Práticas de enfermeiros de um hospital universitário na continuidade do cuidado para a atenção primária / Prácticas de las enfermeras en un hospital universitario en la continuidad de la atención primaria / Practices of nurses in a university hospital for the continuity of care for primary care

Resumo Objetivo compreender as práticas dos enfermeiros de um hospital universitário na continuidade do cuidado para a atenção primária. Método estudo exploratório, descritivo e qualitativo, realizado entre agosto e novembro de 2019, em hospital universitário no Sul do Brasil, com 21 enfermeiros e a diretora de Enfermagem, aplicando-se, respectivamente, um instrumento on-line na plataforma Survey Monkey e uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo segundo Minayo. Resultados emergiram três categorias: práticas dos enfermeiros; fortalezas e fragilidades e competências para a continuidade do cuidado. Na admissão e alta, os enfermeiros realizam entrevista e exame físico do paciente. Os pontos positivos foram a comunicação e o conhecimento do contexto familiar da equipe multiprofissional hospitalar e os negativos, a falta de sistema informatizado, a integração dos profissionais do hospital com a atenção primária, o enfermeiro gestor de altas e o protocolo de contrarreferência. A continuidade do cuidado requer, dos enfermeiros, experiência profissional, conhecimento sobre a rede de atenção, habilidades de comunicação, liderança e tomada de decisão. Conclusão e implicações para a prática os enfermeiros compreendem a importância da continuidade do cuidado, entretanto, algumas fragilidades encontradas na instituição dificultam a realização dessas práticas.

Resumen Objetivo conocer las prácticas de los enfermeros de un hospital universitario en la continuidad de los cuidados de la atención primaria. Método estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y cualitativo, realizado entre agosto y noviembre de 2019, en un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil, con 21 enfermeros y la Directora de Enfermería, aplicando, respectivamente, instrumento online en la plataforma Survey Monkey y una entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos recogidos se sometieron a un análisis de contenido según Minayo. Resultados emergiron tres categorías: prácticas de los enfermeros; fortalezas y fragilidades y competencias para la continuidad del cuidado. En el momento del ingreso y del alta, los enfermeros entrevistan y realizan una exploración física del paciente. Los aspectos positivos fueron la comunicación y el conocimiento del contexto familiar por parte del equipo multiprofesional del hospital, y los negativos la falta de un sistema informatizado; la integración de los profesionales del hospital con la atención primaria; la enfermera gestora del alta y el protocolo de contrarreferencia. La continuidad de los cuidados requiere la experiencia profesional de los enfermeros, el conocimiento de la red asistencial, la capacidad de comunicación, el liderazgo y la toma de decisiones. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica Los enfermeros entienden la importancia de la continuidad de los cuidados, sin embargo, algunas debilidades encontradas en la institución dificultan la implementación de estas prácticas.

Abstract Objective to understand the practices of nurses from a university hospital in the continuity of care for primary care. Method an exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative study, conducted between August and November 2019, in a university hospital in Southern Brazil, with 21 nurses and the director of Nursing, applying, respectively, an online instrument in the Survey Monkey platform and a semi-structured interview. The data collected was submitted to Content Analysis according to Minayo. Results three categories emerged: nurses' practices; strengths and weaknesses, and competencies for continuity of care. On admission and discharge, nurses interview and physically examine the patient. The positive aspects were communication and knowledge of the family context by the multiprofessional hospital team, and the negative aspects were the lack of a computerized system, the integration of hospital professionals with primary care, the nurse discharge manager and the counter-reference protocol. Continuity of care requires from nurses professional experience, knowledge about the care network, communication skills, leadership, and decision making. Conclusion and implications for practice nurses understand the importance of continuity of care, however, some weaknesses found in the institution make it difficult to carry out these practices.

Nursing recommendations for facing dissemination of COVID-19 in Brazilian Nursing Homes / Recomendaciones para abordar la propagación de COVID-19 en Hogares para Ancianos / Recomendações para o enfrentamento da disseminação da COVID-19 em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a protocol of recommendations for facing dissemination of COVID-19 in Brazilian Nursing Homes. Method: a study of experts' recommendations using a structured form applied through the Delphi Technique, obtaining 100% agreement among professionals after four rounds of analysis. The population comprised six nurses members of the Scientific Department of Gerontological Nursing of the Brazilian Association of Nursing (Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem) Results: the protocol was structured in a nucleus of nursing interventions to face the spread of COVID-19 in Nursing Homes, consisting of 8 actions. Final considerations: the protocol can help nurse managers to organize assistance to face the pandemic, which can be adaptable to each reality, making training nurses and health teams easier.

RESUMEN Objetivo: desarrollar un protocolo de recomendaciones para abordar la propagación de COVID-19 en hogares para ancianos. Método: estudio de recomendaciones de expertos utilizando una forma estructurada aplicada utilizando la técnica Delphi, obteniendo un 100% de acuerdo entre profesionales después de cuatro rondas de análisis. La población estaba compuesta por seis enfermeras que son miembros del departamento científico de enfermería gerontológica de la Asociación Brasileña de Enfermería (Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem). Resultados: el protocolo se estructuró en un núcleo de intervenciones de enfermería para enfrentar la difusión de COVID-19 en Hogares para Ancianos y consta de 8 acciones. Consideraciones finales: el protocolo puede ayudar a los gerentes de enfermería a organizar la asistencia para enfrentar la pandemia, que puede adaptarse a cada realidad, facilitando la capacitación de los equipos de enfermería y salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: elaborar um protocolo de recomendações para o enfrentamento da disseminação da COVID-19 em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos. Método: estudo de recomendações de especialistas utilizando-se um formulário estruturado aplicado por meio da Técnica Delphi, obtendo-se 100% de concordância entre os profissionais após quatro rodadas de análise. A população foi constituída por seis enfermeiros membros do Departamento Científico de Enfermagem Gerontológica da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem. Resultados: o protocolo foi estruturado em um núcleo de intervenções de enfermagem para o enfrentamento da disseminação da COVID-19 em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos, consistindo em 8 ações. Considerações finais: o protocolo poderá auxiliar os enfermeiros gestores a organizar a assistência para enfrentar a pandemia, que pode ser adaptável a cada realidade, facilitando o treinamento das equipes de enfermagem e saúde.

Efetividade da consulta de enfermagem na adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistèmica / Effectiveness of nursing appointments in adherence to hypertension treatment / Eficacia de la consulta de enfermería en adherencia al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial sistémica

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso e não-medicamentoso de usuários de um serviço de atenção primária diagnosticados com hipertensão arterial sistémica antes e após a implementação da consulta de enfermagem sistematizada. Métodos Ensaio clínico não-controlado realizado em uma Estratégia Saúde da Família de Minas Gerais, onde 14 participantes foram acompanhados por meio da assistência sistematizada de enfermagem entre os meses de outubro de 2016 e setembro de 2017. Resultados Verificou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica após as intervenções de enfermagem (p=0,102), que foram realizadas individualmente e coletivamente. "Disposição para controle aumentada do regime terapêutico" e "Estilo de vida sedentário" foram os Diagnósticos de Enfermagem mais prevalentes. Conclusão A assistência sistematizada de enfermagem pode beneficiar pessoas diagnosticadas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica na atenção primária em saúde. Faz-se necessário o fortalecimento da utilização do processo de enfermagem e da identidade do enfermeiro no cuidado das condições crónicas.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective To assess adherence to both drug and non-drug therapy by users of primary care services diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension before and after the implementation of systematic nursing appointments. Material and Methods Open clinical trial held in a Family Health Strategy center of the state of Minas Gerais, in which 14 participants were followed up through systematic nursing care from October 2016 to September 2017. Results Data showed a statistically significant difference in adherence to systemic arterial hypertension therapy after conducting nursing interventions (p=0,102), both individually and in group. The most prevalent nursing diagnoses were "Readiness for enhanced health literacy" and "Sedentary lifestyle". Conclusion Systematic nursing care may benefit people diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension treated by primary care services. It is necessary to consolidate the use of nursing processes as well as the nurse identity in the context of chronic care.(AU)

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar el cumplimiento de la medicación y el tratamiento no farmacológico de los usuarios de un servicio de atención primaria diagnosticado con hipertensión arterial sistémica antes y después de la implementación de la consulta de enfermería sistematizada. Métodos Ensayo clínico no controlado realizado en una Estrategia de salud familiar de Minas Gerais, donde 14 participantes fueron seguidos a través de cuidados sistemáticos de enfermería entre los meses de octubre de 2016 y septiembre de 2017. Resultados Hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el cumplimiento del tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial sistémica después de las intervenciones de enfermería (p=0,102), que se realizaron individual y colectivamente. La "disposición para un mayor control del régimen terapéutico" y el "estilo de vida sedentario" fueron los diagnósticos de enfermería más frecuentes. Conclusión La atención de enfermería sistematizada puede beneficiar a las personas diagnosticadas con hipertensión arterial sistémica en la atención primaria de salud. Es necesario fortalecer el uso del proceso de enfermería y la identidad de la enfermera en el cuidado de afecciones crónicas.(AU)

Measuring instrument: knowledge, attitudes and practices of people with pulmonary tuberculosis / Instrumento de medição: conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de indivíduos com tuberculose pulmonar / Instrumento de medición: conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en personas con tuberculosis pulmonar

ABSTRACT Objective: to build an instrument to attain reliable and valid measurements of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: methodological study that measured the sensitivity, reliability and validity of the instrument content. Studies of reliability and content validity comprehensibility involved 234 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: an integrative review was conducted for theoretical foundation. The sensitivity study comprised 30 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, who had greater knowledge on tuberculosis (12.03) than the control group (9.93). Factor analysis showed that 7 factors explained 67.8% of the variance. Content validity identified a 98.3 % comprehensibility, and the expert trial assessed the sufficiency, clarity, relevance and coherence criteria, showing agreement between judges. Conclusions: the instrument has studies of sensitivity, reliability and content validity that showed it can be applied to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis; nevertheless, cultural and semantic adaptations must be developed for other scenarios.

RESUMO Objetivo: elaborar um instrumento que permita obter medidas confiáveis e válidas sobre os conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar. Métodos: estudo metodológico que avalia a sensibilidade, a confiabilidade e a validade do conteúdo do instrumento. Para avaliar a confiabilidade e a compreensibilidade da validade de conteúdo, participaram deste estudo 234 pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar. Resultados: realizou-se uma revisão integrativa como fundamentação teórica. No estudo da sensibilidade, participaram 30 pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar que tinham mais conhecimentos sobre a tuberculose (12,03) do que o grupo controle (9,93). Na análise fatorial verificou-se 7 fatores que explicavam 67,8% da variância. Na validade de conteúdo identificou-se uma compreensibilidade de 98,3%, e, na avaliação dos especialistas, analisou-se os critérios de suficiência, clareza, pertinência e coerência, que mostraram concordância entre os especialistas. Conclusões: o instrumento conta com estudos de sensibilidade, confiabilidade e validade de conteúdo que mostraram ser possíveis de aplicar em pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar; no entanto, é necessário desenvolver adaptações culturais e semânticas em outros contextos.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir un instrumento que permita obtener medidas confiables y válidas sobre los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar. Métodos: estudio metodológico que midió la sensibilidad, confiabilidad y validez de contenido del instrumento. En los estudios de confiabilidad y comprensibilidad de validez de contenido participaron 234 pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar. Resultados: se realizó una revisión integrativa para la fundamentación teórica. En el estudio de sensibilidad participaron 30 pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar que tenían mejores conocimientos sobre la tuberculosis (12,03) que el grupo control (9,93). En el análisis factorial se evidenciaron 7 factores que explicaban el 67,8 % de la varianza. En la validez de contenido se identificó una comprensibilidad del 98,3 % y en el juicio de expertos se evaluaron los criterios de suficiencia, claridad, relevancia y coherencia, los cuales mostraron concordancia entre los jueces. Conclusiones: el instrumento cuenta con estudios de sensibilidad, confiabilidad y validez de contenido que evidenciaron que puede ser aplicado a los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar; no obstante, es necesario desarrollar adaptaciones culturales y semánticas para otros escenarios.

Development of a Clinical Decision Support System for Living Kidney Donor Assessment Based on National Guidelines.

BACKGROUND: Live donor nephrectomy is an operation that places the donor at risk of complications without the possibility of medical benefit. Rigorous donor selection and assessment is therefore essential to ensure minimization of risk and for this reason robust national guidelines exist. Previous studies have demonstrated poor adherence to donor guidelines. METHODS: We developed a clinical decision support system (CDSS), based on national living donor guidelines, to facilitate the identification of contraindications, additional investigations, special considerations, and the decision as to nephrectomy side in potential living donors. The CDSS was then tested with patient data from 45 potential kidney donors. RESULTS: The CDSS comprises 17 core tasks completed by either patient or nurse, and 17 optional tasks that are triggered by certain patient demographics or conditions. Decision rules were able to identify contraindications, additional investigations, special considerations, and predicted operation side in our patient cohort. Seventeen of 45 patients went on to donate a kidney, of whom 7 had major contraindications defined in the national guidelines, many of which were not identified by the clinical team. Only 43% of additional investigations recommended by national guidelines were completed, with the most frequently missed investigations being oral glucose tolerance testing and routine cancer screening. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated the feasibility of turning a complex set of national guidelines into an easy-to-use machine-readable CDSS. Comparison with real-world decisions suggests that use of this CDSS may improve compliance with guidelines and informed consent tailored to individual patient risks.

A Research Agenda for Gero-Oncology Nursing.

OBJECTIVES: The global challenge of accessible, affordable cancer care for all older adults requires a new research agenda for gero-oncology nursing to guide investigator skill development, identify priority areas for investigation, and direct resource distribution. DATA SOURCES: Published peer-reviewed literature and web-based resources. CONCLUSION: A cross-cutting theme of the research agenda is the need to determine the gero-oncology nursing care that will preserve economic resources, promote function, provide symptom management, and incorporate patient preferences. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: In partnership with interprofessional colleagues, gero-oncology nurse scientists are poised to conduct global research that improves access to quality cancer care.

Contribuição da consulta de enfermagem na adesão ao tratamento do diabetes mellitus na estratégia saúde da família do município de Ribeirão Preto, SP / The contribution of nursing care to drug treatment adherence of diabetic patients in the family health strategy program in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

Trata-se de estudo de intervenção tipo antes e depois, no qual o sujeito é seu próprio controle, fator que permite identificar os efeitos na adesão ao tratamento e controle dos níveis glicêmicos. Teve como objetivo avaliar a contribuição da consulta de enfermagem na adesão ao tratamento do diabetes mellitus tipo 2, em uma Unidade Saúde da Família, de acordo com o "Protocolo de atendimento as pessoas com diabetes mellitus," em Ribeirão Preto, SP. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro de 2014 a janeiro de 2015. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, SP, sob Parecer nº 648.970. Participaram 31 pessoas com diabetes mellitus, por meio de três consultas de enfermagem, na unidade de saúde e no domicílio, com intervalo de um mês entre as três consultas de todos os participantes. Foi utilizado um roteiro contendo variáveis sociodemográficos e clínicas e o teste de Medida de Adesão ao Tratamento. Para a análise da adesão, durante e após a intervenção, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e o teste de Mann- Whitney; para a comparação do antes e após a intervenção, utilizou-se o teste de Wilcoxon; para análise de correlação com as variáveis numéricas, o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e o teste Q de Cochran, para a comparação dos exames nos momentos anterior, durante e posterior à intervenção. Os resultados mostraram que os participantes tinham entre 33 e 79 anos, sendo 58,1% do sexo feminino; 71% tinham companheiro; renda familiar de 1 a 3 salários-mínimos (83,9%); 80,6% referiram ser profissionalmente inativos (aposentados, pensionistas ou do lar); média de 5,68 anos de estudo e predomínio de menos de 8 anos de estudo (67,7%). Em relação aos valores da pressão arterial sistêmica constatou hipertensão arterial sistêmica grau I em 25,8% das pessoas com diabetes mellitus, 90,3% com índice de massa corporal apresentando excesso de peso, quanto à circunferência abdominal, 32,2% dos homens estavam com valores maiores que 102 cm e 45,2% das mulheres com valores acima de 88 cm. A avaliação dos pés, com uso do monofilamento Semmes-Weinstein de 10g, apresentou 9,7% das pessoas com diabetes mellitus com pé em risco para ulceração e diminuição ou ausência de sensibilidade tátil pressórica protetora dos pés. O tempo de diagnóstico do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 variou entre 1 a 39 anos, predominando as comorbidades hipertensão arterial (83,9%), dislipidemia (58,1%) e obesidade (41,8%). Quanto aos exames laboratoriais, observa-se que, em 64,5% da população estudada, os níveis da glicemia de jejum estavam acima de 100 mg/dL , ocorrendo pequena redução para 61,3% nos casos de pessoas com diabetes mellitus durante a intervenção e se manteve após. No que se refere à glicemia pós-prandial, os casos das pessoas com diabetes mellitus com valores iguais ou acima de 160 mg/dL, antes da intervenção era de 45,2% e durante e após a intervenção caiu para 38,7%. Em contrapartida, aumentou o número de pessoas com diabetes mellitus durante e após a intervenção, com valores da glicemia pós-prandial abaixo de 160 mg/dL, de 54,8% para 61,3%. E, em relação à hemoglobina glicada, foi observado que em 61,3% das pessoas com diabetes mellitus os valores antes da intervenção eram iguais ou acima de 7%. Durante a intervenção, caiu para 19,3% e após a intervenção o número de pessoas com diabetes mellitus, com a hemoglobina glicada igual ou superior a 7%, chegou a 38,7%. Quanto aos valores abaixo de 7%, observou-se aumento de 38,7% antes da intervenção para 80,6 e 61,3% respectivamente, durante e após a intervenção, com diferença estatisticamente significante (p< 0,001). As pessoas com diabetes mellitus desse estudo, apresentaram 83,87% de adesão ao tratamento antes da intervenção, e esses escores subiram para 96,78% após a intervenção, fato corroborado pelo teste de Wilcoxon que mostrou escores estatisticamente significantes (p<0,001), entre antes e após a intervenção. Esse estudo contribui para ressaltar a importância do enfermeiro, enquanto integrante da equipe multiprofissional, seguindo as orientações do "Protocolo de atendimento ao indivíduo com diabetes", tanto no atendimento individual quanto em grupo, reorganizando o processo de trabalho, contribuindo para maior adesão ao tratamento e controle dos níveis glicêmicos, ao minimizar a fragmentação e assegurar a continuidade na assistência, por meio de abordagem integral ao diabético

This was a before- and after-intervention study, in which the subject serves as its own control, aimed to analyze the effects of intervention on treatment adherence and blood sugar control. The objective of the study was to evaluate the contribution of nursing care to treatment adherence of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients following the "diabetes care protocol" adopted by Family Health centers in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected between September 2014 and January 2015. The Research Ethics Committee of the Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing approved the study under ruling no. 648.970. From 31 participants with diabetes by way of three meetings with nurses, either at the health center or at home, with a month-long interval between appointments. We used an interview script to gather sociodemographic and clinical variables and gave participants a test to measure treatment adherence. Descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze adherence during and after intervention; the Wilcoxon test was used for the before and after-intervention comparison; Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the numerical variables; and Cochran's Q test was used to compare tests before, during, and after intervention. Results showed that participants were between 33 and 79 years old, of which 58.1% were female; 71% had a partner; 83.9% had a family income of 1 to 3 minimum wages; and 80.6% referred to themselves as professionally inactive (retirees, pensioners, or homemakers). The mean education level was 5.68 years of formal education with a predominance of less than 8 years of formal education (67.7%). Regarding blood pressure values, stage 1 hypertension was detected in 25.8% of individuals with diabetes, and 90.3% had a body mass index indicating overweight. In terms of waist circumference, 32.2% of the men presented values greater than 102 cm and 45.2% of the women showed values greater than 88 cm. Foot assessment using 10g Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments indicated that 9.7% of diabetic individuals' feet were at risk for plantar ulcers and showed reduced or lack of protective sensation. Time of type 2 diabetes diagnosis varied between 1 to 39 years, and the most prevalent comorbidities were high blood pressure (83.9%), dyslipidemia (58.1%) and obesity (41.8%). In terms of laboratory tests, 64.5% of the studied population presented levels of fasting blood sugar levels above 100 mg/dL, which fell slightly to 61.3% during the intervention, and were then maintained after the intervention. Postprandial glucose tests revealed that 45.2% of individuals with diabetes presented values equal or greater than 160 mg/dL before the intervention, falling to 38.7% post-intervention. In turn, the number of individuals with diabetes with postprandial glucose levels greater than 160 mg/dL increased from 54.8% to 61.3%. Regarding glycated hemoglobin, 61.3% of diabetic patients presented pre-intervention values equal or greater than 7%. During the intervention, this value fell to 19.3%, and after the intervention, 38.7%. Patients with values below 7% corresponded to 38.7% before the intervention and 80.6% and 61.3% during and post-intervention, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p< 0.001). Diabetic individuals in this study presented an 83.87% rate of treatment adherence before the intervention, a percentage that rose to 96.78% post-intervention, a finding corroborated by the Wilcoxon test that showed statistically significant scores (p< 0.001) between pre- and post-intervention. This study emphasizes the importance of nurses as members of multiprofessional teams following the guidelines set forth in the "diabetes care protocol," both in individual and group interventions, reorganizing work processes, and contributing to greater treatment adherence and blood sugar control by minimizing fragmentation and ensuring continuity of care for diabetic patients via a comprehensive approach

[Protocol for embracement and attention to users that underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and persons accompanying them]. / Protocolo de acolhimento e atenção para usuários submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta e seus acompanhantes.

This is a quantitative and qualitative research aimed at building a Welcome Protocol for users and their companions referred to the Endoscopic Centre at the University Hospital Dr. Polydoro Ernani São Thiago, at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), and submitted to Upper Digestive Endoscopy. The research was elaborated in two stages. The first stage was the building of a collective protocol with a group of nurses; the second stage was the sending of this material, organized as a protocol, for validation by the three experts. The study's supporting theoretical background was the National Humanization Policy and the Basic Human Needs theory. The protocol built aims at detailing the procedures conducted in the pre, trans and post-endoscopy exam stages, permitting the organization of the service and the instrumentalization of the professional team and, thus, ensuring a safer welcome and service to the user and his/her companion.

Protocolo de acolhimento e atenção para usuários submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta e seus acompanhantes / Protocol for embracement and attention to users that underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and persons accompanying them / Protocolo para el acogimiento y la atención a los usuarios que se sometieron a una endoscopia digestiva alta y sus acompañantes

Pesquisa quanti-qualitativa com o objetivo de construir um protocolo de acolhimento e atendimento para os usuários submetidos à Endoscopia Digestiva Alta e seus acompanhantes, num Centro Endoscópico de um hospital do sul do país. Esse protocolo foi elaborado através da construção coletiva de um grupo de enfermeiras, e validado posteriormente por três peritos. Os referenciais teóricos de sustentação da proposta foram a Política Nacional de Humanização e a Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Wanda Horta. A institucionalização do protocolo possibilitou o acolhimento e o atendimento ao usuário submetido ao procedimento endoscópico e seu acompanhante nos períodos pré, intra e pós-exame. Propiciou ainda a instrumentalização e organização do processo de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem garantindo, assim, a segurança do paciente durante todo o processo.

This is a quantitative and qualitative research aimed at building a Welcome Protocol for users and their companions referred to the Endoscopic Centre at the University Hospital Dr. Polydoro Ernani São Thiago, at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), and submitted to Upper Digestive Endoscopy. The research was elaborated in two stages. The first stage was the building of a collective protocol with a group of nurses; the second stage was the sending of this material, organized as a protocol, for validation by the three experts. The study's supporting theoretical background was the National Humanization Policy and the Basic Human Needs theory. The protocol built aims at detailing the procedures conducted in the pre, trans and post-endoscopy exam stages, permitting the organization of the service and the instrumentalization of the professional team and, thus, ensuring a safer welcome and service to the user and his/her companion.

Trata-se de una investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa con el objetivo de construir un protocolo de acogimiento para los usuarios - y sus compañeros - encaminados al Centro Endoscópico del Hospital Universitario Dr. Polydoro Ernani São Thiago de la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, para ser sometidos a Endoscopia Digestiva Alta. Fue elaborada en dos fases: la primera fue la construcción colectiva del protocolo con un grupo de enfermeras; la segunda fue el envío de ese material organizado bajo forma de protocolo, para validación junto a los tres peritos. El referencial teórico de sustentación de ese estudio fue la Política Nacional de Humanización y la teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas. El protocolo construido tiene la pretensión de explicitar los procedimientos ejecutados en el período pre, trans y pos-examen de endoscopia, posibilitando la organización del servicio y la instrumentalización del equipo de profesionales garantizando, de esa manera, un acogimiento y atendimiento más seguro para el usuario y su compañero.

Use of an electronic patient-reported outcome measurement system to improve distress management in oncology.

OBJECTIVE: Management of patient distress is a critical task in cancer nursing and cancer practice. Here we describe two examples of how an electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) measurement system implemented into routine oncology care can practically aid clinical and research tasks related to distress management. METHODS: Tablet personal computers were used to routinely complete a standardized ePRO review of systems surveys at point of care during every encounter in the Duke Oncology outpatient clinics. Two cases of use implementation are explored: (1) triaging distressed patients for optimal care, and (2) psychosocial program evaluation research. RESULTS: Between 2009 and 2011, the ePRO system was used to collect information during 17,338 Duke Oncology patient encounters. The system was used to monitor patients for psychosocial distress employing an electronic clinical decision support algorithm, with 1,952 (11.3%) referrals generated for supportive services. The system was utilized to examine the efficacy of a psychosocial care intervention documenting statistically significant improvements in distress, despair, fatigue, and quality of life (QOL) in 50 breast cancer patients. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: ePRO solutions can guide best practice management of cancer patient distress. Nurses play a key role in implementation and utilization.

Development of a nursing intervention to prepare frail older patients for cardiac surgery (the PREDOCS programme), following phase one of the guidelines of the Medical Research Council.

BACKGROUND: In older patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery, the timely identification and preparation of patients at risk for frequent postoperative hospital complications provide opportunities to reduce the risk of these complications. AIMS: We developed an evidence-based, multi-component nursing intervention (Prevention of Decline in Older Cardiac Surgery Patients; the PREDOCS programme) for application in the preadmission period to improve patients' physical and psychosocial condition to reduce their risk of postoperative complications. This paper describes in detail the process used to design and develop this multi-component intervention. METHODS: In a team of researchers, experts, cardiac surgeons, registered cardiac surgery nurses, and patients, the revised guidelines for developing and evaluating complex interventions of the Medical Research Council (MRC) were followed, including identifying existing evidence, identifying and developing theory and modelling the process and outcomes. Additionally, the criteria for reporting the development of complex interventions in healthcare (CReDECI) were followed. RESULTS: The intervention is administered during a consultation by the nurse two to four weeks before the surgery procedure. The consultation includes three parts: a general part for all patients, a second part in which patients with an increased risk are identified, and a third part in which selected patients are informed about how to prepare themselves for the hospital admission to reduce their risk. CONCLUSIONS: Following the MRC guidelines, an extended, stepwise, multi-method procedure was used to develop the multi-component nursing intervention to prepare older patients for cardiac surgery, creating transparency in the assumed working mechanisms. Additionally, a detailed description of the intervention is provided.

Protocolo de transporte intra e inter-hospitalar de pacientes adultos cardiopatas / Transport protocol for intra and inter-hospital of adult patients with heart disease

O ato de transportar pacientes é uma atividade usual e complexaque exige experiência e competência dos profissionais envolvidos.Existem diversas complicações relacionadas ao transporte.Dentre elas, destacam-se as alterações cardiorrespiratórias, quepodem resultar em instabilidade hemodinâmica e danos gravese irreversíveis ao paciente. Este estudo trata-se de um relatode experiência cujo objetivo foi descrever a elaboração de umprotocolo de transporte intra e inter-hospitalar para pacientesadultos cardiopatas. O protocolo foi dividido nas condutas aserem tomadas no pré, intra e pós-transporte. No pré-transporte,devem constar a avaliação do paciente e sua classificação comoestáveis ou instáveis e críticos ou não críticos; a identificação echecagem dos recursos materiais; identificação do número deprofissionais envolvidos, dependendo da gravidade do paciente eidentificação do meio de transporte mais adequado. As condutasno intratransporte devem estar relacionadas ao monitoramentoda condição do paciente (hemodinâmica, nível de consciênciae quadro respiratório), bem como o funcionamento dosequipamentos. No pós-transporte, deve ser realizada uma novaavaliação do paciente e o registro das possíveis intercorrênciasque ocorreram, bem como as condutas realizadas. A equipe deenfermagem tem papel fundamental no transporte do paciente,sendo responsável pela identificação e controle de todos osrecursos necessários e pelo acompanhamento do pacientedurante e após esta atividade. É de fundamental importância acriação de protocolos assistenciais para que se possa realizar umaprática segura e baseada em evidências científicas.

The act of transporting patients is a common and complex activitythat requires experience and expertise of the professionalsinvolved. There are many complications related to thistransportation, among those standing out are cardio-respiratorychanges, which can result in hemodynamic instability andsevere and irreversible damage to the patient. This study isan experience report whose objective was to describe thedevelopment of a protocol for both intra-and inter-hospitalfor adult patients with heart disease. The protocol was dividedinto actions to be taken in the pre-, intra-and post-transport.Pre-transport procedures should include patient assessment andclassification as either stable or unstable, critical or not critical;identification and checking of material resources; identificationnumber of professionals involved, depending on the severity ofthe patient and identification of appropriate means of transport.Intra-transport procedures should be include monitoring thepatient’s condition (hemodynamic, level of consciousness andrespiration), as well as equipment operation. In post-transporta new patient assessment and registration of the possiblecomplications that occurred should be done, as well as allprocedures undertaken. The nursing staff plays a key role intransporting the patient, being responsible for the identificationand control of all resources and monitoring the patient during andafter the activity. It is of vital importance that protocols for careare created in order to perform safe and evidence-based practices.

Cardiac surgery discharge questionnaires: meeting information needs of patients and families.

Tailoring discharge teaching information to the unique learning needs of cardiac surgery patients and their caregivers may improve information acquisition and retention and positively influence the transition home for these individuals. Two questionnaires were developed, one for adult cardiac surgery patients, and one for their caregivers, to explore their self-identified information needs regarding discharge teaching information. The questionnaires were adapted from the Patient Learning Needs Scale of Bubela et al. (1990). The content of the questionnaires was based on informal discussions with patients and their caregivers and nurses of the cardiac surgery department of a university teaching hospital. In addition, previous research exploring discharge teaching content post cardiac surgery and perceived discharge information needs of this population was reviewed. Preliminary testing of the tools indicated content validity. The questionnaires may enhance the efficiency and quality of discharge teaching, as they enable nurses to address the unique information needs of patients and caregivers. This, in turn, may assist patients and caregivers to cope with the transition home. Formal piloting and evaluation of the tools with all stakeholder groups is indicated, in order to determine the effectiveness of the questionnaires and to evaluate and validate their content and format.

Research to practice: developing an integrated anaphylaxis education curriculum for school nurses.

The numbers of school-aged children with life-threatening allergies that cause anaphylaxis continues to increase. Many states, including Washington, have responded to this by developing specific guidelines for school districts to follow in order to provide a safe learning environment for children with medical conditions that put them at risk for anaphylaxis. School nurses require resources to assist them in providing health training for school staff on how to manage potentially life-threatening health conditions for children in their school, however, resources to address this training are limited. A search for and content analysis of currently available literature and resources about anaphylaxis and anaphylaxis training curricula revealed a lack of an integrated curriculum to train school staff. This article presents a discussion of the development of a train-the-trainer anaphylaxis education program providing school nurses with curriculum, lesson plans, teaching-learning activities, and resources for anaphylaxis education of all school staff.