[Complications and mortality after radical nephrectomy in a low-volume hospital.] / Complicaciones y mortalidad tras nefrectomía radical en un hospital de bajo volumen quirúrgico.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the complications and 30-day mortality rates following open radical nephrectomy and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy using the Clavien-Dindo classification system in a low-volume hospital. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 263 patients who underwent open or laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (1996-2016) in our local district general hospital. Postoperative complications and 30- day mortalities were evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo classification. The predictors of postoperative complications were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We found that, compared to open radical nephrectomy, laparoscopic resulted in a significantly longer operative time (112.6±41 vs 199.3±61 minutes, p <  0.01) and a shorter hospital stay (8.5±2.4 vs 5.7±3 days, p < 0.001). The most common complications were bleeding or hematoma (4.9%) and problems associated with the wound (4.5%). There were no significant differences between the ORN and LRN groups in terms of complications based on the Clavien-Dindo classification. On multivariate analysis, a longer operative time (Odds Ratio, 1.009; 95% confidence interval, 1.002- 1.015; p = 0.010) and higher body mass index (Odds Ratio, 0.898; 95% confidence interval, 0.822-0.981; p = 0.017) were found to be significant predictors of complications after nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that complication and 30-day mortality rates were low. There was a greater number of low-grade complications, and there were no significant differences in these rates between open and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. A longer operative time and a higher BMI were predictors of possible complications. We provide additional evidence to support the feasibility of performing open or laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in low-volume hospitals.

OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la tasa de complicaciónes y mortalidad a 30 días después de nefrectomía radical abierta o laparoscópica utilizando el sistema de clasificación Clavien-Dindo en un hospital de bajo volumen quirúrgico.MÉTODOS: Realizamos un análisis retrospectivo de 263 pacientes a los que se les practicó nefrectomía radical laparoscópica o abierta (1996-2016). Las complicaciones postoperatorias y la mortalidad a 30 días fueron evaluadas utilizando la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo. Analizamos los factores predictores de complicaciones postoperatorias mediante análisis multivariado con regresión logística. RESULTADOS: Comparado a la nefrectomía abierta, la nefrectomía radical laparoscópica resultó en un mayor tiempo quirúrgico (112,6±41 vs 199,3±61 minutos, p < 0,01) y una menor estancia hospitalaria (8,5±2,4 vs 5,7±3 días, p <  0,001). Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron sangrado o hematoma (4,9%) y problemas asociados a la herida (4,5%). No hubo diferencias significativas entre cirugía abierta o laparoscópica evaluando las complicaciones mediante la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo. En el análisis multivariado, un tiempo quirúrgico prolongado (Odds Ratio, 1.009; 95% intervalo de confianza, 1.002-1.015; p = 0,010) y un mayor índice de masa corporal (Odds Ratio, 0,898; 95% intervalo de confianza, 0,822-0,981; p = 0,017) fueron predictores significativos de complicaciones. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestro estudio muestra que la tasa de complicaciones y mortalidad a 30 días fueron bajas, con un mayor número de complicaciones de bajo grado y sin diferencias significativas entre cirugía abierta o laparoscópica. Un tiempo quirúrgico prolongado y mayor índice de masa corporal fueron predictores de posibles complicaciones. Aportamos evidencia adicional apoyando la realización de nefrectomía radical laparoscópica o abierta en hospitales de bajo volumen quirúrgico.

Assessment of the urodynamic diagnosis in patients with urinary incontinence associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus.

AIMS: To assess the urodynamic patterns present in patients with adult normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) in our institution. METHODS: Retrospectively conducted study on patients diagnosed with NPH by the Neurosurgery Department of our institution, without etiological treatment or urogynecological disorders, who underwent an urodynamic study (UDS) performed according to methods proposed by the International Society of Continence (ICS). Clinical information, complementary tests and UDS were collected, and descriptive analysis was performed, with special focus in urodynamic final diagnosis. RESULTS: Eighty-one UDS performed between 2003 and 2013. Fifty-one Males (63%). Mean age: 74.89 ± 8.58 years old (range 52-88 years). Classical triad of symptoms: gait disturbance, dementia, and urinary incontinence (UI) presented in 48.1%. Urinary urgency in 80.9% and UI in 70%. In two cases (2.5%) UDS was not valuable. Urodynamic features of the 79 remaining studies revealed overactive detrusor (OD) in 56 patients (70.9%), being associated with Stress UI (SUI) in one case and with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in 19. SUI in six patients (7.6%) and BOO in five (6.3%). Detrusor underactivity in four cases (5%) and normal study in eight (10.1%). About 47.1% of males presented BOO. Cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery was performed on 32 patients during follow-up, with subsequent clinical improvement in 90.6% of them. CONCLUSIONS: OD was the most frequent diagnosis within UDS conducted on adult NPH patients in our institution, with BOO in an elevated percentage of them. Etiological treatment led to symptomatic improvement in most of patients.

Testicular reconstruction after testicular rupture and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To report a clinical case of testicular rupture and review of the literature published. METHOD: A 15 years old male with a testicular rupture after a sports injury was diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: Surgical exploration was performed and the tear was repaired. He had a benign postoperative course. The patient presents a normal size testicle after a year of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Testicular rupture is an uncommon but important entity that may occur. It is essential early diagnosis and e management to avoid orchiectomy.

[Testicular seminoma in a patient with Kartagener's syndrome]. / Seminoma en paciente con Síndrome de Kartagener.

OBJECTIVE: To present the association between Seminoma and Kartagener's Syndrome (KS), and its relation with infertility. METHODS: We report one case of Seminoma in a patient with Kartagener's Syndrome, focussing on the possible relation between both pathologies and fertility. Bibliographic references are discussed. RESULTS: Orchyectomy was performed on a patient with Kartagener's Syndrome and testicular tumour. The pathology result was Seminoma. Azoospermia was obtained twice in the post operative espermiogram, not being easy to establish the implication of each pathology (KS or Seminoma) in infertility. CONCLUSIONS: A patient with KS and Seminoma plus azoospermia is reported, with a great outcome from the oncological point of view. Bibliographic references are described. The association between KS and Seminoma is exceptional in the literature.