RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are widely used as primate experimental models in biomedical research. Duodenal dilation with chronic vomiting in captive common marmosets is a recently described life-threatening syndrome that is problematic for health control. However, the pathogenesis and cause of death are not fully understood. CASE PRESENTATION: We report two novel necropsy cases in which captive common marmosets were histopathologically diagnosed with gastric emphysema (GE) and pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). Marmoset duodenal dilation syndrome was confirmed in each case by clinical observation of chronic vomiting and by gross necropsy findings showing a dilated, gas-filled and fluid-filled descending duodenum that adhered to the ascending colon. A diagnosis of GE and PI was made on the basis of the bubble-like morphology of the gastric and intestinal mucosa, with histological examination revealing numerous vacuoles diffused throughout the lamina propria mucosae and submucosa. Immunostaining for prospero homeobox 1 and CD31 distinguished gas cysts from blood and lymph vessels. The presence of hepatic portal venous gas in case 1 and possible secondary bacteremia-related septic shock in case 2 were suggested to be acute life-threatening abdominal processes resulting from gastric emphysema and pneumatosis intestinalis. CONCLUSIONS: In both cases, the gross and histopathological findings of gas cysts in the GI tract walls matched the features of human GE and PI. These findings contribute to clarifying the cause of death in captive marmosets that have died of gastrointestinal diseases.
Assuntos
Callithrix , Enfisema , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal , Animais , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal/veterinária , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal/patologia , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal/complicações , Enfisema/veterinária , Enfisema/patologia , Masculino , Doenças dos Macacos/patologia , Gastropatias/veterinária , Gastropatias/patologia , Feminino , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Duodenopatias/patologia , Duodenopatias/complicaçõesRESUMO
Choledochal cysts, congenital segmental dilations of the common bile duct, have been reported in few cats, and histologic characterization is lacking. A 20-mo-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented because of vomiting and weight loss. There was progressive elevation of liver enzyme activity (ALT > ALP, GGT) and hyperbilirubinemia. Diagnostic imaging identified focal cystic dilation of the common bile duct, dilation and tortuosity of adjacent hepatic ducts, and a prominent duodenal papilla. A choledochal cyst was suspected, and the animal was euthanized. On postmortem examination, there was a 2-cm, firm, thickened, cystic dilation of the common bile duct, patent with adjacent ducts. Histologically, the cyst wall was expanded by fibroblasts, collagen, and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. Adjacent bile ducts were markedly dilated and tortuous, with lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and papillary mucosal hyperplasia that extended to the major duodenal papilla. There was chronic neutrophilic cholangitis, suggesting bacterial infection and/or disturbed bile drainage, extrahepatic obstruction, and lymphoplasmacytic pancreatitis with ductular metaplasia. Prominent lymphoid follicles within biliary ducts and duodenum suggested chronic antigenic stimulation. Choledochal cysts can be associated with chronic neutrophilic cholangitis, extrahepatic obstruction, choledochitis, duodenal papillitis, and pancreatitis, and should be a differential for increased hepatic enzymes and hyperbilirubinemia in young cats.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Colangite/veterinária , Cisto do Colédoco/veterinária , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Pancreatite/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Gato/patologia , Gatos , Colangite/diagnóstico , Colangite/etiologia , Cisto do Colédoco/complicações , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/etiologia , Feminino , Pancreatite/diagnóstico , Pancreatite/etiologiaRESUMO
An 11 yr old female neutered domestic shorthair presented for an 8 mo history of an asymptomatic abdominal mass. Computed tomography described an irregular, cystic structure closely associated with the duodenum, and focal ultrasonography confirmed the mass shared outer layers with the intestinal wall. Coeliotomy revealed the mass was originating from, and firmly adhered to, the antimesenteric border of the duodenum but was not communicating with the intestinal lumen. En bloc mass resection with omentalization was performed without small intestinal resection. Histopathology confirmed an enteric duplication cyst. The cat made a full recovery and remained asymptomatic postoperatively with no evidence of recurrence. A review of the literature confirms the duodenum to be the most common location of enteric duplication cysts in felines and that subtotal excision is curative in most cases. This differential should be considered in cases of cystic gastrointestinal structures in juvenile and adult felines, with or without associated clinical signs. In cases of luminal involvement or malignant transformation, intestinal resection and anastomosis is more appropriate. This report describes the presentation, investigations, and treatment of an asymptomatic duodenal duplication cyst in an adult feline and summarizes and compares current knowledge of the condition between veterinary and human literature.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Cistos/veterinária , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Gato/cirurgia , Gatos , Cistos/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Feminino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterináriaRESUMO
Benign duodenal tumours have very rarely been reported in captive non-human primates and are also rare in human beings. Brunner's gland hyperplasia has not been fully described in a non-human primate. Here, we report Brunner's gland hyperplasia in a geriatric chimpanzee, which was an incidental finding during post-mortem examination.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/diagnóstico , Glândulas Duodenais/patologia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Pan troglodytes , Animais , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/patologia , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/patologia , Feminino , Hiperplasia/diagnóstico , Hiperplasia/patologia , Hiperplasia/veterináriaRESUMO
Endoscopy represents a commonly employed technique for canine enteropathies. Different trials in human intestinal endoscopy have suggested that the introduction of water for luminal distension, in place of air, improves the visualization of the mucosal texture and decreases pain. The aim of the study was to compare water immersion (WI) vs. air insufflation (AI) during duodenoscopy in anesthetized dogs in terms of mucosal visualization and nociception. Twenty-five dogs undergoing duodenoscopy were included. The same image of the descending duodenum was recorded applying WI and AI. Each pair of images was analyzed using morphological skeletonization, an image entropy evaluation, and a subjective blind evaluation by three experienced endoscopists. To evaluate differences in nociception related to the procedure applied, heart rate and arterial blood pressure were measured before, during and after WI/AI. To compare the two methods, a t-test for paired data was applied for the image analysis, Fleiss' Kappa evaluation for the subjective evaluation and a Friedman test for anesthetic parameters. No differences were found between WI and AI using morphological skeletonization and entropy. The subjective evaluation identified the WI images as qualitatively better than the AI images, indicating substantial agreement between the operators. No differences in nociception were found. The results of the study pointed out the absence of changes in pain response between WI and AI, likely due to the sufficient control of nociception by the anesthesia. Based on subjective evaluation, but not confirmed by the image analysis, WI provided better image quality than AI.
Assuntos
Ar , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/veterinária , Insuflação/veterinária , Água , Animais , Cães , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
A 10-month-old German Shepherd Dog presented for evaluation of intermittent vomiting. Abdominal radiographs revealed a marked right cranial mass effect. Initial differentials included abscess/cyst or less likely neoplasia from undetermined origin. On abdominal ultrasound the mass appeared cystic and thin walled. Computed tomography revealed a large cystic lesion originating from the pyloroduodenal junction causing pyloric outflow obstruction. A noncommunicating duodenal duplication cyst was found on exploratory laparotomy and further confirmed with histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Enteric duplication cyst should be considered as a differential in young dogs with gastrointestinal signs and a cystic abdominal mass detected with different imaging modalities.
Assuntos
Cistos/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Imagem Multimodal/veterinária , Animais , Cistos/congênito , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Doenças do Cão/congênito , Cães , Duodenopatias/congênito , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Radiografia Abdominal/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterináriaRESUMO
A 7-month-old, 2.8 kg, intact female Siamese cat was evaluated for repetitive and intermittent episodes of vomiting and anorexia. Abdominal palpation revealed a round, firm, nonpainful mass in the right cranial abdomen. Ultrasonography findings were consistent with a cystic structure adjacent to the descending duodenum. The structure exhibited a "muscular rim sign." A duodenal duplication cyst was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Computed tomography ruled out concurrent vertebral anomalies and clarified anatomic relationships for surgical planning. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of an ultrasound "muscular rim sign" in a duodenal duplication cyst in a cat.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos/veterinária , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Animais , Gatos , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Radiografia/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterináriaRESUMO
A one-year-old female cocker spaniel presented with a 6-month history of persistent diarrhoea. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed mild diffuse thickening of the intestinal wall coupled with mesenteric lymphadenopathy. A connection between the duodenum and the colon was observed during an endoscopic procedure and confirmed by computed tomography. Surgical resection of the communication allowed remission of the diarrhoea. Histology showed a normal duodenal epithelium and muscular layer. A duodenocolic fistula is an abnormal connection within the digestive tract, which in humans is usually considered a complication of a local pathological condition. Due to the absence of a predisposing cause and, in view of the dog's age and histological results, a congenital origin was suspected.
Assuntos
Doenças do Colo/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/congênito , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Fístula Intestinal/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Colo/congênito , Doenças do Colo/cirurgia , Diarreia/diagnóstico por imagem , Diarreia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/cirurgia , Cães , Duodenopatias/congênito , Duodenopatias/cirurgia , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/veterinária , Feminino , Fístula Intestinal/congênito , Fístula Intestinal/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterináriaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists in the literature regarding whether a specific mount is preferable to use for processing endoscopically obtained gastrointestinal biopsy specimens. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To compare 3 methods of handling endoscopically obtained gastrointestinal biopsy specimens from collection to laboratory processing and to determine if any technique produced superior results. ANIMALS: Twenty-three dogs and cats presented for gastrointestinal signs. METHODS: Prospective study of dogs and cats presented with gastrointestinal signs to a veterinary teaching referral hospital which underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the stomach and duodenum and submitted to the laboratory using 3 techniques: mounted on a cucumber slice, mounted on a moisturized synthetic foam sponge, and floating free in formalin. The techniques were compared with regard to the specimens' width, orientation, presence of artifacts, and pathologist's confidence in diagnosis. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were included, with a total of 528 biopsies collected. Specimens on cucumber slice and on sponge were significantly wider (P < .001 and P = .001, respectively) compared to those floating free in formalin (mean width of 3.81 versus 3.31 and 2.52 mm, respectively). However, specimens on synthetic sponge had significantly fewer artifacts compared to those on cucumber slice (P = .05) and those floating free in formalin (P = .02). Confidence in the diagnosis also was superior with the sponge technique over floating free specimens (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The use of mounted gastrointestinal biopsy specimens was superior over the use of specimens floating free in formalin. This technique improved the quality of the specimens and the pathologist's confidence in their histopathologic interpretation.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/patologia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Duodeno/patologia , Manejo de Espécimes/veterinária , Estômago/patologia , Animais , Biópsia/veterinária , Gatos , Cães , Duodenopatias/patologia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Estudos Prospectivos , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , Gastropatias/patologia , Gastropatias/veterináriaRESUMO
A 5 yr old, male, neutered mixed-breed dog was referred for persistent vomiting 2 wk following a pyloric biopsy for a pyloric outflow obstruction. Histopathology at the time of initial surgery was suggestive of pythiosis. Following referral, the dog underwent radical surgical treatment with a Billroth II procedure, partial pancreatectomy, and cholecystoduodenostomy. Histopathology and serology confirmed the diagnosis of pythiosis and medical treatment consisting of itraconazole and terbinafine was started postoperatively. Serology titers were checked again at 8, 12, and 24 wk postoperatively revealing a positive response to treatment and no reoccurrence of pythiosis. Since surgery, the patient experienced waxing and waning elevations of liver values and laparoscopic liver biopsies 10 mo postoperatively revealed hepatic cirrhosis with fibrosis, bile duct hyperplasia, and chronic inflammation. This report documents successful treatment of pyloric/duodenal pythiosis and the long-term (17 mo) consequences associated with the Billroth II, partial pancreatectomy, and biliary rerouting in the dog.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/terapia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Pitiose/terapia , Gastropatias/veterinária , Animais , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Suplementos Nutricionais , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Duodenopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Duodenopatias/patologia , Duodenopatias/cirurgia , Fármacos Gastrointestinais/uso terapêutico , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Naftalenos/uso terapêutico , Pancrelipase/uso terapêutico , Piloro/patologia , Gastropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Gastropatias/patologia , Gastropatias/cirurgia , TerbinafinaRESUMO
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for cats and dogs with signs of gastrointestinal disease. This retrospective study examined the case records of six cats and one dog diagnosed with perforation secondary to gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastrointestinal perforation occurred in 1.6% of cats and 0.1% of dogs that underwent endoscopy during the 17 yr study period (from 1993 to 2010). It can be difficult to predict what animals are at risk for gastrointestinal perforation but possible risk factors suggested by this study include small intestinal infiltrative disease in cats and preexisting gastrointestinal ulceration in both cats and dogs. Overall, gastrointestinal endoscopy is associated with a low rate of gastrointestinal perforation.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/etiologia , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Gastroscopia/veterinária , Perfuração Intestinal/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Gatos , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Cães , Duodenopatias/etiologia , Feminino , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Gastroenteropatias/veterinária , Gastroscopia/efeitos adversos , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Masculino , Peritonite/etiologia , Peritonite/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Medicina Veterinária/normasRESUMO
A 12-year-old spayed female Yorkshire Terrier with intermittent vomiting was diagnosed with regional granulomatous enteritis through histopathological examination. On ultrasonography and computed tomography, a focal thickened duodenal wall showed a mass-like appearance with indistinct wall layers. Marked uptake of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose was observed from the mass on positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Regional granulomatous enteritis is a rare form of inflammatory bowel disease and may have imaging features similar to intestinal tumors. This is the first study describing the diagnostic imaging features of ultrasonography, computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography for regional granulomatous enteritis in a dog.
Assuntos
Duodenopatias/veterinária , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Granuloma/veterinária , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Duodenopatias/patologia , Feminino , Granuloma/diagnóstico , Granuloma/diagnóstico por imagem , Granuloma/patologia , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
A 21-day-old Thoroughbred colt was euthanized following a history of recurrent colic. A 4.5 cm in diameter, occlusive, submucosal cyst was identified in the duodenum at necropsy. Histologically, the cyst was surrounded by a smooth muscle wall and was lined by both squamous and attenuated cuboidal to columnar epithelium. A diagnosis of an esophageal cyst was made based on the gross and histologic findings.
Assuntos
Duodenopatias/veterinária , Duodeno/patologia , Cisto Esofágico/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/congênito , Animais , Duodenopatias/congênito , Cisto Esofágico/congênito , Cisto Esofágico/patologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologia , Cavalos , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To describe surgical treatment of herniation of the gravid uterus through the mesoduodenum, displacement of the descending duodenum around the gravid uterus, and concurrent herniation of the small and large intestines into the omental bursa in a cow. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical report. ANIMAL: Three-year-old, five-month-pregnant Swiss Braunvieh cow. METHODS: Repositioning of the displaced uterus and descending duodenum without transection and anastomosis of the duodenum was performed through a right flank laparotomy. Concurrent displacement of a large portion of the small and large intestines into the omental bursa was not associated with intestinal strangulation and was corrected manually. The defects in the omentum and mesoduodenum were sutured. RESULTS: There were no postoperative complications, and the cow was healthy at discharge from the clinic 1 week after surgery. Telephone follow-up revealed that the cow had delivered a live calf and was producing a normal amount of milk. The cow was slaughtered 14 months after the surgery because of an udder problem. CONCLUSIONS: Herniation of the gravid uterus through a tear in the mesoduodenum with subsequent displacement of the descending duodenum around the uterus combined with internal omental herniation caused nonspecific clinical signs and no ileus. Exploratory laparotomy in an early stage of pregnancy facilitated reduction of the displaced uterus without transection of the descending duodenum.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/cirurgia , Omento/cirurgia , Doenças Peritoneais/veterinária , Doenças Uterinas/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Duodenopatias/cirurgia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Duodeno/cirurgia , Feminino , Hérnia , Doenças Peritoneais/cirurgia , Gravidez , Doenças Uterinas/cirurgia , Útero/cirurgiaRESUMO
A 32-month-old male common marmoset had a firm and white-colored mass in the duodenal wall. The cut surface was smooth and grayish white in color. Histologically, the mass consisted of a proliferation of spindle cells with an oval to spindle-shaped nucleus and scant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a loose myxoid or fibrotic background. Most of the lesion displayed no specific growth pattern whereas some of the cells concentrated around the vessels and created an onion-bulb structure. Additionally, marked inflammatory cellular infiltration, mainly eosinophils, was observed throughout the lesion. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were positive for vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, fascin, and cyclin D1, and negative for S-100, factor VIII-related antigen, and c-kit. These histological and immunohistochemical features did not meet any differential diagnoses such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma, smooth muscle tumor, schwannoma, and hemangiosarcoma. Collectively, the authors diagnosed the mass as a lesion that corresponded to an inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) in humans. IFP is defined as a mesenchymal proliferation composed of spindle stromal cells, small blood vessels, and inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils, and is currently classified as a nonneoplastic lesion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of spontaneous IFP in nonhuman primates.
Assuntos
Callithrix , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Pólipos Intestinais/veterinária , Doenças dos Macacos/diagnóstico , Actinas/metabolismo , Animais , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/metabolismo , Duodenopatias/patologia , Duodeno/citologia , Duodeno/metabolismo , Duodeno/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pólipos Intestinais/diagnóstico , Pólipos Intestinais/metabolismo , Pólipos Intestinais/patologia , Masculino , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Doenças dos Macacos/metabolismo , Doenças dos Macacos/patologia , Vimentina/metabolismoRESUMO
A 3 yr old spayed female boxer weighing 22.8 kg was presented for severe, acute vomiting and tenesmus. Tachycardia, tachypnea, dehydration, and abdominal pain were present on physical examination. Abdominal radiographs showed a foreign object (golf ball) in the fundus of the stomach, and a larger, round, soft-tissue opacity mass in the region of the pylorus. Endoscopic removal of the foreign object was unsuccessful. A large soft-tissue mass (duodenogastric intussusception) was visualized with endoscopy, but was not correctly diagnosed until surgery. A midline exploratory celiotomy was performed and the duodenogastric intussusception was diagnosed and manually reduced. Severe pyloric wall edema and minimal bruising were present. A routine fundic gastrotomy was performed and the foreign object was removed. A right-sided incisional gastropexy and duodenopexy were performed in attempt to prevent recurrence of the intussusception. The dog was discharged from the hospital 38 hrs after surgery, and was normal on follow-up 1 yr after surgery. The dog in this report is the sixth documented case of duodenogastric/pylorogastric intussusception in the veterinary literature. This is the first reported case with a concurrent gastric foreign body and endoscopic visualization of the intussusception.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Corpos Estranhos/veterinária , Intussuscepção/veterinária , Gastropatias/veterinária , Animais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Doenças do Cão/cirurgia , Cães , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/cirurgia , Feminino , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico , Corpos Estranhos/cirurgia , Intussuscepção/diagnóstico , Intussuscepção/cirurgia , Gastropatias/diagnóstico , Gastropatias/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of intestinal lymphangiectasia (IL) has been associated with characteristic duodenal mucosal changes. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the endoscopic duodenal mucosal appearance for the diagnosis of IL are not reported. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the utility of endoscopic images of the duodenum for diagnosis of IL. Endoscopic appearance of the duodenal mucosal might predict histopathologic diagnosis of IL with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. ANIMALS: 51 dogs that underwent upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and endoscopic biopsies. METHODS: Retrospective review of images acquired during endoscopy. Dogs were included if adequate biopsies were obtained during upper GI endoscopy and digital images were saved during the procedure. Images were assessed for the presence and severity of IL. Using histopathology as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of endoscopy for diagnosing IL were calculated. RESULTS: Intestinal lymphangiectasia (IL) was diagnosed in 25/51 dogs. Gross endoscopic appearance of the duodenal mucosa had a sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) of 68% (46%, 84%) and 42% (24%, 63%), respectively for diagnosis of IL. Endoscopic images in cases with lymphopenia, hypocholesterolemia, and hypoalbuminemia had a sensitivity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Endoscopic duodenal mucosa appearance alone lacks specificity and has only a moderate sensitivity for diagnosis of IL. Evaluation of biomarkers associated with PLE improved the sensitivity; however, poor specificity for diagnosis of IL supports the need for histopathologic confirmation.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/patologia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/veterinária , Linfangiectasia Intestinal/veterinária , Animais , Biópsia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Cães , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/patologia , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/normas , Feminino , Linfangiectasia Intestinal/diagnóstico , Linfangiectasia Intestinal/patologia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
UNLABELLED: CLINICAL SUMMARY: A 7-month-old female Persian cat presented with gastrointestinal (GI) necrosis and perforation caused by Rhizomucor species. Unfortunately, the cat died of bacterial peritonitis and sepsis before a definitive diagnosis, based on histopathology and fungal culture, was achieved. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: This appears to be the first reported case of GI disease caused by Rhizomucor species in a cat. Mucorales infections typically cause acute and rapidly progressive disease. As illustrated by this case, clinicians should be alert to the potentially fatal consequences of an opportunistic Rhizomucor species infection in their feline patients.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/microbiologia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Perfuração Intestinal/veterinária , Mucormicose/veterinária , Rhizomucor/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Gatos , Duodenopatias/microbiologia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Perfuração Intestinal/microbiologia , Mucormicose/complicações , Infecções Oportunistas/veterináriaRESUMO
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory disease of the stomach, the small intestine and/or the large intestine. Loss of integrity of the intestinal barrier may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of IBD. In dogs, lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (LPE) is one of the recognized forms of IBD. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a membrane-bound efflux pump constituting an important component of the intestinal barrier. Changes in P-gp expression at the level of the intestinal barrier may be important in the pathogenesis of canine LPE, as this may lead to variable protection against xenobiotics and bacterial products in the intestine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of epithelial P-gp in the intestine in dogs with LPE compared with disease-free animals. Formalin-fixed intestinal biopsy samples from 57 dogs with histopathological evidence of LPE were immunolabelled with anti-P-gp antibodies (C494 and C219). Endoscopic biopsy samples of the duodenum and colon from 16 healthy beagles were used as controls. None of the control dogs had P-gp expression in the apical membrane of duodenal enterocytes, but all had P-gp labelling at the colonic epithelial surface. Twenty out of 57 dogs with LPE had P-gp expression at the apical surface membrane of villus epithelial cells in the duodenum, jejunum and/or ileum. Six out of 16 colonic samples from dogs with LPE had decreased P-gp expression at the epithelial surface compared with controls. It is unclear whether these changes in P-gp expression in dogs with LPE are a cause or a consequence of the inflammation. The observed changes could affect bioavailability of therapeutic drugs used in LPE.
Assuntos
Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/biossíntese , Doenças do Cão/metabolismo , Enterite/veterinária , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Animais , Biópsia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Duodenopatias/metabolismo , Duodenopatias/patologia , Duodenopatias/veterinária , Enterite/metabolismo , Enterite/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/metabolismo , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/patologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/veterinária , Mucosa Intestinal/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this report was to describe duodenal obstruction caused by a rubber foreign body in a cow. CASE PRESENTATION: The clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic findings in a five-year-old Swiss Braunvieh cow with duodenal ileus caused by a calf feeding nipple are described. The main clinical signs were anorexia, ruminal tympany, decreased faecal output and abomasal reflux syndrome. Ultrasonographic examination revealed reticular hyperactivity and a dilated duodenum. A diagnosis of duodenal ileus was made and the cow underwent right-flank laparotomy, which revealed a dilation of the cranial part of the duodenum because of obstruction by a pliable foreign body. This was identified via enterotomy as a calf feeding nipple. The cow was healthy at the time of discharge four days after surgery and went on to complete a successful lactation. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first description of duodenal obstruction by a calf feeding nipple. This is an interesting case, which broadens the spectrum of the causes of duodenal ileus, which is usually caused by obstruction of the duodenum by a phytobezoar.