Evaluación de riesgos psicosociales y su influencia en el desarrollo de burnout en el personal de emergencias del Hospital General Docente Calderón / Evaluation of psychosocial risks and their influence on the development of burnout in emergency personnel of the Hospital General Docente Calderón

Introducción: Los riesgos psicosociales son factores que pueden afectar el bienestar psi-cológico y emocional de una persona en el entorno laboral, como el estrés laboral, la falta de apoyo social y la falta de autonomía en el trabajo. Estos riesgos pueden tener una gran influencia en el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout, una afección psicológica que se carac-teriza por agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y disminución del rendimiento laboral. Objetivo: Identificar los factores psicosociales de riesgo que puedan afectar de manera considerable al desarrollo del síndrome de burnout, planteando medidas preventivas que ayudaran a aplacar los riesgos evidenciados.Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo - transversal, con diseño no experimental, se uti-lizó 2 instrumentos: 1) Factores Psicosociales (FPSICO3.0), el cual está compuesto por 44 preguntas con su subdivisión de 89 sub preguntas, mide 9 factores de riesgo psicosocial (intra laborales); 2) Factores de riesgo Psicosociales (MBI-HSS) contiene 22 preguntas, mide 3 factores para burnout: baja realización personal del trabajo, agotamiento emocional y des-personalización. Resultados: Según la correlación de Spearman (Rho) manejado con margen de error del 0.05, los factores de riesgo psicosocial (intra laborales) tiempo de trabajo, demanda psicológica, participación/supervisión; interés por el trabajador y compensación; son directamente propor-cionales al nivel de burnout. Los resultados muestran que el 7% de personal presenta burnout y el 51% indicios del mismo, a mayor edad hay mayor prevalencia de burnout y el puesto de trabajo con mayor vulnerabilidad es el de médico general en funciones hospitalarias. Discusión: Los instrumentos (MBI-HSS y Fpsico 3.0) utilizados en la presenteb investiga-ción, fueron desarrollados para la población hospitalaria dentro de condiciones laborales, mismos que también han sido utilizados por varias investigaciones previas en el Ecuador y en diferentes países, por lo que el análisis de los estudios previos similares reflejan sobre los factores psicosociales que más inciden en el personal sanitario de las áreas de emergencias tanto ecuatorianas como extranjeras y son similares a los resultados del presente estudio, enfatizando además que el factor carga de trabajo en todas las investigación comparativas, a pesar de ser un factor de riesgo alto, no incide en la nuestra, al ser susceptible de buen manejo y adaptación ante la demanda de pacientes.

Introduction: Psychosocial risks can affect the psychological and emotional well-being of a person in the work environment, aspects such as work stress, lack of social support and autonomy at work. These risks may cause the appearance of Burnout syndrome, a psycho-logical condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and work perfor-mance decrease. Objective:Identify the psychosocial risk factors that can significantly lead to the development of Burnout syndrome; propose preventive measures that will help mitigate the risks evidenced.Materials and Methods:Descriptive - cross-sectional study, with a non-experimental de-sign, 2 instruments were used: 1) Psychosocial Factors (FPSICO3.0), which is made up of 44 questions with their subdivision of 89 sub-questions, measures 9 psychosocial risk factors (in-tra-work); 2) Psychosocial Risk Factors (MBI-HSS) contains 22 questions, measures 3 factors for burnout: low personal performance at work, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Outcome: According to Spearman's correlation (Rho) managed with a margin of error of 0.05, psychosocial risk factors (intra-work) work time, psychological demand, participation/supervision; worker interest and compensation; are directly proportional to the level of bur-nout. The results show that 7% of the staff have burnout and 51% have signs of it. The older, the higher the prevalence of burnout; The profession with the greatest vulnerability to Bur-nout syndrome are doctors and nurses working in hospitals.Discussion: The instruments (MBI-HSS and Fpsico 3.0) used in the present research were developed for the hospital employees within working conditions, which have also been used by previous researches in Ecuador as well as in different countries, so the similar previous studies reflect on the psychosocial factors that most affect health workers in both Ecuadorian and foreign emergency areas and are similar to the results of the present study, which empha-sizes the workload factor in all comparative research, despite being a high risk factor, it does not affect ours, as it is susceptible to good management and adaptation to patient demand.

Identifying and preventing burnout in young oncologists, an overwhelming challenge in the COVID-19 era: a study of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM).

BACKGROUND: Young oncologists are at particular risk of professional burnout, and this could have a significant impact on their health and care of their patients. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced rapid changes in professionals' jobs and training, with the consequent physical and psychological effects. We aimed to characterize burnout levels and determinants in young oncologists, and the effects of the pandemic on their training and health. METHODS: Two online surveys were conducted among oncology residents and young oncology specialists in Spain. The first addressed professional burnout and its determinants before the COVID-19 pandemic, while the second analyzed the impact of the pandemic on health care organization, training, and physical and psychological health in the same population. RESULTS: In total, 243 respondents completed the first survey, and 263 the second; 25.1% reported significant levels of professional burnout. Burnout was more common among medical oncology residents (28.2%), mainly in their second year of training. It was significantly associated with a poor work-life balance, inadequate vacation time, and the burnout score. Nearly three-quarters of respondents (72%) were reassigned to COVID-19 care and 84.3% of residents missed part of their training rotations. Overall, 17.2% of this population reported that they had contracted COVID-19, 37.3% had scores indicating anxiety, and 30.4% moderate to severe depression. Almost a quarter of young oncologists (23.3%) had doubts about their medical vocation. CONCLUSIONS: Burnout affects a considerable number of young oncologists. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on causes of burnout, making it even more necessary to periodically monitor it to define appropriate detection and prevention strategies.

Creating a Blueprint of Well-Being in Oncology: An Approach for Addressing Burnout From ASCO's Clinician Well-Being Taskforce.

Optimizing the well-being of the oncology clinician has never been more important. Well-being is a critical priority for the cancer organization because burnout adversely impacts the quality of care, patient satisfaction, the workforce, and overall practice success. To date, 45% of U.S. ASCO member medical oncologists report experiencing burnout symptoms of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. As the COVID-19 pandemic remains widespread with periods of outbreaks, recovery, and response with substantial personal and professional consequences for the clinician, it is imperative that the oncologist, team, and organization gain direct access to resources addressing burnout. In response, the Clinician Well-Being Task Force was created to improve the quality, safety, and value of cancer care by enhancing oncology clinician well-being and practice sustainability. Well-being is an integrative concept that characterizes quality of life and encompasses an individual's work- and personal health-related environmental, organizational, and psychosocial factors. These resources can be useful for the cancer organization to develop a well-being blueprint: a detailed start plan with recognized strategies and interventions targeting all oncology stakeholders to support a culture of community in oncology.

Factores de riesgo y prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout) en médicos especialistas, Guadalajara, México. 2019 / Risk factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome in medical specialists. Guadalajara, México. 2019

Objetivo: Determinar prevalencia y factores asociados al riesgo del síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout) en médicos especialistas. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, participaron 182 médicos especialistas. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales con SPSS 15.0 y Epi-infoV6.1. Resultados: Respuesta del 81,3%. Se detectó burnout en 49,5%. Diferencias significativas: edad menor de 40 años; Menos de 15 años con pareja estable; Que trabajara la pareja; Antigüedad profesional menor a 10 años. Se mostró una correlación negativa entre agotamiento emocional y despersonalización; positiva con la falta de realización personal en el trabajo en presencia del síndrome. Conclusión: el burnout es frecuente (49,5%), perfil de riesgo: ser mujer; <40 años de edad; sin pareja estable y <15 años con ella; que trabaja la pareja; sin hijos; especialidad quirúrgica; <10 años de antigüedad profesional y en el puesto actual de trabajo; laborar en jornada acumulada; con tipo de contratación definitiva, no tener otro trabajo; jornada mayor a 4 horas. Las subescalas en promedio están cerca de la normalidad. Agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, se comportan como el síndrome. Correlación negativa entre agotamiento emocional y despersonalización y positiva con la falta de realización personal con burnout(AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with burnout syndrome in medical specialists. Material and methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted among 182 participating medical specialists. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS 15.0 and EpiinfoV6.1. Results: We obtained a 81.3% response. Burnout was detected in 49.5% of respondents. Significant findings: respondents under 40 years of age; less than 15 years with a stable partner; had a working spouse; length of professional employment less than 10 years. We found a negative correlation between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization was evident, on the other hand, a positive correlation was evident between the lack of personal fulfillment at work and the presence of burnout. Conclusion: Burnout is frequent (49.5%).Risk factors include being a woman; being less than40 years old; having no stable partner and being together for less than15 years; that the couple works; childless; surgical specialty; less than 10 years of professional seniority and in the current job position; has a cumulative work day; having permanent recruitment, not having another job; and a work day greater than 4 hours. The subscales on average were close to normal. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization mimic burnout. A negative correlation was evident between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. A positive correlation was evident between the lack of personal fulfillment and burnout(AU)

Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en estudiantes de medicina / Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in medical students

Introducción: El síndrome de burnout puede afectar a los estudiantes de manera similar que a los profesionales formales. Además del cansancio emocional, despersonalización y baja realización personal, se añade un cuarto componente en el contexto estudiantil: la emoción negativa frente al aprendizaje. Objetivo: Determinar la presencia del síndrome de burnout en estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), en Ecuador. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, comparativo de 90 estudiantes, durante el semestre comprendido entre octubre de 2017 y marzo de 2018. Se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, estado civil, número de hijos, vivienda compartida, trabajo extraacadémico y las dimensiones de la escala para la clasificación del síndrome de burnout: Agotamiento emocional, Despersonalización y Realización personal, según los criterios del Maslach Burnout Inventory. Conclusiones: El mayor nivel de síndrome de burnout fue el moderado, seguido del severo. Hubo una mayor frecuencia de estudiantes mujeres afectadas y con categoría de burnout moderado. Incluso a un nivel leve ya apareció agotamiento emocional y despersonalización entre los estudiantes. En cambio, la dimensión Realización personal del síndrome apareció en el nivel severo. Los estudiantes que tuvieron trabajo extraacadémico presentaron una prevalencia alta del síndrome de burnout(AU)

Introduction: Burnout syndrome can affect students in a similar way as formal professionals. In addition to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal fulfillment, a fourth component is added in the student context: negative emotion in the face of learning. Objective: To determine the presence of burnout syndrome in students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the Regional Autonomous University of the Andes (UNIANDES), in Ecuador. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative study of 90 students was carried out during the semester between October 2017 and March 2018. The variables age, sex, marital status, number of children, shared housing, extra-academic work and the dimensions of the scale for the classification of burnout syndrome: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment, according to the criteria of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Conclusions: The highest level of burnout syndrome was moderate, followed by severe. There was a higher frequency of affected female students with a moderate burnout category. Even at a slight level, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization have already appeared among the students. Instead, the Personal Realization dimension of the syndrome appeared at the severe level. Students who had extra-academic work had a high prevalence of burnout syndrome(AU)

Síndrome de Burnout e fatores associados em profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família / Burnout syndrome and associated factors among Family Health Strategy professionals / Síndrome de Burnout y factores asociados en profesionales de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia

(AU(Este trabalho objetiva analisar presença de burnout e fatores relacionados em profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento transversal analítico, realizado entre fevereiro e abril de 2019. A amostra contou com 94 profissionais. Foi utilizado formulário com variáveis sociodemográficas, Escala Modo Enfrentamento de Problemas, Escala de Resiliência e Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. Intervalo de confiança de 95% foi calculado para cada variável. Em relação ao perfil de profissionais, a maioria deles eram mulheres, com média de 40,9 anos, 12 anos de trabalho na Atenção Básica e que atuavam no serviço público. A prevalência de burnout foi de 38,3%; sendo 59,6 % para exaustão e 47,9% para distanciamento. Os resultados mostram elevados níveis de burnout, moderada pontuação nos fatores que compõem a resiliência e baixa eficiência no uso de estratégias de combate aos estressores.(AU)

This article aims to analyze the presence of burnout and related factors among Family Health Strategy professionals. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out between February and April 2019, with a sample composed of 94 professionals. A form with sociodemographic variables was used, as well as the Scale of Ways of Coping with Problems (EMEP), the Resilience Scale and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. A 95% confidence interval was calculated to each variable. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Piauí under number 3.169.529. The profile was of professionals, the majority of whom were women, with average age of 40.9 years, 12 years of work in Primary Care, public service. Burnout prevalence was 38.3%; 59.6% for exhaustion and 47.9% for distancing. The results show high levels of burnout, a moderate score in the factors that compose resilience and low efficiency in the use of strategies to combat stressors.(AU)

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la presencia de Burnout y factores relacionados en profesionales de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Estudio de delineamiento transversal analítico, realizado entre febrero y abril de 2019. La muestra contó con 94 profesionales. Se utilizó un formulario con variables sociodemográficas, Escala Mode Enfrentamiento de Problemas, Escala de Resiliencia y Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. Se calculó un intervalo de confianza del 95% para cada variable. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Federal del Estado de Piaui bajo el número 3.169.529. Perfil de profesionales, mayoría de mujeres con promedio de 40,9 años, 12 años de trabajo en la Atención Básica, servicio público. La prevalencia de Burnout fue del 38,3%; siendo el 59,6 % para agotamiento y el 47,9% para distanciamiento. Los resultados muestran elevados niveles de Burnout, puntaje moderado en los factores que componen la resiliencia y baja eficiencia en el uso de estrategias de combate a los factores de estrés.(AU)

Processo de trabalho hospitalar e a Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem / Hospital work process and Burnout Syndrome among nursing professionals / Proceso de trabajo hospitalario y el Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores do processo de trabalho que favorecem o desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem na assistência hospitalar. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE e BDENF, obedecendo as etapas metodológicas propostas por Ganong. Resultados: Foram selecionados 11 artigos científicos para compor esta revisão. Estes refletiram sobre a influência diante do aparecimento da Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem, sendo destacadas em quatro categorias: Fatores que desencadeiam a exaustão emocional; Fatores que desencadeiam a despersonalização; Fatores que desencadeiam a baixa satisfação no trabalho e outros fatores facilitadores da Síndrome de Burnout. Conclusão: Os fatores desencadeadores dessa síndrome podem ser evitados de forma geral, oferecendo ao profissional de enfermagem; suporte psicológico, melhoria das condições de trabalho e o exercício dos seus direitos, de modo a exercer sua função em condições físicas e mentais

Objective: This paper aimed at identifying the work-related factors that favor the development of burnout syndrome among nursing professionals working in the hospital environment. Methods: This is an integrative literature review that was performed by searching publications in the following databases: Literature and Retrieval System on Line (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) [Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences], Nursing Database (BDENF) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). The methodological steps proposed by Ganong were followed. Results: Eleven articles addressing the occurrence of burnout syndrome among nursing professionals were selected to compose the sample. Four distinct categories arose: "Factors that trigger emotional exhaustion"; "Factors that trigger depersonalization"; "Factors that trigger reduced professional accomplishment"; and "Other factors that lead to burnout syndrome". Conclusion: Normally, the factors that trigger this syndrome can be either avoided or mitigated, provided that nursing professionals receive psychological, institutional, and personal support and work in a safe and legal environment so that they can fulfill their duties, exercise their rights, and work maintaining their physical and mental health in good conditions

Objetivo: Identificar los factores del proceso de trabajo que favorecen el desarrollo del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería en la asistencia hospitalaria. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de literatura, realizada en las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE y BDENF, obedeciendo las etapas metodológicas propuestas por Ganong. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 11 artículos científicos para componer esta revisión. Estos reflejaron sobre la influencia ante la aparición del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería, siendo destacadas en cuatro categorías: Factores que desencadenan el agotamiento emocional; Factores que desencadenan la despersonalización; Factores que desencadenan la baja satisfacción en el trabajo y otros factores facilitadores del Síndrome de Burnout. Conclusión: Los factores desencadenantes de este síndrome pueden ser evitados de forma general, ofreciendo al profesional de enfermería; el apoyo psicológico, la mejora de las condiciones de trabajo y el ejercicio de sus derechos, para ejercer su función en condiciones físicas y mentales

Síndrome de Burnout entre trabalhadores de uma universidade na fronteira franco brasileira / Síndrome de Burnout entre trabajadores de una universidad en la frontera franca brasileña / Burnout syndrome among university workers at the brazilian free frontier

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre trabalhadores de uma universidade na fronteira franco brasileira e verificar os fatores associados. Método: estudo transversal e descritivo realizado com 53 trabalhadores de uma universidade localizada na fronteira franco brasileira, através de formulários eletrônicos (google docs). Resultados: predomínio do sexo masculino (56,6%), faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (64,2%), solteiros (47,2%), se declaram pardos (49,1%), especialistas (34%) e sem filhos (75,5%). Destes, 26,4% indivíduos tem a possibilidade de desenvolver a síndrome, 37,8% estão em fase inicial da síndrome, 22,6% a síndrome começa a se instalar e 13,2% estar em uma fase considerável da síndrome, tendo como preditor a variável sexo (p=0,01). Conclusão: nenhum dos entrevistados pontuou na categoria (nenhum indício de Burnout), o que torna preocupante as condições de trabalhos que estão submetidos, sendo imperativo medidas preventivas que retardem ou impossibilitem o adoecimento mental dentre a população investigada

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among university workers at the Brazilian Free Frontier and to verify the associated factors. Method: a cross - sectional and descriptive study carried out with 53 workers from a university located on the Brazilian - Brazilian border, using electronic forms (google docs). Results: male (56.6%), 30 to 39 years old (64.2%), single (47.2%), brown (49.1%), specialists (34%) and without children (75.5%). Of these, 26,4% individuals have the possibility to develop the syndrome, 37,8% are in the initial phase of the syndrome, 22,6% the syndrome begins to settle and 13,2% are in a considerable phase of the syndrome, having as predictor the gender variable (p = 0.01). Conclusion: none of the interviewees scored in the category (no evidence of Burnout), which makes the conditions of work that are submitted worrisome, being imperative preventive measures that delay or prevent mental illness among the population investigated

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout entre trabajadores de una universidad en la frontera franca brasileña y verificar los factores asociados. Método: estudio transversal y descriptivo realizado con 53 trabajadores de una universidad ubicada en la frontera franca brasileña, a través de formularios electrónicos (google docs). Resultados: predominio del sexo masculino (56,6%), grupo de edad de 30 a 39 años (64,2%), solteros (47,2%), se declaran pardos (49,1%), especialistas (34%), y sin hijos (75,5%). De estos, 26,4% individuos tienen la posibilidad de desarrollar la síndrome, 37,8% están en fase inicial del síndrome, 22,6% a síndrome comienza a instalarse y 13,2% estar en una fase considerable de la síndrome, teniendo como predictor la variable sexo (p = 0,01). Conclusión: ninguno de los entrevistados puntuó en la categoría (ningún indicio de Burnout), lo que hace preocupante las condiciones de trabajos que están sometidos, siendo imperativo medidas preventivas que retarden o imposibiliten el enfermo mental entre la población investigada

Necesidad de capacitación al cuidador del adulto mayor / Need for training the caregiver of the elderly

Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional es un reto para las sociedades modernas. La esperanza de vida condiciona un incremento en la población anciana, cada vez es mayor el número de personas que precisan de cuidados. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los cuidadores de adultos mayores del consultorio médico de familia No 9. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en 57 cuidadores informales de ancianos encuestados, pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico No 9 del Policlínico Docente Ramón González Coro entre octubre-diciembre 2017. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que por lo general el cuidador es un miembro de la familia del sexo femenino, con nivel de escolaridad secundaria terminada y edad entre 45-60 años, la cual asume la mayor parte de la responsabilidad de los cuidados del anciano, a tiempo completo, sin ayuda y sin vínculo laboral. Estas tienen pocos conocimientos relacionados con los cuidados del anciano y desconocen la forma de evitar o disminuir el grado de sobrecarga o estrés. Los cuidadores necesitan capacitación mediante seminarios, cursos en las escuelas para cuidadores domiciliares los cuales pueden estar dirigidas a cómo realizar el manejo de los ancianos que dependen de alguna persona; todo lo relacionado a la transición de los conocimientos sobre el autocuidado y el bienestar de ambas partes. Conclusión: Los cuidadores del área de salud en estudio se caracterizan por ser familiares femeninos, de edad madura, con nivel educacional medio a alto, pero con conocimientos insuficientes para la atención del anciano y su autocuidado(AU)

Introduction: Population aging is a challenge for modern societies. Life expectancy conditions an increase in the elderly population, resulting in a greater number of people requiring care. Objective: To characterize the caregivers of older adults in family doctor's office No. 9. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 57 informal caregivers of surveyed elderlies from the Medical Office No. 9, Ramón González Coro Teaching Polyclinic from October to December 2017. Results: The results showed that the caregiver is generally a female member of the family, with a high school level completed and aging between 45-60 years. This person takes most of the responsibility for the full-time care of the elderly, with no help and with no employment relationship. They have little knowledge related to the care of the elderly and do not know how to avoid or reduce the degree of overload or stress. Caregivers need training through seminars, courses at schools for home caregivers, which can be directed at how to manage the elderly who depend on someone; everything related to the transition of knowledge about self-care and the well-being of both parties. Conclusion: The caregivers of the health area under study are characterized by being female family relatives, middle age, high school or higher educational level, but with insufficient knowledge for providing care to the elderly and their self-care(AU)

Burnout syndrome in dentistry, difficulties and search for solutions: a critical review

Burnout syndrome (BOS) is defined as a gradual exhaustion of the individual that appears on people whose occupation requires direct contact with other people and providing them a helpful service. BOS tends to be associated with somatic and behavioral alterations, as well as emotio-nal disorders. Dentists present an important workplace risk, since they are the most prone to suffer from BOS. Likewise, dentistry students present a varied prevalence of stress, generally due to the students' attitudes, which are mostly aimed at perfection and excellence, as well as aca-demic, social and institution-related factors. The aim of this review is to identify factors involved in BOS in dentistry and preventive measures in educational and professional contexts. BOS is characterized by being a persistent negative mental state showing fatigue, exhaustion and disa-ppointment. The main physical reaction generated by academic stress in dentistry students was sleepiness with 10.8%, followed by increase in food consumption with 6.4%, and restlessness and despair with 5.2%. Students might be severely affected according to the adaptive response that they present, which is individual. On the one hand, they might face the challenges in a posi-tive manner, managing to learn from them. On the other hand, the might lose control and not be able to face difficulties, thus being likely to develop pathological states of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and dependency on alcohol or other hallucinogenic substances. Education agents are particularly relevant, since they contribute to the configuration of the students' way of thinking and acting. Therefore, the integration of critical thinking and socioemotional abilities must be promoted and reinforced among the educational community. It is important to realize that the presence of BOS is not due to an individual weakness, but is a symptom that something is wrong with the educational institution.

Prevalencia del Síndrome Burnout en trabajadores que laboran con personas en situación de discapacidad en Puerto Montt, Chile / Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in workers who work with people with disabilities in Puerto Montt, Chile

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia del síndrome Burnout en trabajadores que laboran con personas en situación de discapacidad. La investigación es no experimental de tipo cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 41 trabajadores. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de información fueron el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), adaptado al castellano y el cuestionario CESQT-PD. Los resultados demuestran que el 15% de los trabajadores presentan el síndrome Burnout, con riesgo de presentar Burnout el 73% de los trabajadores y con bajo riesgo 12%. Además, se obtienen dos perfiles, en el perfil 1, se observa que el 41,2 % de la muestra posee síndrome Burnout y en el perfil 2 más culpa, el 20% posee síndrome Burnout. Los resultados indican la necesidad de abordar la problemática para contribuir a abordar el bienestar de los trabajadores(AU)

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome in workers who work with people with disabilities. The research is non-experimental of quantitative type. The sample was composed of 41 workers. The tools used to collect information were the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) cuestionnaire, adapted to Spanish and the CESQT-PD questionnaire. The results show that 15% of workers have Burnout syndrome, with 73% of workers having a risk to present Burnout and 12% with low risk. In addition, two profiles are obtained, in profile 1, it is observed that 41,2 % of the sample possesses Burnout syndrome and in profile 2 more fault, 20% possesses Burnout syndrome. The results indicate the need to address the problem in order to contribute to help address the welfare of workers(AU)

Virtual Reality Single-Port Sleeve Gastrectomy Training Decreases Physical and Mental Workload in Novice Surgeons: An Exploratory Study.

BACKGROUND: Novice surgeons experience high levels of physical and mental workload during the early stages of their curriculum and clinical practice. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is the first bariatric procedure worldwide. Feasibility and safety of single-port sleeve gastrectomy (SPSG) has been demonstrated. An immersive virtual reality (VR) simulation was developed to provide a repetitive exercise to learn this novel technique. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the VR training tool on mental and physical workload in novice surgeons. The secondary objective included an evaluation of the VR simulator. METHODS: A monocentric-controlled trial was conducted. Ten participants were divided into two groups, the VR group and the control group (without VR training). Surgery residents participated in a first real case of SPSG and a second case 1 month later. The VR group underwent a VR training between the two surgeries. Mental and physical loads were assessed with self-assessment questionnaires: NASA-TLX, Borg scale, and manikin discomfort test. The VR simulator was evaluated through presence, cybersickness, and usability questionnaires. RESULTS: This study showed a decrease of the mental demand and effort dimensions of NASA-TLX between the first and the second surgery in the VR group (P < .05). During the second surgery, a marginally significant difference was shown concerning the mental demand between the two groups. Postural discomfort of the VR group decreased with practice (P < .01), mainly between the first and the second surgery (P < .05). Furthermore, participants characterized the VR simulator as realistic, usable, and very useful to learned surgery. CONCLUSION: This exploratory study showed an improvement in mental and physical workload when novice surgeons trained with VR (repetitive practice, gesture improvement, reduction of stress, etc.). Virtual reality appears to be a promising perspective for surgical training.

Does the intervention of mindfulness reduce levels of burnout and compassion fatigue and increase resilience in pre-registration students? A pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: In the current clinical working environment it is important that therapeutic radiography students are fully prepared not just clinically but emotionally for a working professional life. Mindfulness has shown promise, as a self-care strategy, in the improvement of burnout, resilience and compassion fatigue in other professions; however, it has not been used with therapeutic radiography students. METHODS: Eight pre-registration therapeutic radiography students were recruited to undergo a five week mindfulness course; six students from the year below were recruited to act as a control arm (no mindfulness). Data was collected using a series of validated tools at baseline, week five, month three and 12 months after the start of the study: RESULTS: The MBI-SS scale demonstrated 29% of the sample experienced emotional exhaustion and 43% increased cynicism. The other tools showed a positive trend with the intervention; however, these were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Although no statistically significant differences were demonstrated between the study arms, some interesting trends have been noted. The key finding was the identification of burnout experienced by almost a third of the study sample. This suggests that a new area of study is warranted to further investigate the factors contributing to burnout in the student population.

A prospective intervention to improve happiness and reduce burnout in oncologists.

BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data about effective interventions to improve happiness and reduce burnout in oncologists. Benjamin Franklin developed a 13-week program of "necessary activities" or "virtues" (temperance, silence, order, resolution, frugality, industry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity, and humility) to follow, in his attempt at self-improvement. In this pilot study, we explored whether using a modified version of this was associated with any discernable impact on physician happiness, burnout, or compliance with each of the virtues. METHODS: Self-reported happiness (Oxford happiness scores) and burnout (Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory) were completed at baseline (pre-study), week 13, and 1 month after completion of the program. Each day during the 13-week program, oncologists were emailed a list of virtues to focus on and scored how they felt they were complying with them. The oncologist's spouses also assessed how they felt the oncologist was complying with the virtues. RESULTS: Thirteen physicians completed the baseline scores, 11 completed Maslach/Oxford scores at the end of the study, and 8 the 1-month post-study assessment. No significant improvements in happiness and burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment) scores were observed. Statistically significant changes in self-rated virtue scores were observed for temperance (p = 0.046), order (p = 0.049), and resolution (p = 0.014). Additionally, although not reaching statistical significance, 11 of 13 virtues (excepting sincerity and chastity) assessed by spouses indicated a positive change over time. CONCLUSION: In this hypothesis generating study, daily reflection on personal virtues was not associated with any statistically significant change in happiness or burnout scores. Alternative strategies should be considered.

Burnout in anesthesiology / Burnout em anestesiologia

Abstract Background and objectives Burnout is a chronic condition caused by high levels of stress and anesthesiology is a stressful medical specialty with more vulnerability to burnout. The aim of this study is to review the characteristics and impact of burnout in anesthesiology. Contents In this review, the stressors and risk factors, manifestations, assessment, complications, management and prevention of burnout as well as the inconsistent research found in the state-of-art are approached. Conclusions Anesthesiologists are in a high-risk group to develop burnout, with different manifestations and consequences such as suicide or medical errors. Although there is no specific treatment yet, there are a lot of helpful measures to cope this condition. Prevention is considered an important step in order to reduce the prevalence of burnout.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Burnout é uma condição crônica de esgotamento causada por níveis altos de estresse e a anestesiologia é uma especialidade médica estressante com maior vulnerabilidade ao burnout. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar as características e o impacto do burnout em anestesiologia. Conteúdo Nesta revisão, são abordados os estressores e fatores de risco, manifestações, avaliação, complicações, manejo e prevenção do burnout, bem como as pesquisas inconsistentes encontradas no estado da arte. Conclusões Os anestesiologistas estão em um grupo de alto risco para desenvolver burnout, com diferentes manifestações e consequências, como suicídio ou erros médicos. Embora ainda não haja tratamento específico, existem muitas medidas úteis para lidar com essa condição. A prevenção é considerada um passo importante para reduzir a prevalência de burnout.

A telephone outcall program to support caregivers of people diagnosed with cancer: utility, changes in levels of distress, and unmet needs.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of a telephone outcall program for cancer caregivers and to examine longitudinal changes in their distress levels and supportive care needs. METHODS: As part of the PROTECT trial, caregivers assigned to the intervention arm (N = 108) received three telephone outcalls from a Cancer Council 13 11 20 nurse at three time points (7-10 days post-randomization, 1 and 4 months later). During each call, caregivers were screened for distress using the Distress Thermometer (range: 0-10) then six supportive care issues were raised for discussion. Participants completed a utility survey 1 month post-intervention. RESULTS: The outcall program was highly acceptable and perceived as beneficial by caregivers. Overall, 95% reported it was worth their time to take part in the outcall program and 82% stated that the program was very relevant to them. Level of distress and impact of distress decreased over time (p = 0.0031, p < 0.0001, respectively). Average call duration decreased over time (p < 0.0001) and was longer for female than male caregivers (p = 0.0009). The frequency of caregivers discussing issues related to psychological distress (p = 0.0003), health literacy (p < 0.0001), financial (p = 0.0014), and practical concerns (p = 0.0121) decreased over time. Psychological distress was more often discussed by female than male caregivers (p = 0.0153), and family issues more often by younger (< 55 years) than older caregivers (p = 0.0071). CONCLUSIONS: Utility of this outcall program was high. Caregivers' level of distress and unmet needs decreased over time. Gender and age differences emerged, which warrants the need for tailored support. Further research is necessary to identify the best method of improving access to 13 11 20 services for caregivers.

Addressing Student Burnout: What Medical Schools Can Learn From Business Schools.

Although they enter school with enthusiasm for a career in medicine, medical students in the United States subsequently report high levels of burnout and disillusionment. As medical school leaders consider how to address this problem, they can look to business schools as one source of inspiration. In this Invited Commentary, the authors argue-based on their collective experience in both medical and business education-that medical schools can draw three lessons from business schools that can help reinvigorate students. First, medical schools should offer more opportunities and dedicated time for creative work. Engaging with diverse challenges promotes intellectual curiosity and can help students maintain perspective. Second, schools should provide more explicit training in resiliency and the management of stressful situations. Many business programs include formal training in how to cope with conflict and how to make high-stakes decisions, whereas medical students are typically expected to learn those skills on the job. Finally, medical schools should provide better guidance on practical career considerations like income, lifestyle, and financial skills. Whether in medicine or business, students benefit from open discussions about their personal and professional goals. Medical schools must ensure that students have an outlet for those conversations.