Bronquiolitis obliterante posinfecciosa / Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans

La bronquiolitis obliterante es una enfermedad pulmonar crónica infrecuente y grave producto de una lesión del tracto respiratorio inferior.Puede ocurrir luego de un trasplante de médula ósea o de pulmón, de enfermedades infecciosas o, menos frecuentemente, luego de inhalaciones tóxicas o enfermedades del tejido conectivo. La patología, patogenia y biología molecular, como así también el mejor tratamiento para la bronquiolitisobliterante son áreas aún en investigación. Esta revisión discute el estado actual del conocimiento en las diferentes áreas de la bronquiolitis obliterante secundaria a una lesión infecciosa.

Bronchiolitis obliterans is an uncommon and severe form of chronic obstructive lung disease that results from an insult tothe lower respiratory tract. The bronchiolitis obliterans was described as a complication of graft versus host disease in bone marrow or lung transplant recipients. Bronchiolitis obliterans is most commonly seen in children after severe viral lower respiratory tract infections. The understanding of pathology, pathogenesis and molecular pathology, as well as the best treatment in bronchiolitis obliterans remain the subject of ongoing investigations. This review discusses our current knowledge on the different areas of bronchiolitisobliterans associated to infectious disease.

The history of lobectomy and segmentectomy including sleeve resection.

The evolution of pulmonary lobectomy during the past six centuries is presented. The anesthetic problems of an open thorax, the absence of antibiotics, and the absence of radiology initially complicated thoracic surgery. Surgical pioneers differed strongly on the best techniques for lobectomy. Concurrence in their opinions evolved by the formation of a specialty group, meetings, and journals. The recent techniques of segmentectomy and sleeve resection provide further refinement of pulmonary resections.