RESUMO
Adaptive correction of structural and metabolic disturbances in the lungs caused by longterm exposure to coal-rock dust were studied in experiments on rats. It was shown that the complex antioxidant preparation containing dihydroquercetin compensated disturbances in the redox balance in the lung tissue, prevented the formation of dust granulomas, and reduced the severity of degenerative changes in the bronchopulmonary system.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Carvão Mineral/efeitos adversos , Radicais Livres/antagonistas & inibidores , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Granuloma/prevenção & controle , Quercetina/análogos & derivados , Administração Oral , Alanina Transaminase/genética , Alanina Transaminase/metabolismo , Animais , Animais não Endogâmicos , Aspartato Aminotransferases/genética , Aspartato Aminotransferases/metabolismo , Catalase/genética , Catalase/metabolismo , Esquema de Medicação , Poeira , Radicais Livres/metabolismo , Granuloma/etiologia , Granuloma/genética , Granuloma/patologia , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP72/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP72/metabolismo , Heme Oxigenase (Desciclizante)/genética , Heme Oxigenase (Desciclizante)/metabolismo , Hidroxibutirato Desidrogenase/genética , Hidroxibutirato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Exposição por Inalação/efeitos adversos , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Pulmão/patologia , Masculino , Oxirredução , Tamanho da Partícula , Quercetina/farmacologia , Ratos , Superóxido Dismutase/genética , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
In 7 species of micromycetes which were isolated from radioactive contaminated areas of Chernobyl NPP zone under exposure of two artificial sources: y-low energy (121Sn) and radiation mix type gamma + beta (137Cs). Two new earlier unknown radioadaptive properties for fungi--radiotropism and radiostimulation were established. The strains, which were isolated from clean areas, did not have such features. All investigated strains, which have shown positive radiotropism at the same time, have shown stimulation of conidia germination and of length of the emergent hyphum under exposure to one of sources of radiation. It was shown that micro fungi having radioadaptive properties, the adaptive response to high (100-1000 Gy) ionizing radiation doses was found that is evidence of that these strains have high radio resistance level. Nevertheless fungal strains have shown varied response to presence of ionizing radiation depending on its type and absorbed dose.
Assuntos
Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Raios gama , Fungos Mitospóricos/fisiologia , Fungos Mitospóricos/efeitos da radiação , Tolerância a Radiação , Adaptação Fisiológica , Radioisótopos de Césio/análise , Fungos Mitospóricos/química , Poluentes Radioativos do Solo/análise , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/análiseRESUMO
Microscopic fungi of 47 species and 24 genera isolated from radioactive soil and other radioactive substrates of a 10-km alienation zone from Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant were investigated. Only 19 % of such fungi showed toward the ionizing irradiation source positive radiotropism. Strains with best-defended radiotropism responded to the influence of weak white light. Both of these responses (radiotropism and photostimulation) were of an adaptive nature, were found in both dark-colored and light-colored micromycetes and were probably a strain-related feature.
Assuntos
Fungos/efeitos da radiação , Luz , Radiação Ionizante , Microbiologia do Solo , Adaptação Fisiológica , Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Fungos/fisiologia , UcrâniaRESUMO
This is probably the first report on intraspecific variation in radiation resistance for filamentous fungi. It was revealed that natural ("field") strains of the filamentous fungus Alternaria alternata are extremely variable in response to gamma-irradiation ranging from supersensitive to highly resistant to radiation. At the same time nearly all strains originating from the highly radiation-polluted reactor of the Chernobyl (Ukraine) Nuclear Power Plant possessed high radiation resistance. The genome structure of strains studied by universally primed polymerase chain reaction (UP-PCR) was found to be well conserved in "reactor" but not in "control" strains. The "reactor" strains appear to be genetically adapted to this high radiation habitat by means of selection, thus providing a natural source of genetically homogeneous fungal lineages.