[Association between heavy metal mixed exposure and neonatal birth weight in pregnancy].

The impact of prenatal exposure to a mixture of heavy metals on birth weight in newborns has been a topic of ongoing interest. In this study, 258 mothers and infants from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) were selected as the study subjects, and the concentrations of seven heavy metals in the placenta, including Aluminum (Al), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Plumbum (Pb), Selenium (Se) and Arsenic (As) were collected. And the birth weight of newborns, the relevant covariates of mothers and newborns were collected. Three analytical methods, Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression, Quantile g-computation (QGC) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were employed. After adjusting for maternal gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking status, education level, parity, gestational age and newborn gender, the combined three methods showed that the total effect of mixed exposure of seven heavy metals on birth weight was negative. Specifically, the WQS analysis revealed that Se had the greatest impact on birth weight, followed by Al. The QGC results showed that the heavy metal associated with the reduction of birth weight was mainly Se and Al in female and male infants, respectively. The BKMR analysis demonstrated a negative combined effect of the seven heavy metals on birth weight in both male and female infants, with Se having the highest posterior inclusion probabilities (PIPs) for female infants (0.45), and Al having the highest PIPs for male infants (0.64) after stratification by gender. In summary, mixed exposure to heavy metals during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in newborn birth weight. Furthermore, there are gender effects with Se and Al associated with decreased birth weight in female and male infants, respectively. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of public health policies aimed at preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes and improving the health of newborns.

[MAX germline mutation-associated pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma syndrome: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 5].

The individualized precision management of hereditary pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) syndromes (PPGLs) based on molecular diagnosis and molecular subtype is becoming more popular. The newly discovered MAX germline mutation-associated PPGLs are autosomally dominant and rare. To raise awareness and explore the effective management of individual diagnosis and treatment, the relevant literature published between January 2011 and February was systematically reviewed. There were a total of 101 patients in the 77 families, involving all 5 exons, containing 44 types of MAX germline mutations and mostly concentrated in exons 3 and 4 (64.4%), the main mutations were nonsense mutations and missense mutations (73.2%), and some were large fragment deletions or insertions, intron variant, gene fusion mutations were relatively infrequent. Furthermore, about 10% of the patients had a paternal parent-of-origin effect. Among the 101 patients, 96 (95.0%) developed PHEO including 15 metastatic PHEO, 61 bilateral PHEO and 35 unilateral PHEO. The age of diagnosis was (31.7±10.9) years (range: 13 to 80 years). The male to female ratio was 1.2∶1. Eleven were accompanied with chest and abdominal PGL. Eight (7.9%) were accompanied by functional pituitary adenoma. And 12 (11.9%) developed other neuroendocrine tumors (NET), of which 8 were accompanied by PHEO, including 4 hyperparathyroidism, 1 gangliocytoma and neuroblastoma, 1 pancreatic NET, 1 medullary thyroid carcinoma and 1 C cell hyperplasia. Six presented concomitant non-NET, including 1 tongue squamous cell carcinoma, 1 papillary thyroid carcinoma, 1 prostate cancer, 1 renal oncocytoma, 1 breast cancer with renal oncocytoma, and 1 thoracic chondrosarcoma with multifocal adenocarcinoma of lung. The remaining 5 cases (5.0%), including 4 other NET (2 ganglioblastoma, 1 abdominal neuroblastoma and 1 pancreatic NET) and 1 asymptomatic child, did not present PHEO. The MAX germline mutation may cause a novel multiple endocrine neoplasia, which can be described as type 5. A comprehensive baseline assessment of neural crest cell-derived diseases such as PPGL, pituitary adenoma, hyperparathyroidism, and/or gangliocytoma (neuroblastoma) was recommended for all people with MAX germline mutations, and the risk of bilateral and/or metastatic PHEO should also be considered. In contrast, patients with PPGLs combined with other NET, such as functional pituitary adenoma, should undergo genetic testing and pedigree screening that includes at least the MAX gene.

[Analysis of factors affecting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice].

Objective: Objective To analyze the relationship between the survival outcomes of pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice and various clinical and pathological factors. Methods: A case series study was conducted, where clinical data from pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice, who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between March 2022 and May 2023, were retrospectively gathered. Factors potentially affecting patient prognosis were initially analyzed using univariate analysis, followed by multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model for selected factors. A P-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results: The study included 104 patients, comprising 69 males and 35 females, with a median age of 62 years (ranging from 38 to 85 years). Of these, 76 patients (73.1%) were followed until death, with a median survival time of 8.9 (6.2,11.5) months. The number of deaths versus surviving cases at 6 and 12 months were 20/75 and 64/14, respectively, resulting in estimated survival rates of 79.6% and 22.8%. Univariate analysis identified factors such as weight loss, primary site, TNM stage, liver metastasis, number of organs with tumor, stage at which jaundice appeared, CA19-9 levels, albumin levels, and D-dimer levels as significant in influencing prognosis (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed TNM stage, number of organs with tumor, method of jaundice treatment, albumin levels, and D-dimer levels as independent prognostic factors (all P<0.05). Conclusion: In pancreatic cancer patients presenting with obstructive jaundice, close monitoring of weight loss, primary site, TNM stage, liver metastasis, number of organs with tumor, the timing of jaundice occurrence, method of jaundice treatment, CA19-9, albumin, and D-dimer levels is crucial, as these factors may significantly impact the patient's survival and prognosis.

Deep Learning-Based Facial and Skeletal Transformations for Surgical Planning.

The increasing application of virtual surgical planning (VSP) in orthognathic surgery implies a critical need for accurate prediction of facial and skeletal shapes. The craniofacial relationship in patients with dentofacial deformities is still not understood, and transformations between facial and skeletal shapes remain a challenging task due to intricate anatomical structures and nonlinear relationships between the facial soft tissue and bones. In this study, a novel bidirectional 3-dimensional (3D) deep learning framework, named P2P-ConvGC, was developed and validated based on a large-scale data set for accurate subject-specific transformations between facial and skeletal shapes. Specifically, the 2-stage point-sampling strategy was used to generate multiple nonoverlapping point subsets to represent high-resolution facial and skeletal shapes. Facial and skeletal point subsets were separately input into the prediction system to predict the corresponding skeletal and facial point subsets via the skeletal prediction subnetwork and facial prediction subnetwork. For quantitative evaluation, the accuracy was calculated with shape errors and landmark errors between the predicted skeleton or face with corresponding ground truths. The shape error was calculated by comparing the predicted point sets with the ground truths, with P2P-ConvGC outperforming existing state-of-the-art algorithms including P2P-Net, P2P-ASNL, and P2P-Conv. The total landmark errors (Euclidean distances of craniomaxillofacial landmarks) of P2P-ConvGC in the upper skull, mandible, and facial soft tissues were 1.964 ± 0.904 mm, 2.398 ± 1.174 mm, and 2.226 ± 0.774 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the clinical feasibility of the bidirectional model was validated using a clinical cohort. The result demonstrated its prediction ability with average surface deviation errors of 0.895 ± 0.175 mm for facial prediction and 0.906 ± 0.082 mm for skeletal prediction. To conclude, our proposed model achieved good performance on the subject-specific prediction of facial and skeletal shapes and showed clinical application potential in postoperative facial prediction and VSP for orthognathic surgery.

[A prospective study on association between sleep duration and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults in Suzhou].

Objective: To investigate the prospective association of sleep duration with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults in Suzhou. Methods: The study used the data of 53 269 participants aged 30-79 years recruited in the baseline survey from 2004 to 2008 and the follow-up until December 31, 2017 of China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) conducted in Wuzhong District, Suzhou. After excluding participants with airflow limitation, self-reported chronic bronchitis/emphysema/coronary heart disease history at the baseline survey and abnormal or incomplete data, a total of 45 336 participants were included in the final analysis. The association between daily sleep duration and the risk for developing COPD was analyzed by using a Cox proportional hazard regression model, and the hazard ratio (HR) values and their 95%CI were calculated. The analysis was stratified by age, gender and lifestyle factors, and cross-analysis was conducted according to smoking status and daily sleep duration. Results: The median follow-up time was 11.12 years, with a total of 515 COPD diagnoses in the follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, multifactorial Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that daily sleep duration ≥10 hours was associated with higher risk for developing COPD (HR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.03-1.97). The cross analysis showed that excessive daily sleep duration increased the risk for COPD in smokers (HR=2.49, 95%CI: 1.35-4.59, interaction P<0.001). Conclusion: Longer daily sleep duration (≥10 hours) might increase the risk for COPD in adults in Suzhou, especially in smokers.

Translational insights and overall survival in the U31402-A-U102 study of patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is broadly expressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is the target of patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd), an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of a HER3 antibody attached to a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via a tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker. U31402-A-U102 is an ongoing phase I study of HER3-DXd in patients with advanced NSCLC. Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC that progressed after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) who received HER3-DXd 5.6 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks had a confirmed objective response rate (cORR) of 39%. We present median overall survival (OS) with extended follow-up in a larger population of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and an exploratory analysis in those with acquired genomic alterations potentially associated with resistance to HER3-DXd. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Safety was assessed in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC previously treated with EGFR TKI who received HER3-DXd 5.6 mg/kg; efficacy was assessed in those who also had prior PBC. RESULTS: In the safety population (N = 102), median treatment duration was 5.5 (range 0.7-27.5) months. Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 76.5% of patients; the overall safety profile was consistent with previous reports. In 78/102 patients who had prior third-generation EGFR TKI and PBC, cORR by blinded independent central review (as per RECIST v1.1) was 41.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 30.0% to 52.7%], median progression-free survival was 6.4 (95% CI 4.4-10.8) months, and median OS was 16.2 (95% CI 11.2-21.9) months. Patients had diverse mechanisms of EGFR TKI resistance at baseline. At tumor progression, acquired mutations in ERBB3 and TOP1 that might confer resistance to HER3-DXd were identified. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC after EGFR TKI and PBC, HER3-DXd treatment was associated with a clinically meaningful OS. The tumor biomarker characterization comprised the first description of potential mechanisms of resistance to HER3-DXd therapy.

[Analysis of the experience and procedural complications of trans-radial access versus trans-femoral access for hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatic malignancies:a retrospective study].

Objective: To analyze the differences between trans-radial access (TRA) and trans-femoral access (TFA) in hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in terms of patient experience, postoperative complications, and patient preferences; explore whether TRA in HAIC is associated with better patient experience and compliance; and determine whether it is safer than TFA. Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases from colorectal cancer treated with HAIC. We enrolled a total of 91 patients with advanced liver malignancies treated with HAIC from November 2022 to May 2023 in the Department of Interventional Therapy and Hepatobiliary Medicine at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital. The patients were divided into three groups: group TRA (n=20, receiving TRA HAIC only), group TFA (n=33, receiving TFA HAIC only), and crossover group [n=19, receiving TFA HAIC (Cross-TFA group) first, followed by TRA HAIC (Cross-TRA group)]. Meanwhile, to facilitate the expression of partial results, all patients receiving TRA HAIC were defined as the TRA-HAIC group (n=39, TRA+Cross-TRA group), and all patients receiving TFA HAIC were defined as the TFA-HAIC group (n=52, TFA+Cross-TFA group). The primary research index was the Quality of Life (QOL) visualization scale score. The secondary research index included approach-related and catheter-related adverse events, duration of surgery, and mean length of patient stay. We used various statistical methods such as Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, univariate logistic regression analysis, and multi-factor analysis. Results: TRA patients had significantly lower QOL scores than TFA patients (all P<0.001). The QOL scores of the Cross-TRA group were significantly lower than those of the Cross-TFA group (pain at the puncture site Z=-3.24, P=0.001, others P<0.001). The QOL scores of the Cross-TRA group were compared with those of the TRA group, which showed that the scores of the Cross-TRA group in overall discomfort (Z=-3.07,P=0.002), postoperative toilet difficulty (Z=-2.12, P=0.034), and walking difficulty (Z=-2.58, P=0.010) were significantly lower than those of the TRA group. Satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the Cross-TRA group than in the Cross-TFA group (Z=-3.78, P<0.001), and patients were more likely to receive TRA HAIC as the next procedure (χ2=30.42, P<0.001). In terms of mean length of stay, patients receiving TRA HAIC had a significantly lower mean length of stay than those receiving TFA HAIC (50.1±3.2 h vs. 58.4±6.4 h, t=7.98, P<0.001). The incidence of radial artery occlusion (RAO) as an approach-related adverse event was 15.4% (6/39) in the TRA-HAIC group, which was significantly higher than that in the TFA-HAIC group (15.4% vs. 0, χ2=8.56, P=0.005). Notably, multifactorial analysis of RAO-related factors showed that intraoperative enoxaparin use and patency of radial artery flow during pressure were significantly associated with a reduced risk of postoperative RAO (P=0.037 for enoxaparin use and P=0.049 for pressure). Conclusions: With respect to procedure approach, TRA was significantly better than TFA in terms of patient satisfaction and mean length of stay. Through further process optimization and prevention of adverse reactions, the incidence of adverse reactions can be maintained at a relatively low level, so that patients can benefit from TRA in future operations in terms of cost-effectiveness and medical efficiency.

Prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking technology in patients with light chain amyloidosis.

AIM: To undertake a meta-analysis of the prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR-FT) in patients with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis (LCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. All analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: Eight studies were included with 663 patients. For the left ventricle, the results showed that CMR-FT was statistically significant in predicting death, with less impaired global circumferential (GCS), radial (GRS) and longitudinal (GLS) strain in survivors of LCA (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.25; 0.95, 0.93-0.96; 1.12, 1.05-1.20, all p<0.001). For ejection fraction (EF) and mass index, surviving patients had higher EFs and mass index (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.96-0.97; 1.01, 1.01-1.02). For the right ventricle, the results showed that CMR-FT was statistically significant in predicting death, with less impaired GLS and GRS in survivors of LCA (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.08-1.15; 0.93, 0.90-0.96, all p<0.001). Surviving patients had higher EFs (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98, p<0.001). Upon removing the studies one by one, there was no significant change in the results of the study. Both analyses showed no apparent publication deviation on funnel plots. CONCLUSION: Parameters derived from CMR-FT technology are promising new predictors for LCA, and are easily available and reliable. Patients with poor myocardial deformability are at highest risk of death.

[Clinical analysis of 10 cases of multi-center tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome].

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) in children. Methods: The clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, genetic testing and follow-up of 10 children with TRAPS from May 2011 to May 2021 in 6 hospitals in China were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 10 patients with TRAPS, including 8 boys and 2 girls. The age of onset was 2 (1, 5) years, the age of diagnosis was (8±4) years, and the time from onset to diagnosis was 3 (1, 7) years. A total of 7 types of TNFRSF1A gene variants were detected, including 5 paternal variations, 1 maternal variation and 4 de novo variations. Six children had a family history of related diseases. Clinical manifestations included recurrent fever in 10 cases, rash in 4 cases, abdominal pain in 6 cases, joint involvement in 6 cases, periorbital edema in 1 case, and myalgia in 4 cases. Two patients had hematological system involvement. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were significantly increased in 10 cases. All patients were negative for autoantibodies. In the course of treatment, 5 cases were treated with glucocorticoids, 7 cases with immunosuppressants, and 7 cases with biological agents. Conclusions: TRAPS is clinically characterized by recurrent fever accompanied by joint, gastrointestinal, skin, and muscle involvement. Inflammatory markers are elevated, and autoantibodies are mostly negative. Treatment mainly involves glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and biological agents.

[Study on the correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and aerobic exercise performance].

Objective: To study the correlation between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in order to provide theoretical support for the treatment of NAFLD through aerobic exercise performance. Methods: 253 cases with T2DM combined with NAFLD were selected. 93 cases consented to undergo a liver biopsy. Among them, 74 cases with liver biopsy successfully passed the symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and respiratory quotient (RQ)≥1.05. Patients were divided into two groups according to the NAFLD activity score (NAS) of the pathological biopsy: the non-NASH group (NAS < 4) and the NASH group (NAS≥4). The differences in general clinical and biochemical indicators and exercise parameters were compared between the two groups. The relevant factors that affect aerobic exercise performance in NAFLD patients were explored by correlation and regression analysis. Results: The peak oxygen uptake [VO2 @ peak, (17.82 ± 5.61) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1) and (23.14 ± 5.86) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)] and anaerobic threshold [VO2 @ AT, (11.47 ± 3.12) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1) and (13.81 ± 3.53) ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)] were lower in the NASH group than those in the non-NASH group in T2DM patients, with P < 0.01, indicating a significant decrease in aerobic exercise performance in NASH patients compared to non-NASH patients. Correlation analysis showed that patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD VO2@peak was positively correlated with RQ, carbohydrate oxidation rate (%CHO), daily carbohydrate energy supply (CHO Kcal/d), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) (r 0.360, 0.334, 0.341, 0.255, 0.294, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with NAS score, fat attenuation, liver stiffness, fat oxidation rate (%FAT), daily fat energy supply (FAT Kcal/d), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), body mass, and body mass index (BMI) (r -0.558, -0.411, -0.437, -0.340, -0.270, -0.288, -0.331, -0.295, -0.469, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively). VO2@AT were positively correlated with RQ, %CHO, total cholesterol (TC), and HDL-C (r 0.351, 0.247, 0.303, 0.380, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively), while it was negatively correlated with NAS score, fat attenuation, liver stiffness, %FAT, FAT (Kcal/d), ferritin (Fer), ALT, AST, body weight, and BMI (r -0.330, -0.384, -0.428, -0.270, -0.318, 0.320, -0.404, -0.416, -0.389, -0.520, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that BMI, RQ, and NAS scores were independent correlated factors of aerobic exercise performance. Conclusion: Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis affect the aerobic exercise performance of patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD.

Retraction Note: MiR-195-5p inhibits the cell migration and invasion of cervical carcinoma through suppressing ARL2.

The article "MiR-195-5p inhibits the cell migration and invasion of cervical carcinoma through suppressing ARL2", by S.-S. Pan, H.-E. Zhou, H.-Y. Yu, L.-H. Xu, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (24): 10664-10671-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19764-PMID: 31858533 has been retracted by the Authors for the following reasons: The authors found some inaccuracies in the research due to the number of experiments, as well as problems in the editing process of pictures. These errors may mislead readers and affect scientific research in this field. Figures 2D and 5D have also been questioned on PubPeer in April 2023. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/19764 This manuscript has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.

Curcumin nanoparticles and the therapeutic potential of curcumin for musculoskeletal disorders.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a collection of degenerative conditions impacting the body's bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. MSDs affect approximately 1.71 billion individuals worldwide and are a significant cause of disability. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. In this review, we will discuss the research progress of structural analogs, derivatives, and nanomaterials that can improve the bioavailability of this natural drug. Curcumin may potentially retard the progression of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. These effects may be related to curcumin's targeting of multiple signalling pathways.

[Association of category of dietary intake and physical activity with the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study].

Objective: To investigate the association between dietary intake and physical activity category and their combined effects on all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Between December 2013 and December 2021, a prospective cohort study was conducted on 19 863 T2DM patients in Changshu City, Qingjiangpu District (formerly Qinghe District), and Huai'an District, included in the national basic health service management. Information on deaths and underlying causes of death was obtained from the Jiangsu Provincial CDC and Prevention Death Surveillance System. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the intensity of associations between dietary intake, physical activity, and their combined effects with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with T2DM. Results: As of December 31, 2021, the research subjects had been followed up for 150 283 person-years, with a median follow-up time of 8.15 years. During the follow-up period, 3 293 people died, including 1 124 deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 875 deaths from cancer. Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the population of 0-1 recommended food group, those having more than five recommended food groups had a 19% lower risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR)=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70-0.94] and a 33% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.52-0.87). Compared with the T2DM population in the physical activity Q1 group, the risk of all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and cancer mortality among the physical activity Q4 group reduced by 50% (HR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.45-0.56), 50% (HR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.41-0.61), and 27% (HR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88), respectively. The combined effect showed that compared with the population in the intake of food categories 0-2 and low physical activity groups, the risk of all-cause, CVD mortality, and cancer mortality in the intake of food categories 4-9 and high physical activity groups reduced by 55% (HR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.38-0.53), 56% (HR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.32-0.59), and 40% (HR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.44-0.82), respectively. Conclusion: Type of dietary intake, physical activity, and their combined effects are associated with a reduced mortality risk in patients with T2DM.

[Change trends and related risk factors of disease burden on mesothelioma in Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2019].

Objective: To analyze the change trends and risk factors of mesothelioma disease burden in Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2019. Methods: In January 2022, using the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study Data, the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the change trends of incidence, mortality, disable-adjusted life years (DALY) and premature mortality of mesothelioma residents in Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2019, and the attribution level of mesothelioma risk factors was estimated by population attributing fraction. Results: The standardized incidence rates of mesothelioma in Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2019 ranged from 0.07/10(5) to 0.09/10(5), with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -1.1% (t=-13.56, P<0.001). AAPCs in males and females were -0.3% (t=-2.18, P=0.029) and -1.6% (t=-11.39, P<0.001), respectively. The standardized mortality rates of mesothelioma ranged from 0.07/10(5) to 0.09/10(5), the AAPC was -1.1% (t=-12.23, P<0.001), AAPC was -1.6% (t=-14.09, P<0.001) for females, and there was no significant change in males (t=-1.83, P=0.068). The premature mortality was 0.004%-0.006%, the AAPC was -1.0% (t=-4.40, P<0.001), AAPC was -1.7% (t=-13.72, P<0.001) for females, and there was no significant change in males (t=-0.68, P=0.495). The standardized DALY rates ranged from 1.86/10(5) to 2.32/10(5), the AAPC was -0.9% (t=-11.08, P<0.001), AAPC was -1.6% (t=-11.05, P<0.001) for females, and there was no significant change in males (t=-0.95, P=0.343). Both the standardized years of life lost (YLL) rate and the standardized years lived with disability (YLD) rate showed a decreasing trend, and the AAPCs were -0.9% (t=-7.66, P<0.001) and -1.0% (t=-12.88, P<0.001), respectively. The proportion of YLL in DALY was more than 98.5%. Among the risk factors for mesothelioma burden attribution, the AAPC attributed to occupational asbestos exposure of DALY was 1.4% (t=3.43, P=0.001). The AAPC of DALY rate of standardized attribution was -1.7% (t=-12.11, P<0.001) . Conclusion: The overall burden of mesothelioma in Jiangsu Province is decreasing, occupational asbestos exposure is still the main risk factor of mesothelioma in Jiangsu Province, and early diagnosis and treatment should be strengthened.

Pingxiao capsule inhibits lung metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer and sensitizes breast cancer to radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the anticancer effect of Pingxiao capsule (, PXC) on the treatment of breast cancer and . METHODS: The inhibition of PXC on cell viability and proliferation was determined by cell counting kit-8, EdU assay and colony formation assay, respectively. The effect of PXC on cell apoptosis was detected by using flow cytometry. The suppression of PXC on cell migration and invasion was investigated by chamber assay. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, the expression of proteins related to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was analyzed by Western blotting in breast cancer cells and by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues. The anticancer effect of PXC was evaluated by using MDA-MB-231 xenograft model and 4T1 metastatic breast cancer model. RESULTS: Our results indicated that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 were sensitive to PXC. PXC potently inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells . Then, MDA-MB-231 xenograft model depicted that PXC significantly reduced tumor size and weight compared with Control. 4T1 lung metastasis model showed that PXC significantly inhibited breast cancer cell spreading to lungs in mice. Mechanistically, PXC inhibited EMT process by reducing cadherin turnover in TNBC. Furthermore, PXC in combination with 8 Gy X-ray treatment obviously promoted the induction of apoptosis, and suppressed cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: PXC could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of TNBC both and , and exerted its anti-metastatic effect by regulating cadherin turnover, Furthermore, it sensitized the TNBC cells to radiotherapy. The data supported further development of PXC as an adjuvant-therapy agent for TNBC.

[A case report of ocular monkeypox].

A 35-year-old male patient arrived at the clinic, reporting a persistent issue of his right eye being difficult to open for the past three weeks. Alongside this, he had been experiencing a gradual development of lesions around the eye. Notably, about a month prior to the onset of these symptoms, the patient had engaged in unprotected intercourse with a male partner. The initial manifestation was a papule near the eye, which then rapidly progressed. Laboratory analysis of samples taken from the lesions confirmed the presence of monkeypox through polymerase chain reaction testing. Furthermore, this patient received positive diagnoses for both HIV and syphilis infections. Notably, his absolute CD4 count was measured at an extremely low level of 2 cells/µl.(This article was published ahead of print on the official website of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology on September 18, 2023).