RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: to reconstruct Ethel Parsons' biographical aspects in the centenary of the technical cooperation mission for nursing development in Brazil. Method: biographical research, carried out using the historical sources analysis method, which consists of reading and interpreting the collected documents. Results: from a renowned family, Ethel Parsons was head of public health services and worked for the American Red Cross before being appointed to coordinate the Rockefeller Foundation mission in Brazil, where she inaugurated the Anglo-American model of nursing. For ten years, Parsons dedicated herself to leading such a mission, which resulted in implementation and dissemination, by decree, of the Anglo-American model of nursing. In 1931, she returned to her country, where she died in 1953. Conclusion: Ethel Parsons stood out in the 20th century as a woman and a nurse, leading public health care services in the USA and Brazil. Her biography demonstrates an ideal of professionalization and science to be conquered by nursing in the care and educational scenario, which influenced the design of a collective identity for Brazilian nursing.
RESUMEN Objetivo: reconstruir aspectos biográficos de Ethel Parsons en el centenario de la misión de cooperación técnica para el desarrollo de la enfermería en Brasil. Método: investigación biográfica, realizada mediante el método de análisis de fuentes históricas, que consiste en la lectura e interpretación de los documentos recopilados. Resultados: de una familia renombrada, Ethel Parsons fue jefa de servicios de salud pública y trabajó para la Cruz Roja Americana antes de ser designada para coordinar la misión de la Fundación Rockefeller en Brasil, donde inauguró el modelo angloamericano de enfermería. Durante diez años, Parsons se dedicó a liderar tal misión, que resultó en la implementación y difusión, por decreto, del modelo angloamericano de enfermería. En 1931 regresó a su país, donde falleció en 1953. Conclusión: Ethel Parsons se destacó en el siglo XX como mujer y enfermera, al frente de los servicios públicos de salud en EUA y Brasil. Su biografía demuestra un ideal de profesionalización y ciencia a ser conquistado por la enfermería en el escenario asistencial y educativo, lo que influyó en el diseño de una identidad colectiva para la enfermería brasileña.
RESUMO Objetivo: reconstruir aspectos biográficos de Ethel Parsons no centenário da missão de cooperação técnica para o desenvolvimento da enfermagem no Brasil. Método: pesquisa biográfica, realizada pelo método de análise de fontes históricas, que consiste em leitura e interpretação dos documentos coletados. Resultados: de família renomada, Ethel Parsons ocupou chefias de serviços de saúde pública e atuou na Cruz Vermelha Americana antes de ser indicada para coordenar a missão da Fundação Rockefeller no Brasil, onde inaugurou o modelo anglo-americano de enfermagem. Por dez anos, Parsons se dedicou a liderar tal missão, que resultou na implantação e difusão, por força de decreto, do modelo anglo-americano de enfermagem. Em 1931, retornou a seu país, onde faleceu em 1953. Conclusão: Ethel Parsons se destacou no século XX como mulher e enfermeira, liderando serviços assistenciais de saúde pública nos EUA e no Brasil. Sua biografia demonstra um ideal de profissionalização e ciência a ser conquistado pela enfermagem no cenário assistencial e educacional, que influenciou no delineamento de uma identidade coletiva da enfermagem brasileira.
Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Pública , História da Enfermagem , Escolas de Enfermagem , BiografiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer patients, detectability in 124I PET is limited for lesions with low radioiodine uptake. We assess the improvements in lesion detectability and image quality between three generations of PET scanners with different detector technologies. The results are used to suggest an optimized protocol. METHODS: Datasets of 10 patients with low increasing thyroglobulin or thyroglobulin antibody levels after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapies were included. PET data were acquired and reconstructed on a Biograph mCT PET/CT (whole-body, 4-min acquisition time per bed position; OSEM, OSEM-TOF, OSEM-TOF+PSF), a non-TOF Biograph mMR PET/MR (neck region, 4 min and 20 min; OSEM), and a new generation Biograph Vision PET/CT (whole-body, 4 min; OSEM, OSEM-TOF, OSEM-TOF+PSF). The 20-min image on the mMR was used as reference to calculate the detection efficacy in the neck region. Image quality was rated on a 5-point scale. RESULTS: All detected lesions were in the neck region. Detection efficacy was 8/9 (Vision OSEM-TOF and OSEM-TOF+PSF), 4/9 (Vision OSEM), 3/9 (mMR OSEM and mCT OSEM-TOF+PSF), and 2/9 (mCT OSEM and OSEM-TOF). Median image quality was 4 (Vision OSEM-TOF and OSEM-TOF+PSF), 3 (Vision OSEM, mCT OSEM-TOF+PSF, and mMR OSEM 20-min), 2 (mCT OSEM-TOF), 1.5 (mCT OSEM), and 1 (mMR OSEM 4 min). CONCLUSION: At a clinical standard acquisition time of 4 min per bed position, the new generation Biograph Vision using a TOF-based image reconstruction demonstrated the highest detectability and image quality and should, if available, be preferably used for imaging of low-uptake lesions. A prolonged acquisition time for the mostly affected neck region can be useful.