Mir-21-5p and Mir-455-5p as Markers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Rectal Adenocarcinoma may Reduce Local CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocyte Infiltration.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify miRNAs and the molecular mechanisms of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for rectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Two miRNA datasets of rectal adenocarcinoma were obtained from GEO and TCGA. GEO2R tool, Venn diagram, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, KEGG pathway analyses, DIANA TOOLS, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used for biological information analysis. The diagnostic utility of miRNAs and immune infiltration of tumors in Chinese patients were validated by RTqPCR and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS: MiR-21-5P and miR-455-5p were both found to have a significant correlation with poor prognosis and higher expression in rectal adenocarcinoma. Besides, the ability to prognosis was independent of the clinicopathological stage. MiR-21-5P and miR-455-5p were enriched in the TGF-beta, Wnt, MAKP, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Meanwhile, the high expression phenotype of miR-21-5P and miR-455-5p decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION: In summary, we found two significant diagnostic and prognostic miRNAs of rectal adenocarcinoma via integrated bioinformatics approach and clinical trials, which might decrease CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis of the Effect of ß-Elemene on Colorectal Cancer from the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Perspective.

Object. ß-Elemene is an emerging antitumor Chinese medicine, but the exact mechanism of action of ß-elemene in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in the process of ß-elemene inhibiting CRC. Methods. RNA sequencing was performed on CRC cells from the control group (untreated) and the case group (ß-elemene-treated). According to the sequencing data, we screened the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs and then analyzed them by functional enrichment analyses. Through the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, the key miRNAs and mRNAs involved in the process of ß-elemene inhibiting CRC were further identified. Results. Totally, 607 upregulated and 599 downregulated DElncRNAs, 12 downregulated and 24 upregulated DEmiRNAs, and 3153 downregulated and 3248 upregulated DEmRNAs were identified. Through the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, 3 miRNAs (miR-7109-3p, miR-4506, and miR-3182), 7 prognostic mRNAs (ALPG, DTX1, HOXD13, RIMS3, SLC16A8, SYT1, and TNNT1), and 2 key mRNAs (RIMS3 and SLC16A8) were determined to participate in the inhibitory mechanism of ß-elemene in CRC. Conclusion. This study revealed for the first time that the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network is involved in the regulation of ß-elemene in CRC, and these identified miRNAs and mRNAs could be new clinical prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC patients.