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BACKGROUND: The prevalence of both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis has been increasing among older individuals, with these two health conditions often coexisting. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the association between T2DM status and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck among older adults in the United States. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of the data from 5695 adults, 60-80 years of age. The data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, for the following years: 2005-2006, 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018. Weighted multivariable regression analyses, with subgroup analyses as appropriate, were performed to identify an association between T2DM/prediabetes status and femoral BMD and mediating factors. RESULTS: There was a significant positive association between T2DM/prediabetes status and femoral neck BMD among older women, but not men, after adjusting for body mass index (BMI). On subgroup analysis, stratified by BMI, the significant positive association was retained for T2DM women with a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 (ß, 0.030; 95% CI, 0.007-0.052) or ≥30 kg/m2 (ß, 0.029; 95% CI, 0.007-0.05), and for prediabetes women with a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 (ß, 0.016; 95% CI, 0.001-0.030). CONCLUSIONS: The association between a positive T2DM/prediabetes status and femoral neck BMD differed by sex among older individuals, with the association being further modulated by BMI. For women with a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 or ≥30 kg/m2, T2DM was associated with a significantly higher femoral neck BMD, compared to the non-diabetes group.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Estado Pré-Diabético , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Densidade Óssea , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Estado Pré-Diabético/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Colo do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Inquéritos NutricionaisRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the association between interdental cleaning and untreated root caries amongst middle-aged and older adults in the US. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2015-2016 and 2017-2018). Adults aged ≥40 years who underwent full mouth examination and root caries assessment were included. Participants were classified based on their interdental cleaning frequency as none, 1-3 d/wk, and 4-7 d/wk. Associations between interdental cleaning and untreated root caries were assessed using a weighted multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for sociodemographics, general behaviour, general health condition, oral conditions, oral health behavior, and dietary factors. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex were performed after adjusting for covariates in the logistic regression models. RESULTS: The prevalence of untreated root caries was 15.3% amongst 6217 participants. Interdental cleaning for 4-7 d/wk was a significant risk factor (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.85). It was associated with a 40% reduction in the risk of untreated root caries in participants aged 40 to 64 years and a 37% reduction in women. Untreated root caries was also significantly associated with age, family income, smoking status, root restoration, number of teeth, untreated coronal caries, and recent dental visit. CONCLUSIONS: Interdental cleaning for 4-7 d/wk was associated with fewer untreated root caries amongst middle-aged adults and women in the US. The risk of root caries increases with age. Low family income was a risk indicator for root caries amongst middle-aged adults. Additionally, smoking, root restoration, number of teeth, untreated coronal caries, and recent dental visits were common risk factors for root caries in middle-aged and older people in the US.
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Cárie Dentária , Doenças Periodontais , Cárie Radicular , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Feminino , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Idoso , Cárie Radicular/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Modelos LogísticosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The relationship between obesity and osteoporosis is complex, with contradictory findings reported. Our aim was to evaluate the association between waist circumference (WC), as an easy-to-determine clinical index of abdominal obesity, and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) among older adults, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS: Data of five NHANES cycles (2005-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018), including 5801 adults aged ≥ 60 years, were used in the analysis. Weighted multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between WC and femoral neck BMD. Weighted generalized additive models and smooth curve fitting were further performed to characterize nonlinearities in the association. RESULTS: There was a positive association between WC and femoral neck BMD in non-adjusted models. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), the association became negative. On subgroup analysis stratified by sex, this negative association only existed for men. An inverted U-shaped curve relationship between WC and femoral neck BMD was further identified, with an inflection point at a WC of 95 cm for both men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal obesity is a negative predictor of bone health among older adults, independent of BMI. The association between WC and femoral neck BMD followed an inverted U-shaped curve.
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Densidade Óssea , Obesidade Abdominal , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Obesidade Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Colo do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Obesidade/complicaçõesRESUMO
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has a significant tendency to metastasize to the bone, with severe comorbidities. Recent studies have reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in various cancer metastasis-related physiological cellular processes. However, their role in LUAD with bone metastasis (LUAD-BM) remains unknown. Methods: Bone metastasis (BM) circRNAs were identified using high-throughput sequencing and validated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Bioinformatic analyses were used to predict the potential functions of the differentially expressed circRNAs. The effects of circ_0096442 on the growth and metastasis of A549 cells were detected in a co-culture system of A549 and bone marrow-derived cells. Results: There were 598 (238 upregulated and 360 downregulated) 390 (187 upregulated and 203 downregulated) and 644 (336 upregulated and 308 downregulated) differentially expressed circRNAs between LUAD-BM and LUAD, LUAD-BM and healthy individuals, and LUAD and healthy individuals, respectively. These differentially expressed circRNAs play important roles in cellular components, biological processes, and molecular functions. Moreover, they map several pathways related to BM, including DNA repair, DNA damage, and osteoclast differentiation. The results validated by qRT-PCR for the five most dysregulated circRNAs are consistent with the sequencing data. Additionally, circ_0096442 was found to promote the growth and metastasis of LUAD in a bone microenvironment. Conclusion: Our findings provide a novel and important circRNA expression profile of LUAD-BM and suggest that circ_0096442 may be a biomarker for LUAD-BM.
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OBJECTIVES: Ultraviolet light B (UVB) irradiation can induce skin injury and result in keratinocytes proliferation inhibition. However, the molecular understanding of the repair during UVB-induced cell proliferation inhibition remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the role and potential mechanism of FGF10 in promoting keratinocytes cell cycle and proliferation after UVB injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression of FGF10 protein was analysed in skin treated with UVB radiation by immunohistochemistry. The proliferation potential was examined by Immunofluorescence, Western Blot and RT-PCR under UVB radiation, treated with FGF10 protein or overexpression of FGF10 using adeno-associated virus. CCK8 kit was used to further detect cell proliferation ability. RESULTS: We found that FGF10 is highly expressed in skin treated with UVB. Overexpression of FGF10 has a protective effect against UVB-induced skin damage by balancing epidermal thickness and enhancing epidermal keratinocytes proliferation. Importantly, FGF10 is found to alleviate UVB-induced downregulation of YAP activity, then promoting keratinocytes proliferation. Disruption of YAP function, either with the small molecule YAP inhibitor Verteporfin (VP) or YAP small-interfering RNA (siRNA), largely abolishes the protective activity of FGF10 on epidermal keratinocytes proliferation. Meanwhile, disruption of ERK kinase (MEK) activity with U0126 or ERK siRNA hinder the positive influence of FGF10 on UVB-induced skin injury. CONCLUSION: FGF10 promotes epidermal keratinocytes proliferation during UVB-induced skin injury in an ERK/YAP-dependent manner.
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Queratinócitos , Raios Ultravioleta , Fator 10 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fator 10 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/farmacologia , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Systemic sclerosis is a complex process of pathogenesis, and the contributions of inherited genes, infections, and chemicals remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase 2 (RSK2) was selectively upregulated in fibrotic skin and fibroblasts treated with the profibrotic cytokine TGF-ß. Moreover, knockout of Rsk2 specifically in skin fibroblasts or pharmacological inhibition of RSK2 attenuated skin fibrosis in a mouse model. Mechanistically, RSK2 directly interacted with glycogen synthase kinase 3ß in vivo and in vitro and thereby induced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3ß at Ser9 to inhibit ubiquitination and degradation of GLI1, which promoted fibroblast differentiation and skin fibrosis. Consequently, RSK2 plays an important role in the dermal skin of systemic sclerosis. These findings provided a potential therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis.
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Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 90-kDa , Escleroderma Sistêmico , Animais , Camundongos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibrose , Fosforilação , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 90-kDa/metabolismo , Escleroderma Sistêmico/genética , Escleroderma Sistêmico/metabolismo , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta/metabolismoRESUMO
Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is a common commensal bacterium that is closely associated with the pathogenesis of acne. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), as a favorable regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, was recently shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The role and mechanism of FGF21 in the inflammatory reactions induced by C. acnes, however, have not been determined. The present study shows that FGF21 in the dermis inhibits epidermal C. acnes-induced inflammation in a paracrine manner while it functions on the epidermal layer through a receptor complex consisting of FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) and ß-Klotho (KLB). The effects of FGF21 in heat-killed C. acnes-induced HaCaT cells and living C. acnes-injected mouse ears were examined. In the presence of C. acnes, FGF21 largely counteracted the activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), the downstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways induced by C. acnes. FGF21 also significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Taken together, these findings indicate that FGF21 suppresses C. acnes-induced inflammation and might be used clinically in the management and treatment of acne.
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Acne Vulgar , Propionibacterium acnes , Acne Vulgar/microbiologia , Animais , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Inflamação/microbiologia , CamundongosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Migration and differentiation of epidermal cells are essential for epidermal regeneration during wound healing. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays key roles in mediating a variety of biological activities. However, its role in skin wound healing remains unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Fgf21 knockout (Fgf21 KO) mice were used to determine the effect of FGF21 on wound healing. The source of FGF21 and its target cells were determined by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and ELISA assay. Moreover, Sirt1flox/flox and Atg7flox/flox mice were constructed and injected with the epidermal-specific Cre virus to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Migration and differentiation of keratinocytes were evaluated in vitro by cell scratch assays, immunofluorescence, and qRT-RCR. The effects were further assessed when SIRT1, ATG7, ATG5, BECN1, and P53 were silenced. Interactions between SIRT1 and autophagy-related genes were assessed using immunoprecipitation assays. KEY RESULTS: FGF21 was active in fibroblasts and promoted migration and differentiation of keratinocytes following injury. After wounding, SIRT1 expression and autophagosome synthesis were lower in Fgf21 KO mice. Depletion of ATG7 in keratinocytes counteracted the FGF21-induced increases in migration and differentiation, suggesting that autophagy is required for the FGF21-mediated pro-healing effects. Furthermore, epithelial-specific Sirt1 knockout abolished the FGF21-mediated improvements of autophagy and wound healing. Silencing of SIRT1 in keratinocytes, which decreased deacetylation of p53 and autophagy-related proteins, revealed that FGF21-induced autophagy during wound healing was SIRT1-dependent. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: FGF21 is a key regulator of keratinocyte migration and differentiation during wound healing. FGF21 may be a novel therapeutic target to accelerate would healing.
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Sirtuína 1 , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53 , Animais , Autofagia , Movimento Celular , Células Epidérmicas/metabolismo , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos , Queratinócitos , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Sirtuína 1/genética , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Changes in sex hormones are thought to play an important role in bone health in postmenopausal women. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the association between levels of estradiol (E2), which is the most potent endogenous estrogen, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and bone mineral density (BMD) among postmenopausal women, 40-59 years of age. METHODS: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016, we performed weighted multivariable linear regression models to evaluate the associations between serum levels of E2 and SHBG and lumbar BMD. A weighted generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were used to address potential nonlinearity. RESULTS: A total of 608 postmenopausal women were included in the analysis. The serum E2 level was positively associated with lumbar BMD, after adjusting for other covariates (ß 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38-0.93). An inverted U-shaped association between the serum E2 level and lumbar BMD was further identified, with the point of inflection at an E2 level of 70 pg/mL. There was no significant association between the SHBG level and lumbar BMD (ß 0.01; 95% CI - 0.30 to 0.31). However, the association between these two variables was U-shaped, with the point of inflection at an SHBG level of 65 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, it may be beneficial to appropriately increase serum E2 levels to promote bone health in postmenopausal women with low estrogen levels. Considering the inverted U-shaped association, an excessive E2 level may be harmful to BMD. In addition, increasing the SHBG level to within the normal range (65-144 nmol/L) may be considered.
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Densidade Óssea , Adulto , Estradiol , Estrogênios , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Pós-Menopausa , Globulina de Ligação a Hormônio SexualRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The organ toxicities of lead and cadmium have been extensively studied; however, studies of their toxic effects on bone remain limited, especially in young adults. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of blood lead levels (BLL) and blood cadmium levels (BCL) with bone mineral density (BMD) among young adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018 database. Because of the skewed distribution, BLL and BCL were Ln-transformed for analysis. Weighted multivariate regressions were performed to evaluate the associations between LnBLL and LnBCL and lumbar BMD. Subgroup analyses were further performed. RESULTS: A total of 3234 participants aged 20-35 years were included in this study. No significant association between LnBLL and lumbar BMD was found (ß = - 5.6, 95%CI: - 13.5-2.3). However, in the subgroup analysis stratified by sex, this association became negative in women (ß = - 18.2, 95%CI: - 29.9- - 6.4). Moreover, this negative association was more prominent in female blacks (ß = - 35.5, 95%CI: - 63.4- - 7.6). On the other hand, a negative association between LnBCL and lumbar BMD was found (ß = - 7.4, 95%CI: - 14.0- - 0.8). In the subgroup analysis stratified by sex, this negative association only existed in women (ß = - 18.7, 95%CI: - 28.0- - 9.5). Moreover, this negative association was more prominent in female whites (ß = - 31.1, 95%CI: - 46.2- - 16.1). CONCLUSIONS: Our finding showed that both BLL and BCL were independently and negatively associated with lumbar BMD among young females, but not among young males.
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BACKGROUND: It is reported that osteoporosis commonly occurs among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), whereas the association between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial. Our aim in this study was to investigate the association between BMD, as a marker of osteoporosis, and OA and RA among adults 20-59 years of age, using a population-based sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: Our analysis was based on the NHANES data collected between 2011 and 2018. Data regarding arthritis status and the type of arthritis (OA or RA) were obtained from questionnaires. Lumbar BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The association between OA, RA, and lumbar BMD was evaluated using logistic regression models. Subgroup analyses, stratified by gender and race, were performed. The association between duration of arthritis and lumbar BMD was also investigated. RESULTS: A total of 11,094 adults were included in our study. Compared to the non-arthritis group, participants with OA had a higher lumbar BMD (ß = 0.023, 95% CI 0.011-0.035), with no significant association between lumbar BMD and RA (ß = 0.014, 95% CI - 0.003 to 0.031). On subgroup analyses stratified by gender, males with OA had a higher lumbar BMD compared to those without OA (ß = 0.047, 95% CI 0.028-0.066). In females, OA was not associated with lumbar BMD (ß = 0.007, 95% CI - 0.008 to 0.021). There was no association between lumbar BMD and RA in both males (ß = 0.023, 95% CI - 0.003 to 0.048) and females (ß = 0.008, 95% CI - 0.015 to 0.031). Duration of arthritis was not associated with lumbar BMD for both OA (ß = - 0.0001, 95% CI - 0.0017 to 0.0015) and RA (ß = 0.0006, 95% CI - 0.0012 to 0.0025). CONCLUSIONS: Lumbar BMD was associated with OA but not with RA. While a higher lumbar BMD was associated with OA in males, but not in females. Our findings may improve our understanding between OA, RA, and bone health.
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Artrite Reumatoide/metabolismo , Densidade Óssea , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Absorciometria de Fóton , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Biomarcadores , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Vértebras Lombares/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose/diagnóstico , Caracteres Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication of liver surgery and transplantation. IRI leads to hepatic parenchymal cell death, resulting in liver failure, and lacks effective therapeutic approaches. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is a paracrine factor which is well-characterized with respect to its pro-proliferative effects during embryonic liver development and liver regeneration, but its role in hepatic IRI remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of FGF10 in liver IRI and identified signaling pathways regulated by FGF10. In a mouse model of warm liver IRI, FGF10 was highly expressed during the reperfusion phase. In vitro experiments demonstrated that FGF10 was primarily secreted by hepatic stellate cells and acted on hepatocytes. The role of FGF10 in liver IRI was further examined using adeno-associated virus-mediated gene silencing and overexpression. Overexpression of FGF10 alleviated liver dysfunction, reduced necrosis and inflammation, and protected hepatocytes from apoptosis in the early acute injury phase of IRI. Furthermore, in the late phase of IRI, FGF10 overexpression also promoted hepatocyte proliferation. Meanwhile, gene silencing of FGF10 had the opposite effect. Further studies revealed that overexpression of FGF10 activated nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and decreased oxidative stress, mainly through activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT pathway, and the protective effects of FGF10 overexpression were largely abrogated in NRF2 knockout mice. These results demonstrate the protective effects of FGF10 in liver IRI, and reveal the important role of NRF2 in FGF10-mediated hepatic protection during IRI.
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Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Animais , Apoptose , Fator 10 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos , Hepatócitos , Fígado , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults aged 60-85 years. METHODS: A total of 1124 men (mean age, 69.1 years) and 1203 women (mean age, 70.7 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Independent variables were serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (sBAP) and urinary N-telopeptide (uNTx), which are biomarkers of bone formation and resorption, respectively. Outcome variable was lumbar BMD. The associations of sBAP and uNTx levels with lumbar BMD was examined using multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS: sBAP was negatively associated with lumbar BMD in each multivariable linear regression model, and this negative association was stable in both men and women men (men: ß = -0.0028, 95% CI: -0.0046 to -0.0010; women: ß = -0.0039, 95% CI: -0.0054 to -0.0023). On the other hand, uNTx was negatively associated with lumbar BMD after adjustment of relevant covariables (ß = -0.0328, 95% CI: -0.0523 to -0.0133). However, in the subgroup analysis stratified by gender, this negative association remained only in older women (ß = -0.0491, 95% CI: -0.0751 to -0.0231). CONCLUSION: Our study suggested that elevated sBAP and uNTX levels correlated with decreased lumbar BMD, especially in older women. This finding indicated that maintaining BTMs at low levels may be beneficial to bone health for older adults.
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Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Densidade Óssea , Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Colágeno Tipo I/urina , Peptídeos/urina , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biomarcadores/urina , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
This study evaluated whether the type of anesthesia independently related to risk of blood transfusion events in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after adjusting for other covariates. This was a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA in Singapore. The independent variable was the type of anesthesia and the dependent variable was blood transfusion events. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for variables that might affect the choice of anesthesia or blood transfusion events. Additional analyses examined this association by the subgroup analysis by using stratified multivariate logistic regression models. Of all 2,366 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA, 120 (5.1%) developed blood transfusion events. Sixty-four (4.1%) of 1,560 patients with regional anesthesia (RA) developed blood transfusion events, compared with 56 (6.9%) of 806 patients with general anesthesia (GA; (p = 0.003). After adjusting for age, sex, preoperative hemoglobin, and other variables, patients who received RA had a decreased risk of blood transfusion events compared with those receiving GA (odds ratio [OR]: 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.81). This risk further decreased in male (OR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.07-0.59) and participants whose operation time ≥ 90 minutes (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19-0.78). Our results indicated that patients receiving primary unilateral TKA who were managed with RA had a significantly decreased risk of blood transfusion events compared with those with GA, especially in male and participants whose operation time ≥ 90 minutes.
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Artroplastia do Joelho , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Transfusão de Sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Singapura/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Abstract Backgrounds: It is important to improve our understanding of the roles of calcium and vitamin D in bone health for preventing osteoporosis. We aimed at exploring the associations between serum calcium, vitamin D level, and bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 - 2006. Methods: Weighted multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of serum calcium, 25(OH)D level with total BMD. Smooth curve fitting was used to explore the potential non-linear relationship. Results: A total of 5990 individuals aged between 12 and 19 years were included in this study. The fully-adjusted model showed serum calcium positively correlated with total BMD. However, an inverted U-shaped relationship was found when we performed the smooth curve fitting method, and the inflection point was calculated at 9.6 mg/dL using the two-piecewise linear regression model. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D and total BMD after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusions: The present study revealed a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and total BMD, and an inverted U-shaped relationship between serum calcium and total BMD.(AU)
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Humanos , Adolescente , Vitamina D/análise , Densidade Óssea , Cálcio/análise , Modelos Lineares , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Análise MultivariadaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Growing evidence indicates that homocysteine is a noteworthy marker for general health status. However, research regarding plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) is sparse and controversial. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma tHcy level within normal range and lumbar BMD in adults. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, data on 10748 adults aged between 30 and 85 years were analyzed. The weighted multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between plasma tHcy level and lumbar BMD. The fitted smoothing curves were performed to explore potential non-linear relationships. When non-linearity was detected, we further calculated the inflection point using a recursive algorithm and constructed a weighted two-piecewise linear regression model. RESULTS: After adjusting for all the covariates, the association between plasma tHcy and lumbar BMD was different in various age groups (adults aged 30-49 years: ß = -0.0004, 95% CI -0.0025, 0.0018; adults aged 50-69 years: ß = 0.0001, 95% CI -0.0025, 0.0026; adults aged 70-85 years: ß = 0.0050, 95% CI 0.0008, 0.0092). In the subgroup analysis stratified by gender, this association also differed based on gender. There was a negative trend in females (aged 30-49 years: ß = -0.0022, 95% CI -0.0054, 0.0011; aged 50-69 years: ß = -0.0028, 95% CI -0.0062, 0.0007), and a positive trend in males (aged 30-49 years: ß = 0.0018, 95% CI -0.0012, 0.0048; aged 50-69 years: ß = 0.0027, 95% CI -0.0009, 0.0063) in both 30-49 years group and 50-69 years group. In the 70-85 years group, this association was significantly positive in males (ß = 0.0136, 95% CI 0.0068, 0.0204), but was not significantly different in females (ß = 0.0007, 95% CI -0.0046, 0.0060). CONCLUSION: The correlation between plasma tHcy level within the normal range and lumbar BMD differs by age and gender.
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Densidade Óssea , Nível de Saúde , Homocisteína/sangue , Vértebras Lombares/fisiologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Bases de Dados como Assunto , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Valores de Referência , Caracteres SexuaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A growing number of studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers in many diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) has not been reported. METHODS: Secondary sequencing was performed to profile circRNA expression in peripheral blood samples from three SONFH patients and three healthy individuals. We confirmed our preliminary findings by qRT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict their functions. RESULTS: The result showed 345 dysregulated circRNAs. qRT-PCR of eight selected circRNAs preliminarily confirmed the results, which were consistent with RNA sequencing. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to predict the functions of circRNAs to target the genes of miRNAs and the networks of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a new and fundamental circRNA profile of SONFH and a theoretical basis for further studies on the functions of circRNAs in SONFH.
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Biomarcadores/análise , Cabeça do Fêmur/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Osteonecrose/genética , RNA Circular/genética , Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cabeça do Fêmur/efeitos dos fármacos , Cabeça do Fêmur/patologia , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Osteonecrose/induzido quimicamente , Osteonecrose/patologia , PrognósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Calcium and vitamin D play important roles in bone health as essential nutrients. We explored whether serum calcium, 25(OH)D were associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 4595 participants (2281 men and 2314 women) aged ≥ 50 years (from 50 to 85 years, 60.1 ± 8.7 years for men and 62.0 ± 9.7 years for women) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2006. The independent variables were serum calcium and 25(OH)D. The dependent variable was lumbar BMD. The other variables were considered potential effect modifiers. We performed weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings to evaluate the associations between them. Subgroup analyses were also performed. RESULTS: We observed a negative association between serum calcium and lumbar BMD in the fully adjusted model. In the subgroup analyses, this association was no longer significant among males and other race/ethnicity. On the other hand, there was a positive association between serum 25(OH)D and lumbar BMD in the fully adjusted model. In the subgroup analyses, this association did not differ in different age groups, between men and women. However, the association between serum 25(OH)D and lumbar BMD followed a U-shaped curve in Mexican Americans. CONCLUSIONS: This cross-sectional study indicated that serum calcium negatively correlated with lumbar BMD, and serum 25(OH)D positively correlated with lumbar BMD in older adults. However, the association between serum calcium and lumbar BMD in males followed a U-shaped curve.