RESUMO
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients with severe complications present comorbidities like cardiovascular-disease, hypertension and type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM), sharing metabolic alterations like insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia. Our objective was to evaluate the association among different components of the lipid-lipoprotein profile, such as remnant lipoprotein (RLP)-cholesterol, in patients with COVID-19, and to analyze their associations with the severity of the disease and death. We studied 193 patients (68 (29-96) years; 49.7% male) hospitalized for COVID-19 and 200 controls (46 (18-79) years; 52.5% male). Lipoprotein profile, glucose and procalcitonin were assessed. Patients presented higher glucose, TG, TG/HDL-cholesterol and RLP-cholesterol levels, but lower total, LDL, HDL and no-HDL-cholesterol levels (p < 0.001). When a binary logistic regression was performed, age, non-HDL-cholesterol, and RLP-cholesterol were associated with death (p = 0.005). As the COVID-19 condition worsened, according to procalcitonin tertiles, a decrease in all the cholesterol fractions (p < 0.03) was observed with no differences in TG, while levels of RLP-cholesterol and TG/HDL-cholesterol increased (p < 0.001). Lower levels of all the cholesterol fractions were related with the presence and severity of COVID-19, except for RLP-cholesterol levels and TG/HDL-cholesterol index. These alterations indicate a lipid metabolic disorder, characteristic of IR states in COVID-19 patients. RLP-cholesterol levels predicted severity and death in these patients.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Colesterol , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Colesterol/sangue , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , COVID-19/mortalidade , COVID-19/fisiopatologia , Glucose , Lipoproteínas/sangue , Pró-Calcitonina/sangue , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
El certificado médico de defunción (CMD) es la fuente de las estadísticas de causas de muerte en nuestro país. La falta de precisión de los datos que allí se registran afecta al análisis de las estadísticas de mortalidad y al diseño de políticas sanitarias basadas en dicho examen. La calidad de la información sobre causas de muerte se verá más o menos comprometida en la medida que el médico realice el registro de las causas de muerte acorde a los estándares establecidos por las autoridades sanitarias. La pandemia por COVID 19 ha resaltado la importancia de generar estadísticas confiables en salud, al mismo tiempo que la elaboración de esa información se ha visto afectada por diversos motivos. Se analizó la calidad del registro de causas de fallecimiento de pacientes con COVID 19 en el Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín". Se revisaron 488 certificados médicos de defunción (CMD) correspondientes a todos los fallecidos en el Hospital de Clínicas entre 13/04/2020 al 10/09/2020 (n: 373) y desde el 07/05/2021 al 08/06/2021 (n: 115). De todos ellos, 127 CMD informaban en al menos una de sus causas a la COVID 19 (códigos U.7 y siguientes del CIE 10). Hubo un 74,02% (n: 94) de causas de muerte "poco útiles" entre las causas inmediatas, 18,9% (n:24) entre las mediatas y 0% (n:0) en las originales. c) Se registró en forma completa el intervalo entre la enfermedad y la muerte en el 4,72% (n:6); y se registró la Causa Contribuyente (parte 2 del CMD) en un 11,02% (n: 14). La calidad de los registros de mortalidad por COVID 19 está comprometida. Se observó una alta proporción de "causas poco útiles" como registro en las causas de fallecimiento, y un déficit en el llenado del intervalo entre la enfermedad y la muerte, y en la causa contribuyente del fallecimiento. Debemos trabajar en todos los niveles para contribuir al mejoramiento de la certificación de las defunciones y por ende, a la obtención de estadísticas de mortalidad y de causas de muerte más precisas, que apoyen la evaluación de políticas públicas y la toma de decisiones acertadas en pro de la salud de la población.
The medical death certificate (CMD) is the source of the statistics of causes of death in our country. The lack of precision of the data recorded there affects the analysis of mortality statistics and the design of health policies based on said examination. The quality of the information on causes of death will be more or less compromised to the extent that the physician registers the causes of death in accordance with the standards established by the health authorities. The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of generating reliable health statistics, at the same time that the preparation of this information has been affected for various reasons. The quality of the registry of causes of death of patients with COVID 19 at the Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín" was analyzed. We reviewed 488 medical death certificates (CMD) corresponding to all those who died at the Hospital de Clínicas between 04/13/2020 and 09/10/2020 (n: 373) and from 05/07/2021 to 06/08/ 2021 (no.: 115). Of all of them, 127 CMDs reported COVID 19 in at least one of their causes (ICD 10 codes U.7 and following). There were 74.02% (n: 94) of "not very useful" causes of death among the immediate causes, 18.9% (n: 24) among the mediate ones, and 0% (n: 0) in the original ones. c) The interval between illness and death was fully recorded in 4.72% (n:6); and the Contributing Cause (part 2 of the CMD) was registered in 11.02% (n: 14). The quality of COVID 19 mortality records is compromised. A high proportion of "unhelpful causes" was observed as a registry in the causes of death, and a deficit in filling the interval between illness and death, and in the contributing cause of death. We must work at all levels to contribute to improving the certification of deaths and, therefore, to obtaining more accurate mortality statistics and causes of death, which support the evaluation of public policies and the making of sound decisions in favor of the population health.
Assuntos
Atestado de Óbito , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais/estatística & dados numéricos , Causas de Morte , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Confiabilidade dos Dados , COVID-19/mortalidadeRESUMO
Resumen La vida y obra del literato Horacio Quiroga ha estado signada por venenos en varias oportunidades. Profundo conocedor de la selva misionera, plasmó en sus personajes el conocimiento de ponzoñas y venenos que poseía su flora y su fauna. En cuanto a su vida personal y la de sus familiares, el veneno estuvo presente hasta sus últimos días. Se describen en este trabajo tanto los venenos detallados en su obra como también el desenlace de su suicidio con cianuro de potasio.
Abstract The life and the work of the writer Horacio Quiroga has been marked by poisons and venoms on several occasions. Connoisseur of the flora and fauna of the Misiones jungle, he reflected in his characters the knowledge of poisons and venoms that he possessed. As for his personal life and that of his family, the poison was present until his last days. Both the poisons and venoms detailed in his work as well as the outcome of his suicide with potassium cyanide are detailed in this work.