II Brazilian Society of Rheumatology consensus for lupus nephritis diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To develop the second evidence-based Brazilian Society of Rheumatology consensus for diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS: Two methodologists and 20 rheumatologists from Lupus Comittee of Brazilian Society of Rheumatology participate in the development of this guideline. Fourteen PICO questions were defined and a systematic review was performed. Eligible randomized controlled trials were analyzed regarding complete renal remission, partial renal remission, serum creatinine, proteinuria, serum creatinine doubling, progression to end-stage renal disease, renal relapse, and severe adverse events (infections and mortality). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to develop these recommendations. Recommendations required ≥82% of agreement among the voting members and were classified as strongly in favor, weakly in favor, conditional, weakly against or strongly against a particular intervention. Other aspects of LN management (diagnosis, general principles of treatment, treatment of comorbidities and refractory cases) were evaluated through literature review and expert opinion. RESULTS: All SLE patients should undergo creatinine and urinalysis tests to assess renal involvement. Kidney biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosing LN but, if it is not available or there is a contraindication to the procedure, therapeutic decisions should be based on clinical and laboratory parameters. Fourteen recommendations were developed. Target Renal response (TRR) was defined as improvement or maintenance of renal function (±10% at baseline of treatment) combined with a decrease in 24-h proteinuria or 24-h UPCR of 25% at 3 months, a decrease of 50% at 6 months, and proteinuria < 0.8 g/24 h at 12 months. Hydroxychloroquine should be prescribed to all SLE patients, except in cases of contraindication. Glucocorticoids should be used at the lowest dose and for the minimal necessary period. In class III or IV (±V), mycophenolate (MMF), cyclophosphamide, MMF plus tacrolimus (TAC), MMF plus belimumab or TAC can be used as induction therapy. For maintenance therapy, MMF or azathioprine (AZA) are the first choice and TAC or cyclosporin or leflunomide can be used in patients who cannot use MMF or AZA. Rituximab can be prescribed in cases of refractory disease. In cases of failure in achieving TRR, it is important to assess adherence, immunosuppressant dosage, adjuvant therapy, comorbidities, and consider biopsy/rebiopsy. CONCLUSION: This consensus provides evidence-based data to guide LN diagnosis and treatment, supporting the development of public and supplementary health policies in Brazil.

Position statement of the Brazilian society of Rheumatology on mesna use as a preventive therapy for bladder disease in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases and systemic vasculitis under cyclophosphamide treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To review current literature to support the use of mesna as a preventive therapy for hemorrhagic cystitis and bladder cancer in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases and systemic vasculitis treated with cyclophosphamide. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search for articles was conducted systematically through MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. Only articles in English were selected. For available records, titles and abstracts were selected independently by two investigators. RESULTS: Eighteen studies were selected for analysis. The known adverse effects of cyclophosphamide were hematological toxicity, infections, gonadal toxicity, teratogenicity, increased risk for malignancy and hemorrhagic cystitis. Long-term toxicity was highly dependent on cyclophosphamide cumulative dose. The risk of bladder cancer is especially higher in long-term exposure and with cumulative doses above 36 g. The risk remains high for years after drug discontinuation. Hemorrhagic cystitis is highly correlated with cumulative dose and its incidence ranges between 12 and 41%, but it seems to be lower with new regimens with reduced cyclophosphamide dose. No randomized controlled trials were found to analyze the use of mesna in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases and systemic vasculitis. Retrospective studies yielded conflicting results. Uncontrolled prospective studies with positive results were considered at high risk of bias. No evidence was found to support the use of mesna during the treatment with cyclophosphamide for autoimmune diseases or systemic vasculitis to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis and bladder cancer. In the scenarios of high cumulative cyclophosphamide dose (i.e., > 30 g), patients with restricted fluid intake, neurogenic bladder, therapy with oral anticoagulants, and chronic kidney disease, mesna could be considered. CONCLUSION: The current evidence was found to be insufficient to support the routine use of mesna for the prophylaxis of hemorrhagic cystitis and bladder cancer in patients being treated for systemic autoimmune diseases and systemic vasculitis with cyclophosphamide. The use may be considered for selected cases.

BRAF p.V600E Mutational Status Does Not Correlate with Biological Behavior in Conventional Ameloblastomas: A Disease-Free Survival Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dysregulation of the MAPK pathway appears to exert a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ameloblastomas, since BRAF p.V600E has been reported in over 65% of the tumors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the BRAF p.V600E is related to biological behavior and disease-free survival in patients with conventional ameloblastomas. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study based on the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) recommendations. The study population consisted of individuals treated for conventional ameloblastomas. Clinical, imaging, histomorphological, immunohistochemical (Ki67 and CD138/syndecan-1), and molecular BRAF p.V600E mutation analyses were performed. Bivariate statistical analysis was performed through chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to identify predictors of disease-free survival, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Forty-one individuals were included, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.15:1. BRAF p.V600E mutation was identified in 75.6% of the tumors. No association between the BRAF mutational status and other clinical, imaging, histomorphological, and immunohistochemical variables was observed. Only the initial treatment modality was significantly associated with a better prognosis in univariate (p = 0.008) and multivariate (p = 0.030) analyses, with a hazard ratio of 9.60 (95%IC = 1.24-73.89), favoring radical treatment. CONCLUSION: BRAF p.V600E mutation emerges as a prevalent molecular aberration in ameloblastomas. Nevertheless, it does not seem to significantly affect the tumor proliferative activity, CD138/syndecan-1-mediated cell adhesion, or disease-free survival outcomes.

It was not possible to detect BRAF V600E mutation in circulating cell-free DNA from patients with ameloblastoma: A diagnostic accuracy study.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of plasma-based liquid biopsy for the detection of the BRAF V600E mutation in circulating cell-free DNA from patients with ameloblastoma. METHODS: This is a prospective diagnostic accuracy study conducted based on the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy recommendations. The index test was the plasma-based liquid biopsy, whereas the reference standard was the conventional tissue biopsy. The target condition was the detection of BRAF V600E mutation. The study population consisted of individuals with ameloblastoma recruited from three tertiary hospitals from Brazil. A negative control group composed of three individuals with confirmed wild-type BRAF lesions were included. The participants underwent plasma circulating cell-free DNA and tumor tissue DNA isolation, and both were submitted to using competitive allele-specific TaqMan™ real-time polymerase chain reaction technology mutation detection assays. Sensitivity and specificity measures and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. RESULTS: Twelve patients with conventional ameloblastoma were included. BRAF V600E mutation was detected in 11/12 (91.66%) ameloblastoma tissue samples. However, the mutation was not detected in any of the plasma-based liquid biopsy circulating cell-free DNA samples in both ameloblastomas and negative control group. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma-based liquid biopsy for the detection of the BRAF V600E mutation in circulating cell-free DNA was 0.0 and 1.0, respectively. The agreement between index test and reference standard results was 26.66%. CONCLUSION: Plasma-based liquid biopsy does not seem to be an accurate method for the detection of the BRAF V600E mutation in circulating circulating cell-free DNA from patients with ameloblastoma, regardless of tumor size, anatomic location, recurrence status, and other clinicopathological features.

Temporomandibular joint disorders in skeletal class II patients referred to orthognathic surgery: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in subjects with skeletal class II dentofacial deformity referred for orthognathic surgery, as well as to elucidate its association with sociodemographic and psychosocial features. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The sample comprised class II skeletal patients referred to an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery center in the Brazilian Northeast. RESULTS: Seventy-three subjects were enrolled and completed the data collection, which consisted of a physical examination according to Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and facial analysis. Women represented 82.2% of the sample. Among the assessed subjects, 68.5% were already undergoing orthodontic treatment, and the mean overjet of patients was 6.97 mm. The prevalence of TMD in this sample was 46.6%, with muscular disorders being the most common. Patients with an anteroposterior discrepancy greater than 7 mm showed a higher occurrence of TMD (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of TMD in skeletal class II patients referred for orthognathic surgery, especially in those with a pronounced overjet, being Group I (muscular disorders) and Group III (degenerative disorders) the most prevalent.

Chitosan-based films filled with nanoencapsulated essential oil: Physical-chemical characterization and enhanced wound healing activity.

The economic burden of chronic wounds, the complexity of the process of tissue repair and the possibility of resistant bacterial infections, have triggered a significant research interest in the application of natural alternative therapies for wound healing. Biomolecules are intrinsically multi-active, as they affect multiple mechanisms involved in tissue repair phenomenon, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, cell proliferation, extra cellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Chitosan features a unique combination of attributes, including intrinsic hemostatic, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties, that make it an exceptional candidate for wound management, in the development of wound dressings and scaffolds. In this study, we produced nanoemulsions (NE) loaded with SFO, characterized them, and evaluated their tissue repairing properties. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis confirmed the formation of a nanoemulsion with a droplet size of 21.12 ± 2.31 nm and a polydispersity index (PdI) of 0.159, indicating good stability for up to 90 days. To investigate the potential wound healing effects, SFO-loaded NE were applied on male C57BL/6 mice for seven consecutive days, producing a significantly higher wound closure efficiency (p < 0.05) for the group treated with SFO-loaded NE compared to the control group treated with the saline solution. This finding indicates that the SFO-loaded NE exhibits therapeutic properties that effectively promote wound healing in this experimental model. Then, SFO-loaded NE were incorporated into chitosan:polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based films. The inclusion of NE into the polymer matrix resulted in increased lipophilicity reflected by the contact angle results, while decreasing moisture absorption, water solubility, and crystallinity. Moreover, FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of new bonds between SFO-NE and the film matrix, which also impacted on porosity properties. Thermal analysis indicated a decrease in the glass transition temperature of the films due to the presence of SFO-NE, suggesting a plasticizing role of NE, confirmed by XRD results, that showed a decrease in the crystallinity of the blend films upon the addition of SFO-NE. AFM images showed no evidence of NE droplet aggregation in the Chitosan:PVA film matrix. Moisture absorption and water content decreased upon incorporation of SFO-loaded NE. Although the inclusion of NE increased hydrophobicity and water contact angle, the values remained within an acceptable range for wound healing applications. Overall, our results emphasize the significant tissue repairing properties of SFO-loaded NE and the potential of Chitosan:PVA films containing nanoencapsulated SFO as effective formulations for wound healing with notable tissue repairing properties.

Aleitamento materno e o processo de adaptação no contexto familiar: abordagem qualitativa / Breastfeeding and the adjustment process in the family context: a qualitative approach

OBJETIVO: Compreender a adaptação das mulheres ao processo de amamentação e o apoio familiar e dos serviços de saúde. MÉTODO: Estudo qualitativo fundamentado no referencial metodológico da Etnoenfermagem, conforme a Teoria de Enfermagem Transcultural de Leininger. Foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. RESULTADOS: Evidenciaram-se três categorias temáticas: "Enfrentando algo inesperado, mutável e desafiador"; "Convivendo com dúvidas, incertezas e desorientação" e "Identificando fontes de apoio para a manutenção da amamentação". CONCLUSÃO: O processo de adaptação do aleitamento materno é permeado por dúvidas, incertezas e desafios. As mulheres apoiam-se em suas experiências prévias e na cultura familiar e sofrem influência direta destas. O papel da atenção básica é essencial nesse contexto.

OBJECTIVE: To understand women's adaptation to the breastfeeding process and the support provided by family and health services. METHOD: A qualitative study based on the methodological framework of Ethnonursing, following Leininger's Transcultural Nursing Theory. A semi-structured interview guide was used. RESULTS: Three thematic categories were identified: "Facing something unexpected, changing, and challenging"; "Dealing with doubts, uncertainties, and disorientation"; and "Identifying sources of support for breastfeeding maintenance". CONCLUSION: The breastfeeding adjustment process has doubts, uncertainties, and challenges. Women rely on and are directly influenced by their past experiences and family culture. The role of primary health care is crucial in this context.

Competências para a produção do cuidado integral: análise dos processos avaliativos no internato de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense / Competencias para la producción de cuidados integrales: análisis de los procesos de evaluación en el internado de Medicina de la Universidad Federal Fluminense / Competencies for the production of comprehensive health care: analysis of the assessment processes in Medicine Internship at Fluminense Federal University

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a priorização e valorização de competências para a produção do cuidado integral no internato obrigatório (IO) da faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense. O percurso metodológico contou com análise documental das competências para o IO e suas formas de avaliação, seguido de entrevistas remotas com docentes. A análise de conteúdo categorizou unidades temáticas de acordo com o momento da produção do cuidado integral no encontro com o paciente e nos demais encontros ocorridos para além deste. Foram evidenciadas priorização e valorização da integração de habilidades de comunicação e de técnicas semióticas; e raciocínio clínico com atitudes éticas e humanísticas e de competências relacionadas ao trabalho em equipe; participação em espaços coletivos de discussão; gestão do cuidado; abordagem comunitária; e processo de produção do conhecimento baseado nos signos do "ser médico(a)".

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la priorización y valorización de las competencias para la producción de cuidados integrales en el Internado Obligatorio de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Federal Fluminense. La metodologia incluye análisis documental y entrevistas con profesores. El análisis de contenido fue categorizado en unidades temáticas según el momento de producción de la atención integral: en el encuentro y en los encuentros necessários a partir de este encuentro com el paciente. Em el encuentro, se priorizó la integración de habilidades comunicativas y técnicas semióticas y de razonamiento clínico con actitudes éticas y humanísticas, y en los demás encuentros, las habilidades relacionadas con el trabajo en equipo, participación en espacios colectivos de discusión, gestión del cuidado, enfoque comunitario, además del propio proceso de producción de conocimiento, todos basado en la idea de lo que significa ser médico.

The objective of this study is to analyze the prioritization and valorization of competences within the production of comprehensive care at Mandatory Internship at the Faculty of Medicine at Fluminense Federal University. The methologic included analysis of the documents that contained the competencies and its forms of assessment at the Mandatory Internship, and remote interviews with professors. The analysis of the content was categorized into thematic units according to the moment of the production of comprehensive care: in the encounter with patient and beyond others encounters needed after this first one. By the encounter, there was a prioritization of the integration of communication skills and semiotic techniques and clinical reasoning with ethical and humanistic attitudes, and in the second one the competencies related to teamwork, participation in collective spaces for discussion, care management, community approach, in addition of the knowledge production process itself, based on the idea of being a doctor.

Dimensão ética da alimentação e hidratação artificiais no doente terminal / Ethics, artificial nutrition, and hydration in terminal patients / Dimensión ética de la nutrición e hidratación artificial en los pacientes terminales

Resumo Dada a insuficiente evidência científica, decisões relativas à utilização de nutrição e hidratação artificiais em pacientes terminais configuram um importante dilema ético. Identifica-se um conflito entre as perspetivas de "tratar" e "cuidar", com variação quanto a sua utilização conforme o contexto legal e cultural de diferentes países. O intuito deste estudo é esclarecer se essa prática constitui uma medida de cuidado básico ou um tratamento fútil e desproporcionado. Procede-se a uma revisão das diretrizes e dos códigos deontológicos de diferentes países europeus. Em Portugal, na Itália e na Polônia, tal prática é vista como uma medida de cuidado básico; já em países como França, Inglaterra, Noruega, Irlanda, Alemanha, Finlândia, Holanda, Bélgica e Suíça, é considerada um tratamento fútil. Na Romênia, na Croácia e na Hungria, verifica-se um enquadramento ético e legal insuficiente. As diferenças de abordagem a doentes terminais podem ser reflexo das diferentes perspetivas culturais.

Abstract Given the lack of scientific evidence, decisions regarding the administration of artificial nutrition and hydration in terminally ill patients constitute an important ethical dilemma due to the conflict between "treat" and "care" perspectives and the varying usage depending on the legal and cultural background across countries. This study aims to explain whether this practice configures a basic care intervention or a futile medical treatment. Therefore, we review the national guidelines and codes of ethics from several European countries. Countries such as Portugal, Italy, and Poland view it as a basic care intervention, whereas France, England, Norway, Ireland, Germany, Finland, Netherlands, Belgium, and Switzerland, as a medical treatment. Moreover, countries such as Romania, Croatia, and Hungary lack such legal framework. The different approaches regarding the care of terminally ill patients can reflect differences on cultural perspectives.

Resumen Dada la insuficiente evidencia científica, las decisiones sobre el uso de la nutrición e hidratación artificiales en los pacientes terminales constituyen un importante dilema ético. Se identifica un conflicto entre las perspectivas de "tratar" y "cuidar", con variaciones en su uso según el contexto legal y cultural de los diferentes países. El objetivo de este estudio es dilucidar si esta práctica constituye una medida de atención básica o un tratamiento fútil y desproporcionado. Se realiza una revisión de las directrices y códigos deontológicos de diferentes países europeos. En Portugal, Italia y Polonia, se considera esta práctica como una medida de atención básica; mientras que en países como Francia, Inglaterra, Noruega, Irlanda, Alemania, Finlandia, Holanda, Bélgica y Suiza, se considera un tratamiento fútil. En Rumanía, Croacia y Hungría, el marco ético y jurídico es insuficiente. Las diferencias en el tratamiento de los pacientes terminales pueden reflejar diferentes perspectivas culturales.

Identificação de sinais precoces de alteração/ transtornos mentais em puérperas para promoção do autocuidado / Identification of early signs of change/mental disorders in puerpera to promote self-care / Identificación de signos tempranos de cambio/trastornos mentales en mujeres puerperales para promover el cuidado personal

Objetivo: identificar sinais precoces de alterações e/ou transtornos mentais em puérperas para promoção do autocuidado. Método: a população estudada foram puérperas atendidas na unidade básica de saúde. Resultados: as puérperas participantes enquadram-se como mulheres em idade reprodutiva, classificadas como mães adolescentes e mães adultas jovens. São mulheres que reconhecem a necessidade da prática do autocuidado, mas que possuem alguns entraves ligados às mais diferentes realidades e cotidiano em que estas estão inseridas, tornando fatores de risco para transtornos/alterações mentais durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Conclusão: a efetivação da assistência integral à saúde das mulheres, ocorridas durante o pré-natal, parto e nascimento, são condições essenciais para a prevenção de transtornos e doenças mentais ocorridos numa fase tão ímpar que é o período puerperal

Objective: to identify early signs of changes and/or mental disorders in postpartum women to promote self-care. Method: the population studied were postpartum women treated at the basic health unit. Results: the participating puerperal women are classified as women of reproductive age, classified as adolescent mothers and young adult mothers. These are women who recognize the need to practice self-care, but who have some obstacles linked to the most different realities and daily life in which they are inserted, making them risk factors for mental disorders/changes during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Conclusion: the effectiveness of comprehensive care for women's health, which occurs during prenatal care, childbirth and birth, are essential conditions for the prevention of disorders and mental illnesses that occur in such a unique phase that is the puerperal period

Objetivos: identificar signos tempranos de cambios y/o trastornos mentales en puérperas para promover el autocuidado. Metodo: la población estudiada fueron puérperas atendidas en la unidad básica de salud. Resultados: las puérperas participantes se clasifican en mujeres en edad reproductiva, clasificadas en madres adolescentes y madres adultas jóvenes. Se trata de mujeres que reconocen la necesidad de practicar el autocuidado, pero que tienen algunos obstáculos ligados a las más diversas realidades y al cotidiano en que están insertas, convirtiéndolas en factores de riesgo para trastornos/alteraciones mentales durante el ciclo embarazo-puerperio. Conclusión: la eficacia de la atención integral a la salud de la mujer, que se da durante la atención prenatal, el parto y el parto, son condiciones indispensables para la prevención de los trastornos y enfermedades mentales que se dan en una fase tan singular que es el puerperio

Assistência da Prática Avançada de Enfermagem nas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: uma scoping review / Advanced Practice Nursing assistance in noncommunicable chronic diseases: a scoping review

OBJETIVO: Mapear na literatura como ocorre a assistência da prática avançada de enfermagem às pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODO: Scoping review, realizada em bases de dados e fontes de literatura cinzenta pelo cruzamento dos descritores "Prática Avançada de Enfermagem"; "Atenção Primária à Saúde"; "Resultados, efeitos, impactos, consequências" em inglês. RESULTADOS: a amostra foi de 24 artigos, 10 (41,60%) enfocam a assistência de enfermagem de prática avançada em pacientes com diabetes; seis (25,00%) no campo dos pacientes com doença cardiovascular; três (12,50%) no campo dos pacientes com câncer; três (12,50%) abordam o papel da prática avançada em mais de uma doença crônica não transmissível e dois (8,30%) abordam o desempenho em pacientes com doenças respiratórias. CONCLUSÃO: identificou-se a assistência da prática avançada de enfermagem às pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e observou-se resultados positivos na atenção das quatro doenças crônicas estudadas.

OBJECTIVE: To describe how advanced practice nursing support is provided to individuals with noncommunicable chronic diseases in primary health care through a literature review. METHOD: A scoping review was conducted using databases and grey literature sources by intersecting the terms "advanced practice nursing"; "primary health care"; "outcomes, effects, impacts, consequences" in English. Results: The sample consisted of 24 articles, of which 10 (41.60%) focused on advanced nursing practice support in patients with diabetes; six (25.00%) in the area of patients with cardiovascular disease; three (12.50%) in the area of patients with cancer; three (12.50%) addressed the role of advanced practice in more than one noncommunicable chronic disease, and two (8.30%) addressed performance in patients with respiratory disease. CONCLUSION: Advanced nursing practice support for individuals with noncommunicable chronic diseases was identified, and positive outcomes were observed in the care of the four chronic diseases studied.

Orientações de enfermagem para pessoas com estomia intestinal em cenário extra hospitalar: scoping review / Nursing guidelines for people with intestinal ostomy in extra-hospital scenario: scoping review / Directrices de enfermería para personas con ostomía intestinal en escenario extrahospitalario: scoping review

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear na literatura as orientações de enfermagem para pessoas com estomias intestinais na atenção primária à saúde e centros de referência. Método: scoping review desenvolvida em abril e maio de 2022, em bases nacionais e internacionais e fontes de literatura cinzenta. Utilizou-se os descritores: Ostomia; Colostomia; Ileostomia; Educação em Saúde; Atenção Primária; Serviços de Saúde e suas traduções no inglês. Seguiu-se as etapas recomendadas pelo Joana Briggs Institute e registrou-se na plataforma Open Science Framework. Resultados: foram identificados 2242 estudos, sendo 17 selecionados para composição amostral. As orientações versaram predominantemente sobre autocuidado com estomia e pele periestomal, escolha de equipamentos coletores e adjuvantes e aspectos sobre aceitação e adaptação. Conclusão: Identificou-se na literatura as principais orientações de enfermagem dirigidas às pessoas com estomia. O estudo contribui para prática em Enfermagem diante do raciocínio das necessidades e dos cuidados qualificados a serem dispensados à pessoa com estomia na integralidade da atenção(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective: to map in the literature the nursing guidelines for people with intestinal ostomies in primary health care and referral centers. Method: scoping review developed in April and May 2022, in national and international bases and gray literature sources. The descriptors were used: Ostomy; Colostomy; Ileostomy; Health Education; Primary Attention; Health Services and their English translations. Followed the steps recommended by the Joana Briggs Institute and registered on the Open Science Framework platform. Results: were identified 2242 studies, 17 of which were selected for sample composition. The guidelines focused predominantly on self-care with ostomy and peristomal skin, choice of collector and adjuvant equipment, and aspects of acceptance and adaptation. Conclusion: the main nursing guidelines for people with ostomy were identified in the literature. The study contributes to nursing practice in view of the reasoning of the needs and qualified care to be provided to the person with an ostomy in the integrality of care(AU)

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear en la literatura las directrices de enfermería para personas con ostomías intestinales en la atención primaria de salud y centros de referencia. Método: Scoping Review desarrollado en abril y mayo de 2022, en bases nacionales e internacionales y fuentes de literatura gris. Se utilizaron los descriptores: ostomía; colostomía; ileostomía; Educación en salud; atención primaria; servicios de salud y sus traducciones al inglés. Se siguieron las etapas recomendadas por el Instituto Joana Briggs y se hizo el registro en la plataforma Open Science Framework. Resultados: se identificaron 2242 estudios, de los cuales 17 fueron seleccionados para composición de la muestra. Las orientaciones se centraron predominantemente en el autocuidado con ostomía y piel periestomal, elección de equipos colectores y adyuvantes, y aspectos de aceptación y adaptación. Conclusión: Se identificaron en la literatura las principales orientaciones de enfermería para personas con ostomía. El estudio contribuye a la práctica de enfermería en vista del razonamiento de las necesidades y cuidados calificados a ser prestados a la persona con ostomía en la integralidad del cuidado(AU)

Uso da laserterapia de baixa potência no tratamento cutâneo da leishmaniose: um estudo quase-experimental / The use of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a quasi-experimental study

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos do laser de baixa potência na intervenção às lesões decorrentes da Leishmaniose Cutânea. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental, duplo-cego e randomizado realizado em um centro de referência do Norte de Minas Gerais. Foram alocados aleatoriamente 07 pacientes que foram submetidos ao tratamento endovenoso e curativos locais da leishmaniose cutânea, a saber: 03 no grupo controle, onde fizeram uso do tratamento convencional, e 04 no grupo experimental, que foram submetidos a aplicação da laserterapia de baixa potência, além da terapêutica habitual. Foi avaliado como desfecho primário a redução do tamanho das lesões, por meio da adaptação da ferramenta Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio de uma estatística comparativa pareada com teste T. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos controle e experimental. CONCLUSÃO: A laserterapia de baixa potência não parece favorecer a cicatrização das lesões por leishmaniose cutânea.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy in treating lesions resulting from cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODS: This is a double-blind, randomized, quasi-experimental study conducted at a reference center in the northern region of Minas Gerais. Seven patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous and local wound care for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Specifically, three patients were assigned to the control group and received conventional treatment, while four patients were assigned to the experimental group and received low-level laser therapy plus standard therapeutic measures. The primary outcome measure was the reduction in lesion size as assessed by the adapted Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing. Paired comparison statistics using the t-test were used for data analysis. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between the control and experimental groups. CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy does not appear to improve the healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions.

Lesiones cutáneas asociadas con el uso de respiradores N95 en profesionales de la salud de Brasil durante 2020 / Skin lesions associated with the use of N95 respirators among health professionals in Brazil in 2020 / Lesões de pele associadas ao uso de respiradores N95 entre profissionais de saúde no Brasil em 2020

Objetivo: investigar la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas y factores asociados con el uso de respiradores N95 en profesionales de la salud de Brasil. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 11.368 profesionales de la salud en el que se empleó un método de muestreo dirigido por encuestados adaptado para entornos en línea. Se ejecutaron análisis univariados y multivariados para investigar la asociación entre la variable "lesiones cutáneas por utilizar respiradores N95" y sexo, categoría profesional, lugar de trabajo, capacitación, diagnóstico de COVID-19 y disponibilidad de suficiente provisión de Equipo de Protección Personal de buena calidad. Resultados: la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas fue del 61,8%. Las mujeres fueron 1,203 veces (IC 95%: 1,154-1,255) más propensas a desarrollar lesiones que los hombres. La probabilidad de lesiones cutáneas en psicólogos (RP=0,805; IC 95%: 0,678-0,956) y dentistas (RP=0,884; IC 95%: 0,788-0,992) fue menor en comparación con la encontrada en los profesionales de Enfermería. Los profesionales con diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19 y que trabajan en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos son más propensos a sufrir lesiones cutáneas (RP=1,074; IC 95%: 1,042-1,107); (RP=1,203; IC 95%: 1,168-1,241), respectivamente, Conclusión: la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas causadas por utilizar respiradores N95 fue del 61,8% y estuvo asociada al sexo femenino, a la categoría profesional, al lugar de trabajo, a la capacitación, a diagnóstico de COVID-19 y a la disponibilidad de suficiente provisión de Equipo de Protección Personal de buena calidad.

Objective: to investigate the prevalence of skin lesions and factors associated with the use of N95 respirators among health professionals in Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 11,368 health professionals using a respondent-driven sampling method adapted for online environments. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between the "skin lesions with the use of N95 respirators" variable and gender, professional category, workplace, training, COVID-19 diagnosis, and availability of sufficient and high-quality Personal Protective Equipment. Results: the prevalence of skin lesions was 61.8%. Women were 1.203 times (95% CI: 1.154-1.255) more likely to develop a lesion than men. The chances of skin lesions in psychologists (PR=0.805; 95% CI: 0.678-0.956) and dentists (PR=0.884; 95% CI: 0.788-0.992), were lower when compared to Nursing professionals. Professionals with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis and working in the Intensive Care Unit have an increased chance of presenting skin lesions (PR=1.074; 95% CI: 1.042-1.107); (PR=1.203; 95% CI: 1.168-1.241), respectively. Conclusion: the prevalence of skin lesions caused by the use of N95 respirators was 61.8% and was associated with female gender, professional category, workplace, training, COVID-19 diagnosis, and availability of sufficient and highquality Personal Protective Equipment.

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência de lesões de pele e fatores associados ao uso de respiradores N95 entre profissionais de saúde no Brasil. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 11.368 profissionais de saúde por meio de um método de amostragem dirigido por respondentes adaptado para ambientes online. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram realizadas para investigar a associação entre a variável "lesão de pele com uso de respirador N95" e sexo, categoria profissional, local de trabalho, treinamento, diagnóstico de COVID-19 e disponibilidade suficiente de equipamentos de proteção individual de qualidade. Resultados: a prevalência de lesões cutâneas foi de 61,8%. As mulheres foram 1,203 vezes (IC 95%: 1.154-1.255) mais propensas a desenvolver uma lesão do que os homens. As chances de lesão de pele em psicólogos (RP=0,805; IC 95%: 0,678-0,956) e dentistas (RP=0,884; IC 95%: 0,788-0,992) foram menores quando comparados aos profissionais de Enfermagem. Profissionais com diagnóstico positivo para COVID-19 e que trabalham em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos têm maior chance de apresentar lesões de pele (RP=1,074; IC 95%: 1,042-1,107); (RP=1,203; IC 95%: 1,168- 1,241), respectivamente. Conclusão: a prevalência de lesões de pele causadas pelo uso do respirador N95 foi de 61,8% e esteve associada ao sexo feminino, categoria profissional, local de trabalho, treinamento, diagnóstico de COVID-19 e disponibilidade suficiente de equipamentos de proteção individual de qualidade.

Coberturas e agentes tópicos e seus efeitos no tratamento de lesões venosas: revisão integrativa / Coverings and topical agents and their effects on the treatment of venous lesions: integrative review

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura coberturas e agentes tópicos utilizados no tratamento de lesões venosas e descrever os efeitos encontrados. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, com uso dos seguintes descritores: úlcera varicosa; úlcera da perna; curativos oclusivos; terapêutica e suas respectivas traduções em inglês. Incluíram-se artigos publicados no período entre 2014 e 2022, sem limitação de idioma. Resultados: Identificaram-se 22 agentes tópicos/coberturas nos 24 artigos selecionados, com predomínio da carboximetilcelulose (n=4), gel de papaína (n=3) e polihexametileno biguanida (n=2), gel de plaquetas (n=2) e tecnologia como lipido-coloide-nano oligossacarídeo (n=2). Conclusão: Os 22 agentes tópicos/coberturas encontrados foram capazes de acelerar a cicatrização, diminuir o exsudato e tecidos desvitalizados, controlar a carga bacteriana, modular a inflamação e reduzir a dor e o odor. A partir da pesquisa também se identificaram as indicações, os resultados e as recomendações dos agentes/coberturas. Entretanto, ressalta-se a importância da realização de pesquisas clínicas de qualidade que contribuam para o planejamento e a tomada de decisões na assistência de enfermagem às pessoas com lesões venosas. Descritores: Enfermagem; Úlcera Varicosa; Úlcera da Perna; Terapêutica; Curativos Oclusivos

Objective: To identify in the literature the coverings and topical agents used in the treatment of venous lesions and describe the effects found. Methods: Integrative literature review carried out in national and international databases using thefollowing descriptors in Portuguese and English: varicose ulcer, leg ulcer, occlusive dressings, therapy. Articles published between 2014 and 2022 were included, without language limitation. Results: Twenty-two topical agents/coverings were identified in the 24 selected articles, with a predominance of carboxymethylcellulose (n=4), papain gel (n=3) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (n=2), platelet gel (n=2) and technology such as lipid-colloid nano-oligosaccharide (n=2). Conclusion: The 22 topical agents/coverings found were able to accelerate healing, decrease exudate and devitalized tissues, control bacterial load, modulate inflammation, and reduce pain and odor. From the research it was also possible to identify the indications, results and recommendations of the agents/coverings. However, we emphasize the importance of conducting quality clinical research that contributes to planning and decision-making in nursing care for people with venous lesions.Descriptors:Nursing;Varicose Ulcer;Leg Ulcer;Therapy;Occlusive Dressings.

Factors Associated with Late Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in a University Hospital in Brazil: Challenges to Achieving the 2030 Target.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to identify factors associated with late diagnosis and clinically monitor newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients. METHOD: Retrospective study, based on secondary data from a specialized unit at the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto of the University of Sao Paulo. Data collection included sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and laboratory data of newly diagnosed HIV patients between 2015 and 2019. Data analysis was undertaken using inferential statistical tests. RESULTS: A total of 314 individuals were newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, 86.6% (272) had a late diagnosis and 53.8% (169) were diagnosed very late. Using the adjusted odds ratio, we observed that bisexual and MSM patients were less likely to have a late diagnosis compared to straight patients. Individuals who entered through the emergency department and Outpatient Clinic had a lower chance of having a very late diagnosis compared to those diagnosed in the ward/inpatient unit. Having a higher education and university education were protective factors against having a very late diagnosis of HIV infection compared to elementary school education only. In addition, male patients were more likely to have a very late diagnosis compared to female patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study evidenced a high prevalence of late and very late diagnoses. Therefore, attention should be directed towards factors related to late and very late presentation.

Resiliência, depressão e autoeficácia entre profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros na pandemia de COVID-19 / Resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os níveis de resiliência, depressão e autoeficácia entre profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros na pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal analítico realizado entre os meses de outubro e dezembro de 2020. Foram empregados o teste T de Student, a análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla com o objetivo de investigar em que medida os dois grandes fatores (resiliência e autoeficácia) impactavam nos níveis de depressão. Participaram do estudo 8.792 profissionais de enfermagem, 5.124 (58,8%) tiveram baixos níveis de resiliência. A média da pontuação geral para "depressão" foi de 0,74 e variou de 0,59 a 0,80. A média da pontuação geral para "autoeficácia" foi de 0,68 e variou de 0,56 a 0,80. Quanto aos preditores de depressão, a variável que mais fortemente impactou os níveis de depressão foi resiliência, explicando 6,6% do desfecho (p < 0,001, R2 Ajustado = 0,066). Os participantes deste estudo tiveram, em geral, baixos níveis de resiliência e autoeficácia e maiores pontuações médias para depressão. Os níveis de resiliência impactaram a variável depressão. Urge a necessidade de ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde psicológica de profissionais de enfermagem inseridos em contextos pandêmicos.

Abstract This aim of this study was to analyze levels of resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study between October and December 2020. Student's t test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the impact of two main factors (Resilience and Self-efficacy) on depression. A total of 8,792 nursing professionals participated in the study; 5,124 (58.8%) had low levels of resilience. The mean overall score for Depression was 0.74, ranging from 0.59 to 0.80, while the mean overall score for Self-efficacy was 0.68, ranging from 0.56 to 0.80. The variable that had the strongest impact on depression levels was Resilience, explaining 6.6% of the outcome (p < 0.001, AdjustedR2 = 0.066). In general, respondents had low levels of resilience and self-efficacy and showed high mean depression scores. Level of resilience had an impact on depression. The findings reveal an urgent need for actions to promote the psychological health of nursing professionals working in crisis situations such as pandemics.

Fatores de risco à saúde mental dos profissionais da saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19: revisão sistemática / Risk factors for healthcare professionals' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

Resumo Neste estudo, nosso objetivo foi mapear as evidências disponíveis sobre os fatores de risco à saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde trabalhadores da linha de frente durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática que seguiu os critérios dos Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A busca foi realizada independentemente, por quatro pesquisadores, seguindo os critérios de seleção nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed Central, Ovid Technologies, GALE Academic Onefile, Science Citation Index Expanded. No processamento de dados foi utilizado o software Zotero, responsável por criar e importar itens de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos pela pesquisa. Foram encontrados 18.733 artigos, dos quais 2.722 foram excluídos, a partir do programa Zotero, por estarem duplicados, e outros 366 excluídos manualmente. Após aplicação dos critérios de seleção, 43 artigos entraram na análise final desta revisão. Recomenda-se a elaboração de novas pesquisas científicas, sobretudo colocando como objeto a análise da saúde mental desses trabalhadores, com o objetivo de embasar a elaboração e implementação de programas e políticas públicas de saúde mental para os trabalhadores.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to map the available evidence on the mental health risk factors of frontline health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a systematic review that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. The search was independently carried out by four researchers, following the selection criteria in the electronic databases: PubMed Central, Ovid Technologies, GALE Academic Onefile, Science Citation Index Expanded. The data processing used Zotero software, responsible for creating and importing items according to the criteria established by the research. A total of 18,733 articles were found, of which 2,722 were excluded by the Zotero software because they were in duplicate, and another 366 were manually excluded. After applying the selection criteria, 43 articles entered the final analysis of this review. It is recommended that new scientific research be carried out, especially focusing on the analysis of health workers' mental health, aiming at providing the basis to create and implement public mental health programs and policies for workers.

A evolução da mortalidade materna e o impacto da COVID-19 na Região Norte do Brasil: uma análise de 2012 a 2021 / Evolution of maternal mortality and impact of COVID-19 in the Northern Region of Brazil: an analysis from 2012 to 2021

Analisar o comportamento da razão de mortalidade materna de 2012 a 2021, na Região Norte do Brasil. Estudo ecológico descritivo de base populacional e série temporal, de 2012 a 2021, com dados secundários da Região Norte do Brasil, disponíveis no Painel de Monitoramento de Mortalidade Materna e Nascidos Vivos. Entre 2012 e 2019, na Região Norte, a média da razão de mortalidade materna foi 72,19, mas, com a pandemia de COVID-19, elevou-se consideravelmente, sendo 92,16 em 2020 e 164 em 2021. Roraima apresentou a maior mortalidade materna na pandemia, em fevereiro de 2021 (705,65). Neste ano, o colapso do sistema de saúde do Amazonas impactou a razão de mortalidade materna, que foi 436,90 em fevereiro de 2021.A COVID-19 colaborou com o aumento da mortalidade materna, evidenciando desigualdades interestaduais e vulnerabilidades na assistência pré-natal, na infraestrutura hospitalar e socioeconômica da Região Norte, especialmente em Roraima e Amazonas.

To analyze the behavior of the maternal mortality ratio from 2012 to 2021 in the North Region of Brazil. Population-based descriptive ecological study and time series, from 2012 to 2021, with secondary data from the Northern Region of Brazil, available on the Monitoring Panel for Maternal Mortality and Live Births. Between 2012 and 2019, in the North Region, the average maternal mortality ratio was 72.19, but, with the COVID-19 pandemic, it increased considerably, being 92.16 in 2020 and 164 in 2021. Roraima presented higher maternal mortality in the pandemic, in February 2021 (705.65). That year, the collapse of the health system in Amazonas affected the maternal mortality ratio, which was 436.90 in February 2021.COVID-19 collaborated with the increase in maternal mortality, highlighting interstate inequalities and vulnerabilities in prenatal care, hospital, and socioeconomic infrastructure in the North Region, especially in Roraima and Amazonas.