RESUMO
Ruminal microbiota plays an important role in the conversion of plant lignans into mammalian lignans. The main mammalian lignan present in the milk of dairy cows fed flax products is enterolactone (EL). The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of abomasal infusion of flax oil on the metabolism of flax lignans and concentrations of EL in biological fluids of dairy cows. A total of six rumen-cannulated dairy cows were assigned within a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of six treatments utilising flax hulls (0 and 15·9 % of DM) and abomasal infusion of flax oil (0, 250 and 500 g/d). There were six periods of 21 d each. Samples were collected during the last 7 d of each period and subjected to chemical analysis. Flax hull supplementation increased concentrations of EL in ruminal fluid, plasma, urine and milk, while flax oil infusion had no effect. Post-feeding, ß-glucuronidase activity in the ruminal fluid of cows infused with 250 g flax oil was significantly lower for cows fed hulls than for those fed the control diet. The present study demonstrated that the presence of a rich source of n-3 fatty acids such as flax oil in the small intestine does not interfere with the absorption of the mammalian lignan EL and that lower ruminal ß-glucuronidase activity had no effect on the conversion of flax lignans into EL in the rumen of dairy cows.
Assuntos
4-Butirolactona/análogos & derivados , Abomaso/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Glucuronidase/metabolismo , Absorção Intestinal , Lignanas/metabolismo , Óleo de Semente do Linho/efeitos adversos , Leite/química , 4-Butirolactona/análise , 4-Butirolactona/sangue , 4-Butirolactona/metabolismo , 4-Butirolactona/urina , Abomaso/microbiologia , Animais , Animais Endogâmicos , Proteínas de Bactérias/antagonistas & inibidores , Cateteres de Demora , Bovinos , Indústria de Laticínios , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/efeitos adversos , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/metabolismo , Fezes/química , Fezes/enzimologia , Feminino , Linho/química , Conteúdo Gastrointestinal/química , Glucuronidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Lignanas/administração & dosagem , Lignanas/efeitos adversos , Lignanas/análise , Lignanas/sangue , Lignanas/urina , Óleo de Semente do Linho/administração & dosagem , Óleo de Semente do Linho/metabolismo , Epiderme Vegetal/efeitos adversos , Epiderme Vegetal/química , Quebeque , Rúmen/metabolismo , Rúmen/microbiologia , Sementes/químicaRESUMO
Gastric Helicobacter species are widespread and have been reported in wild and domestic mammals of different dietary habits such as humans, dogs, cats, macaques, mice, cheetahs, ferrets, swine and cattle. All have been associated with gastric pathologies. Recently, gastric Helicobacter species were shown to be widespread in cattle and swine in Europe, and there is a report of Helicobacter pylori in sheep in Italy. However, there are no reports of Helicobacter infection in the goat, another important domestic animal of human consumption. The aim of our study was to assess whether Helicobacter abomasal infection was common in goats slaughtered for human consumption. Infection was detected through PCR analysis of DNA extracted from gastric biopsies, using genus- and species-specific primers. Bovine and porcine gastric samples were also analyzed as positive controls. None of the 70 goats were positive for Helicobacter spp.; however, Candidatus Helicobacter bovis and Candidatus Helicobacter suis were detected in 85% of the bovine and 45% of the porcine samples, respectively. We discuss the possibility that goats may exhibit natural resistance to abomasal infection by Helicobacter spp.
Assuntos
Abomaso , Doenças das Cabras/imunologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/veterinária , Helicobacter/patogenicidade , Gastropatias/veterinária , Abomaso/microbiologia , Abomaso/patologia , Animais , Biópsia/veterinária , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Primers do DNA , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Doenças das Cabras/epidemiologia , Doenças das Cabras/microbiologia , Cabras , Helicobacter/classificação , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/imunologia , Imunidade Inata , Masculino , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Gastropatias/imunologia , Gastropatias/microbiologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/microbiologiaRESUMO
Spores of Absidia corymbifera were inoculated orally into sheep with ruminal acidosis produced by feeding barley. Lesions, which developed in forestomachs of all four inoculated cases, included desquamation of superficial layers of the mucosae and focal necrosis from lamina propria to muscular layers. Granulomatous lesions were in the submucosa of three sheep. Lesions in the abomasum (two sheep) included focal necrosis, diffuse hemorrhages, and infiltration of neutrophils. All lesions were accompanied by mycotic proliferation. These results show that A. corymbifera can invade forestomach mucosae through degenerate epithelium resulting from ruminal acidosis.