[Long non-coding RNA LOC101927476 inhibits invasion, migration, and proliferation of ovarian cancer cell lines].

Objective: To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA LOC101927476 (LncRNA LOC101927476) in ovarian cancer and its effect on the biological characteristics of ovarian cancer. Methods: Patients with ovarian cancer who underwent surgery in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2018 to 2019 were selected. The expressions of LOC101927476 in ovarian cancer cells 3AO, OVCA429, TOV21G, A2780, SKOV3, as well as 22 primary tumor tissues and their matched metastatic tumor tissues were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Ovarian cancer transcriptome sequencing data from the TCGA database was used to verify the expressions of LOC101927476 and GATA4. 3AO and OVCA429 cells were infected with lentivirus plasmid containing OE-LOC101927476 and single guide RNA (sg-RNA) targeting LOC101927476, respectively. The effects of LOC101927476 on migration and invasion were detected by Transwell and wound healing assay. The effect of LOC101927476 on cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Results: RT-PCR assay showed that 20 out of 22 patients had significantly lower expression of LOC101927476 in their metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors. Transwell assay showed that overexpression of LOC101927476 significantly inhibited the invasion and migration capacities of 3AO cells. The numbers of invading and migrating 3AO cells infected with OE-LOC101927476 lentivirus were (357±63) and (699±65), respectively, lower than (661±95) and (1 024±76) in OE-EV group (P<0.050). In contrast, the numbers of invading and migrating OVCA429 cells with LOC101927476 knockdown were (512±72) and (472±40), respectively, higher than (309±13) and (363±27) in sg-Control group (P<0.050). Wound healing assay results showed that after 48 hours, the percentage of scratch healing of 3AO cells in OE-LOC101927476 group was (10.86±0.63)%, significantly lower than (57.38±4.42)% of OE-EV group (P=0.009). After 24 hours, the percentage of scratch healing of OCVA429 cells in sg-LOC101927476 group was (59.98±1.34)%, significantly higher than (23.15±2.03)% of sg-Control group (P=0.004). CCK-8 assays showed that the OD value of 3AO cells in OE-LOC101927476 group was (2.07±0.08), significantly lower than (2.29±0.04) of OE-EV group (P=0.009). The OD value of OVCA429 cells in sg-LOC101927476 group was (2.13±0.03), significantly higher than (1.93±0.03) of sg-Control group (P=0.001). The relative expression of GATA4 in OE-LOC101927476 group was (1.86±0.25), significantly higher than 1.00 of OE-EV group (P=0.001). In patients with high expression of LncRNA LOC101927476, the expression level of GATA4 was (2.93±0.35), which was higher than (0.29±0.06) of LOC101927476 low expression group (P=0.001). Conclusion: LncRNA LOC101927476 can inhibit the invasion, migration and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells.

[Analysis of the imaging characteristics of otosclerosis based on 10 µm otology CT].

Objective: To evaluate the imaging features of otosclerosis based on10 µm otology CT. Methods: Data of 27 patients with otosclerosis (51 sides) in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2020 to July 2021 were retrospectively collected, including 9 males and 18 females age ffrom 22 to 70 (42±12) years. All patients underwent 10 µm otology CT examination and surgical treatment. The types, amounts and involved sites of otosclerosis were analyzed and the sensitivity of 10 µm otology CT in diagnosing otosclerosis were evaluated. Results: Fenestral type accounted for 49.0% (25/51 sides), and diffuse type accounted for 51.0% (26/51 sides),and he retrofenestral type without fenestral lesion was not seen. Single lesions accounted for 45.1% (23/51 sides) and multiple lesions accounted for 54.9% (28/51 sides). The incidence of involvement of the fissula ante fenestram and annular ligaments were both 100%. The incidence of involvement of stapes footplate, vestibule, cochlea, round window, inner auditory canal wall, facial nerve canal, stapes muscle and semicircular canal was 60.8% (31 sides), 33.3% (17/51 sides), 21.6% (11/51 sides), 17.6% (9/51 sides), 13.7% (7/51 sides), 9.8% (5/51 sides), 7.8% (4/51 sides) and 5.9% (3/51 sides), respectively. The sensitivity of 10 µm otology CT in diagnosis of otosclerosis was 100%. Conclusion: 10 µm otology CT can fully display the imaging features of otosclerosis, and has the potential to be an effective routine method for otosclerosis.

[Analysis of upper airway structure development in children with different characteristics].

Objective: To analyze the development of upper airway in children with different characteristics. Methods: From June 2018 to June 2020, a total of 425 children younger than 16 years old who underwent head MRI examination and did not have sleep-disordered breathing were included in the study. The length of soft palate, tongue, upper airway, mental spine clivus, adenoid thickness and nasopharyngeal width were measured in the midsagittal plane of MRI image. Single factor variance analysis was used to compare the gender differences of upper airway parameters within certain age groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between upper airway parameters and age. Results: The numbers of subjects in infant, young child, preschool, school age and adolescent group were 80, 86, 90, 90 and 79, respectively. There were 219 males, accounting for 51.5% of the study population. The adenoid thickness in the preschooler group was (1.26±0.26) cm, higher than that in the female group (1.15±0.20) cm (P=0.025). The upper airway length (5.89±0.60) cm and the ratio of upper airway length/mental spine-slope length (0.73±0.08) in males were higher than those in females [(5.31±0.45) cm and 0.67±0.07, respectively, P<0.05]. There was no gender difference in other upper airway parameters among different age groups (all P values>0.05). The length of upper airway, mental spine-slope, tongue, soft palate, the width of nasopharyngeal cavity and the thickness of adenoids were positively correlated with age (r=0.932, 0.912, 0.898, 0.705, 0.734 and 0.168, respectively), all P values<0.05. Adenoid thickness was positively correlated with age from birth to age 5 years (r=0.603, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with age after age 6 years (r=-0.259, P=0.001). Conclusion: There are gender differences in the development of upper airway structure in children of different ages.

[Effect of malleostapedotomy procedure on 17 cases of congenital middle ear malformation].

Objective: To conclude the clinical features and the postoperative efficacy of congenital middle ear malformation treated with Malleostapedotomy (MS), and to explore the security and effectiveness of MS surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 17 patients (18 ears) with congenital middle ear malformation undergoing MS procedure were analyzed. There were 10 males (11 ears) and 7 females (7 ears), aged from 7 to 48 years. The imaging examination, pure-tone audiometry, intraoperative findings and postoperative hearing improvement of these patients were analyzed and summarized, and software SPSS23.0 was used for statistical analysis. Rusults All the 17 patients (18 ears) presented with hearing loss since childhood on the affected sides. Preoperative high resolution CT (HRCT) of the temporal bone revealed definite malformations in 9 ears (6 ears with incus long process dysplasia and 3 ears with anterior and posterior crus dysplasia). Before surgery, the mean bone conductive hearing threshold at 500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz was (15.6±10.2) dB HL, the mean air conductive hearing threshold was (60.6±9.7) dB HL, and the mean air-bone gap was (45.0±8.9) dB. During the surgery, all 18 ears were found to be accompanied by absence or hypoplasia of incus long process. 12 ears had stapes fixation, 6 ears had oval window atresia. All patients were treated with MS procedure by using Piston. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 1 year. The mean bone conductive hearing threshold was (14.7±8.8) dB HL. The mean air conductive hearing threshold was (37.7±11.6) dB HL, and the mean air-bone gap was (23.0±8.0) dB. There were statistically significant differences in the mean air conductive hearing threshold and mean air-bone gap before and after surgery (P<0.05). While there were no statistically significant differences in the mean bone conductive hearing threshold before and after surgery (P=0.550). Conclusions: MS procedure is safe and reliable in patients with congenital middle ear malformation of incus long process dysplasia, stapes fixation or oval window atresia. HRCT is useful in evaluating the major deformity of ossicular chain and facial nerve deformity. However, it is not enough to evaluate the joint of incus-stapes and oval window atresia. MS surgery in middle ear malformation requires advanced surgical experience and skills. The hearing improvement can be significant, even though some air-bone gap after surgery exist.

[Clinical management strategies of pulsatile tinnitus with transverse sinus stenosis].

Objective: To study the clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for vein-related pulsatile tinnitus patients with transverse sinus stenosis. Methods: The clinical data of patients with vein-related pulsatile tinnitus, from January 2015 to August 2019, were collected,whose digital subtraction angiography showing transverse sinus stenosis. Taking December 2019 as the last follow-up time, we analyzed the clinical characteristics, CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography results, lumbar puncture pressure and cerebrospinal fluid composition, and other auxiliary examination results (pure tone audiometry, fundus examination of papilledema, carotid ultrasonography, bone density screening, endocrinous test), as well as tinnitus handicap inventory, treatment options and follow-up results. Results: 83 patients were enrolled with female of 89.2% (74/83) and male of 10.8%(9/83); 65.1% (54/83) with right tinnitus, 31.3% (26/83) with left tinnitus, and 3.6% (3/83) with bilateral tinnitus; 67.5% (56/83) with right dominant sinus, 19.3% (16/83) with left dominant sinus, 13.3% (11/83) with bilateral equalization; Bilateral and ipsilateral stenosis accounted for 55.4% and 44.6% respectively; BMI was overweight or obese in 41 cases (49.4%, 41/83). Patients with tinnitus handicap inventory level three or above accounted for 79.5% (66/83). Eventually, 33 patients chose conservative observation (39.8%, 33/83), 40 patients (48.2%), 8 patients (9.6%) and 2 patients (2.4%) received sigmoid sinus-related surgery, interventional surgery, or emissary vein occlusion respectively. The mean follow-up time of 74 patients was 26.2 months. The data of 48 surgery patients showed that the pressure differences of venous sinus among the recurrent patients were more obvious; Interventional surgery with simultaneous stenting placement was effective. Tinnitus did not decrease in two patients with emissary vein occlusion. Analysis of 26 patients with lumbar puncture revealed eight cases of normal cranial pressure and 18 cases of high cranial pressure. The sinus pressure difference between the two groups was different (P=0.025), but the difference of age of onset, concomitant symptoms, BMI, proportion of empty sella or papilledema was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: The evaluation of patients with vein-related pulsatile tinnitus requires a standardized procedure. Papilledema cannot be used as a sensitive indicator in patients with early intracranial hypertension. Venous sinus pressure difference may be one of the indicators of intracranial hypertension, and the lumbar puncture is the gold standard for the diagnosis. Weight loss can be used as a conservative treatment during the observation period. Significant sinus stenosis is a risk factor for recurrence in patients undergoing sigmoid sinus surgery. Interventional stenting is an effective treatment for tinnitus secondary to transverse sinus stenosis.

[Medical imaging clinical appropriateness:rational examination according to evidence-based medical imaging].

The rational clinical examination is important. The authors raised the concept of "medical imaging clinical appropriateness (MICA) " to meet the medical need in clinic (for diagnosis or assessment of a kind of disease or syndrome), which means radiologists and clinicians work together to carefully evaluate the necessity and rationality of an examination according to evidence of evidence-based medicine, expertise, experience, and patient's willing.The necessity is prerequisite, the rationality is the core, the evaluation of evidence is the basis, the application of evidence-based medicine is the important method. This work will provide us a series of criteria in the format of guidelines, providing evidence of rational examination for clinicians. Based on hard working and cooperation between radiologists and clinicians, we will establish the system of MICA in China, standardizing medical process, promoting rationalization, optimizing medical resources allocation and usage.

The role of ancillary features for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma on CT: based on the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2017 algorithm.

AIM: To investigate the diagnostic performance of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2017 for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), by using major features only and combined major and ancillary features on computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 147 HCC, 35 non-HCC malignancy, and 37 benign lesions in 205 patients at high risk of HCC were evaluated retrospectively, and the diagnostic performance of LI-RADS for diagnosing HCC were compared between using major features only and adopting major and ancillary features in combination. RESULTS: When using LR-5 as a predictor for diagnosing HCC, the diagnostic specificity (90.3% versus 91.7%), positive predictive value (92.3% versus 93.3%), and accuracy (68% versus 68.8%) were increased based on major and ancillary features in combination than just using major features on CT. When using LR-4/5 as a predictor for diagnosing HCC, the diagnostic sensitivity (78.9% versus 85.7%), negative predictive value (64.4% versus 72%), and accuracy (78.5% versus 82.2%) were increased while preserving a high specificity (77.8% versus 75%), according to major and ancillary features in combination rather than just using major features on CT. The LI-RADS categories of 8.7% (19/219) lesions were adjusted by adding the ancillary features on CT. CONCLUSION: Adding the ancillary features visible on CT can improve the diagnostic performance of the LI-RADS v2017 algorithm for diagnosing HCC, especially for LR-3 lesions.

Determination and prediction of energy values in corn distillers dried grains with solubles sources with varying oil content for growing pigs.

This study was conducted to determine the DE and ME content of 25 samples of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) fed to growing pigs and to generate prediction equations for DE and ME based on chemical analysis. The 25 samples included 15 full-oil (no oil extracted; ether extract [EE] > 8%) DDGS and 10 reduced-oil (oil extracted; EE < 8%) DDGS collected from 17 ethanol plants in China. A corn­soybean meal diet constituted the basal diet and the other 25 diets replaced a portion of the corn, soybean meal, and lysine of the basal diet with 28.8% of 1 of the 25 corn DDGS sources. Seventy-eight barrows (initial BW = 42.6 ± 6.2 kg) were used in the experiment conducted over 2 consecutive periods (n = 6 per treatment) using a completely randomized design. For each period, pigs were placed in metabolism cages for a 5-d total collection of feces and urine following a 7-d adaptation to the diets. Among the 25 corn DDGS samples, EE, NDF, DE, and ME content (DM basis) ranged from 2.8 to 14.2%, 31.0 to 46.6%, 3,255 to 4,103 kcal/kg, and 2,955 to 3,899 kcal/kg, respectively. Using a stepwise regression analysis, a series of DE and ME prediction equations were developed not only among all 25 DDGS but also only within 15 full-oil DDGS and 10 reduced-oil DDGS samples. The best fit equations of DE (kcal/kg DM) for the complete set of 25 DDGS, 15 full-oil DDGS, and 10 reduced-oil DDGS were 2,064 ­ (38.51 × % NDF) + (0.64 × % GE) ­ (39.70 × % ash), ­(87.53 × % ADF) + (1.02 × % GE) ­ (22.99 × % hemicellulose), and 3,491 ­ (40.25 × % NDF) + (46.95 × % CP), respectively. The best fit equations for ME (kcal/kg DM) for the complete set of 25 DDGS, 15 full-oil DDGS, and 10 reduced-oil DDGS were 1,554 ­ (44.11 × % NDF) + (0.77 × % GE) ­ (68.51 × % ash), 7,898 ­ (42.08 × % NDF) ­ (136.17 × % ash) + (101.19 × % EE) (103.83 × % CP), and 4,066 ­ (46.30 × % NDF) + (45.80 × % CP) ­ (106.19 × % ash), respectively. Using the sum of squared residuals to compare the accuracy of the 3 groups of prediction equations revealed that separate equations for full-oil DDGS and reduced-oil DDGS each provided a better fit than a single equation for the entire set of DDGS sources. These results indicated that the DE and ME values in corn DDGS are related to the chemical composition, primarily the EE and fiber concentrations. Specific prediction equations derived from full-oil and reduced-oil DDGS are better than equations derived from the entire set of DDGS.

Aquaporin in the proliferation and apoptosis of diabetic myocardial cells.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of aquaporin on the molecular mechanism of human diabetic myocardial cell apoptosis. The methylthiazolyle tetrazolium assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of aquaporin on cell growth. The rate of aquaporin-induced myocardial cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double-stained cells. We also attempted to quantify the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and survivin in diabetic myocardial cells by western blot analysis. Aquaporin was found to inhibit the proliferation of diabetic myocardial cells in a concentration-dependent manner; the increase in aquaporin concentration led to an increase in Bax (apoptosis protein) expression, decrease in Bcl-2 expression (anti-apoptosis protein), increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and a decrease in caspase-3 and survivin expression (P < 0.05). Therefore, aquaporin significantly inhibits the proliferation of diabetic myocardial cells and cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner by upregulating the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression, activating the caspase-3 protein cascade, and regulating the expression of survivin.