Microbiota anaeróbia do saco conjuntival humano normal / Anaerobic flora of the human normal conjunctival sac

Amostras obtidas a partir de 80 casos conjuntivais de 40 indivíduos normais foram submetidas a exames microbiológicos para se determinar a presença ou ausência de flora bacteriana aneróbica. Das 80 culturas realizadas, 71 (88,75%) continham pelo menos uma bactéria anaeróbica. Bactérias anaeróbias estritas foram obtidas em 35% (28/80) das culturas. Destas, o agente mais freqüente foi o Propionibacterium granulosum presente em 64,28%. A seguir, Bifidobacterium adolescentis em 17,85%, Bacteroides sp em 10,71% Veillonella sp em 10,71% e Sarcina sp em 3,57%. Nossos achados sugerem que o saco conjuntival normal constitui-se em um microambiente anaeróbio

[Head-space gas chromatographic analysis in the rapid diagnosis of anaerobic infections]. / Parofaznyi gazokhromatograficheskii analiz v ékspress-diagnostike anaérobnykh infektsii.

The comparison of the results obtained by the gas-chromatographic vapor-phase analysis and by the bacteriological analysis of exudate samples, taken from patients with intraperitoneal and intrapleural infections, has demonstrated high reliability of the chromatographic method. Despite the presence of some discrepancies between the results of the vapor-phase analysis and the bacteriological analysis due to the difficulties of the microbiological isolation of anaerobes and the specific features of their metabolism, the diagnostic value of the gas-chromatographic method has been confirmed.

Calidad microbiológica de los quesos producidos a nivel artesanal en Costa Rica / Microbiological quality of home-made cheese produced in Costa Rica

Se analizaron 205 muestras de quesos hechos a partir de leche cruda entera, los cuales se producen en forma artesanal en seis zonas rurales de Costa Rica. La finalidad fue determinar la calidad microbiológica de los mismos y formular recomendaciones tendientes a reducir al mínimo las condiciones sanitarias deficientes de elaboración del producto. La muestras se recolectaron directamente en las fincas productoras, y se sometieron a los análisis microbiológicos seguientes: Staphylococcus aureus, termonucleasa (TNasa) positivo); Determinación del número más probable (MPN) de coliformes fecales; Recuento total de hongos y levaduras; y Recuento de mesófilas aerobias. Según se contató, todas las muestras contenían altos recuentos de los cuatro microorganismos investigados, demostrando, por conseguiente, la calidad microbiológica deficiente de los quesos producidos artesanalmente. Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se emite una serie de recomendaciones prácticas orientadas a mejorar las condiciones sanitarias inadecuadas bajo las cuales se elabora actualmente el producto

Bacterial overgrowth in jejunal and ileal disease.

The number of bacteria recovered in anaerobic cultures of jejunal secretions was significantly higher in a group of 10 patients with jejunal disease and stagnation of gut content in the proximal small bowel than in a group of 10 patients with similar conditions in the distal ileum. Some overlap in bacterial numbers occurred between patients with jejunal disease, ileal disease, and healthy controls, whereas production of fermentation gas in anaerobic media supplemented with glucose occurred only in cultures from the patients with jejunal disease. The 14C-glycocholic acid test showed increased output of breath 14CO2 in both patient groups, whereas faecal 14C was significantly increased only in patients with ileal disease. Increased breath hydrogen excretion after glucose ingestion was recorded in 8 of 10 patients with jejunal disease only. Breath methane excretion, previously found in 44% of healthy subjects, was absent in all of 28 patients with Crohn's disease of the small, indicating that these patients have a gut flora that is different from that of the healthy population.