RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet counts and increased bleeding risk. The disease may be induced by other disorders, including malignancies, autoimmune diseases, infectious agents or drugs. However, ITP has also been described following vaccinations, such as the measles-mumps-rubella vaccination. In rare cases, ITP may occur in children who received a DTaP-IP (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine and inactivated poliovirus) vaccine. Hereinafter, we report the first well-documented cases of ITP in an adult patient in the temporal context of a DTaP-IP vaccination. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report attempts to capture the life-threatening picture of a 36-year-old otherwise healthy Caucasian woman with newly diagnosed severe immune thrombocytopenia in the temporal context of a DTaP-IP vaccination. Four days after receiving the vaccine, the women presented to her primary care physician with malaise, fever and recurrent epistaxis. Clinical examination revealed oral petechiae, ecchymoses, and non-palpable petechiae on both legs. The patient was immediately referred to a local hematology unit where she developed hematuria and an intestinal bleeding (WHO Bleeding Grade III) requiring multiple transfusions. After receiving oral corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins, her platelets gradually recovered. Common causes of secondary ITP were ruled out by laboratory investigations, bone marrow and peripheral blood examinations. This raises the possibility of a (secondary) vaccination-associated thrombocytopenia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first well-documented case of a DTaP-IP vaccination-related ITP in an adult patient in the English literature. CONCLUSION: Although a causal connection between both entities may not be established, we would like to raise awareness in clinicians that ITP following DTaP-IP vaccinations is potentially not limited to children, but may also occur in adults. Users of DTaP-IP booster vaccines should be alert of the possibility of such adverse reactions.
Assuntos
Vacinas contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche Acelular , Difteria , Poliomielite , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática , Tétano , Trombocitopenia , Coqueluche , Adulto , Anticorpos Antibacterianos , Criança , Difteria/etiologia , Difteria/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche Acelular/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização Secundária/efeitos adversos , Poliomielite/induzido quimicamente , Poliomielite/prevenção & controle , Vacina Antipólio de Vírus Inativado/efeitos adversos , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/induzido quimicamente , Tétano/etiologia , Tétano/prevenção & controle , Vacinação/efeitos adversos , Coqueluche/etiologia , Coqueluche/prevenção & controleRESUMO
We present two cases of laparoscopically inserted mesh for inguinal hernia repair that became infected following emergency open bowel surgery. We believe that there is an increased risk of infection due to the larger size of mesh used in the laparoscopic repair but also due to the patient not volunteering the information because of the minimally invasive nature of the procedure.
Assuntos
Difteria/cirurgia , Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Laparoscopia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/cirurgia , Telas Cirúrgicas , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/cirurgia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Difteria/etiologia , Emergências , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos , Herniorrafia/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Pseudomonas/etiologia , Recidiva , ReoperaçãoAssuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Difteria , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas , Pediatria , Corynebacterium diphtheriae , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Difteria/diagnóstico , Difteria/epidemiologia , Difteria/etiologia , Difteria/história , Difteria/patologia , Difteria/terapia , ImunoterapiaRESUMO
A difteria, embora seja uma das doenças melhor estudadas atualmente, ainda ameaça a populaçao brasileira. A imunizaçao deficiente e a falta de informaçao das equipes médicas em relaçao à sua incidência dificultam o diagnóstico e o tratamento. Os autores discutem a situaçao epidemiológica brasileira e os novos métodos diagnósticos, preciosos e de baixo custo, realizados pelos laboratórios centrais de Saúde Pública.
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adulto , Difteria , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Corynebacterium diphtheriae/patogenicidade , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche/uso terapêutico , Difteria/diagnóstico , Difteria/epidemiologia , Difteria/etiologia , Difteria/terapia , Eritromicina/uso terapêutico , Soros Imunes , Incidência , Penicilinas/uso terapêutico , PrognósticoRESUMO
A case of toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans infection is presented. The diagnosis was delayed and no anti-toxin administered. A nasopharyngeal biopsy was complicated by severe haemorrhage necessitating a post nasal pack. A brief review of the pathology and treatment of Corynebacterium ulcerans is given.
Assuntos
Infecções por Corynebacterium/complicações , Corynebacterium/classificação , Difteria/etiologia , Doenças Nasofaríngeas/etiologia , Adulto , Corynebacterium/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Corynebacterium/diagnóstico , Difteria/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Nasofaríngeas/terapiaRESUMO
Studies on the pathogenesis of "Whooping Cough" and cholera have resulted in the discovery of important pathways in the regulation of cellular metabolism leading to the realization of a complex family of proteins that appear to play central roles in the regulation of hormonal responses and which utilize guanine nucleotides in their mechanism of action. The fact that these bacterial toxins interfere so precisely with the complex regulation of eukaryotic cellular metabolism and the discovery of analogous enzymes within the cytosol of eukaryotic cells suggests that ADP-ribosylation may be an important pathway through which the cell can establish its responsiveness to its environment. Clearly, future work directed towards the role of ADP-ribosylation and towards the mechanisms of the regulation of these endogenous ADP-ribosyltransferases and lyases may provide great insights into the mechanisms of hormone action.
Assuntos
Adenosina Difosfato Ribose/metabolismo , Toxinas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Açúcares de Nucleosídeo Difosfato/metabolismo , Animais , Toxinas Bacterianas/efeitos adversos , Cólera/etiologia , Toxina da Cólera/efeitos adversos , Toxina da Cólera/metabolismo , Difteria/etiologia , Toxina Diftérica/efeitos adversos , Toxina Diftérica/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Hormônios/metabolismo , Humanos , Nucleotidiltransferases/metabolismo , Toxina Pertussis , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases , Receptores de Superfície Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Virulência de Bordetella/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Virulência de Bordetella/metabolismo , Coqueluche/etiologiaRESUMO
In a random sample of 30,444 larynges from slaughtered beef cattle, 441 (1.4%) had chronic diphtheria and 1,345 (4.4%) had papillomatosis. Both types of lesions were centered in mucous membranes over the vocal processes and medial angles of the arytenoid cartilages. Since they are found in the same anatomical locations as laryngeal contact ulcers, we hypothesize that ulcers are primary and diphtheria and papillomatosis are secondary.