[The level distribution of serum AMH in different clinical manifestations of women of childbearing age].

To investigate the distribution and diagnostic value of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in healthy women of childbearing age, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian dysfunction (DOR) and premature ovarian failure (POF). This study retrospectively selected female patients of childbearing age who were treated in the affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January to December 2019. According to different clinical manifestations, they were divided into 133 cases in PCOS group, 120 cases in DOR group and 134 cases in POF group. 125 healthy women in the same period were selected as the control group. The values of serum AMH, estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) were measured in the four groups. Single sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test, logistic regression analysis and ROC curve were used for comparative analysis. The serum AMH levels of PCOS group, DOR group, POF group and control group were 9.10 (6.67, 11.49) ng/ml, 0.11 (0.05, 0.29) ng/ml, 0.03 (0.02, 0.06) ng/ml and 2.99 (1.57, 4.98) ng/ml, respectively [M(Q1,Q3)], the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The basal endocrine levels including E2, FSH, LH and T also had significant differences between groups (P<0.001). The results of multiple comparisons showed that there were significant differences in AMH and LH between DOR, POF and PCOS groups and the control group. The T level of PCOS group was significantly higher than that of the control group, the E2, LH and T levels of DOR group were significantly higher than that of the control group, and the FSH level of POF group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of AMH and AMH+LH in the diagnosis of PCOS were 0.905 and 0.922, the sensitivity was 82.7% and 85.0%, and the specificity was 88.0% and 88.8%. The AUC of DOR was 0.861 and 0.971, the sensitivity was 89.0% and 92.5%, and the specificity was 63.0% and 92.0%. The AUC of POF was 0.950 and 0.998, the sensitivity was 98.3% and 99.2%, and the specificity was 75.9% and 97.0%, respectively. The AUC of AMH and AMH+LH combined indexes in the differential diagnosis of DOR and POF were 0.768 and 0.937, the sensitivity was 70.3% and 95.5%, and the specificity was 73.9% and 80.8%.

[A clinical analysis of 10 cases with cardiac lymphoma].

Objective: To analyze the morbidity, clinical characteristics, therapeutic outcomes and prognosis of cardiac lymphoma. Methods: Individual patient data were obtained from pathology defined 10 cases of cardiac lymphoma from Jan 2000 to Jun 2016. The patient's general information, clinical manifestation, pathological diagnosis, laboratory examination, cardiac involvement feature, cardiac complications, treatment, therapeutic effect and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Of 3 918 cases of lymphoma patients, 10 cases of cardiac involvement were identified, including primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) in 1 case, secondary cardiac lymphoma (SCL) in 9 cases. Of the 10 patients in our analysis, the male-to-female ratio was 3∶2, with a median age of 55 (19-88) years old. The most presenting complaints were dyspnea in 7 cases, followed by chest pain in 5 cases, fatigue in 2 patients and edema in 2 cases. Pathological types included diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in 7 cases, T cell lymphoma (T-LBL) in 1 case, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in 1 case, and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in 1 case. The sites of the heart affected by lymphoma in the PCL patient were right and left atriums with multiple nodules; and for SCL, the sites were mainly pericardium associated with a pericardial effusion in 5 cases, a pericardial mass in 2 cases. Congestive heart failure affects 7 patients and cardiac arrhythmias were identified in 4 cases mainly sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and atrioventricular block. Except one untreated because of old age and poor performance, the rest of 9 patients were treated by either chemotherapy in 4 cases or chemotherapy combined radiotherapy (including the extracardiac sites) in 5 patients. With the median follow-up of 9 months, the one PCL patient achieved partial response (PR) , progress free survival (PFS) for 6 months and the overall survival (OS) for 21 months; in the cohort of 6 SCL patients cardiac involved at diagnosis, complete response (CR) was achieved in 1 case (16.7%) , PR in 3 cases, progressing disease (PD) in 2 cases, with the median PFS for 5 months and the median OS for 19 months; and for the other 3 SCL patients cardiac involved at progression, PR was achieved in 2 case and death in 1 case, with the median PFS for 4 months and the median OS unavailable because of censored data. Conclusion: Cardiac lymphoma represents a rare subset of lymphoma, the most common type is DLBCL, and the main clinical manifestations are dyspnea and chest pain, always combined by arrhythmia and congestive heart failure. The main therapeutic regimen for cardiac lymphoma includes combined chemotherapy and the prognosis for patients with either PCL or SCL is usually poor.

Different limited resection of pulmonary lobe methods under the thoracoscopy in the treatment of early nonsmall cell lung cancer occurred in the old age.

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to explore clinical effect of limited resection of lung lobe under the thoracoscopy in the treatment of early nonsmall cell lung cancer occurred in the old age. METHODS: A total of 150 patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer in the old age is treated by limited resection of lung lobe under thoracoscope. It can be divided into segmental resection group and wedge resection group by surgical methods, to make a comparative analysis of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stays, and complications during the perioperative period. And there will be postoperation follow-up on survival, relapse and death situation etc., RESULTS: 10 cases are changed to make other operation because of maladaptation to limited resection, and a total of 140 patients have undergone limited resection. Operation time and hospital stays of wedge resection group are shorter than those of segmental resection group (P < 0.05); compared with the bleeding and indwelling drainage tube time in two groups, differences have no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Compared with cases of complications, recurrence and death for groups of segmental resection and wedge resection group, the differences have no statistical significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Limited resection of lung lobe in the early treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer occurred in the old age under the thoracoscopy is safe and feasible.

Binding and release studies of a cationic drug from a star-shaped four-arm poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid).

Star-shape polymers possess higher densities of terminal functional groups and three-dimensional tetrahedron structure that induce significantly different association and interactions with drug compared to linear structure of identical molecular weights. Four-arm poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) block copolymer was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization technique, and it self-assembled into core-shell micelles and extended unimers at low and high pH respectively. The negatively charged carboxylate groups on the polymer chains interacted with a cationic drug through electrostatic interaction forming polymer/drug complexes stabilized by biocompatible hydrophilic PEO segments. The hydrodynamic radius (R(h)) of the polymeric aggregates and polymer/drug complexes ranged from 46 to 84 nm and 32 to 55 nm at pH of 4.6 and 8.0 respectively, making them suitable for drug delivery applications. The thermodynamic parameters and interactions between polymer and drug were determined by isothermal titration calorimetric technique. The electrostatic force, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions controlled the characteristics of polymer/drug formation and complexes when the molar ratios of drug and polymer were varied. Drug selective electrode system was used to measure the dynamic release of imipramine hydrochloride (IPH) from multi-arm PEO-b-PMAA star polymer. The release exponent n was greater than 0.5 indicating a non-Fickian type diffusion behavior, where the release behavior was dominated by chain relaxation induced by ion exchange that was dependent on pH.

Association behavior of star-shaped pH-responsive block copolymer: four-arm poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) in aqueous medium.

A four arm pH-responsive poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) block copolymer was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization technique. The conformation transition over the course of neutralization was investigated using a combination of potentiometric and conductometric titrations, dynamic and static light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The multiarm block copolymer existed as an extended unimer at high pH due to the negatively charged carboxylate groups and hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) segments. The block copolymers self-assembled into core-shell micelles and large spherical aggregates that flocculated at low degree of neutralization (alpha). Such behavior is controlled by the fine balance of electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bond interactions. The hydrodynamic radius (R(h)) of the aggregates was approximately 84 nm at alpha of 0.3, and it decreased to 63 and 46 nm at alpha approximately 0.2 and 0.1, respectively, as a result of the reduced electrostatic interaction between ionized carboxylate groups. The thermodynamic parameters obtained from isothermal titration calorimetric technique in different salt concentrations indicated that the energy to extract a proton from a charged polyion was reduced by the addition of salt, which favors the neutralization process.

Polyplex formation between four-arm poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) and plasmid DNA in gene delivery.

Amphiphilic polyelectrolytes comprising cationic and uncharged hydrophilic segments condensed negatively charged DNA to form a core-shell structure stabilized by a layer of hydrophilic corona chains. At physiological pH, four-arm star-shaped poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (four-arm PEO-b-PDEAEMA) block copolymer possessed positively charged amine groups that interacted with negatively charged plasmid DNA to form polymer/DNA complexes. The mechanism and physicochemical properties of the complex formation were investigated at varying molar ratio of amine groups on polymer chains and phosphate group on plasmid DNA segments (N/P ratio). The capability of the star block copolymer to condense DNA was demonstrated through gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide exclusion assay. In the absence of salt, the hydrodynamic radius of polyplexes was about 94 nm at low polymer/DNA ratio, and it decreased to about 34 nm at large N/P ratios, forming a compact spherical structure with a weighted average molecular weight of 4.39 +/- 0.22 x 10(6) g/mol. Approximately 15 polymeric chains were required to condense a plasmid DNA. The addition of monovalent salt to the polyplexes significantly altered the size of the complexes, which would have an impact on cell transfection. Because of the electrostatic interaction induced by the diffusion of small ions, the polyplex increased in size to about 53 nm with a less compact structure. In vitro cytotoxicty of polymer and polymer/pDNA complexes were evaluated, and the polyplexes exhibited low toxicity at low N/P ratios. At N/P ratio of 4.5, the four-arm PEO-b-PDEAEMA showed the highest level of transfection in Neuro-2A cells. These observations showed that the star-shaped multi-arm polymers offers interesting properties in self-association and condensation ability for plasmid DNA and can serve as a nonviral DNA delivery system.

CF4 plasma treatment of poly(dimethylsiloxane): effect of fillers and its application to high-aspect-ratio UV embossing.

Surface modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was carried out via CF4 plasma treatment. The test PDMS used contains significant amounts of quartz and silica fillers, while the control material is the same PDMS with quartz removed by centrifugation. Fluorination accompanied with roughening was produced on both PDMS surfaces. With short plasma times (15 min or less), a macromolecular fluorocarbon layer was formed on the PDMS surfaces because of the dominant fluorination, leading to significant increase in F concentration, decrease of surface energy, and some roughening. With intermediate plasma times (15-30 min), dynamic balance between fluorination and ablation was achieved, leading to a plateau of the surface roughness, fluorine content, and [F-Si]/[F-C] ratio. At our longest investigated plasma time of 45 min, the plasma ablated the fluorinated covering layer on the PDMS surfaces, leading to significant increase in roughness and [F-Si]/[F-C] ratio and decrease of surface F concentration. The effect of additional quartz in the test PDMS on surface F concentration, [F-Si]/[F-C] ratio, and roughness was dramatic only when ablation was significant (i.e., 45 min). The obtained Teflon-like surface displays long-term stability as opposed to hydrophobic recovery of other plasma-treated PDMS surfaces to increase hydrophilicity. On the basis of the optimized plasma treatment time of 15 min, a microstructured PDMS mold was plasma treated and successfully used for multiple high-aspect-ratio (about 8) UV embossing of nonpolar polypropylene glycol diacrylate (PPGDA) resin.