Construção e validação de vídeo educativo para estudantes de enfermagem sobre a parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica / Construcción y validación de un video educativo para estudiantes de enfermería sobre parada cardiorrespiratoria obstétrica / Construction and validation of an educational video for nursing students about obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest

RESUMO Objetivo construir, validar e avaliar vídeo educativo para estudantes de enfermagem sobre a parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica. Método estudo metodológico, composto pela construção do vídeo, validação de conteúdo por 22 especialistas em parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica e avaliação por 21 estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Utilizou-se o Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educacional em Saúde, para validação com os especialistas, e o questionário adaptado do Suitability Assessment of Materials, para avaliação dos estudantes. Na validação com juízes e com o público-alvo, foi considerado válido o item com concordância mínima de 80%, obtida a partir do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo e do Teste Binomial. Resultados o vídeo, com duração de 8 minutos e 53 segundos, contemplou as etapas da assistência de enfermagem na realização do suporte básico de vida à gestante acometida por parada cardiorrespiratória. Na validação de conteúdo, dos 18 itens avaliados, 16 tiveram concordância de 100%, um obteve 95% e o item restante obteve 81%. Na avaliação dos estudantes, dos 13 itens avaliados, 12 possuíram concordância de 100% e o item restante possuiu 95%. Conclusão e implicações para a prática o vídeo foi considerado válido pelos especialistas em parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica e compreensível pelos estudantes de enfermagem, assim, trata-se de recurso educativo viável para contribuir com a formação da enfermagem.

RESUMEN Objetivo construir, validar y evaluar videos educativos para estudiantes de enfermería sobre parada cardiopulmonar obstétrica. Método estudio metodológico, consistente en la construcción del video, validación de contenido por 22 expertos en parada cardiorrespiratoria obstétrica y evaluación por 21 estudiantes de enfermería. Se utilizó el Instrumento de Validación de Contenidos Educativos en Salud, para la validación con los expertos, y el cuestionario adaptado del Suitability Assessment of Materials, para la evaluación de los estudiantes. En la validación con jueces y público objetivo, se consideró válido el ítem con una concordancia mínima del 80%, obtenido del Índice de Validación de Contenido y la Prueba Binomial. Resultados el video, de 8 minutos y 53 segundos, contempló los pasos del cuidado de enfermería en la realización de soporte vital básico a gestantes afectadas por paro cardíaco. En la validación de contenido, de los 18 ítems evaluados, 16 tuvieron un 100% de concordancia, uno tuvo un 95% y el restante un 81%. En la evaluación de los estudiantes, de los 13 ítems evaluados, 12 tuvieron un 100% de concordancia, y el ítem restante tuvo un 95%. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica el video fue considerado válido por especialistas en parada cardiopulmonar obstétrica y comprensible por estudiantes de enfermería, por lo que es un recurso educativo viable para contribuir a la formación en enfermería.

ABSTRACT Objective to construct, validate and assess educational video for nursing students about obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest. Method this is a methodological study consisting of video construction, content validation by 22 experts in obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest and assessment by 21 undergraduate nursing students. The Health Educational Content Validation Instrument was used for validation with experts, and a questionnaire adapted from the Suitability Assessment of Materials, for student assessment. In the validation with judges and the target audience, the item with a minimum agreement of 80% was considered valid, obtained from the Content Validation Index and the binomial test, was considered valid. Results video, lasting 8 minutes and 53 seconds, contemplated nursing care stages in carrying out basic life support to pregnant women affected by cardiac arrest. In content validation, of the 18 items assessed, 16 had 100% agreement, one had 95% and the remaining item had 81%. In students' assessment, of the 13 items assessed, 12 had 100% agreement, and the remaining item had 95%. Conclusion and implications for practice the video was considered valid by experts in obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest and understandable by nursing students, thus it is a viable educational resource to contribute to nursing education.

Assistência obstétrica no processo de parto e nascimento / Asistencia de parto en el proceso de parto y el nacimiento / Obstetric assistance in the process of labor and birth

Objetivo: caracterizar a assistência obstétrica vivenciada por docentes de uma Universidade Pública de Minas Gerais, durante a última experiência do processo de parto e nascimento em ambiente hospitalar. Métodos: estudo descritivo transversal quantitativo. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de dezembro/2015 a fevereiro/2016, com 40 docentes, usando um questionário de autopreenchimento. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o teste Mann-Whitney, definido com 5% de significância. Resultados: a via de parto de maior frequência foi a cesariana com 95% (38). A escolha do acompanhante foi possível para 92,5% (37). Na associação entre as variáveis escolha do acompanhante com a idade por ocasião do último parto, apresentou resultado estatisticamente significativo. Conclusão: pode-se ressaltar a necessidade de refletir quanto à assistência prestada à mulher durante o processo de parto e nascimento sendo uma das formas de garantir a maternidade segura e humanizada.

Objetivo: caracterizar la asistencia obstétrica experimentada por los profesores de una universidad pública de Minas Gerais durante la última experiencia del proceso de parto y nacimiento en el hospital. Métodos: cuantitativa estudio transversal. La recolección de datos se desarrolló entre diciembre/2015 a febrero/2016 con 40 profesores, mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la prueba de Mann-Whitney fijado en el 5% de significación. Resultados: El modo más frecuente de entrega fue cesárea con 95% (38). La elección de escolta era posible para 92,5% (37). La asociación entre las variables que acompaña a la elección con la edad al último nacimiento, mostró un resultado estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: Puede ser hecho hincapié en la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la atención que se brinda a las mujeres durante el proceso de parto y el nacimiento es una de las formas de garantizar la maternidad segura y humanizada.

Objective: characterize the obstetric care experienced by teachers of a Public University of Minas Gerais, during the last experience of parturition and birth process in a hospital environment. Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study. Data collection occurred in the months of December/2015 to February/2016, with 40 teachers, using a self-administered questionnaire. For data analysis was used the test Mann-Whitney, defined with 5% of significance. Results: The most frequent type of birth was the caesarean with 95% (38). The choice of accompanying person was possible to 92.5% (37). The association between the variables choice of accompanying person with the age at last birth, showed statistically significant result. Conclusion: can emphasize the need to reflect on the assistance provided to women during the process of parturition and birth is one of the ways to ensure safe motherhood and humanized.

Preferência pelo tipo de parto, fatores associados à expectativa e satisfação com o parto / Preference for type of childbirth, factors associated with expectation and satisfaction with childbirth

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a preferência e a satisfação das mulheres com o tipo de parto e a associação com as características sociodemográficas e obstétricas. Estudo transversal, realizado em três etapas, com amostra de 190 puérperas. Os resultados mostraram que 68,9% desejavam parto normal e 31,1% cesárea. Foram associadas à preferência pelo parto normal: primeira gestação (p=0,042) e experiência anterior de parto normal (p<0,001); entre as mulheres que tiveram cesárea prévia a preferência prevaleceu por esta (p<0,001). Não foram evidenciadas diferenças estatísticas associadas a outras variáveis, bem como, a satisfação das puérperas. A regressão logística binária indicou associação entre experiência prévia e expectativa por tipo de parto. A experiência com parto anterior influenciou na preferência pelo tipo de parto, entretanto, não houve diferenças na satisfação das puérperas, independente se o desfecho correspondeu a expectativa.

This study aimed to analyze women's preference and satisfaction regarding the type of delivery and the association with the sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out in three stages, with a sample of 190 puerperal women. The results showed that 68.9% wished natural childbirth and 31.1% wanted Cesarean section. The preference for natural childbirth was associated with first pregnancy (p=0.042) and previous natural childbirth experience (p<0.001); among women who had Cesarean section previously, the preference prevailed for Cesarean section (p<0.001). There were no statistical differences associated with other variables, as well as the puerperae's satisfaction. Binary logistic regression indicated association between previous experience and expectation by type of childbirth. The experience with previous childbirth influenced the preference for the type of childbirth; however, there were no differences in the puerperae's satisfaction, regardless of whether the outcome corresponded to the expectation.

Influence of Immediate Skin-to-Skin Contact During Cesarean Surgery on Rate of Transfer of Newborns to NICU for Observation.

We conducted an evidence-based practice project to determine if skin-to-skin contact immediately after cesarean birth influenced the rate of transfer of newborns to the NICU for observation. We analyzed data for 5 years (2011 through 2015) and compared the rates for the period before implementation of skin-to-skin contact with rates for the period after. The proportion of newborns transferred to the NICU for observation was significantly different and lower after implementing skin-to-skin contact immediately after cesarean birth (Pearson's χ2 = 32.004, df = 1, p < .001). These results add to the growing body of literature supporting immediate, uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact for all mother-newborn pairs, regardless of birth mode.

Autonomia feminina no processo de parto e nascimento: revisão integrativa da literatura / Autonomía femenina en el proceso de parto y nacimiento: revisión integradora de la literatura / Womens autonomy in the process of labour and childbirth: integrative literature review

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar as evidências disponíveis na produção científica acerca das práticas de assistência à saúde que interferem no exercício da autonomia das mulheres brasileiras no processo de parto e nascimento. Método A busca dos artigos foi desenvolvida nas bases de dados LILACS, Scopus e PubMed, no período entre 1996 e 2015, tendo como eixo orientador a questão norteadora e os critérios de exclusão, sendo selecionados 22 artigos como corpus de análise. Resultados Foram evidenciadas como práticas que favorecem o exercício da autonomia feminina: práticas assistenciais extra-hospitalares; práticas assistenciais de apoio e conforto; e práticas assistenciais educativas. Em contrapartida, revelaram-se como práticas limitantes ao exercício da autonomia: práticas assistenciais autoritárias; práticas assistenciais padronizadas ou rotineiras; práticas assistenciais que intensificam a sensação dolorosa do parto; e prática assistencial impessoal e fria. Conclusão Revelou-se uma situação de alerta relativa ao grande descompasso existente entre o cotidiano assistencial e as recomendações ministeriais.

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar la evidencia disponible en la literatura científica acerca de las prácticas de atención de salud que interfieren con el ejercicio de la autonomía de las mujeres brasileñas en el proceso de parto y el nacimiento. Método La búsqueda de artículos se desarrolló en las bases de datos LILACS, Scopus y en PubMed, en el período comprendido entre 1996 y 2015, con el principio rector de los rectores criterios de interrogación y exclusión, y seleccionó 22 artículos como un corpus de análisis. Resultados Hemos puesto de relieve las prácticas que favorecen el ejercicio de la autonomía de la mujer: las prácticas de atención ambulatoria; prácticas de apoyo y consuelo; prácticas educativas y atención. Por el contrario se han demostrado como una limitación del ejercicio práctico de la autonomía: las prácticas de atención autoritarias; prácticas de cuidados estandarizados o de rutina; cuidado prácticas que mejoran la sensación dolorosa del parto; y la práctica de la atención impersonal y fría. Conclusión Se puso de manifiesto una situación de alerta en el gran desajuste entre su vida cotidiana y recomendaciones ministeriales.

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the available evidence in scientific literature on healthcare practices that interfere with the autonomy of Brazilian women in the labour and delivery process. Method The search for papers was conducted in the databases LILACS, Scopus and PubMed, between 1996 and 2015, according to a guiding question and exclusion criteria, resulting in the selection of 22 papers to compose the analytic body. Results The main practices that favoured the exercise of women’s autonomy were out-of-hospital care practices; care practices of support and comfort; and educational care practices. By contrast, the practices that limited autonomy were authoritarian care practices; standardised or routine care practices; care practices that intensify the painful sensation of childbirth; and impersonal and cold care practice. Conclusion There was an alarming contrast between the daily healthcare routine and ministerial recommendations.

Amamentação na primeira hora de vida em uma instituição com iniciativa hospital amigo da criança / Lactancia en la primera hora de vida en una institución con iniciativa hospital amigo delniño / Breastfeeding in the first hour of life at an institution with the baby-friendly hospital initiative

RESUMO Objetivou-se, neste estudo, identificar a prevalência da amamentação na primeira hora de vida e seus resultados para a manutenção do aleitamento materno. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva desenvolvida em uma instituição hospitalar com Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança da Tríplice Fronteira, realizada no segundo e terceiro trimestres de 2015. A coleta dos dados envolveu observação da primeira mamada e após 18 horas de nascimento; e contato telefônico após 90 dias. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística simples. Observaramse 88 binômios, dos quais 79,5% mamaram na primeira hora de vida. O parto normal foi um fator protetor para a amamentação na primeira hora e boa sucção. No alojamento conjunto, os binômios que iniciaram a mamada na primeira hora demonstraram melhor adaptação da sucção, porém não melhor resposta do recém-nascido. Após 90 dias do nascimento, a maioria das crianças estava sendo amamentada, mas também recebiam leite artificial. Aponta-se para a necessidade de sensibilizar gestores e profissionais de saúde para promover a prática do aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida como uma prioridade de cuidado.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia de la lactancia en la primera hora de vida y sus resultados para el mantenimiento de la lactancia materna. Investigación descriptiva desarrollada en una institución hospitalaria con Iniciativa Hospital Amigo del Niño de la triple frontera, en el segundo y tercer trimestre de 2015. La recolección de los datos involucró observación de la primera mamada y tras 18 horas de nacimiento; y contacto telefónico tras 90 días. Los datos fueron analizados por la estadística simple. Se observaron 88 binomios, siendo que, 79,5% mamaron en la primera hora de vida. El parto normal fue un factor protector para la lactancia en la primera hora y buena succión. En el alojamiento conjunto, los binomios que iniciaron la mamada en la primera hora demostraron mejor adaptación de la succión, pero sin una mejor respuesta del recién nacido. Después de 90 días del nacimiento, la mayoría de los niños estaba siendo amamantada, aunque, también recibía leche artificial. Se apunta a la necesidad de sensibilizar a gestores y profesionales de salud para promover la práctica de la lactancia materna en la primera hora de vida como una prioridad de cuidado.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of breastfeeding in the first hour of life and its outcomes to breastfeeding continuation. This is a descriptive research developed at a hospital institution with the Child-Friendly Hospital Initiativein the triple frontier, during the second and third quarter of 2015. Data collection involved observation of the first breastfeeding and breastfeeding 18 hours after birth, and a phone call after 90 days. Data were analyzed through simple statistics. A total of 88 binomials were assessed, with 79.5% being breastfed in the first hour of life. Normal delivery was a protective factor to breastfeeding in the first hour of life and to good suction. As for rooming-in, those binomials that started being breastfed in the first hour showed better suction adaptation, but not better response from the newborn. After 90 days of birth, most children were being breastfed but were receiving artificial milk too. It is worth highlighting the need to make health managers and professionals sensitive to promoting breastfeeding practice in the first hour of life as a healthcare priority.

Effect of bed exercises and gum chewing on abdominal sounds, flatulence and early discharge in the early period after caesarean section.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of bed exercises and gum chewing on abdominal sounds, flatulence and early discharge on women who have given birth at the Cengiz Gökçek Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital surgery services in Gaziantep city centre. BACKGROUND: Caesarean operation is the most significant surgical intervention that affects central nervous system and decelerates bowel movements in the postoperative period. Conducted studies show that practices such as gum chewing ensure that bowel functions start in a short time through early feeding and mobilisation and shorten the duration of hospital stay. DESIGN: A randomised controlled experimental was used. METHOD: A total of 120 women participated in the study in three groups of 40 for gum, exercise and control groups. Gum was given to the groups in the gum section two hours after the ceasarean, the women chewed gum for the first eight hours until flatulence for 15 minutes every two hours. However, the women in the exercise group started moving two hours after the caesarean for the first eight hours until flatulence for five minutes every two hours. The control group consisted of women under routine treatment and care of the hospital. All women were hourly evaluated in terms of abdominal sounds, flatulence and defaecation. RESULTS: It was determined that following caesarean, bowel functions started in three groups at the same time, there was no significant difference between three groups. It was determined that the gum group, exercise group and the control group were discharged earlier, there was no significant difference between three groups CONCLUSION: The study results show that spinal anaesthesia have positive effects on discharge time after caesarean section operation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study provides useful information to clinician and researchers when determining practices such as postoperative standing up in early period, gum chewing and early liquid intake related to postoperative bowel functions after abdominal operations.

Sequential compression device compliance in postoperative obstetrics and gynecology patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of patient and nursing education on sequential compression device compliance in patients who have undergone major obstetric or benign gynecologic procedures. METHODS: We performed a prospective observational study on all English-speaking patients who underwent cesarean delivery or benign gynecologic surgery and were prescribed to wear sequential compression devices postoperatively at a university medical center. The 4-month study was divided into 1-month segments. The first month consisted of baseline observations of compliance. The second month was comprised of structured patient education, the third month involved nursing education, and the final month included both interventions. Observations were made twice daily. All educational interventions and observations were performed by two coauthors. A patient was noted to be compliant if she was ambulating, sitting, or lying in bed with sequential compression devices applied, tubing attached, and the machine powered on. RESULTS: A total of 859 observations was recorded for 228 patients. The number of hospitalization days ranged from 1 to 13 (mean 2.40 days, median 2 days). There was no difference in compliance among the months with 141 of 230 (61.3%), 106 of 194 (54.6%), 155 of 277 (56.0%), and 95 of 158 (60.1%) compliance for each consecutive month (P=.44). Noncompliance increased with each successive postoperative day (odds ratio 1.18 per day, 95% confidence interval 1.07-1.30). The most common patient-stated reason for noncompliance was "the nurse said I don't need them anymore" (82/362 observations [22.6%]). Overall, cesarean delivery was associated with the lowest rate of compliance when compared with gynecologic surgeries (272/519 [52.4%] compared with 225/340 [66.2%], P<.001). CONCLUSION: Compliance with postoperative use of sequential compression devices is approximately 58% and did not improve with patient or nursing educational interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

Performance and ease of use evaluation of a new surgical post-operative foam island dressing in 14 patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgery.

AIM: The aim of this evaluation was to investigate ease of use and clinical performance of a new post-operative foam island dressing in female patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgery. Women undergoing surgery have genuine concerns regarding the risk of a hospital acquired infection. METHODOLOGY: The new post-operative dressing was evaluated on 14 patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgery during two weeks in March 2011. Evaluators rated packaging and dressing ease of use, wear time, shower proof ability, skin blistering and ease of removal. Patients rated comfort of the dressing during wear time and removal. RESULTS: Nurses and Midwives rated blister prevention 100% (good), shower proof capabilities 86% (good) and ease of removal 79% (good). Patients rated comfort during wear time, skin integrity, and the importance of bathing (shower proof). No wound infections, peri wound maceration or adverse events were recorded. CONCLUSION: Ensuring best patient outcomes and meeting individual needs remains the cornerstone of nursing practice. Reducing the risk of surgical site infections (SSI) remains a focus for NHS Trust throughout the UK particularly as Gynaelogical procedures require mandatory surveillance by the Health Protection Agency 1(The importance of patient comfort and ability to tend to hygiene needs is fundamental). The evaluated dressing has a flexible island pad allowing further tensile stretch and conformability when in situ. This was demonstrated in this study by both clinicians and patients in blister prevention, conformability, and patient comfort outcomes of this evaluation.

Hipotermia em pacientes submetidas à cesárea / Hypothermia in patients undergoing cesarean section

Objetivou-se analisar a temperatura corpórea de pacientes submetidas a cesarianas, bem como suas variáveis clínicas e demográficas. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo observacional e quantitativo, em um hospital de médio porte do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados evidenciaram qua a média da emperatura corporal das pacientes esteve entre 36,5 e 36.6 C durante o procedimento anestéscio-cirúrgico, que teve duração média de 58,5 minutos...

The high impact actions for nursing and midwifery. 7: Promoting normal birth.

There is significant variation in rates of Caesarean section between maternity units. Higher rates appear to be associated with older mothers and women from certain ethnic groups. However, taking these and other demographic factors into account does not explain the differences between trusts. This eighth article in this series on the high impact actions for nursing and midwifery looks at how midwives and nurses can help to avoid unnecessary Caesarean sections.

Diagnósticos de enfermagem me parturientes durante transoperatório - CIPE Beta-2 / Nursing diagnosis in parturient women during surgery - CIPE Beta-2

Estudo realizado no Centro Cirúrgico de uma maternidade pública, objetivando identificar a frequência dos diagnósticos de enfermagem mais comuns seguindo a CIPE em emergência obstétrica no período transoperatório de cesárea. Pesquisa do tipo descritivo-exploratória, quantitativa. Utilizou-se um instrumento para a entrevista, exame físico e observação de 30 parturientes....

Documented causes of unneCesareans.

UNLABELLED: A recently coined term, unneCesareans, concisely describes the mode of delivery for 25% of low-risk first births in most Western countries. Evaluation of Cesarean Delivery, published by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) in 2000, showed a lack of evidence of improved medical outcomes with the widespread use of cesareans for low-risk, full-term primiparas. Therefore, the term "unnecessary" is appropriate in the sense of medical outcomes. Although the complete causality of this phenomenon has probably not been elucidated, eighteen causes for this common practice have been documented in published research. CONCLUSIONS: UnneCesareans have multiple causes and therefore, a reverse in current trends is unlikely.

Emergency drills in obstetrics: reducing risk of perinatal death or permanent injury.

This article describes the need for mock emergency drills in perinatal emergencies such as shoulder dystocia, maternal hemorrhage, and emergency cesarean section. Effective drills are a patient safety initiative to reduce medical errors and adverse events during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods. Successful strategies are identified from other fields of practice to improve patient outcomes. Realistic, institutional specific scenarios for mock emergency drills result in improved team behaviors leading to better outcomes for mothers and infants.

Associação da vitalidade do recém-nascido com o tipo de parto / Association between newborn vitality and type of delivery

Este estudo tem por objetivo associar o escore de Apgar do primeiro e do quinto minuto de vida com recémnascidosde parto normal e de cesárea. A população foi constituída por 150 recém-nascidos a termo, sendo 75nascidos de parto normal e 75 de cesárea. Os resultados apresentaram diferença significativa (P=0,046) nos escoresde Apgar de 4 a 6 no primeiro minuto de vida, demonstrando uma tendência de diminuição na vitalidade nos bebêsimediatamente após o nascimento quando nascidos por cesárea. Os recém-nascidos de sexo masculino parecem sermais influenciados sobre a via de nascimento com relação aos do sexo feminino, pois apresentaram um menor escorede Apgar no primeiro minuto de vida, com diferença significativa (P=0,004), quando nascidos por cesárea.Em recém-nascidos a termo, o peso não apresentou relação com a alteração na vitalidade quando associados ao tipode nascimento.