Preparación global en materia de violencia familiar del especialista de medicina general integral / Overall preparedness of family medicine specialists with respect to family violence

Introducción: Los especialistas de medicina general integral muestran un insuficiente desempeño en la detección, evaluación e intervención ante casos de violencia. Objetivo: Evaluar la preparación global en materia de violencia familiar del especialista de medicina general integral. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, durante el primer semestre de 2019, que incluyó a 55 especialistas de medicina general integral, a los que se les aplicó un cuestionario, a partir de las tres dimensiones derivadas de la preparación global: A. prevención del riesgo, detección temprana y patogenia; B. evaluación y diagnóstico; C. intervención y seguimiento. Estas se operacionalizaron a través de veinte indicadores y en su evaluación se definieron cinco categorías o niveles: muy elevado, elevado, medio, bajo y muy bajo. Resultados: En las tres dimensiones exploradas se constató un predominio franco de la alternativa regularmente preparado, seguida por mal preparado. Por su parte, bien preparado, muy bien preparado y excelentemente preparado mostraron los porcentajes más bajos en todas las áreas. El 92,72 por ciento exhibió un nivel de preparación global muy bajo. El nivel de preparación global medio representó el 3,64 por ciento; y el nivel bajo, el 3,64 por ciento. Conclusiones: Existen insuficiencias en el orden cognitivo, axiológico y procedimental, que demuestran que la preparación global de estos profesionales en materia de violencia familiar tiene un limitado alcance para afrontar las variadas formas de expresión de este reprobable comportamiento(AU)

Introduction: Family medicine specialists show insufficient performance in the detection, evaluation and intervention in cases of violence. Objective: To evaluate the overall preparedness of family medicine specialists with respect to family violence. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out during the first semester of 2019 with 55 family medicine specialists, who were applied a questionnaire, based on the three dimensions derived from overall preparedness: A. risk prevention, early detection and pathogenesis; B. evaluation and diagnosis; and C. intervention and follow-up. These were operationalized through twenty indicators and, through their evaluation, five categories or levels were defined: very high, high, medium, low and very low. Results: In the three explored dimensions, there was a clear predominance of the category fairly prepared, followed by poorly prepared. On the other hand, the categories well prepared, very well prepared and excellently prepared showed the lowest percentages in all the areas. A very low level of overall preparedness was found in 92.72 percent. A medium level of overall preparedness accounted for 3.64 percent, while a low level corresponded to 3.64 percent. Conclusions: There are insufficiencies in the cognitive, axiological and procedural order, which shows that the overall preparedness of these professionals with respect to family violence has a limited scope to face the varied forms of expression of this reprehensible behavior(AU)

A surgical needs assessment for airway rapid responses: A retrospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Airway rapid response (ARR) teams can be compiled of anesthesiologists, intensivists, otolaryngologists, general and thoracic surgeons, respiratory therapists, and nurses. The optimal composition of an ARR team is unknown but considered to be resource intensive. We sought to determine the type of technical procedures performed during an ARR activation to inform team composition. METHODS: A large urban quaternary academic medical center retrospective review (2016-2019) of adult ARR patients was performed. Analysis included ARR demographics, patient characteristics, characteristics of preexisting tracheostomies, incidence of concomitant conditions, and procedures completed during an ARR event. RESULTS: A total of 345 ARR patients with a median age of 60 years (interquartile range, 47-69 years) and a median time to ARR conclusion of 28 minutes (interquartile range, 14-47 minutes) were included. About 41.7% of the ARR had a preexisting tracheostomy. Overall, there were 130 procedures completed that can be performed by a general surgeon in addition to the 122 difficult intubations. These procedures included recannulation of a tracheostomy, operative intervention, new emergent tracheostomy or cricothyroidotomy, thoracostomy tube placement, initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and pericardiocentesis. CONCLUSION: Highly technical procedures are common during an ARR, including procedures related to tracheostomies. Surgeons possess a comprehensive skill set that is unique and comprehensive with respect to airway emergencies. This distinctive skill set creates an important role within the ARR team to perform these urgent technical procedures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Epidemiologic/prognostic, level III.

La superación de la enfermera en la atención integral a la familia con enfermo oncológico / The upgrade of the nurse in the comprehensive care to the family with oncological patients

RESUMEN Introducción: la enfermera que se desempeña en los consultorios de la Atención Primaria de Salud, asume la responsabilidad de propiciar una atención integral al familiar encargado del cuidado del enfermo oncológico. Objetivo: diseñar una propuesta de superación para el perfeccionamiento de la actuación de la enfermera en la atención integral a la familia con enfermo oncológico. Materiales y métodos: se efectuó una investigación de desarrollo en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas Dr. Juan Guiteras Gener, durante el curso 2018-2019. Se utilizó una muestra de 23 enfermeras de los consultorios de la atención primaria del municipio de Matanzas. Se analizaron los documentos que avalan su desempeño profesional. Se diseñó una encuesta dirigida a la identificación de las necesidades de aprendizaje y una guía de observación para caracterizar el modo de actuación del profesional de Enfermería. Se aplicaron entrevistas a supervisoras y directivos. Resultados: el análisis de las encuestas aplicadas a la muestra seleccionada y las observaciones realizadas a las actividades en el hogar, permitieron detectar las necesidades de aprendizaje para el perfeccionamiento de la atención integral a la familia con enfermo oncológico. Las entrevistas realizadas a supervisoras y directivos corroboraron la necesidad de la propuesta. Conclusiones: se diseñó un curso de posgrado para el perfeccionamiento de la actuación de los profesionales de la Enfermería, relacionado con el cuidado integral a la familia con enfermos oncológicos en la Atención Primaria de Salud (AU).

ABSTRACT Introduction: the nurse who works in the primary health care consultations assumes the responsibility of providing comprehensive care to the relative who takes care of oncological patients. Objective: to design a proposal of upgrading to improve the performance of the nurse in the comprehensive care to the family with an oncological patient. Materials and methods: a development research was conducted in the Faculty of Medical Sciences Dr. Juan Guiteras Gener, of Matanzas, during the school year 2018-2019. The sample was 23 nurses from the primary health care offices of the municipality of Matanzas. The documents that support their professional performance were analyzed. A survey was designed to identify learning needs and also an observation guide to characterize the performance of the nursing professional. Interviews were conducted with supervisors and managers. Results: the analysis of the surveys applied to the chosen sample and the observations made to the activities carried out at home, made it possible to determine the learning needs for the improvement of the comprehensive care to the families with oncological patients. Interviews with supervisors and managers confirmed the necessity of the proposal. Conclusions: a postgraduate course was designed for the improvement of nursing professionals' performance, aimed to the comprehensive care to families with oncological patients in the primary health care (AU).

Barreras identificadas por pacientes con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 en su atención integral / Barriers identified for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in their integral care

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 es un problema de salud a escala mundial. Existe interés creciente por la calidad de la atención integral a nivel primario y centrada en el paciente. Objetivo: Identificar las principales barreras desde la perspectiva de las personas con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 sobre su atención integral, en áreas de salud seleccionadas. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, descriptiva y transversal, durante el 2017, para la cual se crearon 6 grupos focales. La muestra estuvo constituida por 56 personas con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2, pertenecientes a los policlínicos José Antonio Echeverría, Héroes del Moncada y el Centro de Atención al Diabético de Cárdenas, provincia de Matanzas, así como los policlínicos Carlos J. Finlay, Julián Grimau y el Centro de Atención al Diabético del municipio de Santiago de Cuba, provincia de igual nombre. Resultados: Predominaron las personas de la tercera edad, del sexo femenino. Las barreras estuvieron relacionadas con el tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico, el seguimiento en los servicios de salud, así como el apoyo y la comunicación por parte del personal de salud de los consultorios del médico de la familia; esta última afectó la relación personal de salud - paciente. Conclusión: A pesar de los diferentes contextos geográficos existieron puntos en común. A medida que se intervenga con estrategias acertadas para eliminar las barreras percibidas por los pacientes con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2, existirá mejoraría en su estado de salud.

Introduction: The type 2 diabetes mellitus is a health problem worldwide. There is a growing interest for the quality of integral care at primary level and focused on the patient. Objective: To identify the main barriers from the perspective of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus on their integral care, in selected health areas. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation was carried out during 2017, for which 6 focal groups were created. The sample was constituted by 56 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, belonging to José Antonio Echeverría, Héroes del Moncada polyclinics and the Diabetic Care Center, in Cárdenas, the province of Matanzas, as well as Carlos J. Finlay, Julián Grimau polyclinics and the Diabetic Care Center in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba, in the province with the same name. Results: There was a prevalence of the elderly from the female sex. The barriers were related to the pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment, the follow up in the health services, as well as the support and the communication on the part of the health staff in the family doctor offices; this latter affected the relationship health staff - patient. Conclusion: In spite of the different geographical contexts there were points shared by them. As one takes the control with relevant strategies to eliminate the barriers perceived by the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their health state will improve.

A Population-Based Intervention to Improve Care Cascades of Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in the United States and leads to significant morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Simplified screening recommendations and highly effective direct-acting antivirals for HCV present an opportunity to eliminate HCV. The objective of this study was to increase testing, linkage to care, treatment, and cure of HCV. This was an observational, prospective, population-based intervention program carried out between September 2014 and September 2018 and performed in three community health centers, three large multiclinic health care systems, and an HCV patient education and advocacy group in King County, WA. There were 232,214 patients included based on criteria of documented HCV-related diagnosis code, positive HCV laboratory test or prescription of HCV medication, and seen at least once at a participating clinical site in the prior year. Electronic health record (EHR) prompts and reports were created. Case management linked patients to care. Primary care providers received training through classroom didactics, an online curriculum, specialty clinic shadowing, and a telemedicine program. The proportion of baby boomer patients with documentation of HCV testing increased from 18% to 54% during the project period. Of 77,577 baby boomer patients screened at 87 partner clinics, 2,401 (3%) were newly identified HCV antibody positive. The number of patients staged for treatment increased by 391%, and those treated increased by 1,263%. Among the 79% of patients tested after treatment, 95% achieved sustained virologic response. Conclusion: A combination of EHR-based health care system interventions, active linkage to care, and clinician training contributed to a tripling in the number of patients screened and a more than 10-fold increase of those treated. The interventions are scalable and foundational to the goal of HCV elimination.

Slow medicine: a philosophical conception for a humanized geriatric practice / Slow medicine: uma concepção filosófica para uma prática geriátrica humanizada

Expansion of the concept of health, care fragmentation, and technology overvaluation have fostered discussions about the limitations of the biomedical model. The post-COVID-19 era can be one of the largest and best windows of opportunity for implementation of interventions aimed at promoting health equity, particularly in geriatrics. The mission of Slow Medicine can be summarized in three keywords: measured, because it acts with moderation, gradually and without waste; respectful, because it seeks to preserve the dignity and values of each person; and equitable, because it is committed to ensuring access to appropriate care for all. Operationally, the Slow Medicine movement is known internationally for the "Doing more does not mean doing better" campaign, whose objective is essentially to reflect upon and try to engage physicians in reflective practices to avoid the overuse of medical resources, both diagnostically and therapeutically. In this article, we present a brief historical summary and the principles that guide the praxis of the Slow Medicine movement, and invite the reader to reflect on a "geriatrics without haste."

A ampliação do conceito de saúde, a fragmentação do cuidado e a hipervalorização das tecnologias têm fomentado discussões acerca das limitações do modelo biomédico. A era pós-COVID-19 pode ser uma das maiores e melhores janelas de oportunidade para a promoção de intervenções destinadas à promoção da equidade em saúde, particularmente na geriatria. A missão da Slow Medicine pode ser sintetizada em três palavras-chave: sóbria, porque atua com moderação, gradativamente e sem desperdícios; respeitosa, porque zela pela preservação da dignidade e dos valores de cada pessoa; equitativa, porque tem o compromisso de garantir o acesso a cuidados adequados para todos. Operacionalmente, o movimento Slow Medicine é conhecido internacionalmente pela campanha "Fazer mais não significa fazer melhor", cujo objetivo é essencialmente refletir e tentar implantar entre os médicos práticas reflexivas que combatam a sobreutilização de recursos médicos, tanto diagnósticos como terapêuticos. Neste artigo, apresentamos um breve resumo histórico e dos princípios que pautam a práxis do movimento Slow Medicine, e convidamos o leitor a refletir sobre uma "geriatria sem pressa"

Evaluation of a National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines-Based Decision Support Tool in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The association of guideline-based decision support with the quality of care in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not known. Objective: To evaluate the association of exposure to the National Comprehensive Cancer Center (NCCN) guidelines with guideline-concordant care and patients' decisional conflict. Design, Setting, and Participants: A nonrandomized clinical trial, conducted at a tertiary care academic institution, enrolled patients from February 23, 2015, to September 28, 2017. Data analysis was conducted from July 19, 2019, to April 22, 2020. A cohort of 76 patients with NSCLC seen at diagnosis or disease progression and a retrospective cohort of 157 patients treated before the trial were included. Adherence to 6 NCCN recommendations were evaluated: (1) smoking cessation counseling, (2) adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage IB to IIB NSCLC after surgery, (3) pathologic mediastinal staging in patients with stage III NSCLC before surgery, (4) pathologic mediastinal staging in patients with stage III NSCLC before nonsurgical treatment, (5) definitive chemoradiotherapy for patients with stage III NSCLC not having surgery, and (6) molecular testing for epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase alterations for patients with stage IV NSCLC. Subgroup analysis was conducted to compare the rates of guideline concordance between the prospective and retrospective cohorts. Secondary end points included decisional conflict and satisfaction. Interventions: An online tool customizing the NCCN guidelines to patients' clinical and pathologic features was used during consultation, facilitated by a trained coordinator. Main Outcomes and Measures: Concordance of practice with 6 NCCN treatment recommendations on NSCLC and patients' decisional conflict. Results: Of the 76 patients with NSCLC, 44 were men (57.9%), median age at diagnosis was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR], 41-87 years), and 59 patients (77.6%) had adenocarcinoma. In the retrospective cohort, 91 of 157 patients (58.0%) were men, median age at diagnosis was 66 years (IQR, 61-65 years), and 105 patients (66.9%) had adenocarcinoma. After the intervention, patients received more smoking cessation counseling (4 of 5 [80.0%] vs 1 of 24 [4.2%], P < .001) and less adjuvant chemotherapy (0 of 7 vs 7 of 11 [63.6%]; P = .012). There was no significant change in mutation testing of non-squamous cell stage IV disease (20 of 20 [100%] vs 48 of 57 [84.2%]; P = .10). There was no significant change in pathologic mediastinal staging or initial chemoradiotherapy for patients with stage III disease. After consultation with the tool, decisional conflict scores improved by a median of 20 points (IQR, 3-34; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this study suggest that exposure to the NCCN guidelines is associated with increased guideline-concordant care for 2 of 6 preselected recommendations and improvement in decisional conflict. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03982459.

Understanding how e-health interventions meet psychosocial needs of breast cancer patients: The pathways of influence on quality of life and cancer concerns.

OBJECTIVE: This investigation explores how using different e-health interventions facilitates positive psychosocial changes and how these changes reduce cancer concerns and improve quality of life in breast cancer patients over time. METHODS: A total of 326 breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to one of three e-health interventions: (a) Internet only, (b) the Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System information and support services (CHESS-IS), or (c) CHESS with mentor. Proximal health outcomes such as information overload, emotional functioning, and social support were measured alongside distal outcomes like cancer concerns and quality of life. Participants completed surveys at four time points: pretest as a baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: Both interventions were effective in improving patient health beyond Internet only but they differed in type of change mechanism and clinical benefit. The CHESS-IS enhanced proximal outcomes at 3 months through improved information competence. The CHESS with mentor intervention reduced breast cancer concerns at 6 months, mediated mainly by emotional-social competence and emotional functioning. CONCLUSIONS: Using e-health interventions like CHESS can help patients improve cancer information management skills and emotional functioning, contributing to better short-term health outcomes. Adding a human mentor can enhance the benefits of CHESS use, extending the experience among breast cancer patients. Theoretical, practical, and clinical implications of the study results are discussed.

Association of Palliative Care Use and Setting With Health-care Utilization and Quality of Care at the End of Life Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Palliative care is associated with improved survival and quality of life among patients with lung cancer; however, its influence on health-care utilization and quality of care is unclear. RESEARCH QUESTION: Is palliative care, and the setting in which it occurs, associated with health-care resource utilization and quality of care among patients with advanced lung cancer? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of 23,142 patients with stage IIIB/IV lung cancer in the Veterans Affairs HealthCare System between 2007 and 2013. Exposures included the receipt of specialist-delivered palliative care, and the setting of the initial palliative care encounter (inpatient or outpatient) received after cancer diagnosis. Primary outcomes included rates of ED visits, along with rates of hospitalization and odds of ICU admission within the last 30 days of life. Secondary outcomes included any health-care utilization (ED, hospital, or ICU) related to chemotherapy toxicity. We used propensity score methods to perform Poisson and logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: Among the 23,142 patients, 57% received palliative care, and 36% of initial palliative care encounters were outpatient. Compared with no palliative care, initial palliative care encounter in the outpatient setting was associated with reduced rates of ED visits (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.96) and hospitalizations in the last 30 days of life (aIRR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.59-0.70). Initial palliative care encounters in both inpatient (adjusted OR [aOR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.53-0.75) and outpatient (aOR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.35-0.52) settings were associated with reduced odds of ICU admission in the last 30 days of life. Palliative care was also associated with reduced health-care utilization related to chemotherapy toxicity (aOR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.95). INTERPRETATION: Palliative care (particularly in outpatient settings) is associated with reduced health-care utilization at the end of life and may improve the quality of care among patients with advanced lung cancer. These findings support the role of palliative care as an important component of comprehensive cancer care and highlight the potential benefits of outpatient palliative care services.

Managing Cancer Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is posing insurmountable challenges to healthcare systems globally. Cancer therapy is complex, and outcomes are centered on timing. Many oncology societies and health ministries have issued guidelines for cancer care to enable oncologists and patients to navigate the crisis. Lessons learned should inform care models for future pandemics.

A patient-centered medical home model for comprehensive sickle cell care in infants and young children.

BACKGROUND: The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) has been proposed as a model for comprehensive care coordination and delivery for children with sickle cell disease (SCD), yet little is known regarding the implementation of PCMH core concepts on adherence to preventative care measures, health care utilization, and parent satisfaction. PROCEDURE: We implemented the newborn cohort clinic (NCC) to explore the application of the PCMH model for infants and children with SCD from birth to age 3 years in 2011. In July 2017, we conducted a retrospective chart review to evaluate subjects currently or previously followed in the clinic. We surveyed parents in the NCC to assess their satisfaction with their experience. RESULTS: A total of 112 patients have been managed in the NCC. All patients received penicillin prophylaxis, while 70% and 73% of patients, respectively, received the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine and an initial transcranial Doppler by age 36 months. Most (92 of 112) of the subjects utilized the emergency department (569 encounters), with 86% of encounters for fever or other sickle cell-related complications. The majority of parents indicated satisfaction with the clinic, with 71% saying clinic providers always or usually spent enough time with their child, listened carefully to them (81%) and were sensitive to family values and customs (77%). CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive sickle cell clinic as a component of a PCMH is feasible and can achieve high levels of preventative care. Parents are largely satisfied with this model of care.

The Improvement in 1-Year Survival Rate of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma BCLC Stage A and B after the Implementation of Comprehensive Management.

BACKGROUND: The previous study showed lack of improvement in survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in 2013-2014 period compared to 1998-1999 period in Indonesia due to late diagnosis. Comprehensive management of HCC has been implemented since 2015 in Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. This aims to provide better screening and surveillance in HCC patients and prioritizing of more proactive approach, such as online patient's group discussion and social media education. AIM: To compare the survival rates in HCC BCLC stage A and B before and after the implementation of comprehensive management. METHODS: A retrospective study design was conducted in this study. We compared the database of HCC BCLC A and B patients between the 2015-2017 period and the 2013-2014 period. Clinical parameters, modality of treatment, and 1-year survival rate were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 50 patients from 2013 to 2014 period and 143 patients from 2015 to 2017 period were included in this study. After the implementation of comprehensive management, the number of patients detected in BCLC class A increased significantly (p = 0.003). In 2015-2017 period, the number of patients that received curative treatment increased significantly (p = 0.018). The 1-year survival rate of the 2015-2017 group and the 2013-2014 group was 73.9% and 47.9%, respectively, with p value 0.002. CONCLUSIONS: The 1-year survival rate of BCLC A and BCLC B HCC patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital improved significantly after the implementation of comprehensive management of HCC in 2015.

Protocolo de manejo clínico da Covid-19 na atenção especializada / Covid-19 clinical management protocol in specialized care

Em novembro de 2019 um surto de doença respiratória, causado pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), foi detectado na cidade de Wuhan, na China. Em dois meses foram confirmados milhares de casos de Covid-19 (atual denominação da doença), que resultaram em inúmeros óbitos. Em março de 2020, o novo coronavírus disseminou-se para mais de uma centena de países, continuando a causar doença respiratória e óbitos, especialmente em grupos de risco como idosos, gestantes, imunodeprimidos e outros. O mundo vivenciou duas epidemias anteriores de coronavírus ­ SARS e MERS, com as quais a Covid-19 apresenta similaridades. No entanto, esta epidemia se destaca pela rapidez de disseminação, a severidade e as dificuldades para contenção, tanto que a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) declarou pandemia pelo novo coronavírus em 11 de março de 2020, e os países estão empreendendo enormes esforços para conter o surto e reduzir a letalidade. No Brasil, em 22 de janeiro de 2020, foi ativado o Centro de Operações de Emergências em Saúde Pública para o novo coronavírus (COE Covid-19), estratégia prevista no Plano Nacional de Resposta às Emergências em Saúde Pública do Ministério da Saúde. A vigilância epidemiológica de infecção humana pelo SARS-CoV-2 está sendo construída à medida que a OMS consolida as informações recebidas dos países e novas evidências técnicas e científicas são publicadas. Desse modo, o documento apresentado está sendo estruturado com base nas ações já existentes para notificação, registro, investigação, manejo e adoção de medidas preventivas, em analogia ao conhecimento acumulado sobre o SARS-CoV e MERS-CoV (que nunca ocorreram no Brasil), SARS-CoV-2 e no Protocolo de tratamento de Influenza: 2017 do Ministério da Saúde. Além disso, as recomendações também estão pautadas no Consenso de Especialistas para o Manejo Clínico da Covid-19 (Anexo), realizado nos dias 10 e 11 de março de 2020, na sede da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde (Opas/OMS) em Brasília, quando estiveram reunidos especialistas nacionais e internacionais para discussão e aprofundamento sobre o assunto. Considerando a Portaria GM/MS n.º 454, de 20 de março de 2020, que declara, em todo o território nacional, o estado de transmissão comunitária do novo coronavírus (Covid-19), recomenda-se que todos os estabelecimentos de saúde estabeleçam diagnóstico sindrômico para o atendimento de casos suspeitos de Covid-19 independentemente do fator etiológico da doença. Como toda normatização e pela dinâmica da pandemia, este Protocolo está sujeito a ajustes decorrentes da sua utilização prática e das modificações do cenário epidemiológico, podendo sofrer alterações conforme novos conhecimentos acerca da doença forem divulgados.

Saúde e empoderamento das mulheres: estudo de caso do Programa Mais Médicos em municípios com presença de médicos cubanos / Women's health and empowerment: a case study of the More Doctors Program in municipalities with Cuban physicians / Salud y empoderamiento de las mujeres: estudio de caso del programa Mais Médicos en municipios con presencia de médicos cubanos

Objetivo. Descrever as representações de ser mulher das usuárias do Programa Mais Médicos (PMM), com perspectiva de gênero e raça, e as mudanças que o PMM trouxe quanto ao empoderamento e cuidado da saúde. Métodos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso descritivo, de corte transversal. O trabalho de campo foi realizado mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicação de uma técnica evocativa de associação de palavras e grupos focais em municípios com médicos cubanos, com amostras de tipo nominal para escolha dos municípios e de tipo intencional para a escolha de participantes. O tamanho das amostras foi definido em campo com base na técnica da saturação teórica. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo e análise prototípica. Resultados. A cobertura da atenção básica foi fortalecida com os aportes do programa, segundo os quatro gestores entrevistados. As mulheres (103 na técnica evocativa e 120 nos grupos focais) relataram mudanças no modelo de atendimento, que se tornou mais humanizado, com impacto sobre sua percepção sobre os serviços de saúde, sobre a consulta médica, sobre os médicos e sobre a imagem de si mesmas e, em menor medida, sobre as práticas de cuidado da saúde. Conclusões. O PMM trouxe ganhos no empoderamento individual das mulheres, com reflexos potencialmente positivos para os comportamentos em saúde.(AU)

Objective. To describe the representations of being a woman by users of the More Doctors Program (Programa Mais Médicos, PMM) in Brazil, exploring the perspectives of gender and race, and the changes produced by PMM in terms of empowerment and health care. Methods. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The field work was performed using semi-structured interviews, with application of an evocative word technique and focal groups in municipalities with Cuban physicians, with nominal selection of municipalities and intentional selection of participants. The size of the sample was defined in the field based on saturation. The data were analyzed by content and prototypical analyses. Results. Primary health care coverage was strengthened by the PMM, according to the four municipal health secretaries interviewed. Participants (103 in the evocative technique and 120 from focal groups) reported changes in the model of care, which became more humanized, with impact on their perception of health care services, medical consultations, and physicians, on the image they had of themselves and, to a lesser extent, on their health care practices. Conclusions. PMM produced individual empowerment gains for study participants, with potentially positive impacts on health care behaviors.(AU)

Objetivo. Describir las representaciones de la condición de ser mujer hechas por las usuarias del programa Mais Médicos, con una perspectiva de género y raza, y los cambios producidos por este programa en materia de empoderamiento y cuidado de la salud. Métodos. Se trata de un estudio de caso descriptivo y transversal. El trabajo de campo se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, con aplicación de una técnica evocadora de asociación de palabras y grupos focales en municipios con presencia de médicos cubanos, con muestras de tipo nominal para la selección de los municipios y de tipo intencional para la selección de las participantes. El tamaño de las muestras se definió sobre el terreno con base en la técnica de la saturación teórica. Los datos se sometieron a análisis prototípico y de contenido. Resultados. Los aportes del programa fortalecieron la cobertura de la atención básica, según lo expresado por los cuatro gestores entrevistados. Las mujeres (103 de las entrevistadas con la técnica evocadora y 120 de los grupos focales) relataron cambios en los modelos de atención que hicieron que la atención se torne más humanizada y que incidieron en su percepción de los servicios de salud, las consultas médicas, los médicos, la imagen de sí mismas y, en menor grado, las prácticas de cuidado de la salud. Conclusiones. El programa Mais Médicos implicó adelantos en materia de empoderamiento individual de las mujeres, con repercusiones potencialmente favorables en los patrones de comportamiento relacionados con la salud.(AU)

Maternidade modelo com atendimento exclusivo de enfermeiros: representações sociais / Materrnidad institución modelo con atención exclusiva de enfermeras: representaciones sociales / Model maternity with exclusive care by nurses: social representations

OBJETIVO: Determinar, com base na percepção das usuárias, o tipo de modelo de atenção de uma maternidade cujo atendimento é exclusivamente realizado por enfermeiras. MÉTODO: Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, baseada na teoria das representações sociais de Moscovici, cujo cenário foi uma maternidade. Os atores sociais foram 34 usuárias atendidas durante a fase perinatal. RESULTADOS: os dados foram codificados a partir das informações coletadas das entrevistadas, extraindo as categorias: educação, cultura, humanismo, trinômio, gênero e administração, como elementos integrativos. DISCUSSÃO: na perspectiva global, novas perspectivas de atenção podem ser oferecidas, tanto para a teoria quanto para a prática, criando assim políticas públicas de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: as usuárias percebem o modelo que atenta ao parto natural como cuidado baseado na educação e interculturalidade, o que possibilita a assistência humanizada de gênero e personalizada pelas enfermeiras para o trinômio.

OBJETIVO: Determinar con base en la percepción de las usuarias el tipo de modelo de atención en una maternidad atendida exclusivamente por enfermeras. MÉTODO: Investigación con enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo, direccionada por la teoría de las representaciones sociales de Moscovici; cuyo escenario fue una maternidad donde los actores sociales fueron treinta y cuatro usuarias que recibieron la atención durante la etapa perinatal. RESULTADOS: a partir de la información obtenida de las entrevistas se codificaron los datos, extrayendo las categorías: educación, cultura, humanismo, trinomio, género y administración como elementos integrativos. DISCUSIÓN: en perspectiva global puede brindarse nuevas perspectivas de cuidado, tanto para la teoría como para la práctica y así generar políticas públicas de salud. CONCLUSIÓN: las usuarias perciben el modelo con atención del parto natural con cuidado basado en la educación, interculturalidad, que posibilita el cuidado humanizado de género y personalizado por las enfermeras para el trinomio.

AIM: Determine, based on the perception of the users, the type of model of attention of a maternity hospital whose care is exclusively performed by nurses. METHOD: Research of qualitative and descriptive approach, based on Moscovici's theory of social representations, whose scenario was a maternity hospital. The social actors were 34 users assisted during the perinatal phase. RESULTS: The data were coded from the information collected from the interviewees, extracting the categories: education, culture, humanism, trinomial, gender and administration, as integrative elements. DISCUSSION: From a global perspective, new perspectives of attention can be offered for both theory and practice, thus creating public health policies. CONCLUSION: the users perceive the model that pays attention to natural childbirth as care based on education and interculturality, which enables the humanized assistance of gender and personalized by nurses for the trinomial.

Síndrome do túnel do carpo associada à amiloidose / Carpal tunnel syndrome associated with amyloidosis

Introdução: A amiloidose é caracterizada pela deposição de proteínas nos órgãos e tecidos, e tem sido associada à síndrome do túnel do carpo (STC) quando ocorre no punho. O objetivo é descrever uma série de casos de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para STC associado à amiloidose. Métodos: O estudo incluiu 12 pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia para tratar a STC cuja biópsia identificou amiloidose; o seguimento foi de cinco anos. Os pacientes foram avaliados por testes clínicos, eletroneuromiografia, imagens radiológicas e biópsia. Resultados: Todos os pacientes apresentaram queixas musculoesqueléticas, sintomas severos de compressão do nervo mediano, alterações nos testes neurofisiológicos. Realizou-se a cirurgia, sinovectomia e biópsia. No pós-operatório, cinco pacientes (41%) desenvolveram dor crônica e distrofia simpático-reflexa. Conclusão: Observou-se maior frequência de dor pós-operatória na amostra, o que revela a necessidade de atenção na abordagem e tratamento dessa associação.

Introduction: Amyloidosis features protein deposition in the organs and tissues and has been associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) when it occurs in the wrist. The objective is to describe a case series of patients undergoing surgery for CTS associated with amyloidosis. Methods: The study included 12 patients who underwent surgery to treat CTS in whom amyloidosis was proven by biopsy; the follow-up period was 5 years. The patients were evaluated by clinical tests, electroneuromyography, radiological images, and biopsy. Results: All patients presented with musculoskeletal complaints, severe symptoms of median nerve compression, and changes on neurophysiological tests. Surgery, synovectomy, and biopsy were performed. In the postoperative period, five patients (41%) developed chronic pain and reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Conclusion: A higher frequency of postoperative pain was observed in the patients, demonstrating the need for caution in the approach and treatment of this association.

Anotações da equipe de enfermagem: a (des)valorização do cuidado pelas informações fornecidas / Annotations of the nursing team: the (dis)appreciation of care for the information provided / Anotaciones del equipo de enfermería: a (des)valorización del cuidado por la información suministrada

Objetivo: Analisar as anotações da equipe de enfermagem nos prontuários de crianças hospitalizadas e discutir as informações descritas pela enfermagem e suas implicações para a assistência à criança. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida em enfermaria pediátrica de Hospital Geral. Dados extraídos da consulta em prontuários. Análise temática. Resultados: As anotações estavam relacionadas a dados que indicavam funcionamento gastrintestinal, atividade motora, interpretação das alterações dos sinais vitais, uso de dispositivos tecnológicos, e cuidados de enfermagem como curativos e higiene corporal. O espaço destinado à anotação da equipe de enfermagem era restrito a folha de prescrição médica que era ínfimo e não havia identificação do profissional. Conclusão: Os profissionais de enfermagem se limitavam a descrever na folha de prescrição médica informações que não refletiam o seu cuidado e a real condição clínica da criança quanto à qualidade da assistência de enfermagem. Em contrapartida, não havia um movimento dos próprios profissionais de enfermagem para garantir um espaço no prontuário como membro da equipe de saúde

Objectives: to analyze the annotations of the nursing team in the charts of hospitalized children and to discuss the information described by nursing and its implications for child care. Methods: Qualitative research developed in pediatric ward of General Hospital. Data extracted from the consultation in medical records. Thematic analysis. Results: The annotations were related to data indicating gastrointestinal functioning, motor activity, interpretation of vital signs alterations, use of technological devices, and nursing care as dressings and body hygiene. The space destined to the annotation of the nursing team was restricted to medical prescription sheet that was insignificant and there was no identification of the professional. Conclusion: Nursing professionals only described in the medical prescription sheet information that did not reflect their care and the actual clinical condition of the child regarding the quality of nursing care. On the other hand, there was no movement of the nursing professionals themselves to guarantee a space in the medical record as a member of the health team

Objetivos: analizar las anotaciones del equipo de enfermería en los prontuarios de niños hospitalizados y discutir las informaciones descritas por la enfermería y sus implicaciones para la asistencia al niño. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa desarrollada en enfermería pediátrica de Hospital General. Datos extraídos de la consulta en fichas. Análisis temático. Resultados: Las anotaciones estaban relacionadas con datos que indicaban funcionamiento gastrointestinal, actividad motora, interpretación de las alteraciones de los signos vitales, uso de dispositivos tecnológicos, y cuidados de enfermería como curativos e higiene corporal. El espacio destinado a la anotación del equipo de enfermería era restringido a la hoja de prescripción médica que era ínfimo y no había identificación del profesional. Conclusión: Los profesionales de enfermería se limitaban a describir en la hoja de prescripción médica informaciones que no reflejaban su cuidado y la real condición clínica del niño en cuanto a la calidad de la asistencia de enfermería. En cambio, no había un movimiento de los propios profesionales de enfermería para garantizar un espacio en el prontuario como miembro del equipo de salud