Lung Cancer in Women-Sociodemographic, Clinical and Psychological Characteristics with Comparison to Men.

(1) Background: There is a difference in the course of lung cancer between women and men. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate various factors in the patient population treated in daily practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical, sociodemographic and psychological aspects of female lung cancer. To better express the results, we compared women and men. (2) Methods: Consecutive patients with a history of lung cancer treatment admitted to the outpatient oncology clinic (Department of Lung Cancer and Chest Tumours, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology in Warsaw) and the Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, were enrolled. We conducted analyses of the clinical, psychological and socioeconomic factors of women with lung cancer treated in everyday practice, including a comparison with a group of men. Demographic data were collected from a self-administered questionnaire. We used the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) questionnaires for psychological evaluation. (3) Results: A total of 100 patients with confirmed primary lung cancer with a history of treatment were enrolled in the study (50 women and 50 men). We found a significantly shorter history of smoking in the group of women; at the same time, there were no differences in the reported incidence of COPD. Despite comparable results to men on the psychological questionnaire (PSS-10, AIS), women more often reported a willingness to be supported by a psychologist or psychiatrist due to lung cancer. However, they did not decide to consult them more often than men. Immunotherapy was a significantly less frequently used method in women. (4) Conclusions: We should be more active in finding out the willingness to consult a psychologist or psychiatrist among women with lung cancer. The diagnosis of COPD should be considered more often among women due to the lack of differences in the reported incidence of COPD between men and women, despite a clear contrast in the number of pack-years.

Validade e fidedignidade de um protocolo para avaliar o estresse de minoria em pessoas trans e diversidade de gênero / Validity and fidedignity of a protocol to evaluate minority stress in trans and gender people

O modelo do Estresse de Minoria (EM) propõe uma explicação de como estressores relacionados ao preconceito levam pessoas lésbicas, gays e bissexuais (LGB) a terem piores desfechos negativos de saúde mental do que pessoas heterossexuais. Os componentes básicos do EM são o preconceito internalizado, preconceito antecipado e preconceito experienciado. O modelo do EM foi desenvolvido primeiramente no campo da sexualidade e hoje tem sido também aplicado no contexto da diversidade de gênero. Ainda não há instrumentos adaptados para sua avaliação no contexto da diversidade de gênero no Brasil. Para esse fim, este estudo objetiva a adaptação transcultural e a investigação de evidências de validade para o contexto brasileiro do "Protocolo para Avaliação do EM em pessoas trans e diversidade de gênero" (PEM-TD-BR). Participaram 455 indivíduos cuja identidade de gênero discordava daquela designada ao nascimento. As análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias sugerem a estrutura de três fatores do PEM-TD-BR como a mais adequada, fornecendo evidências de validade e fidedignidade para o protocolo no contexto brasileiro.

The Minority Stress (MS) model explains how prejudice-related stressors lead lesbian, gay, and bisexual people (LGB) to have worse negative mental health outcomes compared to heterosexuals. The basic components of MS are internalized prejudice, anticipated prejudice, and experienced prejudice. MS model was first developed in the field of sexuality and is now also applied in the context of gender diversity. There are still no adapted tools for its assessment in the context of gender diversity in Brazil. To this end, this study aims at the cross-cultural adaptation and production of validity evidence for the Brazilian context of a protocol for the "assessment of MS in transgender and gender diverse people" (PEM-TD-BR). It included 455 participants whose current gender identity disagreed with that assigned at birth. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes suggest the three-factor structure of the PEM-TD-BR as the most appropriate and provide evidence for the validity and reliability for the protocol in the Brazilian context.

Psychopathological factors and personality dimensions on dysfunctional eating behaviors in a sample of individuals with obesity.

Introduction: Obesity and eating disorders are considered to be part of a broad spectrum of disorders associated with weight issues and maladaptive eating styles. Several studies show that psychopathological and personality characteristics contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity and dysfunctional eating behaviors, showing a bidirectional relationship. The purpose of this study was to understand the role of psychopathological factors and personality dimensions on dysfunctional eating behaviors in a sample of individuals with obesity. Methods: The study was conducted with 96 individuals with obesity (31 males and 65 females) who underwent psychological assessment. The instruments administered included the Cognitive Behavioral Assessment 2.0 - Primary Scales, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, and the Eating Disorder Inventory. Relationships between dysfunctional eating behaviors and personality and psychopathological factors were explored through mediation analysis. Results and discussion: Our results showed that difficulties related to impulse control and behavior, along with negative and dysphoric emotions, may be associated with difficulties in eating behavior. Mediation analysis showed that the combination of depressive and obsessive-compulsive symptomatology may exacerbate or contribute to the occurrence of eating disorders. These psychopathological aspects should be taken into account during the assessment of patients who decide to undergo bariatric surgery and should be targets of specific psychological interventions.

Associations between psychological evaluation outcomes, psychiatric diagnoses, and outcomes through 12 months after bariatric surgery.

BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence about how patients' initial preoperative psychological evaluation outcomes (require follow-up [RFU], no required follow-up [NFU], and place on hold [POH]) and current psychiatric diagnoses associate with postoperative outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypotheses that patients who receive a clinical decision of RFU versus NFU from their initial psychological evaluation will be (1) more likely to experience postoperative complications, readmissions, and emergency room visits and (2) experience less weight loss over 12-months. Specific diagnoses (any psychiatric diagnosis, depression, and anxiety) are also examined for their association with weight loss over 12 months. SETTING: Midwestern medical center, United States. METHODS: The sample included 322 patients (81.1% female and 64.0% White) with completed psychological evaluations between August 2019 and December 2020. Patient demographics, psychological evaluation outcomes, current diagnoses, and postoperative outcomes were extracted from the health record. Bivariate analyses determined associations between NFU/RFU and postoperative complications (yes, no), readmissions (yes, no), and emergency room visits (yes, no). Mixed multilevel models were conducted with dichotomous variables NFU/RFU, any psychiatric diagnoses (yes, no), depression diagnoses (yes, no), or anxiety diagnoses (yes, no) as the main fixed within-group factors with weight loss (weight or percent total weight loss) used as the repeated measures. Insurance and surgical procedure were included as covariates. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in postoperative complications, readmissions, and emergency room visits between NFU and RFU groups. Patients who received a RFU versus an NFU had higher weights over 12 months (P = .001). CONCLUSION: Hypothesis 2 was only partially supported. Patients who received an RFU versus an NFU had higher weights over 12 months, but this association was not found for percent total weight loss or any of the psychiatric within-subjects variables (i.e., psychiatric diagnoses, depression, and anxiety).

Preoperative Psychological Evaluation Outcomes, Reasoning, and Demographic and Diagnostic Correlates.

PURPOSE: Little is known about associations between preoperative psychiatric, disordered eating, and substance use diagnoses with the clinical decision to require follow-up after the preoperative psychological evaluation. To determine the proportion of patients who require follow-up (no required follow-up (NFU), required follow-up (RFU), placed on hold (POH)) from the preoperative psychological evaluation, associations with diagnoses, and noted reasons for follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample included 508 patients (77.6% female; 64.4% White) pursuing bariatric metabolic surgery with completed psychological evaluations between August 2019 and December 2020 at a Midwest medical center. Patient demographics, psychological evaluation outcome and corresponding reasoning, and psychiatric, disordered eating, and substance use diagnoses were extracted from the health record. Descriptive and bivariate analyses determined associations between demographics and diagnoses with psychological evaluation outcomes and corresponding reasoning. RESULTS: The breakdown of psychological evaluation outcomes was 60.6% (n = 308) NFU, 38.4% (n = 195) RFU, and 1.0% (n = 5) POH. Demographic correlates of RFU included higher BMI, being single, lower educational attainment, unemployment, public/no insurance, and receiving multiple or any psychiatric diagnosis (all p-values < 0.05). Diagnostic correlates of RFU included anxiety, depression, not having a current trauma or stressor-related disorder, disordered eating, and substance use diagnoses (all p-values < 0.001). RFU/POH was primarily due to psychiatric (61%) reasons. CONCLUSION: Higher rates of RFU were observed for patients with higher economic need and with psychiatric, disordered eating, or substance use diagnoses. Future work should establish preoperative programming to assist patients with addressing ongoing psychiatric concerns prior to bariatric metabolic surgery.

Adaptação e validação da Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI) para universitários brasileiros / Adaptation and validation of the Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI) for Brazilian university Students / Adaptación y validación del Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI) para estudiantes universitarios Brasileños

A Happenstance Learning Theory é um modelo teórico que pretende explicar as diferentes trajetórias de vida das pessoas a partir dos eventos não planejados, focando-se na imprevisibilidade do desenvolvimento de carreira. Pressupõe-se que é possível se planejar para o acaso, avaliando-se as competências para tal por meio de cinco dimensões: Otimismo, Flexibilidade, Curiosidade, Persistência e Assumir riscos. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um estudo de tradução e adaptação da escala PHCI para o Brasil, bem como uma análise fatorial exploratória, análise confirmatória e consistência interna da escala. A escala foi aplicada online em 511 estudantes universitários. O conjunto de resultados da análise da estrutura interna aponta para uma estrutura de quatro fatores, diferente da proposta original da escala, unindo Persistência e Assumir riscos em uma única dimensão, com precisão variando entre 0,59 e 0,80. Discute-se a configuração dos fatores na amostra brasileira e possíveis diferenças culturais nos resultados.(AU)

The happenstance learning theory is a theoretical model which explains the different life trajectories due to life's non-planned events, focusing on career unpredictability. The theory assumes that it is possible to plan for chance, and five dimensions are used to assess the competences for this purpose: Optimism, Flexibility, Curiosity, Persistence and Risk taking. This article presents a translation and adaptation study of the PHCI scale for Brazil, as well as Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analyses and reliability. A total of 511 university students answered the scale online. The set of results of the analysis of the internal structure indicated a four-factor structure, different from the original proposal of the scale, combining Persistence and Risk taking in a single dimension, with reliability ranging between .59 and .80. We discuss the composition of the factors in the Brazilian sample and possible cultural differences in the results.(AU)

La Happenstance Learning Theory es un modelo teórico que pretende explicar las diferentes trayectorias vitales de las personas a partir de acontecimientos no planificados, centrándose en la imprevisibilidad del desarrollo profesional. Se asume que es posible planificar el azar, evaluando las habilidades para ello, a través de cinco dimensiones: Optimismo, Flexibilidad, Curiosidad, Persistencia y Asunción de riesgos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un estudio de traducción y adaptación de la escala PHCI para Brasil, así como un análisis factorial exploratorio, análisis confirmatorio y consistencia interna de la escala. La escala se aplicó en línea a 511 estudiantes universitarios. El conjunto de resultados del análisis de la estructura interna apunta a una estructura de cuatro factores, diferente de la propuesta original de la escala, uniendo Persistencia y Asumir riesgos en una sola dimensión, con una precisión oscilando entre .59 y .80. Se discute la configuración de factores en la muestra brasileña y posibles diferencias culturales en los resultados.(AU)

Use of the Stanford Integrative Psychosocial Assessment for Transplant as a Pre-surgical Psychological Evaluation Tool for Bariatric Surgery.

How clinicians perform pre-surgical psychological evaluations (PSPE) for bariatric surgery remains variable across institutions. Bariatric PSPE guidelines state that self-report measures should be incorporated in the PSPE procedure, yet only 50-60% of PSPEs utilize patient self-report measures. Previous studies describing the presurgical psychological evaluation report a range of measures, however a gold standard in PSPE has yet to be agreed upon. Given this gap in how a presurgical psychological evaluation for bariatric patients is defined, incorporating more objective measures into this process may help clinicians identify specific areas in which a patient is struggling and benefit from additional psychosocial support. The present study proposes the use of the SIPAT, a semi-structured interview initially developed to assess organ transplant candidates, as part of this evaluation. A total of 292 adult patients underwent a pre-surgical psychological evaluation for bariatric surgery between November 2017 and February 2020 at a Midwest medical center. Patient average age was 45.2 (11.3) years and 83.3% were female. At time of analysis, 160 patients received bariatric surgery. Logistic regression and analyses of bivariate associations were conducted in R. The SIPAT exhibited good convergent validity via correlations with analogous scales on the PROMIS 43, and it yielded a small effect size predicting patients who ultimately received surgery. Accordingly, this semi-structured interview may be a useful tool to help differentiate patients for surgical candidacy.

A safety study of laparoscopic single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with gastric plication (SADI-GP) in the management of morbid obesity.

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is more effective in the management of morbid obesity and related comorbidities than is conservative therapy. Pylorus-preserving single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-SG) is a modified duodenal switch technique. Gastric plication (GP) is an alternate to SG. METHODS: Morbidly obese (BMI of > 40, or > 35 in the presence of diabetes or prediabetes) patients were recruited and operated on to perform SADI with GP. Complications related to surgery were recorded to assess the feasibility of the procedure. Weight-loss outcomes were analysed to determine efficacy. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) was recorded after 1 year of follow-up, and test scales were used to describe physiological phenomena. RESULTS: Seventeen middle-aged (mean: 40 years) patients were involved in our study; 15 of them were females. The mean duration of surgery was 205 min. There were no complications of conversion, death, bleeding, VTE or 30-day readmission to hospital. We did experience CD4a (pulmonary insufficiency due to chronic lung disease) and a CD3b (anastomosis leakage treated laparoscopically) complications. Vomiting occurred in three cases (CD1). Obesity-related comorbidities showed favourable resolution rates (77.8% for hypertension, 81.2% for dyslipidaemia, 100% for diabetes at the 1-year follow-up). Weight-loss outcomes were favourable (53.20 EWL%, and 35.58 TWL% at 1-year follow-up). Greater weight loss caused significantly higher levels of Depression (t(13.958) = - 2.373; p = 0.00; p < 0.05) and Low Positive Emotions (t(13.301) = - 2.954; p = 0.00; p < 0.05) and Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality (t(13.408) = - 1.914; p = 0.02; p < 0.05) in MMPI-2 data. CONCLUSION: According to our safety study, SADI-GP is a promising malabsorptive procedure, but a long-term high-volume case series or a randomised controlled trial is necessary to evaluate complication rates and weight-loss outcomes. Emotional dysregulation is common among bariatric surgery patients according to personality inventory data; therefore, psychological follow-up and psychotherapeutic support are necessary for weight-loss maintenance.

Validation Process of a Work Engagement Scale for the Brazilian Population / Processo de Validação de Escala de Engajamento no Trabalho para População Brasileira

Abstract The objective of this study is divided into two parts: the first part aimed at presenting the process of translation and adaptation of Porto-Martins and Benevides-Pereira's (2008) version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES); the second part focused on the validation of the instrument considering samples from five distinct and independent studies, with N=1,934. The adaptation process was composed of 13 steps, which included, among other steps, translation and back translation. Descriptive, reliability and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The results denoted statistical quality and agreement with the data in the official UWES manual. Therefore, the validity of the corresponding version of the UWES is concluded, and future studies are encouraged in order to solidify this relevant construct in the national context.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é dividido em duas partes: na primeira, visou-se expor o processo de tradução e adaptação da versão de Porto-Martins e Benevides-Pereira (2008) do Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES); na segunda parte, focou-se a validação do instrumento, considerando amostras de cinco estudos distintos independentes, com N=1934. O processo de adaptação foi composto por 13 passos, que incluíram, entre outras etapas, tradução e back translation. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, de confiabilidade e fatoriais confirmatórias. Os resultados denotaram qualidade estatística e consonância com os dados do manual oficial do UWES. Conclui-se, portanto, a validade da respectiva versão do UWES, assim como instigam-se futuros estudos, a fim de solidificar esse relevante constructo no contexto nacional.

Therapeutic assessment as an interventional model of psychological evaluation: case study / Avaliação terapêutica como um modelo interventivo de avaliação psicológica: estudo de caso / La evaluación terapéutica como modelo intervencionista de evaluación psicológica: estudio de caso

Therapeutic Assessment is a model of psychological evaluation that adopts a collaborative approach and a semi-structured systematization to the extent that it has well-defined steps. Considering its intervention nature, Therapeutic Assessment seeks to bring about positive changes in the lives of clients and/or people close to them. The present study aimed to evaluate how the Therapeutic Assessment process presented therapeutic consequences, using the case study as a research method. The description of the results was based on the assistance of a client using the Therapeutic Assessment model. The findings corroborate the hypotheses related to the therapeutic benefits of the Therapeutic Assessment, providing the clients with increased self-knowledge and self-reflection and changes in the way they deal with difficult situations. We conclude that more research on Therapeutic Assessment should be developed to verify other possible benefits of the model. (Au)

A Avaliação Terapêutica é um modelo de avaliação psicológica que adota uma abordagem colaborativa e uma sistematização semiestruturada na medida em que possui etapas bem definidas. Considerando seu caráter interventivo, a Avaliação Terapêutica busca proporcionar mudanças positivas na vida dos clientes e/ou de pessoas próximas a ele. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar de que maneira o processo de Avaliação Terapêutica apresentou consequências terapêuticas, utilizando-se o estudo de caso como método de investigação. A descrição dos resultados orientou-se por meio do atendimento de uma cliente utilizando o modelo de Avaliação Terapêutica. Os achados corroboram com as hipóteses relacionadas aos benefícios terapêuticos da Avaliação Terapêutica, possibilitando à cliente aumento do autoconhecimento e da autorreflexão e mudanças na sua maneira de lidar com situações difíceis. Conclui-se que mais pesquisas sobre Avaliação Terapêutica devem ser desenvolvidas para se verificar outros possíveis benefícios do modelo. (AU)

La Evaluación Terapéutica es un modelo de evaluación psicológica que adopta un enfoque colaborativo y una sistematización semiestructura, visto que cuenta con etapas bien definidas. Considerando su carácter intervencionista, la Evaluación Terapéutica busca proporcionar cambios positivos en la vida de los clientes y/o de personas cercanas a él. El presente estudio objetivó evaluar de qué manera el proceso de Evaluación Terapéutica presenta consecuencias terapéuticas, utilizando el estudio de caso como método de investigación. La descripción de los resultados se orientó por la atención de una cliente, utilizando el modelo de Evaluación Terapéutica. Los hallazgos corroboran con las hipótesis relacionadas con los beneficios terapéuticos de la Evaluación Terapéutica, posibilitando al cliente el aumento del autoconocimiento, de la autorreflexión y cambios en su manera de lidiar con situaciones difíciles. Se concluye que se deben desarrollar más investigaciones sobre Evaluación Terapéutica para verificar otros posibles beneficios del modelo. (AU)

Evidências de validade dos indicadores emocionais no Desenho da Figura Humana / Validity evidence of the emotional indicators in Human Figure Drawing / Evidencias de validez de los indicadores emocionales en el Diseño de la Figura Humana

O desenho da figura humana (DFH) é um instrumento amplamente utilizado na avaliação psicológica. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as evidências de validade dos indicadores emocionais no DFH pelo Sistema de Triagem Emocional (STE). A amostra foi composta por 310 crianças, divididas em grupo regular com 173 crianças, grupo regular com indicadores com 55 crianças e grupo clínico com 82 crianças. Foram utilizados o STE, a Escala Multidimensional de Satisfação de Vida para crianças e de Afeto positivo e negativo. Os resultados demonstraram diferenças significativas para grupos nos indicadores emocionais pelo STE (F = 12,140; p ≤ 0,01). Houve correlações negativas (p < 0,01) do STE com a Escala Multidimensional de Satisfação de Vida na dimensão do Self, porém não significativas com a Escala de Afetos. Conclui-se sobre as evidências de validade do STE para avaliar os indicadores emocionais no DFH e distinguir crianças que necessitam de atendimento antes do agravamento dos problemas. (AU)

Human figure drawing (HFD) is an instrument widely used in psychological assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the evidence of validity of emotional indicators in HFD through the Emotional Screening System (ESS). The sample consisted of 310 children, divided into a regular group containing 173 children, a regular group with indicators containing 55 children and a clinical group containing 82 children. The ESS, the Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale for children and the Positive and negative affect scale, were used. The results showed significant differences for groups in the emotional indicators of the ESS (F=12.140; p≤.01). There were negative correlations (p<.01) of the ESS with the Multidimensional Scale of Life Satisfaction in the dimension of the Self, but not significant with the Scale of Affections. There was evidence of validity of the ESS to assess the emotional indicators in HFD and to distinguish children who need care before the problems worsen. (AU)

El dibujo de la figura humana (DFH) es un instrumento frecuentemente utilizado en la evaluación psicológica. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las evidencias de validez de los indicadores emocionales en DFH por el Sistema de Triaje Emocional (STE). La muestra estuvo conformada por 310 niños, divididos en: un grupo regular con 173 niños, un grupo regular con indicadores con 55 niños y un grupo clínico con 82 niños. Se utilizó el STE, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida Multidimensional para niños y de Afecto positivo y negativo. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas para los grupos en los indicadores emocionales por STE (F = 12.140; p ≤ 0.01). Hubo correlaciones negativas (p < 0.01) del STE con la Escala Multidimensional de Satisfacción con la Vida en la dimensión del Self, pero no significativas con la Escala de Afectos. Se concluye sobre las evidencias de validez del STE para evaluar los indicadores emocionales en el DFH y distinguir a los niños que necesitan cuidados antes de que los problemas se agraven. (AU)

Avaliação de aspectos emocionais e comportamentais de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista / Evaluation of emotional and behavioral aspects in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

RESUMO O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) tem início precoce e é caracterizado predominantemente por prejuízos persistentes na comunicação social recíproca/interação social e por padrões restritos e repetitivos de comportamento, interesses ou atividades. Pesquisas apontam que indivíduos com TEA apresentam altas taxas de problemas emocionais e de comportamento. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar os aspectos emocionais e comportamentais através do Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) em crianças que preencheram critérios para o diagnóstico de TEA. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo. No CBCL/1½-5, contatou-se que a escala Problemas do Espectro Autista apresentou escore clínico. Quanto ao CBCL/6-18, as escalas Retraimento, Problemas de Pensamento, Problemas de Atenção e Problemas de Estresse (DSM) apresentaram sintomatologia clínica. Os achados desse estudo estão de acordo com outras pesquisas da área. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que o CBCL é útil para a identificação de sinais de alerta de TEA.

ABSTRACT Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction/communication and stereotyped behavior. The literature suggests that individuals with ASD often presents emotional and behavioral problems. The aim of this study was to examine emotional and behavioral aspects in patients who have been diagnosed with ASD after a psychological evaluation. The tool used for investigation was the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), in both versions (1½-5 and 6-18). This is a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study. The CBCL/1½-5 profiles showed elevated scores in Withdrawn, Internalizing Problems and Autism Spectrum Problems scales. The CBCL/6-18 showed clinical scores for Withdrawn/Depressed, Thougt Problems, Attention Problems And Stress Problems. The pattern of elevations found in this study is consistent with prior studies. Although CBCL is not a diagnostic tool, it can be considered an useful instrument for detecting alarm signs of ASD.

Práticas avaliativas realizadas por psicólogos hospitalares: um estudo descritivo / Evaluative practices performed by health psychologists: a descriptive study / Prácticas evaluativas realizadas por psicólogos clínicos: un estudio descriptivo

As práticas avaliativas estão na gama de possibilidades de atuação do psicólogo no Hospital. Buscou-se investigar o manejo dos processos avaliativos por psicólogos hospitalares inseridos em hospitais não psiquiátricos, quanto aos tipos, origens, características e necessidades solicitadas, identificando a conduta destes frente às demandas. Foi conduzido estudo observacional descritivo, de corte transversal, com levantamento de dados multimétodos por meio de entrevista estruturada com 14 psicólogos hospitalares de Natal/RN. Entre os resultados, observou-se que 87,7% consideram avaliação descritiva como mais frequente, 78,6% percebem que estas acontecem tanto por solicitação da equipe quanto por identificação da necessidade pelo próprio psicólogo e verificou-se um predomínio do uso de técnicas qualitativas como avaliação. Concluiu-se que o ambiente hospitalar oferece desafios para um amplo uso das técnicas existentes que, juntamente com a escassez de material e recursos humanos, tem-se uma conjuntura desfavorável para o uso destas no Hospital. (AU)

Evaluative practices are among the possibilities of a psychologist's work at the Hospital. The aim was to investigate the management of the evaluation processes by hospital psychologists working in non-psychiatric hospitals, regarding the types, characteristics and needs requested, identifying their actions faced with the demands. A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was conducted with multi-method data collection through a structured interview with 14 hospital psychologists from Natal/RN. Among the results, 87.7% considered the descriptive evaluation to be the most frequent, 78.6% perceived that these occur due to requests of the team and identification of the need by the psychologists themselves, with a predominance of the use of qualitative techniques in the evaluation. It was concluded that the hospital environment presents challenges for a wide use of the existing techniques, which together with the scarcity of material and human resources present unfavorable conditions for the use of those practices in the Hospital. (AU)

Las prácticas evaluativas se encuentran dentro del abanico de posibilidades de actuación del psicólogo en el ámbito hospitalario. Se buscó investigar la gestión de los procesos de evaluación por psicólogos clínicos insertados en hospitales no psiquiátricos, con respecto a los tipos, orígenes característicos y necesidades solicitadas, identificando la conducta de los psicólogos ante las demandas. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal, con levantamiento de datos multimétodos a través de una entrevista estructurada con 14 psicólogos clínicos hospitalarios de la ciudad de Natal, Río Grande do Norte. Entre los resultados, se observó que el 87,7% considera la evaluación descriptiva como la más frecuente, el 78,6% afirma que estas ocurren tanto por solicitud del equipo como por el propio psicólogo al identificar la necesidad, verificando un predominio del uso de técnicas cualitativas como evaluación. Se concluyó que el entorno hospitalario presenta desafíos para un amplio uso de las técnicas existentes, que junto con la escasez de recursos materiales y humanos, se da una coyuntura desfavorable para el uso de las mismas en el hospital. (AU)

Questionário de Condições de Trabalho: evidências de validade para trabalhadores de equipes de saúde / Working conditions questionnaire: Evidences of validity for health care workers / Cuestionario de condiciones de trabajo (cct): evidencias de validez para trabajadores de la salud

Consideramos as repetitivas queixas acerca das condições de trabalho no sistema público de saúde, bem como as necessidades de diagnósticos acurados que subsidiem ações de gestores, profissionais e usuários. Então, desenvolvemos pesquisa para avaliar a validade do Questionário de Condições de Trabalho (QCT) para trabalhadores das equipes atuantes na atenção primária e secundária do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Participaram 434 trabalhadores de Belo Horizonte e de outros municípios de Minas Gerais. Aplicamos análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias na identificação dos fatores empíricos para as categorias das condições de trabalho. Os resultados atestaram que os fatores encontrados representam as categorias das condições de trabalho para tais participantes. Corroboraram a adequação do uso do QCT em pesquisas e diagnósticos ocupacionais no sistema de saúde. Eles poderão contribuir para a construção de versões reduzidas do QCT.

We consider the repetitive complaints to working conditions in the public health system, as well as the need for accurate diagnoses that support actions of managers, professionals and users. Then, we developed research to evaluate the validity of the Working Conditions Questionnaire (QCT) to workers in the teams, which act in basic and secondary attention of the Unified Health System (SUS). In the study, 434 workers from Belo Horizonte and other municipalities of Minas Gerais participated. We applied exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for the categories of working conditions. The results attested that the found factors represent the categories of working conditions for such participants. They corroborated the suitable use of QCT for occupational research and diagnostics in the health system. The results can contribute to build of simplified version of QCT.

Consideramos las repetitivas quejas acerca de las condiciones de trabajo en el sistema público de salud, así como necesidad de diagnósticos precisos que respalden acciones de gerentes, profesionales y usuarios. Entonces, desarrollamos investigación para evaluar la validez del Cuestionario de Condiciones de Trabajo (CCT) para trabajadores de los equipos actuantes en atención primaria y secundaria del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Participaron 434 trabajadores de Belo Horizonte y otros municipios de Minas Gerais. Aplicamos análisis factoriales exploratorias y confirmatorias en la identificación de factores empíricos para las categorías de condiciones de trabajo. Los resultados atestiguaron que los factores encontrados representan las categorías de las condiciones de trabajo para tales participantes. Corroboraron la adecuación del uso de QCT en investigaciones y diagnósticos ocupacionales en el sistema de salud. Ellos podrán contribuir para la construcción de versiones reducidas del QCT.

Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Loss to Follow-Up After Bariatric Surgery.

PURPOSE: Despite the importance of follow-up and multidisciplinary care after bariatric surgery, many patients do not attend postoperative appointments, particularly those with the medical team. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with loss to follow-up after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2013. Data were collected on demographic and socioeconomic information and comorbidities. Ten baseline psychological evaluations were blindly reviewed to evaluate the relationship between emotions and compliance with follow-up. During the 3-year postoperative period, we defined frequent attendees as those who attended at least two visits, whereas non-attendees were those who attended one visit or none. We evaluated baseline variables associated with non-adherence with follow-up schedules. RESULTS: Among 92 patients, 41 patients (44.6%) attended at least two postoperative appointments, while 51 (55.4%) were classified as non-attendees. Among the non-attendees, significantly more were younger than 45 years compared with attendees. No other statistically significant differences were found in terms of socioeconomic variables. Multivariate logistic regression revealed male gender and psychological issued related to obesity to be independent predictors of poor compliance with follow-up. Blinded psychological evaluation of ten patients did not suggest that psychological factors are predictive of follow-up attendance. CONCLUSION: Identifying factors associated with loss to follow-up after bariatric surgery is challenging. However, this is important in order to enable the design of personalized follow-up plans, especially for younger patients and those with psychological issues.

Addiction Transfer and Other Behavioral Changes Following Bariatric Surgery.

Despite its important treatment implications for obesity and related comorbidities, bariatric surgery requires several behavioral changes that warrant comprehensive evaluation and support before and after surgery. This article outlines emerging scientific and anecdotal evidence for addiction transfer after bariatric surgery. Other common behavioral changes that impact adherence, weight loss, and psychiatric risk after surgery are also reviewed. Last, recommendations for presurgical psychological evaluation and postoperative support are provided.

¿Qué me ocurre cuando me influyen los demás? impacto en las características psicológicas de jóvenes jugadores de balonmano / What happens to me when I am influenced by others? impact on the psychological characteristics of handball players

Los objetivos de la presente investigación fueron dos: a) analizar la relación entre los climas motivacionales generados por el entrenador y los iguales, y las características psicológicas en función del género y la edad de los jugadores y b) determinar las variables predictoras de los diferentes recursos psicológicos para el rendimiento deportivo de los jugadores de balonmano. Se administraron las escalas de Características psicológicas para el rendimiento Deportivo, Clima Motivacional Percibido en el Deporte y Clima Motivacional de los Iguales en el Deporte a 149 jugadores de balonmano (Medad = 15.11 años; Mexperiencia = 1.48 años; Mentrenamientos = 1.80 horas/semanales). Se realizó un análisis de correlaciones y predictivo, donde los resultados muestran que a medida que aumenta la percepción de un clima motivacional orientado a la tarea, aumenta el control del estrés y el número de horas de práctica del balonmano, y disminuye la evaluación sobre el rendimiento. Estos resultados sugieren que el entrenador, a través del diseño de entrenamientos orientados hacia la tarea, facilita que los deportistas dispongan de recursos psicológicos para sentirse eficaces y mantenerse en la actividad deportiva

The objectives of the present research were twofold: a) to analyse the relationship between the motivational climates generated by the coach and peers and the psychological characteristics as a function of gender and age of the players and b) to determine the predictor variables of the different psychological resources for the sport performance of handball players. The Psychological Characteristics for Sports Performance, Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport, and Peer Motivational Climate in Sport scales was administered to 149 handball players (Maturity = 15.11 years; Mexperience = 1.48 years; Training = 1.80 hours/week). A correlational and predictive analysis was conducted, where the results show that as the perception of a task-oriented motivational climate increases, stress management and the number of hours of handball practice increases, and performance appraisal decreases. These results suggest that the coach, through task-oriented training, facilitates the athletes to have psychological resources to feel effective and remain in the sports activity

O Desenho da Figura Humana com História (DFH-H) e crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem / Draw-A-Person with A Story (DAP-S) Test and children with learning difficulties / Dibujo de la Figura Humana con História (DFH-H) y niños con dificultades de aprendizaje

As dificuldades de aprendizagem (DA) representam um desafio para as áreas da educação, social e da saúde. O objetivo é avaliar a aplicabilidade do Desenho da Figura Humana com História (DFH-H) na compreensão de crianças com DA. Foram avaliadas, individualmente, 20 crianças da terceira série do Ensino Fundamental público de São Paulo/SP, identificadas pela coordenação da escola como sofrendo algum tipo de DA. Os desenhos foram avaliados segundo os indicadores emocionais (IE) e maturacionais (IM) propostos por Koppitz e também pelo método de livre inspeção do material projetivo, gráfico e narrativo. A média dos IM foi menor, e a dos IE foi superior ao resultado esperado para a idade. A correlação entre os indicadores foi inversa e significante, ainda que moderada. O DFH-H contribuiu para uma compreensão singular das crianças com DA e possibilitou levantar hipóteses sobre os motivos de suas dificuldades, esclarecendo os dados fornecidos pelos IM e IE. (AU)

Learning disabilities (LD) represent a challenge for the educational, social and health fields. The aim was to evaluate the applicability of the Draw-a-Person with a Story (DAP-S) test considering the understanding of children with learning disabilities. Twenty children from the third grade of a Public Elementary School in São Paulo-SP, identified by the school coordination as suffering some type of LD were individually evaluated. Their drawings were analyzed according to the emotional indicators (EI) and maturational indicators (MI) proposed by Koppitz and also through the free inspection method of the projective (graphic/narrative) material. The mean for the MI was lower, and the mean for the EI was higher than the result expected for the age. The correlation between the indicators was inverse and significant, although moderate. The DAP-S contributed to a singular understanding of children with LD and made it possible to raise hypotheses about the reasons for their difficulties, clarifying the data provided by the MI and EI. (AU)

Las dificultades de aprendizaje (DA) representan un reto para las áreas de educación, social y salud. El objetivo es evaluar la aplicabilidad del Diseño de la Figura Humana con Historia (DFH-H) en la comprensión de las DA. Fueron evaluados individualmente veinte niños del tercer año de primaria de una escuela pública de São Paulo-SP, identificados por la coordinación de la escuela como portadores de algún tipo de DA. Sus dibujos fueron evaluados según los indicadores emocionales (IE) y madurativos (IM) propuestos por Koppitz y por el método de libre exploración del material proyectivo, gráfico y narrativo. La media del IM fue menor y la media del IE fue mayor que el resultado esperado para la edad. La correlación entre los indicadores fue inversa y significativa, aunque moderada. El DFH-H contribuyó a una comprensión singular de los niños con DA y permitió plantear hipótesis sobre sus dificultades, aclarando los datos aportados por los IM y IE. (AU)

Uso de test psicológicos: perspectivas de psicólogos del sector público / Using psychological test: perspectives of public sector psychologists / Uso de testes psicológicos: perspectivas de psicólogos no setor público

La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de describir la opinión de psicólogos del sector público del Callao sobre el uso de los test psicológicos. Participaron 45 psicólogos de Centros de Salud del sector público del Callao. La investigación fue fue empírica, de estrategia descriptiva y de diseño selectivo, no probabilístico y transversal. Se empleó un cuestionario que recoge la opinión de los psicólogos sobre la práctica de los test. Se halló que tres de cada cuatro psicólogos presentó actitudes favorables al uso de los test y reportaron estar a favor de la creación de políticas que controlen y regulen su uso bajo estándares y directrices internacionales, demandando la injerencia del Colegio de Psicólogos del Perú. Asimismo, la Escala de Inteligencia de Weschler fue la más utilizada (67%), instrumento carente de evidencias psicométricas concluyentes en población peruana. Por otro lado, se identificó que el uso indiscriminado de los test y el uso de fotocopias de materiales sujetos a copyright fueron los principales problemas percibidos. Este escenario demanda una reforma peruana a nivel de políticas de control, formación e investigación en el uso de los test psicológicos.

The present investigation had the objective of describing the opinion of psychologists from the Callao public sector on the use of psychological test. 45 psychologists from Callao public sector health centers participated. The research was empirical, with a descriptive strategy and a selective, non-probabilistic and transversal design. A questionnaire was used that collects the opinion of the psychologists on the practice of the test. It was found that three out of four psychologists presented favorable attitudes to the use of the test and reported being in favor of creating policies that control and regulate their use under international standards and guidelines, demanding the interference of the Peruvian College of Psychologists. Likewise, the Weschler Intelligence Scale was the most widely used (67%), an instrument lacking conclusive psychometric evidence in the Peruvian population. On the other hand, the indiscriminate use of test and the use of photocopies of materials subject to copyright were identified as the main perceived problems. This scenario demands a Peruvian reform at the level of control policies, training and research in the use of psychological test.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever a opinião de psicólogos do setor público de Callao sobre o uso de testes psicológicos. Participaram 45 psicólogos dos centros de saúde do setor público de Callao. A pesquisa foi empírica, com estratégia descritiva e delineamento seletivo, não probabilístico e transversal. Foi utilizado um questionário que coleta a opinião dos psicólogos sobre a prática dos testes. Verificou-se que três de cada quatro psicólogos apresentaram atitudes favoráveis ao uso dos testes e relataram estar favoráveis à criação de políticas que controlem e regulem seu uso baixo padrões e diretrizes internacionais, exigindo a interferência do Colégio de Psicólogos do Perú. Da mesma forma, a Escala de Inteligência Weschler foi a mais utilizada (67%), um instrumento sem evidências psicométricas conclusivas na população peruana. Por outro lado, o uso indiscriminado de testes e o uso de fotocópias de materiais com copyrigth foram identificados como os principais problemas percebidos. Esse cenário exige uma reforma peruana no nível de políticas de controle, treinamento e pesquisa no uso de testes psicológicos.

Expectativas de sucesso profissional de ingressantes na educação superior: estudo comparativo / Expectations of professional success of first-year university students: a comparative study / Expectativas de éxito profesional de ingresantes en la educación superior: estudio comparativo

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as expectativas de sucesso profissional de estudantes ingressantes na educação superior, considerando gênero, modalidade de ingresso na universidade (sistema universal ou de cotas) e tipo de estudante (trabalhador ou não). Participaram do estudo 6.913 estudantes de uma universidade pública federal brasileira. Utilizou-se a Escala Brasileira de Expectativas Acadêmicas de Estudantes Ingressantes na Educação Superior que avalia sete fatores: Formação Acadêmica de Qualidade, Compromisso Social e Acadêmico, Ampliação das Relações Interpessoais, Oportunidade de Internacionalização e Intercâmbio, Perspectiva de Sucesso Profissional, Preocupação com a Autoimagem e Desenvolvimento de Competências Transversais. Para este estudo foram considerados os dados relativos ao fator Perspectiva de Sucesso Profissional. Os resultados revelam uma maior expectativa de sucesso profissional para mulheres e estudantes não trabalhadores e podem subsidiar instituições de ensino superior a criarem estratégias e serviços que contribuam para o futuro profissional dos estudantes considerando os distintos perfis discentes. (AU)

This study aimed to investigate the expectations of professional success of first-year university students, considering gender, mode of entry into the university (universal or quota system) and type of student (worker or not). A total of 6,913 students from a Brazilian federal public university participated in the study. The Brazilian Scale of Academic Expectations for First-Year University Students was used, which evaluates seven factors: Quality Academic Development, Social and Academic Commitment, Broadening of Interpersonal Relationships, Opportunity for Student Exchange and Internationalization, Expectation of Professional Success, Concern with Self-image, and Development of Transversal Competences. For this study, we considered the data related to the Expectation of Professional Success factor. The results revealed a higher expectation of professional success among female and non-working students, which can support higher education institutions in the creation of strategies and services that contribute to the professional future of students considering the different student profiles. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las expectativas de éxito profesional de estudiantes ingresantes en la educación superior, considerando género, modalidad de ingreso en la universidad (sistema universal o de cuotas) y tipo de estudiante (trabajador o no). Participaron 6.913 estudiantes de una universidad pública federal brasileña. Se utilizó la Escala Brasileña de Expectativas Académicas de Estudiantes Ingresantes en la Educación Superior, dicha escala evalúa siete factores: Formación Académica de Calidad, Compromiso Social y Académico, Ampliación de las Relaciones Interpersonales, Oportunidad de Internacionalización e Intercambio, Perspectiva de Éxito Profesional, Preocupación con la Autoimagen y Desarrollo de Competencias Transversales. Para este estudio se consideraron los datos relativos al factor Perspectiva de Éxito Profesional. Los resultados demuestran una mayor expectativa de éxito profesional para mujeres y estudiantes no trabajadores. Estos resultados pueden auxiliar instituciones de enseñanza superior con la creación de estrategias y servicios que contribuyan al futuro profesional de los estudiantes considerando los distintos perfiles discentes. (AU)