Effectiveness of perioperative family-centered educational interventions in the anxiety, pain and behaviors of children/adolescents and their parents: Systematic Review Protocol / Eficacia de las intervenciones educativas perioperatorias familiares centradas en la ansiedad, el dolor y las conductas de las personas menores y adolescentes y de sus progenitores: protocolo de revisión sistemática

Introduction: Every year, millions of children and adolescents undergo surgery, 50%-75% of them experience fear and anxiety. Children are particularly susceptible to stress and anxiety surrounding surgery as a result of their cognitive development, previous experiences, and knowledge about healthcare; this leads to additional interventions to prevent and reduce these symptoms. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of family-centered educational interventions in the children's and adolescents' anxiety, pain, and behaviors and their parents' anxiety during the perioperative period. Methods: This review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for systematic reviews of effectiveness and will consider those studies (experimental and quasi-experimental) in which perioperative educational interventions have been applied to children and adolescents and their parents; these studies measured children and adolescents' pain, anxiety, and behaviors, as well as their parent's anxiety. An initial search of MEDLINE and CINAHL will be followed by a second search for published and unpublished studies from January 2007 on, available in English, Spanish and Portuguese. After all full texts are retrieved, the methodological quality assessment and data extraction will be independently and critically evaluated by two reviewers, and the data will then be presented in a tabular format. An explanatory synthesis will accompany the results. Whenever possible, a meta-analysis will be performed, and a Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Summary of Findings will be presented. Expected Results: This review will provide guidance on how family-centred educational interventions can be used as a resource to manage anxiety, pain, and behavior in children, adolescents and their relatives during the perioperative processes.

Introducción: Cada año, millones de personas menores y adolescentes se someten a cirugía, de las cuales entre el 50-75 % experimenta miedo y ansiedad. Las niñas y los niños son particularmente susceptibles al estrés y la ansiedad que rodea a la cirugía, como resultado de su desarrollo cognitivo, experiencias previas y conocimiento de la salud, lo que requiere intervenciones para prevenir y reducir estos síntomas. Objetivo: Esta revisión tiene como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas familiares centradas en la ansiedad, el dolor y los comportamientos de las personas menores y adolescentes y de sus progenitores en el período perioperatorio. Métodos: Esta revisión seguirá las pautas del Instituto Joanna Briggs para revisiones sistemáticas de efectividad y considerará estudios experimentales y cuasiexperimentales en los que las intervenciones educativas perioperatorias para medir el dolor, la ansiedad y los comportamientos en niñas, niños y adolescentes y la ansiedad de sus progenitores. Se ha realizado una búsqueda inicial limitada de MEDLINE y CINAHL. Además, una segunda búsqueda de estudios publicados y no publicados de enero de 2007 disponibles en inglés, español y portugués. Una vez recuperados los textos completos, dos revisores evaluarán críticamente, de forma independiente, la calidad metodológica y la extracción de datos y se presentarán en forma de tabla. Una síntesis narrativa acompañará a los resultados y, si es posible, se realizará un metanálisis y se presentará un Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Resultados esperados: Esta revisión brindará orientación sobre cómo las intervenciones educativas centradas en la familia pueden usarse como un recurso para controlar la ansiedad, el dolor y el comportamiento en niñas, niños, adolescentes y sus familias en el contexto perioperatorio.

Introdução: Todos os anos, milhões de crianças e adolescentes são submetidos a cirurgias e 50-75% apresentam medo e ansiedade. Crianças/adolescentes são particularmente suscetíveis ao stress e ansiedade em torno da cirurgia devido ao seu desenvolvimento cognitivo, experiências anteriores e conhecimento que possuem sobre os cuidados de saúde, necessitando de intervenções para a prevenção/redução destes sintomas. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de intervenções educacionais centradas na família na ansiedade, dor e comportamentos de crianças/adolescentes e ansiedade dos pais no período perioperatório. Métodos: Esta revisão seguirá a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs para revisões sistemáticas de eficácia e considerará estudos (experimentais e quase-experimentais) em que as intervenções educacionais perioperatórias tenham sido aplicadas a crianças/ adolescentes e seus pais e avaliadas a dor, ansiedade e comportamento em crianças/adolescentes e ansiedade dos pais como resultados. Uma pesquisa inicial limitada de MEDLINE e CINAHL foi realizada. Será seguida por uma segunda busca por estudos publicados e não publicados de janeiro de 2007 disponíveis em inglês, espanhol e português. Após a recuperação dos textos completos, a avaliação da qualidade metodológica e a extração de dados serão avaliadas de forma crítica e independente por dois revisores e apresentadas em forma de tabela. Uma síntese narrativa acompanhará os resultados e, se possível, uma meta-análise será realizada e um resumo das Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation apresentado. Resultados esperados: Esta revisão fornecerá orientações sobre como as intervenções educativas centradas na família podem ser utilizadas como um recurso para gestão da ansiedade, dor e comportamento em crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias no contexto perioperatório.

Continuous Psychological Nursing Based on Grey Clustering Algorithm in Patients after Transurethral Resection of Prostate.

Objective: To explore the effect of continuous psychological nursing based on the grey clustering algorithm on erectile function, bad psychological emotion, and complications in patients after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Methods: 98 patients who underwent TURP were randomly divided into observation and control groups (routine nursing). The observation group first used the grey clustering algorithm to evaluate the psychological intelligence, found patients with abnormal psychological behavior, and then implemented continuous psychological nursing combined with pelvic floor muscle exercise. The patients were followed up for 4 months. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), the incidence of complications, the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores, and the nursing satisfaction were analyzed and compared between these two groups. Results: The grey clustering algorithm can accurately reflect the characteristics of patients' psychological changes. After targeted nursing, compared with the control group, the IIEF-5 in the observation group was higher [(24.87 ± 1.85) vs. (22.24 ± 1.47), P < 0.05], the incidence of total complications was lower (10.20% vs. 26.53%, P < 0.05), the score of HAMA was lower [(6.11 ± 2.57) vs. (10.98 ± 2.29), P < 0.05], the score of HAMD was lower [(6.97 ± 2.85) vs. (11.35 ± 2.19), P < 0.05], and the nursing satisfaction was higher (100% vs. 85.71%, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Mental intelligence evaluation based on the grey clustering algorithm combined with pelvic floor muscle exercise can significantly improve the rehabilitation effect of erectile function in patients after TURP, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and alleviate patients' anxiety and depression.

Effect of an Oncology Nurse-Led Primary Palliative Care Intervention on Patients With Advanced Cancer: The CONNECT Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Guidelines recommend early specialty palliative care for all patients with advanced cancer, but most patients lack access to such services. Objective: To assess the effect of CONNECT (Care Management by Oncology Nurses to Address Supportive Care Needs), a primary palliative care intervention delivered by oncology nurses, on patient outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cluster randomized clinical trial of the CONNECT intervention vs standard care was conducted from July 25, 2016, to October 6, 2020. Participants were adult patients with metastatic solid tumors who were undergoing oncological care and for whom an oncologist would agree with the statement "would not be surprised if the patient died in the next year." The trial was conducted at 17 community oncology practices in western Pennsylvania. Data analyses adhered to the intention-to-treat principle. Interventions: The CONNECT intervention included 3 monthly visits with an existing infusion room nurse who was trained to address symptoms, provide emotional support, engage in advance care planning, and coordinate care. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was quality of life. At baseline and 3 months, participants completed assessments of quality of life (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative care: score range, 0-184, with higher scores indicating better quality of life), symptom burden (Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale: score range, 0-90, with higher scores indicating greater symptom burden), and mood symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]: score range, 0-21, with higher scores indicating substantial anxiety and depression). Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate adjusted mean differences in 3-month outcomes. Preplanned, intensity-adjusted analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 672 patients were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 69.3 [10.2] years; 360 women [53.6%]). The mean (SD) number of CONNECT visits completed was 2.2 (1.0). At 3 months, no difference in mean (SD) quality-of-life score was found between the CONNECT and standard care groups (130.7 [28.2] vs 134.1 [28.1]; adjusted mean difference, 1.20; 95% CI, -2.75 to 5.15; P = .55). Similarly, there was no difference between groups in 3-month mean (SD) symptom burden (23.2 [16.6] vs 24.0 [16.1]; adjusted mean difference, -2.64; 95% CI, -5.85 to 0.58; P = .11) or mood symptoms (HADS depression subscale score: 5.1 [3.4] vs 4.8 [3.7], adjusted mean difference, -0.08 [95% CI, -0.71 to 0.57], P = .82; HADS anxiety subscale score: 5.7 [3.9] vs 5.4 [4.2], adjusted mean difference, -0.31 [95% CI, -0.96 to 0.33], P = .34). Intensity-adjusted analyses revealed a larger estimated treatment effect for patients who received a full dose (3 visits) of the CONNECT intervention. Conclusions and Relevance: This cluster randomized clinical trial found that a primary palliative care intervention that was delivered by oncology nurses did not improve patient-reported outcomes at 3 months. Primary palliative care interventions with a higher dose intensity may be beneficial for most patients with advanced cancer who lack access to palliative care specialists. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02712229.

Factors affecting anxiety and depression in young breast cancer survivors undergoing radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: This study examined anxiety and depression, and their relationship with symptom assessment, uncertainty, social support, and stress in young breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. METHODS: This is a descriptive quantitative study. The participants were 126 patients under 50 years of age with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. RESULTS: The anxiety and depression levels were higher among those who were married (t = -2.318, p = .022), non-religious (t = 4.510, p = .005), and had a higher monthly income (F = 2.840, p = .041). The hierarchical regression analysis model included symptom assessment, uncertainty, social support, and stress, and accounted for about 49% of the variance in anxiety and depression (F = 7.688, p < .001). Additionally, uncertainty (ß = 0.304, p = .001) and stress (ß = 0.308, p = .001) were significant predictors of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, nursing interventions are needed to reduce uncertainty and stress in order to reduce anxiety and depression in young breast cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment.

The impact of intense nursing care in improving anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with liver cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Liver resection is a major, serious, and very delicate operation that should be done only by specialized, well-skilled, and experienced surgeons. However, the role of nurses, which has often been under-estimated, is also crucial for the success of the intervention or surgery. Intensive nursing care involves high quality nursing modes to achieve the expected goals of treatment smoothly and with less complications. In this analysis, we aimed to show the impact of intense nursing care in improving anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with intervention for liver cancers. METHODS: Data sources included EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, the Cochrane central, Google scholar, and http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov. Three authors independently extracted data from the selected original studies. The statistical analysis was carried out by the Cochrane based RevMan software. For dichotomous data, the number of events and the total number of participants were required and for the continuous data, mean, standard deviation as well as the total number of participants were required in the input for analysis. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to represent the data following assessment. RESULTS: A total of 1205 participants with liver cancer enrolled between the years 2010 to 2018 were included in this analysis whereby 667 participants were assigned to an intensive nursing care. Our current analysis showed that most of the patients who were assigned to an intense nursing intervention were significantly very satisfied with their quality of life (OR: 4.07, 95% CI: 1.45 - 11.45; P = .008). However, a minor number of patients with liver cancer who were not assigned to intense nursing care were significantly dissatisfied with their quality of life with OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.77; P = .02. This analysis also showed that self-rating anxiety score (SAS) and self-rating depression score (SDS) were significantly in favor of the participants with intense nursing care with OR: - 7.66, 95% CI: [(-9.66) - (-5.66)]; P = .00001 and OR: -7.87, 95% CI: [(-8.43) - (-7.26)]; P = .00001 respectively. In addition, physical function (OR: 13.56, 95% CI: 12.39 - 14.74; P = .00001), and total activity score (OR: 16.58, 95% CI: 13.51 - 19.65; P = .00001) were also significantly in favor of an intense nursing care. CONCLUSIONS: Our current analysis showed that intense nursing care significantly improved anxiety, depression, and quality of life following interventions in patients with liver cancers. Most of the patients with liver cancers who were assigned to an intense nursing care were very satisfied with their quality of life. However, this hypothesis should further be confirmed in larger nursing related studies based on patients with liver cancers.

Prática clínica de enfermagem para a redução da ansiedade em pacientes no pré-operatório cardíaco: pesquisa intervenção / Práctica clínica de enfermería para la reducción de la ansiedad en pacientes durante el preoperatorio de cirugías cardíacas: investigación e intervención / Clinical nursing practice for the reduction of anxiety in patients in the cardiac preoperative period: an intervention research

OBJETIVO: identificar a contribuição de intervenções de enfermagem para a redução da ansiedade em pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODO: estudo do tipo Pesquisa de Intervenção, realizado em dois meses de 2018, com 20 pacientes. A coleta de dados foi realizada em três momentos. RESULTADOS: revelou-se que o ser-cardíaco no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca é predominantemente do sexo masculino, hipertenso, aguardando realização de troca valvar. Mostraram-se fatores de risco significativos para a ansiedade: linguagem técnica dos profissionais, experiência prévia de cirurgia cardíaca e o cancelamento desta durante a internação. DISCUSSÃO: Estudos prévios também apresentaram resultados semelhantes aos encontrados neste, confirmando, ainda, o papel fundamental da enfermagem no enfrentamento da ansiedade que é tão comum na espera da cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: Neste contexto, as intervenções de enfermagem podem contribuir para significativa redução da ansiedade dos pacientes, gerando resultados positivos para o paciente e para a instituição de saúde.

OBJETIVO: identificar la contribución de las intervenciones de enfermería para reducir la ansiedad durante el período preoperatorio en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca. MÉTODO: Estudio Investigación e Intervención, realizado en dos meses de 2018, con 20 pacientes. La recolección de datos se realizó en tres momentos. RESULTADOS: se reveló que el paciente cardíaco en el período preoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca es predominantemente masculino, hipertenso y espera reemplazo valvular. Se advirtieron factores de riesgo significativos para la ansiedad: lenguaje técnico de los profesionales, experiencia previa en cirugía cardíaca y su cancelación durante la hospitalización. DISCUSIÓN: estudios anteriores arrojaron resultados similares a los encontrados en la presente investigación, confirmándose, no obstante, el papel fundamental de la enfermería en el manejo de la ansiedad, muy común cuando se espera por la cirugía. CONCLUSIÓN: en este contexto, las intervenciones de enfermería pueden contribuir a una reducción significativa de la ansiedad de los pacientes, generando resultados positivos para el paciente y la institución de salud.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the contribution of nursing interventions in order to reduce anxiety in patients in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery. METHOD: An Intervention Research study, conducted during two months of 2018 with 20 patients. Data collection was carried out in three moments. RESULTS: It was revealed that the cardiac patient in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery is predominantly male, hypertensive, awaiting valve replacement. Significant risk factors for anxiety were shown: the technical language of the professionals, previous experience of cardiac surgery, and its cancellation during hospitalization. DISCUSSION: Previous studies have also presented results similar to those found in this study, confirming the fundamental role of nursing in coping with anxiety which is so common when waiting for surgery. CONCLUSION: In this context, nursing interventions may contribute to a significant reduction in patients' anxiety, generating positive results for the patient and for the health institution.

Effect of continuous nursing interventions on valve noise-related anxiety and quality of life in patients who underwent mechanical mitral valve replacement.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of continuous nursing interventions on valve noise-related anxiety in patients undergoing mechanical mitral valve replacement (MVR) and to analyze its impact on patient quality of life. METHODS: Ninety patients who underwent mechanical MVR were divided into two groups. All patients in group A received routine nursing care. In addition to this intervention, an assigned nurse periodically provided patients in group B with continuous nursing interventions and ongoing health consultations during a 1-year follow-up. A hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale, a customized questionnaire and a Short Form Health Status 36 (SF-36) score questionnaire were used as the research tools. RESULTS: The postoperative HAD scores were better in group B than in group A, but the differences in most of the data were not statistically significant between the groups, except for HA sections 0-7 and 11-21. Based on the customized questionnaire, the subjective disturbance level was significantly lower in group B than in group A (the results of Q1 and Q4 were statistically significant). With regard to the SF-36 scores, group B was superior to group A in general health, emotional function and mental health, while the other dimensions had no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with routine care, patients who received continuous care intervention after mechanical MVR had fewer anxiety symptoms and better quality of life.

Práticas educativas no controle da ansiedade de pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: revisão integrativa / Educational practices on the anxiety control of patients in pre-operative heart surgery: integration review / Prácticas educativas en el control de la ansiedad de pacientes en preoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca: revisión integrativa

Objetivo: descrever, com base na literatura, as contribuições das práticas educativas para o controle da ansiedade de pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada no período de novembro a dezembro de 2017 nas Bases de Dados PubMed, Bases de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Biblioteca Regional de Medicina (BIREME), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), com a inclusão de 24 artigos que compuseram esse estudo. Resultados: sobre o diagnóstico ansiedade, os artigos analisados mostraram maior presença no sexo feminino, em diferentes faixas etárias, mas mais prevalente em idades mais avançadas. Educação em saúde tem apresentado excelentes resultados na diminuição da ansiedade, que uma vez realizada pelo enfermeiro, potencializa o cuidado. Conclusão: processos educativos realizados no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, auxiliam para uma boa recuperação, pois com o envolvimento do paciente no processo, o tornará tranquilo e confortável

Objective: to describe, based on the literature, the contributions of the educational practices to the control of the anxiety of patients in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery. Method: this is an integrative review carried out from November to December 2017 in the PubMed, Bases de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Biblioteca Regional de Medicina (BIREME), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), databases, with the inclusion of 24 articles that composed this study. Results: on the anxiety diagnosis, the articles analyzed showed greater presence in the female sex, in different age groups, but more prevalent at more advanced ages. Health education has presented excellent results in the reduction of anxiety, which once performed by the nurse, potentiates the care. Conclusion: educational processes performed in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery, help to a good recovery, because with the patient's involvement in the process, it will make him calm and comfortable

Objetivo: describir, con base en la literatura, las contribuciones de las prácticas educativas para el control de la ansiedad de pacientes en preoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca. El método: se trata de una revisión integrativa realizada en el período de noviembre a diciembre de 2017 en las Bases de PubMed, Bases de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Biblioteca Regional de Medicina (BIREME), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) y Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), con la inclusión de 24 artículos que compusieron ese estudio. Resultados: sobre el diagnóstico ansiedad, los artículos analizados mostraron mayor presencia en el sexo femenino, en diferentes edades, pero más prevalente en edades más avanzadas. La educación en salud ha presentado excelentes resultados en la disminución de la ansiedad, que una vez realizada por el enfermero, potencializa el cuidado. Conclusión: procesos educativos realizados en el preoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca, auxilian para una buena recuperación, pues con la participación del paciente en el proceso, lo hará tranquilo y confortable

Symptom Distress: Implementation of Palliative Care Guidelines to Improve Pain, Fatigue, and Anxiety in Patients With Advanced Cancer.

BACKGROUND: The integration of palliative care into standard oncology care is supported by research to improve quality of life and symptom distress in patients with advanced cancer. In 2016, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) released practice guidelines for oncology palliative care that emphasized interprofessional assessment and management of this patient population. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of clinical guidelines on symptom distress in patients with advanced cancer. METHODS: In two oncology palliative care clinics, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) scores for pain, fatigue, and anxiety were measured prior to consultation (T1) and at two subsequent visits (T2 and T3). A standardized documentation template was used to measure fidelity for key guideline components. FINDINGS: Pain, fatigue, and anxiety ESAS scores were statistically lower from T1 to T3. The frequency of patients having a decrease of 2 or more points for all symptoms increased compared to baseline data. There was 100% compliance to the documentation template during the guideline implementation.

Effectiveness of nursing interventions among patients with cancer: An overview of systematic reviews.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore nursing interventions used among patients with cancer and summarise the results of their effectiveness. The ultimate goal was to improve the quality of care and provide best evidence for clinicians to refer to while developing effective nursing interventions. BACKGROUND: Nursing interventions refer to actions that nurses take with the aim of improving the well-being of people with cancer-related health and care needs. A plethora of systematic reviews has been conducted in this research area, although with scattered results. We conducted a comprehensive review to identify and summarise the existing evidence. METHODS: This overview of systematic reviews adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched. Nine reviews reporting findings from 112 original studies published 2007-2017 met the selection criteria. The results of intervention effectiveness were analysed using descriptive quantification and a narrative summary of the quantitative data. RESULTS: The effectiveness of educational nursing interventions was inconsistent on quality of life (QoL), attitudes, anxiety and distress, but positive on level of knowledge, symptom severity, sleep and uncertainty. Psychosocial nursing interventions had a significant effect on spiritual well-being, meaning of life, fatigue and sleep. Psychological nursing interventions reduced cancer-related fatigue. Nursing interventions supporting patients' coping had a significant impact on anxiety, distress, fatigue, sleep, dyspnoea and functional ability. Activity-based interventions may prevent cancer-related fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing interventions achieved significant physical and psychological effects on the lives of patients with cancer. Multidimensional nature of interventions by combining different elements reinforces the effect. Priorities for future research include identifying the most beneficial components of these interventions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Implementation of these nursing interventions into clinical practice is important to improve patients' knowledge and QoL as well as reducing various symptoms and side effects related to cancer and its treatment.

Intervención de enfermería para modular el nivel de incertidumbre de pacientes pre-quirúrgicos / Nursing intervention to modulate the level of uncertainty of pre-surgical patients

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de una intervención de enfermería comparada con la intervención informativa habitual sobre el nivel de incertidumbre de un grupo de pacientes pre-quirúrgicos, controlando el nivel de ansiedad, en una institución privada de III nivel de atención de la ciudad de Girardot en el periodo noviembre del 2017 a mayo del 2018 Metodología: Abordaje cuantitativo, cuasi experimental, con pre y pos prueba, en un grupo experimental y control. Midiendo la ansiedad rasgo y estado con la escala de Idare y valorando el nivel de incertidumbre mediante la aplicación de la escala de incertidumbre del adulto (MIUS), elaborada por Merle Mishel, la muestra incluye pacientes que acuden a la valoración pre anestésico de una institución de salud, privada, de III nivel de la ciudad de Girardot Resultados: se encontraron niveles de ansiedad moderados y altos tanto para el grupo experimental como para el grupo comparación. Al igual que niveles de incertidumbre, medios y altos, en los dos grupos. El nivel de incertidumbre se modificó en el grupo experimental, lo cual se evidencio en los 4 factores de incertidumbre, teniendo marcada influencia en el factor ambigüedad, la cual aumento en 7 puntos después de la intervención, los demás factores, aunque se modificaron, no fueron tan significativos. Al estimar la correlación entre ansiedad e incertidumbre, el coeficiente de correlación fue de 0.035 p (<0.05), con un coeficiente de determinación de 0.238 lo que nos indica que a mayor ansiedad mayor incertidumbre; en los pacientes del estudio, la correlación es débil, pero significativamente diferente de 0. Conclusión: estos hallazgos, indican la necesidad de valorar la incertidumbre, e identificar factores que pueden estar relacionados, al ser altos predictores de la misma, como el dolor, la información y el apoyo social, que inciden positiva o negativamente en la aparición de la misma, las estrategias de enfermería utilizadas en este estudio, pueden considerarse, una herramienta, que permite el afrontamiento y la modulación del nivel de incertidumbre del paciente que va a ser intervenido quirúrgicamente. Discusión: aunque hay poca literatura al respecto, la existente señala, que la falta de información y el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento, facilitan la adaptación del proceso de vivir la cirugía, del paciente que será intervenido quirúrgicamente. Recomendaciones: el estudio de estos fenómenos, permite a la disciplina de enfermería, utilizarlos como sustento teórico-práctico en el desarrollo de programas que se ajusten a las necesidades de cuidado del paciente que será intervenido quirúrgicamente. (AU)

Objective: To determine the effect of a nursing intervention compared with the usual informative intervention on the level of uncertainty of a group of pre-surgical patients, controlling the level of anxiety, in a private institution of III level of care of the city of Girardot in the period November 2017 to May 2018 Methodology: Quantitative, quasi-experimental approach, with pre- and post-test, in an experimental and control group. Measuring the trait and state anxiety with the Idare scale and assessing the level of uncertainty through the application of the adult uncertainty scale (MIUS), developed by Merle Mishel, the sample includes patients who come to the pre-anesthetic assessment of an institution of health, private, of III level of the city of Girardot Results: moderate and high levels of anxiety were found for both the experimental group and the comparison group. As Levels of uncertainty, medium and high, in the two groups. The level of uncertainty was modified in the experimental group, which was evidenced in the 4 uncertainty factors, having a marked influence on the ambiguity factor, which increased by 7 points after the intervention, the other factors, although modified, were not so significant When estimating the correlation between anxiety and uncertainty, the correlation coefficient was 0.035 p (<0.05), with a coefficient of determination of 0.238, which indicates that the greater the anxiety, the greater the uncertainty; in the Study patients, the correlation is weak, but significantly different from 0. Conclusion: these findings indicate the need to assess uncertainty, and identify factors that may be related to being high predictors of it, such as pain, information and social support, which have a positive or negative impact on the appearance of it, The nursing strategies used in this study can be considered a strategy that allows coping and modulation of the level of uncertainty of the patient who is going to be operated on. Discussion: although there is little literature on the subject, the existing one points out that the lack of information and the use of coping strategies, facilitate the adaptation of the process of living the surgery, of the patient that will be operated surgically. Recommendations: the study of these phenomena allows the nursing discipline to be used as a theoretical and practical support in the development of programs that adjust to the needs of the patient who will be operated onAbstract. (AU)

The effect of nursing intervention on preoperative cataract.

This retrospective study investigated the effect of nursing intervention (NIV) in Chinese patients under preoperative cataract (PC). A total of 70 eligible patients with PC were included. Thirty-five patients in an intervention group received regular clinical treatment and NIV before the surgery, while the other 35 patients received regular clinical treatment only. The NIV was applied 4 sessions, 1 week before the surgery. The primary outcome of satisfaction was measured by 11-points visual analog scale. The secondary outcomes were measured by the functional impairment caused by cataract (the VF-14), cooperativeness during the surgery period, and sleep quality. All the outcome measurements were assessed before and after the surgery. After NIV, patients in the intervention group exerted better outcomes in decreasing anxiety (P < .01), increasing current experience with satisfaction (P < .01), and enhancing the cooperativeness during the surgery period (P < .01), compared to those outcomes in the control group. The results of this study showed that NIV may help increase satisfaction in experience and cooperation, and decrease anxiety in Chinese patients with PC.

Effects of Nurse-Led Intervention on Patients' Anxiety and Sleep Before Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

The aim of this study to examine the effects of supportive-educational nurse-led intervention on the patients' anxiety and sleep before the coronary artery bypass grafting.The current clinical trial recruited 160 patients (N = 160) waiting for the coronary artery bypass grafting by random block sampling and divided them into two 80-people experimental and control groups. Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory was completed on the first day. The Groningen's Sleep Quality Index was also completed by the patients on the day of surgery. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 16, using descriptive and inferential statistics tests.The mean anxiety score in the experimental group decreased to 48.39, whereas in the control group, the mean anxiety score saw a rise after the intervention (61.09). The comparison of the mean quality of sleep the night before the surgery for both groups showed that sleep in the control group compared with sleep in the experimental group had a lower quality, and statistically, it was significant (P < .001).Results showed that nonpharmacological and supportive interventions can reduce patients' anxiety and sleep disturbance before the coronary artery bypass grafting. According to the results, nonpharmacological therapies should be placed at the top of nurses' tasks.

[The role of the nurse in supporting smoking cessation]. / Le rôle de l'infirmière dans l'aide au sevrage tabagique.

A study was carried out in May 2014 of the first 100 patients who came to seek help to stop smoking in 2013 with the first contact led by a nurse. A mail-questionnaire was sent to this group of patients to evaluate their smoking status and the nurse's first contact organization. Among 34% respondents, 40% had not smoked for at least eight months. Three quarters had found this nursing support useful highlighting the added value of a nurse in supporting first contact in the smoking cessation process.

A Distress Thermometer Intervention for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the feasibility of an intervention using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer and Problem List with nurse-guided follow-up and the effect on depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life, and worry of cancer in patients with head and neck cancer.
. SAMPLE & SETTING: 110 patients with head and neck cancer in a two-arm randomized, controlled trial in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital. 
. METHODS & VARIABLES: Patients were randomized to usual care (n = 57) or the intervention group (n = 53), which consisted of screening with the Distress Thermometer and Problem List plus nurse-guided follow-up lasting about 20 minutes three to four times during 12 months. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed using linear mixed models with outcomes at 6 and 12 months and baseline adjustment.
. RESULTS: The intervention showed moderate compliance and acceptable session duration. Intervention participants were satisfied with nurses' care. Depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life, and worry of cancer were not significantly different in the two treatment groups. The intervention seemed feasible in clinical practice, but no effects on patient outcomes were seen.
. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Patients with head and neck cancer appreciated the opportunity to discuss their problems and challenges with a nurse. Nurses supported patients with basic psychosocial care, minor interventions, and referral possibilities.

The effects of individually tailored nurse navigation for patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer: a randomized pilot study.

AIM: Our aim was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of an individual, nurse-navigator intervention for relieving distress, anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life in women who have been treated for breast cancer (BC) and are experiencing moderate-to-severe psychological and physical symptoms. METHODS: Fifty women with newly diagnosed BC who reported distress (score ≥7 on distress thermometer) before surgery were included consecutively in a pilot study and randomized 1:1 to the intervention or the control group. The intervention comprised repeated screening with patient reported outcome measures and nurse navigation. A total of 66 women who were not distressed (score <7) were followed longitudinally as an observational group. Participants filled in four questionnaires, at baseline, after 6 months and 12 months. The primary outcome was psychological distress and the secondary outcomes were anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life and feasibility of the intervention. RESULTS: Women in the intervention group reported significantly greater satisfaction with treatment and rehabilitation and lower levels of distress (mean 2.7 vs. 5.1, p<.01), anxiety (mean 5.1 vs. 7.8, p = .02) and depression (mean 2.2 vs. 4.4, p = .04) after 12 months compared to the control group. No significant effects were seen on health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows promising feasibility of the individually tailored nurse-navigation intervention and while no significant effects were observed after 6 months, we did find statistically significant effects on distress, anxiety and depression 12 months after diagnosis. Our results will assist in developing rehabilitation to the most vulnerable patients.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Essential facts An estimated three million people have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the UK, but less than one third are diagnosed. COPD refers to a group of lung conditions that make it difficult to empty air out of the lungs because the airways have narrowed.

Supporting the psychological needs of teenagers and young adults during cancer treatment: a literature review.

BACKGROUND: The developmental period of the teenage years and young adulthood can be a challenging time for most. Experiencing a diagnosis of cancer during this time inevitably presents further challenges and concerns. Identifying such issues can help to provide better ways of understanding the patients' experience and their needs, offering nurses insight to enhance care and support for teenagers and young adults (TYAs) undergoing cancer treatments. AIM: To explore the literature regarding the psychological issues faced by TYAs during cancer treatment to inform nursing practice. METHOD: A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted using predetermined search terms which yielded relevant articles. Applying an inclusion and exclusion criteria identified six articles that were deemed appropriate to explore the focus question. RESULTS: A thematic analysis identified three main themes and five sub-themes: anxieties about treatment, concerns regarding the impact on life (feeling restricted and different, the benefits of being sick, facing uncertainty) and coping strategies (positive thinking and problem solving, support). CONCLUSION: Teenagers and young adults face a unique set of psychological concerns and challenges during cancer treatment, resulting in the development of specific coping strategies. These strategies should be promoted by nurses, ensuring patients are supported throughout their cancer journey.