[The technology for manufacturing antiparasitic preparations. 6. The development of a technology for producing the anthelmintic Azinox (praziquantel) and the evaluation of its toxic and anthelmintic properties]. / Tekhnologiia proizvodstva protivoparazitarnykh preparatov. 6. Razrabotka tekhnologii polucheniia antigel'mintika Azinoksa (prazikvantelia) i otsenka ego toksicheskikh i protivogel'mintnykh svoistv.

The paper outlines a procedure for manufacturing the anthelminthic Azinox (biltricide) using the new interfacial transfer catalyst benzyl-di-propyl (beta-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride. Azinox has been shown to be identical to biltricide (praziquantel) in its properties. Azinox tests on models of Opisthorchis felineus in golden hamsters and of Hymenolepis nana in albino outbred mice have indicated that the agent is not inferior to biltricide in its antitrematodal and anticestodal activities. Azinox displayed a high activity at the preimaginal stages of O. felineus and H. nana and at the larval stage of H.nana.

Experimental Schistosoma bovis infection in goats: pathological consequences of praziquantel treatment.

Schistosoma bovis-infected goats were treated with praziquantel (60 mg/kg) and killed for examination 1, 7 or 28 days later. Infected non-treated goats and parasite-free, treated or non-treated goats were included for comparison. The gross pathological changes seen in the infected non-treated groups were mild to moderate. The liver appeared discoloured and moderately enlarged. The intestinal lesions were most prominent in the small intestines, which showed catarrhal inflammation with numerous tiny corpuscles beneath the luminal surface. The mesenteric lymph nodes were slightly to moderately enlarged. In contrast, on macroscopical examination, the infected treated groups invariably showed pronounced liver changes and marked enlargement of the lymph nodes, whereas the lesions in the intestines were comparatively slight. Histological lesions related to dead worms were seen in the livers of all treated animals. These lesions included pronounced inflammatory cellular infiltrates, thrombophlebitis, necrosis and periportal fibrosis, still severe 4 weeks after treatment. In the intestines, the deposition of new eggs with little cellular reaction had almost completely ceased 1 week after treatment. Four weeks after treatment, only a very few egg-associated lesions were noted in the intestines. The presence of severe lesions attributable to dead worms in the liver indicates the need for caution when treating animals with high worm loads or concomitant liver disease.

[The results of an experimental study of an anti-Opisthorchis preparation made from plant raw material]. / Rezul'taty éksperimental'nogo izucheniia protivoopistorkhoznogo preparata iz rastitel'nogo syr'ia.

Agents and biologically active fractions derived from medical plants grown in Siberia were tested in vitro and in vivo. The extract from the aspen bark displayed the highest antiopisthorchiatic activity. This agent given at a concentration of 10(-3) caused 100% death of Opisthorchis 72 hours later. In golden hamster experiments, the efficiency of the aspen bark extract was 73.48-83.0%. Butanolic and ethylacetatic extracts were found to have the greatest antiopisthorchiatic activity. The results of chemical and chromatographic studies indicated that active fractions contained salicine and its derivatives. The aspen bark extract produces no substantial toxic effect on laboratory animals and belongs to the class "Low-toxic substances".