Revisión narrativa del modelo de desarrollo positivo para adultos emergentes chilenos / A narrative review of the positive development model for Chilean emerging adults / Revisão narrativa do modelo de desenvolvimento positivo para adultos emergentes chilenos

Introducción: El desarrollo positivo es un estadio de ajuste psicosocial que acentúa las potencialidades y los recursos entre jóvenes y sus contextos próximos. En Australia, se desarrolló el primer modelo de desarrollo positivo para adultos emergentes, el cual consta de cinco componentes (competencia social, satisfacción con la vida, confianza y tolerancia con los otros, confianza hacia autoridades e instituciones, acción y compromiso cívico), pero no ha sido investigado en Chile. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia disponible en la literatura científica sobre los cinco componentes del modelo de desarrollo positivo en adultos emergentes universitarios de Chile. Materiales y métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura publicada entre 2013 y 2023, en bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc y Dialnet. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 83 artículos, de los cuales 53 cumplieron los requisitos de inclusión; en su mayor parte fueron estudios cuantitativos (81,13%) y en español (75,47%). Se evidenció una disparidad en la cantidad de estudios por temática; se encuentra mayor investigación en satisfacción con la vida y acción y compromiso cívico. Conclusiones: Existen brechas en la literatura científica chilena en el estudio del desarrollo positivo; además de que se discuten particularidades idiosincrásicas y desafíos asociados a la etapa de adultez emergente.

Introduction: Positive development is a stage of psychosocial adjustment that accentuates the potentials and resources of young people and their close contexts. The first positive development model for emerging adulthood was developed in Australia, which includes five components: social; life satisfaction; trust and tolerance of others; trust in the authorities and institutions; and action and civic engagement. However, this model has not been investigated in Chile. Objective: To analyze the evidence available in the scientific literature on the five components of the positive development model in emerging adults universities. Materials and methods: A narrative review of the literature published between 2013 and 2023 in the Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc, and Dialnet databases was conducted. Results: 83 articles were selected, of which 53 met the inclusion criteria; most of them were qualitative studies (81.13%) and in Spanish (75.47%). There is an evident disparity in terms of the number of studies and topics, e.g., there is more research on life satisfaction and civic action and commitment. Conclusions: There are gaps in the Chilean scientific literature in the study of positive development. In addition, idiosyncratic particularities and challenges associated with the stages of emerging adulthood are discussed.

Introdução: O desenvolvimento positivo é uma fase de ajustamento psicossocial que acentua o potencial e os recursos dos jovens e dos seus contextos imediatos. Na Austrália, foi desenvolvido o primeiro modelo de desenvolvimento positivo para adultos emergentes, que consiste em cinco componentes (social, satisfação com a vida, confiança e tolerância com os outros, confiança nas autoridades e instituições, ação e envolvimento cívico), mas ainda não foi investigado no Chile. Objetivo: Analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura científica sobre os cinco componentes do modelo de desenvolvimento positivo em adultos universitários emergentes no Chile. Materiais e métodos: Revisão narrativa da literatura publicada entre 2013 e 2023, nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc e Dialnet. Resultados: foram obtidos 83 artigos, dos quais 53 atenderam aos requisitos de inclusão; A maioria deles eram estudos quantitativos (81,13%) e em espanhol (75,47%). Ficou evidente uma disparidade no número de estudos por tema; Há mais pesquisas sobre satisfação com a vida e ação e compromisso cívico. Conclusões: Existem lacunas na literatura científica chilena no estudo do desenvolvimento positivo; Além disso, são discutidas particularidades e desafios idiossincráticos associados à fase da idade adulta emergente.

Innovative growth and development of a neurological surgery residency cadaveric spine-simulation training program: a single-institution experience.

OBJECTIVE: Cadaveric and dry 3D model-based simulation training is a valuable educational tool for neurosurgical residents. Such simulation training is an opportunity for residents to hone technical skills and decision-making and enhance their neuroanatomy knowledge. The authors describe the growth and development of the Oregon Health & Science University Department of Neurological Surgery resident-focused, hands-on, spine-simulation surgery courses and provide details of course evaluations, layout, and setup. METHODS: A four-part spine surgical simulation series, including two human cadaveric and two dry 3D model-based courses, was created to provide resident spine procedure training. Residents participated in the spine simulation series (2017-2021) and completed annual course curriculum and anonymous post-course evaluations. Evaluations included both Likert scale items and free-text responses. Responses to Likert scale items were analyzed in Python. Free-text responses were quantified using the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoner. Descriptive statistics were calculated and plotted using Python's seaborn and matplotlib library modules. RESULTS: The analysis included 129 spine (occipitocervical, thoracolumbar, and spine model fusion I and II) simulation course evaluations. Likert responses demonstrated high average responses for evaluation questions (4.67 ± 0.90 and above). The average compound sentiment value was 0.58 ± 0.28. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first time Likert responses and sentiment analysis have been used to demonstrate how neurosurgical residents positively value a hands-on spine simulation training. Simulation is an essential component of neurosurgical resident education training. The authors encourage other neurosurgical education programs to develop and leverage spine simulation as a teaching tool.

Maternal breastfeeding and education impact infant growth and development more than in-utero HIV/antiretroviral therapy exposure in context of universal antiretroviral therapy.

BACKGROUND: Exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) in utero may influence infant growth and development. Most available evidence predates adoption of universal ART (Option B+ ART regimens). In a recent cohort, we compared growth and development in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) to HIV-unexposed (HUU) infants. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study: data from Impact of Maternal HIV on Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection among Peripartum Women and their Infants (MiTIPS) in Western Kenya. METHODS: Women were enrolled during pregnancy. Mother-infant pairs were followed until 24 months postpartum. We used multivariable linear mixed-effects models to compare growth rates [weight-for-age z score (WAZ) and height-for-age z score (HAZ)] and multivariable linear regression to compare overall development between HEU and HUU children. RESULTS: About 51.8% (184/355) of the infants were HEU, 3.9% low birthweight (<2.5 kg), and 8.5% preterm (<37 gestational weeks). During pregnancy, all mothers of HEU received ART; 67.9% started ART prepregnancy, and 87.3% received 3TC/FTC, TDF, and EFV. In longitudinal analyses, HEU children did not differ significantly from HUU in growth or development ( P  > 0.05 for all). In the combined HEU/HUU cohort, higher maternal education was associated with significantly better growth and development: WAZ [ ß â€Š= 0.18 (95% CI 0.01-0.34)], HAZ [ ß â€Š= 0.26 (95% CI 0.04-0.48)], and development [ ß â€Š= 0.24 (95% CI 0.02-0.46)]. Breastfeeding was associated with significantly better HAZ [ ß =0.42 (95% CI 0.19-0.66)] and development [ ß â€Š=0.31 (95% CI 0.08-0.53)]. CONCLUSION: HEU children in the setting of universal maternal ART had a similar growth trajectory and development to HUU children. Breastfeeding and maternal education improved children's weight, height, and overall development irrespective of maternal HIV status.

Development and growth of median structures in the human tongue: A histological study using human fetuses and adult cadavers.

Glossectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove all or part of the tongue in patients with cancer. The removal of a significant part of the tongue has a marked effect on speech and swallowing function, as patients may lose not only the tongue muscles but also the median lingual septum (MLS). Therefore, to achieve successful tongue regeneration, it is necessary to investigate the developmental processes of not only the tongue muscles but also the MLS. This study was conducted to clarify the mutual development of the tongue muscles and the MLS in human fetuses. Serial or semi-serial histological sections from 37 embryos and fetuses (aged 5-39 weeks) as well as nine adults were analyzed. The MLS appeared at Carnegie stage 15 (CS15), and until 12 weeks of gestation, abundant fibers of the intrinsic transverse muscle crossed the septum in the entire tongue. However, in near-term fetuses and adults, the contralaterally extending muscles were restricted to the deepest layer just above the genioglossus muscle. This finding indicates that the crossing transverse muscle showed the highest density at mid-term. A thorough understanding of both the MLS and the tongue muscles is necessary for successful tongue regeneration.

What triggers phenological events in plants under seasonal environments? A study with phylogenetically related plant species in sympatry / O que desencadeia eventos fenológicos em plantas em ambientes sazonais? Um estudo com espécies de plantas filogeneticamente relacionadas e em simpatria

In this study, we evaluated variation in vegetative and reproductive phenological events of four phylogenetically related plant species subjected to a seasonal environment. To this aim, we sampled 15 individuals of each plant species every fortnight for one year, between January and December of 2017. To assess when a given phenophase occurred more intensely in the population, the Fournier intensity index was used and the synchrony of individuals of the sample in a given phenological event was estimated using the activity index. The Rayleigh (Z) test was used to determine whether the phenological events have seasonal distribution. The relationship of abiotic factors (photoperiod, precipitation, relative humidity and temperature) with the intensity of phenophases was evaluated for each plant species using generalized linear models (GLMs). The phenophases of all plants showed a seasonal distribution pattern, as well as variation in synchrony of phenophases and specific sets of abiotic factors significantly influenced their phenophases. New leaves, for example, were produced throughout the seasons, with intense leaf fall in the dry season. Flowering periods, on the other hand, did not overlap. Indeed, species exhibited sequential flowering and asynchronous flowering among individuals. Our results suggest that the phenological patterns of four sympatric plant species are directly linked to climatic variables, but different abiotic factors affected different phenophases.

Neste estudo, avaliamos a variação nos eventos fenológicos vegetativos e reprodutivos de quatro espécies de plantas filogeneticamente relacionadas submetidas a um ambiente sazonal. Para isso, amostramos 15 indivíduos de cada espécie quinzenalmente, pelo período de um ano, entre janeiro e dezembro de 2017. Para avaliar quando uma determinada fenofase ocorreu de modo mais intenso na população foi utilizado o índice de intensidade de Fournier e a sincronia dos indivíduos da amostra em determinado evento fenológico foi estimada utilizando-se o índice de atividade. O teste de Rayleigh (Z) foi usado para determinar se os eventos fenológicos têm distribuição sazonal. A relação dos fatores abióticos (fotoperíodo, precipitação, temperatura e umidade relativa) com a intensidade das fenofases foi avaliada para cada espécie de planta usando modelos lineares generalizados (GLMs). As fenofases de todas as plantas apresentaram um padrão de distribuição sazonal, bem como variação na sincronia das fenofases e conjuntos específicos de fatores abióticos influenciaram significativamente suas fenofases. Folhas novas, por exemplo, foram produzidas ao longo das estações, com intensa queda de folhas na estação seca. Os períodos de floração, por outro lado, não se sobrepuseram. De fato, as espécies exibiram floração sequencial e floração assíncrona entre os indivíduos. Nossos resultados sugerem que os padrões fenológicos das quatro espécies de plantas simpátricas estão diretamente ligados às variáveis climáticas, mas diferentes fatores abióticos afetaram diferentes fenofases.

Potencial dendrocronológico de tres especies de Podocarpáceas de la Cordillera de los Andes / Dendrochronological potential of three Podocarpaceae species from the Andean Cordillera

Resumen Introducción: Poco se conoce del potencial dendrocronológico de las Podocarpáceas en el trópico. Objetivo: Explorar el potencial dendrocronológico de tres especies de podocarpáceas: Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Podocarpus oleifolius y Prumnopitys harmsiana. Métodos: De plantaciones no manejadas localizadas en los Andes colombianos, se muestrearon y analizaron 88 árboles: 30 muestras de R. rospigliosii provenientes de secciones transversales, 30 y 28 muestras de P. oleifolius y P. harmsiana, respectivamente, provenientes de núcleos de madera extraídos con barreno de incrementos. Las muestras se procesaron siguiendo las técnicas dendrocronológicas estándar. Resultados: En general, las características anatómicas de los anillos de crecimiento son similares para las tres especies, con una anatomía simple de traqueidas alineadas radialmente por tratarse de coníferas. Dado que la edad conocida de la plantación coincide con el número de anillos se considera una fuerte evidencia de la frecuencia anual de su formación en R. rospigliosii y P. oleifolius, las cuales presentaron buena sincronización (cofechado) con una inter-correlación promedio de 0.55 (r-Pearson). Para P. harmsiana no fue posible concretar series de ancho de anillos de las muestras recolectadas. Las series estandarizadas de R. rospigliosii y P. oleifolius mostraron una relación con los registros instrumentales de precipitación y temperatura, indicando que estas especies pueden ser promisorias para estudios adicionales. Conclusión: La investigación dendrocronología con especies de Podocarpáceas podría realizarse exitosamente con R. rospigliosii y P. oleifolius, pero no con P. harmsiana.

Abstract Introduction: Little is known about the dendrochronological potential of Podocarpaceaes in the tropics. Objective: To explore the dendrochronological potential of three Podocarpaceae species: Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Podocarpus oleifolius, and Prumnopitys harmsiana. Methods: From a non-managed plantation in the Andean cordillera in Colombia, a total of 88 trees were analyzed: 30 samples of cross-sections of R. rospigliosii, and 30 and 28 samples of P. oleifolius and P. harmsiana, respectively, obtained with an increment borer. Samples were processed according to standard dendrochronological methods. Results: The anatomical characteristics of the growth rings of the three species are similar, with a simple conifer anatomy with radially oriented tracheids. Since the known age of the plantation coincides with the number of tree rings this is strong evidence of annual tree-ring frequency of R. rospigliosii and P. oleifolius which also showed a satisfactory cross-dating with an average inter-correlation of 0.55 (r-Pearson). For P. harmsiana, it was not possible to build a tree-ring series from the collected samples. R. rospigliosii and P. oleifolius standardized ring-width chronologies showed a relationship with the instrumental records of rainfall and temperature, indicating these species may be promising further studies. Conclusions: Dendrochronological research with Podocarpaceae species could be carried out successfully with R. rospigliosii and P. oleifolius but not with P. harmsiana.

O que é a ecolalia para o autismo segundo a literatura? / What is echolalia for autism according to the literature?

Objetivo: Descrever, segundo a literatura, a relação entre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista e a ecolalia. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica na BVS, PubMed e Scielo, utilizando os descritores DECS/MESH "Transtorno do Espectro Autista AND ecolalia" e "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND Echolalia" combinados pelo operador booleano "AND". Resultados: Predominaram estudos qualitativos (35,7%) com baixo nível de evidência (92,8%). A maioria das pesquisas (78,6%) foi conduzida nos Estados Unidos da América em 2021, com participantes de 1 a 40 anos, sendo a ecolalia frequentemente observada em crianças de 2 anos (28,6%). A abordagem ao tratamento da ecolalia foi mencionada em apenas 21,4% dos estudos, destacando métodos comportamentais. Conclusão: A ecolalia, fenômeno persistente no TEA, é uma notável peculiaridade na comunicação verbal, apresentando variações imediatas, tardias e mitigadas. Suas implicações continuam a desafiar o desenvolvimento e as intervenções clínicas.(AU)

Objective: To describe, based on the literature, the relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and echolalia. Method: An integrative review of scientific literature was conducted using BVS, PubMed, and Scielo databases, employing the DECS/MESH descriptors "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND echolalia" and "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND Echolalia" combined with the Boolean operator "AND." Results: Qualitative studies predominated (35.7%) with low levels of evidence (92.8%). The majority of research (78.6%) was conducted in the United States in 2021, involving participants aged 1 to 40, with echolalia frequently observed in 2-year-old children (28.6%). The approach to echolalia treatment was mentioned in only 21.4% of the studies, emphasizing behavioral methods. Conclusion: Echolalia, a persistent phenomenon in Autism Spectrum Disorder, represents a notable peculiarity in verbal communication, exhibiting immediate, delayed, and mitigated variations. Its implications continue to challenge development and clinical interventions.(AU)

Objetivo: Describir, según la literatura, la relación entre el Trastorno del Espectro Autista y la ecolalia. Método: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura científica en las bases de datos BVS, PubMed y Scielo, utilizando los descriptores DECS/MESH "Trastorno del Espectro Autista AND ecolalia" y "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND Echolalia" combinados con el operador booleano "AND". Resultados: Predominaron los estudios cualitativos (35,7%) con un bajo nivel de evidencia (92,8%). La mayoría de las investigaciones (78,6%) se llevaron a cabo en Estados Unidos en 2021, con participantes de 1 a 40 años, siendo la ecolalia observada con frecuencia en niños de 2 años (28,6%). El enfoque para el tratamiento de la ecolalia se mencionó solo en el 21,4% de los estudios, destacando métodos conductuales. Conclusión: La ecolalia, un fenómeno persistente en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista, representa una notable peculiaridad en la comunicación verbal, mostrando variaciones inmediatas, tardías y mitigadas. Sus implicaciones siguen desafiando el desarrollo y las intervenciones clínicas.(AU)

Toxic effects of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and tetracycline (TC) on the growth and development of Triticum aestivum: A meta-analysis.

The environmental issue of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and tetracycline (TC) contamination in cereal crops has become a growing concern worldwide. An in-depth understanding of this issue would be of importance to promote effective management strategies for heavy metals and antibiotics worldwide. The present study was conducted to assess the toxic effects of heavy metals (Cd, Pb) and antibiotics (TC) on Triticum aestivum (T. aestivum, common wheat) based on studies conducted in the past 22 years. Data pertaining to the growth and development of T. aestivum were extracted and analyzed from 89 publications spanning from 2000 to 2022. Our results showed that Pb, Cd and TC significantly reduced growth and development by 11 %, 9 %, and 5 %, respectively. Additionally, significant accumulation of Cd (42 %) and Pb (17 %) was observed in T. aestivum samples, although there was little change in TC accumulation, which showed limited absorption, accumulation, and translocation of TC in wheat plants. Pb had the greatest impact on the yield of T. aestivum, followed by Cd, while TC had no apparent effect. Furthermore, exposure to Cd, Pb and TC reduced the photosynthetic rate due to chlorophyll reduction, with Cd having the most pronounced effect (58 %), followed by Pb (37 %) and TC (8 %). Cd exposure also significantly enhanced gaseous exchange (37 %) compared to TC and Pb, which reduced gaseous exchange by 4 % and 10 %, respectively. However, the treatments with TC (>50-100 mgL-1), Pb (>1000-2000 mg L-1) and Cd (>500-1000 mg L-1) increased the defense system of T. aestivum samples by 38 %, 15 %, and 11 %, respectively. The obtained findings have significant implications for risk assessment, pollution prevention, and remediation strategies to address soil contamination from Pb, Cd and TC in farmland.

Effect of overexpression of KLF4 on the growth and development of hair follicles in mice.

Hair follicle growth is cyclical, and hair cycle dysfunction can lead to hair follicle-related disorders, including alopecia and hirsutism. The objective was to investigate the influence and underlying mechanism of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) overexpression on hair follicle growth and development in C57BL/6 mice. To provide a theoretical basis for the biological functions of KLF4 gene in hair follicle development and hair follicle cycle, mice were assigned to three groups: experimental, overexpressing KLF4 (Ad-KLF4); control, expressing green fluorescent protein (Ad-NC); and blank, no treatment. Fur was removed from the dorsal surface, and the mice were intradermally injected with 25 µL 1 × 1010 PFU/mL adenovirus vector (Ad-KLF4 or Ad-NC) at three points. Samples were collected for molecular biological and histological analysis. It was found that mRNA and protein levels of Wnt pathway-associated factors ß-catenin, LEF1, hair follicle cell proliferation-related factor Ki67, and hair follicle inner caledrin marker AE15 were all significantly greater in the Ad-NC and blank groups than in Ad-KLF4 mice (P < 0.01). These findings were confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. Hair growth was monitored photographically for 14 days, showing an absence of growth in the injected region of the KLF4-overexpressing mice in contrast to non-overexpressing areas where hair growth was normal. HE staining showed that hair follicles in the blank and Ad-NC mice were normal, while those in the KLF4-overexpressing areas remained in telogen or early anagen with spherical dermal papillae situated at the edge of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue without an inner heel sheath. In conclusion, it was found that KLF4 downregulated key Wnt/ß-catenin-associated factors during follicular regeneration in mice, reducing both follicular development and growth.

Reduction of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm growth and development using arctic berry extracts.

Introduction: Surgical site infection remains a devastating and feared complication of surgery caused mainly by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). More specifically, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection poses a serious threat to global health. Therefore, developing new antibacterial agents to address drug resistance are urgently needed. Compounds derived from natural berries have shown a strong antimicrobial potential. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts from two arctic berries, cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus), on the development of an MRSA biofilm and as treatment on a mature MRSA biofilm. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of two cloudberry seed-coat fractions, hydrothermal extract and ethanol extract, and the wet-milled hydrothermal extract of a raspberry press cake to inhibit and treat biofilm development in a wound-like medium. To do so, we used a model strain and two clinical strains isolated from infected patients. Results: All berry extracts prevented biofilm development of the three MRSA strains, except the raspberry press cake hydrothermal extract, which produced a diminished anti-staphylococcal effect. Discussion: The studied arctic berry extracts can be used as a treatment for a mature MRSA biofilm, however some limitations in their use exist.

Growth and development of oncology nursing in Africa.

There is a growing recognition that oncology nurses are vitally important for an effective cancer control system. Although there is variation among countries, oncology nursing is being recognized as a specialty practice and seen as a priority for development in cancer control plans in many settings. Ministries of Health in many countries are beginning to acknowledge the role nurses play in achieving successful cancer control outcomes. Additionally, the need for access to relevant education for oncology nursing practice is being recognized by nursing and policy leaders. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the growth and development of oncology nursing in Africa. Several vignettes are presented by nurse leaders in cancer care from several African countries. Their descriptions offer brief illustrations regarding the leadership nurses are providing in cancer control education, clinical practice, and research in their respective countries. The illustrations offer insight into the urgent need, and the potential, for future development of oncology nursing as a specialty given the many challenges nurses face across the African continent. The illustrations may also provide encouragement and ideas for nurses in countries where there is little current development of the specialty about how to proceed to mobilize efforts aimed toward its growth.

A review of growth and development of oncology nursing in six European countries.

Oncology nursing consists of a branch of nursing specialised in the care of people affected by cancer. Despite its essential contribution in the field of oncology, there is lack or poor recognition as a specialty across Europe. The aim of this paper is to review the development and growth of oncology nursing in 6 diverse countries in Europe. The paper has been developed by drawing on the relevant national and European literature (e.g., in local language and English language) available in the participating countries. European and international literature has been used complementarily to contextualised the findings to the wider field of cancer nursing across the world. Furthermore, this literature has been utilised to demonstrate how the implications of the paper's outcomes can be relevant to other cancer nursing contexts. The paper discusses the pathways of the development and growth of oncology nursing in France, Cyprus, UK, Croatia, Norway, and Spain. This paper will further contribute to raising the awareness on the extent and level of contribution that oncology nurses are making to improve cancer care on a global scale. This also needs to be in accordance to the policy frameworks on a national, European and global context so that the recognition of the vital contribution of oncology nurses is complemented with its full recognition as a distinct specialty.

Habilidades socioemocionais: efeitos de uma intervenção em educação para a carreira / Socioemotional skills: effects of a career education intervention / Habilidades socioemocionales: efectos de una intervención en la educación para la carrera

This study aimed to assess the effect of a Career Education intervention intended to promote social-emotional skills. A total of 62 students attending the 9th grade of a public school participated in this study. Data were obtained using the Inventory for the Assessment of Social and Emotional Skills (SENNA 2.0). The intervention effects were analyzed by comparing Intervention Group A (GA), Control Group (CG), and Intervention Group B (GB) and within groups. The results show statistically significant differences only between the groups and in two dimensions: Agreeableness in favor of Intervention Group A (GA) and Openness in favor of Intervention Group B (GB). These findings show the benefits an intervention program intended to promote the development of social-emotional skills can promote in Career Education. However, the small number of participants stands out in terms of limitations. Hence, studies with larger samples are needed to replicate the results. In addition, this study reveals methodological aspects to be considered in the design of Career Education programs, such as more sessions to reach more individuals and obtain more effective results over time.

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de uma estratégia de intervenção em Educação para Carreira visando o desenvolvimento das habilidades socioemocionais. Participaram 62 estudantes do nono ano do Ensino Fun-damental II de uma escola pública. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do Instrumento para Avaliação de Ha-bilidades Socioemocionais (SENNA 2.0). Os efeitos da intervenção foram analisados nas comparações entre o Grupo de Intervenção (GA) e o Grupo Controle (GC), de Intervenção B (GB) e intragrupos. Os resultados mostram diferenças estatisticamente significativas apenas entre grupos e em duas dimensões: Amabilidade a favor do Grupo de Intervenção A (GA) e Abertura ao novo no Grupo de Intervenção B (GB). Tais achados mostram benefícios que o programa de intervenção para o desenvolvimento das habilidades socioemocionais pode propiciar à Educação para a Carreira. Como limitação, destaca-se o pequeno número de participantes, tornando-se necessário que estudos com amostras maiores, visando a replicação dos resultados. O estudo aponta aspectos metodológicos a serem considerados no delineamento de programas de Educação para a Carreira, com mais sessões, visando maior alcance e resultados mais efetivos ao longo do tempo.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de una estrategia de intervención en Educación para la Carrera dirigida al desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales. Participaron 62 estudiantes del grado no-veno de la Enseñanza Básica II de un colegio público. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante el Instrumento de Evaluación de Habilidades Socioemocionales (SENNA 2.0). Los efectos de la intervención se analizaron en comparaciones entre el Grupo de Intervención (GA) y el Grupo de Control (GC), la Intervención B (GB) e intragrupos. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas solo entre grupos y en dos dimensiones: Amabilidad a favor del Grupo de Intervención A (GA) y Apertura a lo nuevo en el Grupo de Intervención B (GB). Tales hallazgos muestran los beneficios que el programa de intervención para el desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales puede brindar a la Educación para la Carrera. Como limitación, se destaca el pequeño número de participantes, lo que obligó a realizar estudios con una muestra mayor, con el objetivo de replicar los resultados. El estudio apunta aspectos metodológicos a ser considerados en el diseño de programas de Educación para la Carrera, con más sesiones, buscando mayor alcance y resul-tados más efectivos en el tiempo

Diagnósticos enfermagem em participantes de equoterapia / Diagnósticos de enfermería en participantes de terapia equina / Nursing diagnoses in equine therapy participants

Objetivo:identificar diagnósticos de enfermagem em participantes de equoterapia. Método:pesquisa observacional com abordagem quantitativa, com 15 participantes, de ambos os sexos, com idade de um a 14 anos, frequentadores de equoterapia. Os dados foram coletados com a equipe da equoterapia e o processo de enfermagem juntamente com o exame físico foi realizado em todos os participantes, e posteriormente foi identificado o, diagnóstico de enfermagem com base na classificação internacional.Resultados:verificou-se que 86,7% dos participantes apresentaram crescimento adequado. Conclusão:a presença da enfermagem na equoterapia e a identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem, auxilia a equipe a ter uma visão mais ampla da evolução clínica do paciente e do impacto da equoterapia no mesmo, auxiliando dessa maneira na tomada de decisões e intervenções a ser utilizada.

Objective: to identify nursing diagnoses in equine therapy participants.Method: observational research with a quantitative approach, with 15 participants, of both sexes, aged between one and 14 years, attending equine therapy. Data were collected with the equine therapy team and the nursing process together with the physical examination was carried out on all participants, and the nursing diagnosis was subsequently identified based on the international classification.Results: it was found that 86.7% of participants showed adequate growth.Conclusion: the presence of nursing in equine therapy and the identification of nursing diagnoses helps the team to have a broader view of the patient's clinical evolution and the impact of equine therapy on the patient, thus assisting in decision-making and interventions to be used.

Objetivo: identificar diagnósticos de enfermería en participantes de equinoterapia.Método: investigación observacional con enfoque cuantitativo, con 15 participantes, de ambos sexos, con edades entre uno y 14 años, que asistían a equinoterapia. Se recolectaron datos con el equipo de equinoterapia y se realizó el proceso de enfermería junto con el examen físico a todos los participantes, identificándose posteriormente el diagnóstico de enfermería con base en la clasificación internacional.Resultados: se encontró que el 86,7% de los participantes presentaron un crecimiento adecuado.Conclusión: la presencia de enfermería en equinoterapia y la identificación de diagnósticos de enfermería ayuda al equipo a tener una visión más amplia de la evolución clínica del paciente y del impacto de la equinoterapia en el paciente, ayudando así en la toma de decisiones e intervenciones a utilizar.

Plasma metabolomics identifies metabolic alterations associated with the growth and development of cat.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to study the composition and content of the feline plasma metabolome revealing the critical metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with age during growth and development. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from juvenile and adult groups for blood routine tests and serum biochemistry tests. Non-targeted metabolomics analyses of plasma were also performed to investigate changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways. RESULTS: In this study, we found that the red blood cell counts, liver function indexes (albumin and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), and the concentration of triglyceride and glucose changed significant with growth and development. The metabolomics results revealed that 1427 metabolites were identified in the plasma of young and adult cats. Most of these metabolites belong to major classes of lipids and lipid-like molecules. The most obvious age-related metabolites include reduced levels of chenodeoxycholate, taurocholate, cholate, and taurochenodeoxycholate but increased levels of L-cysteine and taurocyamine in the adult cat's serum. These metabolites are mainly involved in the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway, the bile secretion pathway, and the taurine and hypotaurine metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION: This study revealed many age-related metabolite alterations in the feline plasma. These age-varying metabolites, especially in the bile acid biosynthesis and secretion metabolism pathways, indicate that the regulation of these pathways is involved in the growth and development of cats. This study promotes our understanding of the mechanism of feline growth and provides new insights into nutrition and medicine for cats of different ages.

The impact of propranolol on the growth and development of children with proliferative infantile hemangioma during treatment.

Oral propranolol has not been shown to impact physical development, such as weight and height. The impact of children's intellectual development has received relatively little attention from researchers. The effects of propranolol on the growth and development of children with proliferative infantile hemangiomas during treatment were analyzed retrospectively. The children with infantile hemangioma treated with oral propranolol in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, from February 2017 to May 2022 were analyzed. A uniform therapeutic regimen was applied, including assessment, treatment, and follow-up. The assessment included physical development and intellectual development indices. The physical development indices were height and weight. Neuropsychological assessment uses developmental quotient (DQ) to assess intelligence development. The DQs on months 3, 6, and 9 posttreatment were compared to the pretreatment. Wilcoxon rank sum test of paired samples was used for height and weight. The developmental quotient was determined by paired t test. P < .05 indicated significant difference. A total of 51 patients were enrolled. All children completed the treatment successfully, without severe adverse drug reactions leading to treatment discontinuation. There was no significant difference in height and weight before and after treatment (P > .05). No significant difference was detected in DQ 3 months posttreatment and pretreatment (P = .19), while it decreased at 6 and 9 months posttreatment (P < .05). Oral propranolol does not have an impact on physical development (height and weight). No short-term effect was found on intellectual development, but a decrease was noted over 6 months, which needs to be investigated further.

Growth and development of oncology nursing in North America.

The specialty of oncology nursing has been evolving in North America for nearly a century, keeping pace with the rapid and dynamic developments in cancer care. This narrative review outlines the history and development of oncology nursing in North America with a focus on the United States and Canada. The review highlights the important contributions that specialized oncology nurses have made to the care of people affected by cancer from time of diagnosis through treatment, follow-up and survivorship care, as well as palliative, end-of-life, and bereavement care. Keeping pace with the rapid evolution of cancer treatments throughout the last century, nursing roles have similarly evolved to meet the need for more specialized training and education. This paper discusses the growth of nursing roles, including advanced practice and navigator roles. In addition, the paper outlines the development of professional oncology nursing organizations and societies that have been established to help guide the profession with best practices, standards, and competencies. Finally, the paper discusses new challenges and opportunities regarding the access, availability, and delivery of cancer care that will shape future development of the specialty. Oncology nurses will continue to be integral to the provision of high-quality, comprehensive cancer care as clinicians, educators, researchers, and leaders.

Aceptabilidad de alimentos según sociodiversidad en comedores escolares de Brasil / Food acceptability according to sociodiversity in school canteens in Brazil

Una alimentación saludable en la escuela es fundamental para el crecimiento y desarrollo de los estudiantes, para su bienestar y su buen rendimiento escolar. El Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar (PNAE) de Brasil, en este sentido, pretende ofrecer una alimentación variada, segura y que respete la cultura, las tradiciones y los hábitos alimentarios saludables. Ante el escenario actual de malnutrición y de cambio climático, caracterizado por la Sindemia Global, desde diversos niveles gubernamentales se señala la importancia de incluir en los comedores escolares alimentos de la sociobiodiversidad, concepto definido en el Plan Nacional de Promoción de las Cadenas de Productos de la Sociobiodiversidad en Brasil en 2009. Objetivo. El estudio que se presenta tiene como objetivo evaluar la aceptabilidad de las preparaciones a base de productos de la sociobiodiversidad con estudiantes de escuelas públicas de Rio Grande do Sul (RS) y Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brasil. Materiales y métodos. El trabajo forma parte de un estudio transversal y multicéntrico, con pruebas de adherencia y aceptabilidad de preparaciones a base de alimentos de la sociobiodiversidad realizado con estudiantes de escuelas públicas de RS y RN. Resultado. Se observó que las preparaciones obtuvieron excelentes porcentajes de adhesión, 100% en ambos estados, y de aceptabilidad, oscilando entre el 82 y el 97% de aceptación de las preparaciones. Conclusión. La alimentación puede ser utilizada en el ámbito escolar a partir de su potencial dialógico y socioeducativo para la transformación social y la promoción de la cohesión social en torno a dietas más sostenibles(AU)

Healthy nutrition at school is fundamental for the growth and development of students, for their well-being and good school performance. Brazil's National School Feeding Programme (PNAE) aims to offer a varied and safe diet that respects culture, traditions and healthy eating habits. Faced with the current scenario of malnutrition and climate change, characterised by the Global Syndemic, various levels of government have highlighted the importance of including sociobiodiverse foods in school feeding, a concept defined in the National Plan for the Promotion of Socio-biodiverse Product Chains in Brazil in 2009. Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the acceptability of preparations based on sociobiodiversity products with students from public schools in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. Materials and methods. The study is part of a cross-sectional, multicentre study, with adherence and acceptability tests of preparations based on sociobiodiversity foods carried out with students from public schools in RS and RN. Results. It was observed that the preparations obtained excellent percentages of adherence, 100% in both states, and acceptability, ranging from 82 to 97% of acceptance of the preparations. Conclusion. School feeding can be used in the school environment from its dialogical and socio-educational potential for social transformation and the promotion of social cohesion around more sustainable diets(AU)

Efectos de la edad relativa en selecciones femeninas de Colombia: caso juegos bolivarianos 2022 / Relative age effects in Colombian women's teams: 2022 bolivarian games case / Efeitos da idade relativa nas equipes femininas colombianas: caso dos jogos bolivarianos 2022

Los efectos relativos de la edad (RAE) se refieren a aquellas (des)ventajas y resultados que proceden fundamentalmente de una interacción entre la fecha de nacimiento y las fechas utilizadas para organizar logísticamente a los participantes. Los RAE prevalecen constantemente en contextos deportivos femeninos, con un 25 % más de participantes relativamente mayores (Q1) que participantes relativamente más jóvenes (Q4). Nuestro objetivo fue identificar los RAE en las selecciones Colombia femeninas participantes en los últimos juegos Bolivarianos [JB] (Organización Deportiva Bolivariana [ODEBO], 2022). Se analizaron un total n = 87 fechas de nacimiento, utilizando la prueba estadística de chi-cuadrada. El análisis nos permitió establecer que no existen los RAE en las selecciones femeninas participantes en los JB (X2 = 12,2; p = 0,836). Estos hallazgos son importantes para el contexto del deporte femenino colombiano y pueden ser tenidos en cuenta por organizaciones, clubes deportivos, así como en lineamientos para la identificación y selección de talentos deportivos.

Relative Age Effects (RAE) refer to those (dis)advantages and outcomes that stem primarily from an interaction between the date of birth and the dates used to logistically organize the participants. RAE is consistently prevalent in female sports contexts, with 25% more relatively older participants (Q1) than relatively younger participants (Q4). Our objective was to identify the RAE in the Colombian women's teams participating in the last Bolivarian Games (JB) (ODEBO, 2022). A total of n = 87 dates of birth were analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The analysis allowed us to establish that there are no RAE in the female teams participating in JB (X2 = 12,2; p = 0,836). These findings are important in the context of Colombian women's sports and can be considered by organizations, and sports clubs, as well as in guidelines for the identification and Selection of sports talents.

Os Efeitos da Idade Relativa (RAE) referem-se àquelas (des)vantagens e resultados que decorrem principalmente de uma interação entre a data de nascimento e as datas utilizadas para organizar logisticamente os participantes. O EIR é consistentemente prevalente em contextos esportivos femininos, com 25% mais participantes relativamente mais velhos (Q1) do que participantes relativamente mais jovens (Q4). Nosso objetivo foi identificar o RAE nas equipes femininas colombianas participantes dos últimos Jogos Bolivarianos (JB) (ODEBO, 2022). Um total de n = 87 datas de nascimento foram analisadas pelo teste estatístico do qui-quadrado. A análise permitiu estabelecer que não há EIR nas equipes femininas participantes do JB (X2 = 12,2; p = 0,836). Esses achados são importantes para o contexto do esporte feminino colombiano e podem ser levados em consideração pelas organizações e clubes esportivos, bem como nas diretrizes para a identificação e seleção de talentos esportivos.

Growth and development of oncology nursing in Asia.

Oncology nursing is increasingly recognized around the world as being vitally important for an effective cancer control system. Granted, there is variation between and among countries/regions regarding the strength and nature of that recognition, but oncology nursing is clearly seen as a specialty practice and as a priority for development in cancer control plans, especially for high resource countries/regions. Many countries/regions are beginning to recognize that nurses are vitally important to their cancer control efforts and nurses require specialized education and infrastructure support to make a substantial contribution. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the growth and development of cancer nursing in Asia. Several brief summaries are presented by nurse leaders in cancer care from several Asian countries/regions. Their descriptions reflect illustrations of the leadership nurses are providing in cancer control practice, education, and research in their respective countries/regions. The illustrations also reflect the potential for future development and growth of oncology nursing as a specialty given the many challenges nurses face across Asia. The development of relevant education programs following basic nursing preparation, the establishment of specialty organizations for oncology nurses, and engagement by nurses in policy activity have been influential factors in the growth of oncology nursing in Asia.