Mental health care of health workers during Covid-19: Recommendations based on evidence and expert consensus.

INTRODUCTION: The crisis situation generated by COVID-19 and the measures adopted have generated social changes in the normal dynamics of the general population and especially for health workers, who find themselves caring for patients with suspected or confirmed infection. Recent studies have detected in them depression and anxiety symptoms and burnout syndrome, with personal and social conditions impacting their response capacity during the health emergency. Our aim was to generate recommendations for the promotion and protection of the mental health of health workers and teams in the first line of care in the health emergency due to COVID-19. METHODS: A rapid literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar, and an iterative expert consensus and through electronic consultation, with 13 participants from the areas of psychology, psychiatry and medicine; the grading of its strength and directionality was carried out according to the international standards of the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: Thirty-one recommendations were generated on self-care of health workers, community care among health teams, screening for alarm signs in mental health and for health institutions. CONCLUSIONS: The promotion and protection activities in mental health to face the health emergency generated by COVID-19 worldwide can include coordinated actions between workers, health teams and health institutions as part of a comprehensive, community care, co-responsible and sustained over time.

Patient experiences of self-care management after radical prostatectomy.

PURPOSE: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer form in Sweden and side effects of the leading treatment, radical prostatectomy, include urinary leakage and erectile dysfunction. Patients are recommended to perform self-care to reduce side effects, but their experiences of performing self-care management after radical prostatectomy are largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to deepen the understanding about patient experiences of support for managing self-care during the first six months after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Eighteen patients were consecutively recruited six months after surgery and individual interviews were conducted. The study had a descriptive qualitative approach and inductive content analysis was used. RESULTS: Patients described self-care management during the first half-year after surgery as a progression with growth in self-management skills through interconnected phases, from initially striving to get a grasp of the situation and find supportive relationships, to getting grounded in the new situation and taking command of the situation. At six months after surgery, patients had reached a point where they needed to maneuver feelings about long-term consequences. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized routines ensure a certain level of care, but are sparsely adjustable to patients' progression in self-care management. For sustained self-care behaviors, tailored and interactive support is required from multiple disciplines and peers, in order for a patient to get grounded in and take command of the situation.

Faith Community Nursing: Faith Element Enhances Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Program Outcomes.

The high prevalence of hypertension among African Americans makes faith-based education programs culturally appropriate. Faith-enhanced health education is a way to reach these often healthcare-disenfranchised populations. With Every Heartbeat is Life (WEHL), a community-based heart health program, was enhanced with Scripture and prayer for this project. The program took place in an African American nondenominational church. The Scripture-enhanced WEHL program emphasized biblical teachings of self-care with standard lessons on nutrition, exercise, smoking cessation, and disease management interventions that increased knowledge of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risks.

Adolescent Patients' Management of Postoperative Pain after Discharge: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Adolescents are typically admitted for a short period of time after inpatient surgery, leaving much of their recovery to occur at home. Pain, and thus pain management, is a major component of recovery at home. Research among pediatric outpatient surgical patients has found that pain experienced in the community setting after discharge is often severe and is related to knowledge deficits resulting in inadequate pain management. However, there is little research on community pain management after inpatient surgery. AIM: This study aimed to explore the pain experiences of seven adolescents who underwent inpatient surgery. DESIGN: This study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis as a methodology. SETTING: This study took place at a pediatric tertiary care hospital in Canada. PARTICIPANTS: 7 adolescents participated, all of whom underwent inpatient surgery with admission between 2-14 days in length. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted 2 to 6 weeks post-discharge. RESULTS: Three themes were identified that described their experiences, including managing severe pain at home with minimal preparation, changes in the parent-child relationship, and difficulties returning to school and regular activities. CONCLUSIONS: Involving adolescents directly in discharge education, particularly with the use of novel interventions and coaching, may improve outcomes. KEY PRACTICE POINTS: Adolescent patients experience significant pain after discharge from hospital after inpatient surgical procedures. Adolescents are in need of adolescent-specific pain management education to increase skill and knowledge and address pain management-related misconceptions. Greater emphasis on involving adolescents in their own pain care and novel intervention could prove useful in improving outcomes.

The Effect of Self-Care Program Based on Modeling and Role Modeling Theory on Body Image Nurturance in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

One of the most critical disorders among patients with colorectal cancer is a change in their body image. This study aimed to examine the effect of a self-care program based on the modeling and role-modeling theory on nurturing body image of patients with colorectal cancer. In 2018, a 2-group randomized clinical trial was conducted in Mashhad, Iran. According to the modeling and role-modeling theory, 27 patients allocated in the experimental group received five 30- to 45-minute sessions at the hospital and 4 sessions of phone counseling within 2 weeks. Twenty-seven patients randomly allocated in the control group received the routine care. Data were collected by demographic and body image scales 3 times with the patients. The mean age of the patients in experimental and control groups was not significantly different (P = .46). The mean scores of the body image at the admission time were 26.8 ± 2.6 in the experimental and 27.9 ± 3.1 in control groups (P = .12). However, the mean scores of body image of the experimental group were 24.3 ± 4.6 at the discharge time and 28.1 ± 2.1 during the follow-up phase. In the control group, the body image scores were 21.0 ± 5.6 at discharge time and 22.9 ± 6.1 during the follow-up phase. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the 2 groups (P ≤ .001). Application of the self-care program based on the modeling and role-modeling theory can play a critical role in nurturing the body image of patients with colorectal cancer.

Validation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Self-Care Inventory-revised for adults with type 2 diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of SCI-R to adults with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods The SCI-R is a 15-question survey that reflects how well patients with diabetes have adhered to treatment recommendations. A pretest (n = 40) was first performed to improve comprehension of the survey items. A final version was then self-administered in another 75 adults with type 2 diabetes to determine the survey's reliability and validity according to its association with HbA1c. Finally, we conducted a test-retest reliability analysis over three weeks to stabilize the sample and determine intra-observer variability. Results After the pretest phase, the final sample's (N = 75) mean age was 59.9 ± 7.5 years and mean HbA1c level was 8.6 ± 1.5% (70 ± 16.4 mmol/mol). The initial Cronbach's alpha was 0.61; however, further analysis showed that four items had low item correlation and were excluded from the final version, which increased the Cronbach's alpha to 0.63. In predictive validity analysis, HbA1c levels correlated significantly with total survey scores (r = -0.38, P = 0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient between baseline and three-week scores was 0.93, which indicates high reproducibility. Conclusions The Brazilian Portuguese version of the SCI-R is a valid tool for measuring treatment adherence in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Variability in Wound Care Recommendations Following Dermatologic Procedures.

BACKGROUND: Dermatologists routinely perform office-based surgical procedures that result in cutaneous wounds. Wound care instructions are an important resource for postoperative patients. As there is no consensus on the ideal wound care regimen after dermatologic procedures, recommendations may vary. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the current recommendations for wound care following dermatologic procedures. METHODS: The authors conducted a cross-sectional assessment of dermatology wound care handouts available online. The handouts were evaluated based on predefined parameters: topical agent recommendations for wound healing, caution against topical antibiotic use, and discussion of scarring, infection, bleeding, analgesia, and lifestyle considerations. RESULTS: A total of 169 handouts were evaluated. The majority (84%) recommended the application of petrolatum-based products, specifically Vaseline (75%) and Aquaphor (43%). Nearly half (43%) recommended the use of topical antibiotics, whereas 24% advised patients to avoid antibiotic ointments. Handouts variably addressed scarring (36%), infection (72%), bleeding (69%), pain (66%), and lifestyle modifications (64%). CONCLUSION: The instructions provided in dermatology patient handouts are highly variable, with various topical agents being recommended for wound healing. Topical antibiotics are not indicated for prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures but are still widely used. Greater efforts should be made to ensure that patients receive consistent and evidence-based wound care guidance.

Self-Care and Quality of Life in Elderly Chinese Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

The authors in this study explored the relationship between self-care agency and quality of life in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. A convenience sample of 157 patients was interviewed. The levels of both self-care agency and quality of life were close to the mean. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that quality of life was positively correlated with self-care agency and the self-care subgroups of abilities, responsibility, esteem, and evaluation. Improved self-care agency and the four subscale items could enhance quality of life. Intervention programs for benign prostatic hyperplasia patients must emphasize self-care agency so as to improve their health behavior and quality of life.

Design and Validation of Education Multimedia Program for Patients With Fecal Diversions: A Quality Improvement Project to Enhance Self-Care.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to design and validate a multimedia educational software program for patients with fecal diversions. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Ten individuals who had fecal diversion surgery and 10 experts including nurses, physicians, nutritionists, and information technologists from Imam Khomeini and Rasule Akram Hospitals, Tehran, Iran, the 2 main centers in which fecal diversion surgery took place, were included in the study. APPROACH: The multimedia educational software for patients with ostomy was developed in 3 phases including development and creation, validity, and modification of the software. Data for phase 1 were collected using 2 questionnaires, the Multimedia Survey Questionnaire for Clients and the Multimedia Survey Questionnaire for Experts, and several open-ended questions to further determine the content and face validity of the multimedia content for the education prototype. OUTCOMES: The mean ± standard deviation [SD] of multimedia evaluation by the 10 patients was 60 ± 3.27, indicating high user satisfaction. The mean ± SD of multimedia evaluation by the 10 experts was 171.1 ± 19.2, suggesting the content was of high quality. Content and face validity were reported to be 0.91 and 0.96, respectively. The program was then created and called "Self-Care of Ostomy," which consisted of 8 computer-based modules with 22 short videos and slide presentations available for viewing by patients with newly created ostomies. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This multimedia program can provide patients with simple, portable, understandable, objective, user-friendly information about ostomy care. Future studies should address the effectiveness of ostomy management among patients, families, and care providers.

Association between knowledge and adherence to foot self-care practices performed by diabetics / Asociación entre conocimiento y adherencia a las prácticas de autocuidado con los pies realizadas por diabéticos / Associação entre conhecimento e adesão às práticas de autocuidado com os pés realizadas por diabéticos

ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify the association between knowledge and adherence to foot self-care practices performed by patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive study carried out with 197 patients in basic health units located in the Northeast region of Brazil. For data collection, we used a semi-structured questionnaire that addressed issues inherent to knowledge and Diabetes Self-Care Activities. Results: we observed that patients with moderate knowledge about self-care practices were more likely to perform foot self-examination, dry the interdigital spaces, moisturize their feet with creams and oils, observe the presence of mycosis and ingrown toenail when compared to patients with insufficient knowledge. Conclusions: the patients' level of knowledge was closely related to the self-care activities carried out, which reinforces the importance of nurses working on training those on essential health care.

RESUMEN Objetivos: verificar la asociación entre conocimiento y adherencia a las prácticas de autocuidado de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, realizado con 197 pacientes en unidades básicas de salud ubicadas en el Noreste de Brasil. Para la recopilación de datos, fue utilizado un cuestionario semiestructurado que aborda temas relacionados con el conocimiento y las actividades de autocuidado, como la diabetes. Resultados: ha observado que los pacientes con control moderado sobre las prácticas de autocuidado han tenido más probabilidades de realizar autoexamen de los pies, secar los espacios interdigitales, hidratar los pies con cremas y aceites, observar la presencia de micras y uña encarnada, en comparación a los pacientes con conocimiento insuficiente. Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento de los pacientes estaba estrechamente relacionado con las actividades de autocuidado realizadas, lo que refuerza la importancia del enfermero actuar en la capacitación de aquellos acerca de los cuidados esenciales con su salud.

RESUMO Objetivos: verificar a associação entre o conhecimento e a adesão às práticas de autocuidado com os pés realizadas por pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado com 197 pacientes em unidades básicas de saúde localizadas na região Nordeste do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado que abordava questões inerentes ao conhecimento e às Atividades de Autocuidado com o Diabetes. Resultados: observou-se que os pacientes com conhecimento moderado sobre as práticas de autocuidado tiveram mais chances de realizar autoexame dos pés, secar os espaços interdigitais, hidratar os pés com cremes e óleos, observar a presença de micose e unha encravada, quando comparados aos pacientes com conhecimento insuficiente. Conclusões: o nível de conhecimento dos pacientes apresentou estreita relação com as atividades de autocuidado realizadas, o que reforça a importância de o enfermeiro atuar na capacitação daqueles sobre os cuidados essenciais com sua saúde.

Usability of a mobile application on diabetic foot self-care / Usabilidad de una aplicación móvil en el cuidado con el pie diabético / Usabilidade de um aplicativo móvel sobre o autocuidado com o pé diabético

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the usability of an app prototype for diabetic foot self-care by an end user. Methods: a descriptive study that uses heuristic assessment of a hybrid app usability. Fifteen users of an outpatient diabetes care service in a capital of Northeastern Brazil participated in the study during April 2018. The usability measurement tool called Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE was applied. Results: the lowest score was 77 and the highest was 112, with an average usability of 96.1 points. Usability was framed in the last two levels, 70 and 8o. Users now strongly agree (level 70) and fully (level 80) with the assessed items, which represents good usability of the apps prototype. Conclusions: the final product developed focuses on user needs and requirements, which can ensure usability based on effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction triad.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la usabilidad del usuario final de un prototipo de aplicación para el autocuidado del pie diabético. Métodos: evaluación descriptiva, heurística de la usabilidad de una aplicación híbrida. Quince usuarios de un servicio ambulatorio de atención de diabetes en una capital del noreste de Brasil participaron en abril de 2018. Se aplicó el instrumento brasileño de medición de usabilidad llamado Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE. Resultados: el puntaje más bajo fue 77 y el más alto fue 112, con una usabilidad promedio de 96.1 puntos. La usabilidad se enmarcó en los dos últimos niveles, 70 y 80. Los usuarios ahora están totalmente de acuerdo (nivel 70) y totalmente (nivel 80) con los elementos evaluados, lo que representa una buena usabilidad del prototipo de una aplicación. Conclusiones: el producto final desarrollado se centra en las necesidades y requisitos del usuario, que pueden garantizar la usabilidad en función de la eficacia, eficiencia y satisfacción de la tríada.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a usabilidade pelo usuário final de um protótipo de aplicativo para o autocuidado com o pé diabético. Métodos: estudo descritivo, de avaliação heurística da usabilidade de um aplicativo híbrido. Participaram 15 usuários de um serviço ambulatorial de atenção à pessoa com diabetes de uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro durante o mês de abril de 2018. Foi aplicado o instrumento de mensuração de usabilidade chamado Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE. Resultados: obteve-se como menor escore 77 e maior 112, com média de usabilidade geral de 96,1 pontos. A usabilidade foi enquadrada nos dois últimos níveis, 70 e 80. Os usuários passam a concordar fortemente (nível 70) e totalmente (nível 80) com os itens avaliados, o que representa boa usabilidade do protótipo de aplicativo. Conclus ões: o produto final desenvolvido tem foco nas necessidades e exigências do usuário, o que pode garantir a usabilidade, com base na tríade eficácia, eficiência e satisfação.

Homeless people's social representations about self-care / Representaciones sociales de personas en situación de calle acerca del "cuidar de sí" / Representações sociais de pessoas em situação de rua sobre "cuidar de si"

ABSTRACT Objectives: To capture and analyze the structure of homeless people's social representations about self-care. Methods: Research based on the theory of social representations, with 122 people in street situation. A semistructured questionnaire and free evocation technique were applied with the inducing words "caring for myself is". The evocations were processed by the software Evoc and Iramuteq, allowing to identify central and peripheral elements and the connection between them. Results: For the group studied, "feeding oneself, personal hygiene, protecting oneself and visiting the doctor" are actions and attitudes that represent caring for themselves. In the streets, "feeding oneself" is an essential action for living/surviving that underpins the others. Final considerations: Despite behaviors based on the biomedical model, self-care was represented by extended actions to meet basic human needs. This study offers elements of reflection to rethink care practices developed by health professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender y evaluar la estructura de las representaciones sociales de personas en situación de calle acerca del cuidado de sí. Métodos: investigación con base en la teoría de las representaciones sociales, en la cual participaron 122 personas en situación de calle. Se aplicaron un cuestionario semiestructurado y la técnica de evocaciones libres con el término inductor "cuidar de mí es". Se procesaron las evocaciones en los softwares Evoc e Iramuteq, lo que permitió identificar los elementos centrales, periféricos y la conexión entre ellos. Resultados: para el grupo investigado, "alimentarse, tener higiene personal, prevenirse e ir al médico" son acciones y actitudes que representan el cuidado de uno mismo. En las calles, "alimentarse" es una acción esencial para la (super)vivencia que abarca las demás. Consideraciones finales: a pesar de comportamientos con base en el modelo biomédico, el cuidado de sí fue representado por acciones ampliadas para satisfacer las necesidades humanas básicas. Este estudio aporta elementos reflexivos para repensar las prácticas de cuidado desarrolladas por profesionales de la salud.

RESUMO Objetivos: apreender e analisar a estrutura das representações sociais de pessoas em situação de rua sobre o cuidado de si. Métodos: pesquisa fundamentada na teoria das representações sociais, com 122 pessoas em situação de rua. Aplicou-se questionário semiestruturado e técnica de evocações livres com o termo indutor "cuidar de mim é". As evocações foram processadas pelos softwares Evoc e Iramuteq, permitindo identificar elementos centrais, periféricos e a conexidade entre eles. Resultados: para o grupo pesquisado, "se alimentar, ter higiene pessoal, se prevenir e ir ao médico" são ações e atitudes que representam o cuidado de si. Nas ruas, "se alimentar" é uma ação essencial para (sobre)vivência que sustenta as demais. Considerações finais: apesar de comportamentos pautados no modelo biomédico, o cuidado de si foi representado por ações ampliadas para satisfazer as necessidades humanas básicas. Esse estudo oferece elementos de reflexão para repensar práticas de cuidado desenvolvidas por profissionais de saúde.

Factors Affecting Self-Care Behavior Levels among Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Quantile Regression Approach.

Background and objectives: Identifying factors that affect self-care according to low, middle, and high self-care levels among elderly patients with diabetes is the best way to prevent various life-threatening complications, and this can be accomplished by using an individualized approach to improve self-care. A quantile regression model is beneficial for estimating such factors because it allows the consideration of the entire conditional distribution of a dependent variable as it relates to independent variables. The objective of this study was to identify factors that affect self-care among elderly patients with diabetes using quantile regression. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of elderly patients with diabetes was conducted using the Self-Care Scale and six other related scales at three medical health centers in South Korea. Results: In the 10% quantile, the factors affecting self-care were age, smoking within the past six months, being educated about diabetes, depression, knowledge related to diabetes, self-efficacy, diabetes distress, and family support. Additional factors were as follows: age, smoking within the past six months, self-efficacy, and diabetes distress in the 25% quantile; age, self-efficacy, perceived health status, and diabetes distress in the 50% quantile; age, self-efficacy, perceived health status, and diabetes distress in the 75% quantile; and self-efficacy and perceived health status in the 90% quantile. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, suggestions include providing education for sub-groups incapable of self-care, teaching stress management strategies, and increasing family support. In addition, for individuals capable of self-care, simplified programs that consist of self-efficacy improvement and stress control strategies are necessary.

Validation of a booklet on self-care with the diabetic foot / Validación de cartilla sobre autocuidado con pies de personas con Diabetes Mellitus / Validação de cartilha sobre autocuidado com pés de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the validation of the booklet on self-care with the feet of people with diabetes. Method: methodological study, focusing on the validation of a printed booklet. The content and appearance of the booklet was validated by 23 judges divided into three groups: 11 content and appearance, seven technicians and five of the area of design and marketing. The appearance was validated by 30 people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Results: the judges in the nursing area allowed the validation of material with a Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.99, judges in the area of design and marketing with Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) of 99.2% and the target audience with concordance index of 99.4%. Conclusion: the educational booklet proved to be valid and reliable educational material to be used in order to promote compliance with self-care with the feet of people with Diabetes Mellitus.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la validación de cartilla sobre el autocuidado con pies de personas con diabetes. Método: estudio metodológico, con foco en la validación de cartilla impresa. El contenido y apariencia de la cartilla fue validado por 23 jueces divididos en tres grupos: 11 de contenido y aspecto, siete técnicos y cinco del área de diseño y marketing. La apariencia fue validada por 30 personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Resultados: los jueces en el área de enfermería posibilitaron la validación del material con Índice de Validez del Contenido (IVC) total de 0,99, jueces del área de diseño y marketing con Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM): 99,2% y el público objetivo con índice de concordancia: 99,4%. Conclusión: la cartilla educativa se mostró material educativo válido y confiable para ser utilizada, a fin de promover la adhesión al autocuidado con los pies de personas con Diabetes Mellitus.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a validação de cartilha sobre o autocuidado com pés de pessoas com diabetes. Método: estudo metodológico, com foco na validação de cartilha impressa. O conteúdo e aparência da cartilha foi validado por 23 juízes divididos em três grupos: 11 de conteúdo e aparência, sete técnicos e cinco da área de design e marketing. A aparência foi validada por 30 pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Resultados: os juízes na área de enfermagem possibilitaram a validação do material com Índice de Validade do Conteúdo (IVC) total de 0,99, juízes da área de design e marketing com Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM): 99,2% e o público-alvo com índice de concordância: 99,4%. Conclusão: a cartilha educativa mostrou-se material educativo válido e confiável para ser utilizada, a fim de promover a adesão ao autocuidado com os pés de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus.

Safe Medication Management at Ambulatory Surgery Centers.

Safe medication management is an important aspect of preventing patient harm. Medication management in the ambulatory setting can be complicated because of state and federal regulations and requirements imposed by accrediting organizations. Ambulatory surgery center leaders should review their medication management programs internally to assess their comprehensiveness in terms of efficiency, meeting regulatory requirements, and keeping patients safe. Partnering with a pharmacist or pharmacy consultant can be a useful way to address challenges with proper medication management. Perioperative medication use and administration, postoperative pain management, medication disposal, staff member and physician education, proper documentation in the medical record by all disciplines, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacy compounding needs, and controlled medication management and oversight are all important components of this segment of care. Ensuring that medication management programs at ambulatory surgery centers meet all regulatory and patient safety requirements is essential.

Identifying and integrating patient and caregiver perspectives in clinical practice guidelines for percutaneous renal biopsy.

AIM: Percutaneous renal biopsy is often essential for providing reliable diagnostic and prognostic information for people with suspected kidney disease, however the procedure can lead to complications and concerns among patients. This study aims to identify and integrate patient priorities and perspectives into the Kidney Health Australia - Caring for Australasians with Renal Impairment clinical practice guidelines for renal biopsy, to ensure patient-relevance. METHODS: We convened a workshop, consisting of three simultaneous focus groups and a plenary session, with 10 patients who had undergone a renal biopsy and seven caregivers. Topics and outcomes prioritized by patients and their caregivers were compared to those identified by the guideline working group, which was comprised of seven nephrologists. Transcripts and flipcharts were analyzed thematically to identify the reasons for participants' choices. RESULTS: In total, 34 topics/outcomes were identified, 14 of which were common to the list of 28 previously identified by the guideline working group. Most of the new topics identified by patients/caregivers were related to communication and education, psychosocial support, and self-management. We identified five themes underpinning the reasons for topic and outcome selection: alleviating anxiety and unnecessary distress, minimizing discomfort and disruption, supporting family and caregivers, enabling self-management, and protecting their kidney. A new topic on patient care and education was added to the guideline as a result. CONCLUSIONS: Patient and caregiver involvement in developing guidelines on renal biopsy ensured that their concerns and needs for education, psychosocial support, and self-management were explicitly addressed; enabling a patient-centred approach to renal biopsies.

Self-Measured Arm Circumference in Women With Breast Cancer Is Reliable and Valid.

Background: Prospective surveillance by physical therapists enables early detection and treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Strategies to increase access to prospective surveillance could reduce the burden of BCRL on patients and the health system. One potential solution is self-managed surveillance that does not require in-person assessment by a specialized physical therapist. Objective: The objective was to develop and test the reliability and validity of a written and video-supported protocol for women with breast cancer to self-measure arm circumference. Design: This was a cross-sectional reliability and validity study. Results: The intrarater reliability between CIRself_home and CIRself_lab and the interrater reliability between CIRself_lab and CIRther was high to excellent for both arms in both groups (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥0.86). VOLself_lab correlated strongly with VOLper (r ≥ 0.95), demonstrating excellent validity. Participants reported strong intention, self-efficacy, and positive attitude toward the performance of self-managed surveillance for BCRL, which was not perceived to increase worry about having or getting BCRL. Methods: Participants with (n = 20) and without (n = 21) BCRL completed self-measurement of arm circumference on both arms at home (CIRself_home) and at the lab (CIRself_lab) (intrarater reliability). The CIRself_lab was subsequently compared to measures performed by a specialized physical therapist (CIRther) (interrater reliability). To test validity, arm volume calculated from the self-measurements (VOLself_lab) was compared to perometry measurements (VOLper). Participants completed a questionnaire to assess attitudes for performing self-managed surveillance for BCRL. Limitations: These findings need to be replicated in a clinical setting to confirm the reliability and acceptability of self-managed surveillance for BCRL among women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Conclusions: Self-measured arm circumference is reliable and valid among women with and without BCRL. Self-managed surveillance for BCRL can support self-efficacy without increasing anxiety.

Nurses and health-promoting self-care: Do we practice what we preach?

AIMS: To examine the health-promoting behaviours performed by registered nurses (RNs), as well as workplace factors that influence participation in those behaviours. BACKGROUND: Nurses have high levels of overweight/obesity and may not be engaging in health-promoting self-care. METHODS: A cross-sectional Web-based survey collected information from 335 RNs regarding their physical activity, sedentariness and fruit/vegetable consumption. RESULTS: More than half were overweight (34.1%) or obese (23.4%), and 80.1% were "sedentary" (≥3 hr sitting/day), particularly those working outside of direct patient care in management, research and education. Only 47.2% consumed 5+ servings of fruits/vegetables daily. Nurses who enjoyed their jobs (higher levels of compassion satisfaction) reported higher levels of physical activity (p = 0.03) and fruit/vegetable consumption (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: RNs who work outside of direct patient care might be at increased risk for sedentariness and obesity. RNs who enjoy their jobs may experience less stress and have more energy to exercise and to prepare/consume healthy meals. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse managers should practice self-care by engaging in exercise, proper nutrition and demonstrating work-life balance, both to protect their own health and to serve as role models for RNs in direct patient care.

Missed opportunities for physical activity management at key points throughout the chemotherapy pathway for colorectal survivors: an observational interview study.

PURPOSE: Physical activity (PA) is central to self-management for people with colorectal cancer (CRC) to support health behaviour and function secondary to cancer treatment. However, there is limited evidence on how health professionals (HPs) promote PA during cancer treatment. This study aimed to investigate how and when PA is promoted throughout the chemotherapy pathway among colorectal cancer survivors. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted with adults with CRC receiving chemotherapy at a large cancer centre. Cross-sectional observation of clinical consultations was conducted at four points during the chemotherapy pathway: prior, midpoint, final cycle, and 8 weeks following chemotherapy. Following completion of treatment, audio-recorded, semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients and HPs and transcribed verbatim. Codes and themes were identified and triangulated from all the data using framework analysis. Observational themes are reported and complimented by interview data. RESULTS: Throughout the chemotherapy pathway (pre, midpoint, end), many opportunities were missed by HPs to promote PA as a beneficial means to maintain functioning and ameliorate cancer treatment side effects. When discussed, PA levels were used only to determine fitness for future oncological treatment. No PA promotion was observed despite patients reporting low PA levels or treatment side effects. Post-treatment, PA promotion was more routinely delivered by HPs, as evidenced by problem-solving and onward referrals to relevant HPs. CONCLUSION: PA promotion was largely absent during treatment despite it being a key component of patient self-management following treatment. This suggests considerable missed opportunities for HPs to provide cancer survivors with PA evidence-based interventions. Further research is necessary to identify how best to ensure PA is promoted throughout the cancer journey. IMPLICATION FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: These findings suggest many may not be receiving support to be physically active during treatment.

Tradução e adaptação cultural do Behavior Change Protocol para as práticas educativas em Diabetes Mellitus / Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Behavior Change Protocol for educational practices in Diabetes Mellitus / Traducción y adaptación cultural del Behavior Change Protocol para las prácticas educativas en Diabetes Mellitus

Objetivo realizar a tradução e adaptação cultural do Behavior Change Protocol para as práticas educativas em Diabetes Mellitus. Método estudo metodológico de adaptação cultural, no qual foram executadas as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, avaliação por comitê de juízes e pré-teste do instrumento aplicado a uma amostra de 30 usuários com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Resultados a avaliação do instrumento pautou-se pelos critérios de equivalência semântica, idiomática, conceitual e cultural entre o instrumento original e o traduzido, sendo que o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo médio apresentado foi de 0,85. Conclusão o instrumento apresentou validade de conteúdo indicativa de boa adaptação à cultura brasileira para seu uso em práticas educativas orientadas para o autocuidado em diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Objective to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Behavior Change Protocol for educational practices in Diabetes Mellitus. Method methodological study aimed at cross-cultural adaptation, comprising the steps of translation, back-translation, assessment by an expert committee and pre-testing of the instrument on a sample of 30 healthcare service users with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Results the instrument was assessed based on criteria pertaining semantic, idiomatic, conceptual and cultural equivalence between the original instrument and the translated version, its mean Content Validity Index being 0.85. Conclusion results showed content validity indicating the instrument's successful cross-cultural adaptation to the Brazilian culture for use in educational practices targeting self-care in type 2 DM.

Objetivo realizar la traducción y adaptación cultural del instrumento Behavior Change Protocol para las prácticas educativas en Diabetes Mellitus. Método estudio metodológico de adaptación cultural, comprendiendo las etapas de traducción, retrotraducción, evaluación por un comité de jueces y pretest del instrumento, en una muestra de 30 usuarios del servicio de salud pública con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Resultados la evaluación del instrumento se pautó en los criterios de equivalencia semántica, idiomática, conceptual y cultural entre el instrumento original y el traducido, habiendo presentado Índice de Validez de Contenido promedio de 0,85. Conclusión el instrumento presentó validez de contenido indicativa de adaptación satisfactoria a la cultura brasileña para ser utilizado en prácticas educativas dirigidas al autocuidado en DM tipo 2.