[The specificity of the mechanisms regulating hematopoiesis under different extreme exposures]. / K voprosu o spetsifichnosti mekhanizmov reguliatsii krovetvorenii a pri razlichnykh ékstremal'nykh vozdeistviiakh.

The reactions of the hematopoietic tissue and the mechanisms of their development were studied in rats during blood loss and when they were suspended on the neck fold. The mechanisms of hematopoiesis regulation were found to be similar in principle in exposure to different stresses: activation of the erythropoietin system and increase of blood serum colony-stimulating activity occurred in both cases.

[Methods of isolating hematopoiesis islets from the bone marrow]. / Metody vydeleniia gemopoéticheskikh ostrovkov kostnogo mozga.

The effectiveness of the enzymatic and mechanical methods for isolation of hemopoietic islets (HI) from rat bone marrow was comparatively studied. It has been shown that the use of collagenase brings higher yields of HI than the mechanical treatment of bone marrow, mainly at the expense of associations containing no central phagocytizing macrophages. When the mechanical method of HI isolation was used, erythroid islets associated with mononuclear phagocytes prevailed, while with the enzymatic method mainly erythro-granulocytic islets associated with macrophages or reticular cells were isolated. It has been suggested that granulocytic and erythro-granulocytic associations are less resistant to the mechanical treatment.

[Isolated symplasts and stromal syncytial buds of the normal human placenta at 6 to 14 weeks of pregnancy]. / Izolirovannye simplasty i stromal'nye sintsitial'nye pochki normal'noi platsenty cheloveka pri 6--14 nedeliakh beremennosti.

Formation of isolated symplasts (IS) ("deported trophoblast", according to English nomenclature) and stromal syncytial buds (SSB) has been studied in 10 normal patients at pregnancy of 6-14 weeks by means of the indirect immunoperoxidase method. Monoclonal antibodies against beta-subunit of the human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG), serial paraffin slices, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, semithin slices, stained with toluidin blue-pyronine and scanning electron microscopy have been used. A great amount of syncytiotrophoblastic processes and IS, analogous by their structure to syncytiotrophoblast are revealed. Presence of beta-HCG in the syncytiotrophoblast and its absence in the cytotrophoblast are proved. Concentration of beta-HCG in the IS is higher than in the syncytiotrophoblast of the villi. Maximal concentration of beta-HCG in the SSB is described for the first time. The functional role of the IS and SSB is discussed in the system mother-placenta-fetus.

[The participation of opiatergic mechanisms in the regulation of bone marrow hematopoiesis in stress]. / Uchastie opiatergicheskikh mekhanizmov v reguliatsii kostnomozgovogo krovetvoreniia pri stresse.

It is shown that immobilization stress intensifies functional activity of hematopoietic precursor cells, which leads to the development of medullary hyperplasia. Injection of dalargin into immobilized animals as well as its addition to the culture medium in producing clones of myelokaryocytes derived from donors subjected to stress in vitro reduces the colony- and cluster-forming activity of bone marrow cells and causes suppression of erythro- and granulocytopoiesis. Naloxone abolishes the suppressive effect of dalargin in vivo and in vitro but at the same time attenuates bone marrow hyperplasia in stress. It is suggested that naloxone may block both the stimulating and the inhibiting effect of enkephalins on hematopoiesis in stress.

[The role of endogenous enkephalins in the regulation of bone marrow hematopoiesis in stress]. / Ob uchastii éndogennykh énkefalinov v reguliatsii kostno- mozgovogo krovetvoreniia pri stresse.

A study was made of the effect of the enkephalinase inhibitor D-phenylalanine on hematopoiesis during the immobilization stress. The long-term treatment with D-phenylalanine before the immobilization stress resulted in a significant increase of plasma ley-enkephalin in mice during the first day after exposure. Later the inhibition of bone marrow hyperplasia was recorded. There were no changes in hematopoiesis provided D-phenylalanine was injected after the immobilization. It is suggested that endogenous enkephalins may take part in the regulation of hematopoiesis at the early period of the stress reaction formation.

[Regulatory effects of opioid peptides on bone marrow hematopoiesis in stress]. / Reguliatornye vliianiia opioidnykh peptidov na kostnomozgovoe krovetvorenie pri stresse.

It was shown that inhibition of bone marrow hyperplasia disappear due to injection of leu-enkephalin and dalargin as well as the increase of plasma leu-enkephalin by means of D-phenylalanine on the immobilized mice. The effect of enkephalin on hematopoietic precursor cells may be realized by inhibition of T-lymphocytes migration to bone marrow. Besides, direct specific influence of dalargin on myelokaryocytes is observed.

[Variants of pathological immaturity of the placenta and their role in fetal development]. / Varianty patologicheskoi nezrelosti platsenty i ikh rol' v razvitii ploda.

Morphologic evaluation of 125 placentas in various pregnancy and neonatal disturbances versus 46 normal placentas of different gestation provided the basis for recognition of 4 basic variants of the villous tree immaturity. Variant I is marked by embryonal villi close in structure to the villi of normal placentas (8-12 weeks gestation). Variant II presents intermediate immature and mature branches demonstrating the morphology of mean-caliber placental villi (13-28 weeks gestation). Variant III involves irregular sclerosed villi (23-24 weeks gestation). These variants are concerned with pathologic placental immaturity. There is also another variant which is confirmed by the evidence gained and can be related to a borderline condition between health and pathology--dissociated placentation. A favourable neonatal prognosis depends on a large amount of terminal special villi and compensatory placental angiomatosis.

[Modulating effect of enkephalins on hemopoieis under stress]. / O moduliruiushchem vliianii énkefalinov na gemopoéz pri stresse.

The influence of enkephalins on the medullary hemopoiesis has been studied during stress reaction in noninbred mice. It was shown that leu-enkephalin administration suppressed, while met-enkephalin injection stimulated granulocyto- and erythropoiesis during immobilization stress.