Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 73
Filtrar
1.
Birth Defects Res ; 115(12): 1151-1162, 2023 07 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37309307

RESUMO

Oxidative stress and redox imbalance adversely affect embryonic development. We developed two oxidative balance scores (OBS) that include dietary and nondietary exposures. We hypothesized that higher scores (i.e., lower oxidative stress) would be associated with lower risk of neural tube defects, orofacial clefts, conotruncal heart defects, and limb deficiencies. We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study to create a dietary OBS based on intake of 13 nutrients and an overall OBS that included the 13 nutrients and eight additional nondietary factors related to oxidative balance (e.g., smoking). We used logistic regression to examine odds ratios associated with having low or high scores (i.e., <10th or >90th percentiles). Continuous models indicated reduced odds associated with high versus low scores (i.e., comparing odds at the 90th versus 10th percentile values of the distribution) on the overall OBS for cleft lip with or without cleft palate [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63-0.82], longitudinal limb deficiency (aOR 0.73, CI 0.54-0.99), and transverse limb deficiency (aOR 0.74, CI 0.58-0.95); increased odds for anencephaly (aOR 1.40, CI 1.07-1.84); and primarily nonsignificant associations with conotruncal heart defects. Results for the dietary OBS were similar. This study provides some evidence that oxidative stress contributes to congenital anomalies related to neural crest cell development.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial , Fissura Palatina , Cardiopatias Congênitas , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Crista Neural , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cardiopatias Congênitas/etiologia
2.
Nutrients ; 14(12)2022 Jun 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35745180

RESUMO

Quercetin is a flavonoid with a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Since it is a nutrient that can be consumed with a regular diet, quercetin has recently garnered interest. Quercetin acts as a phytochemical ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Cleft lip and palate are among the most frequently diagnosed congenital diseases, and exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) during pregnancy induces cleft palate via AhR. In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of quercetin intake on the TCDD-induced cleft palate and its mechanism of action. The in vivo results suggest that quercetin intake by pregnant mice can prevent cleft palate in fetal mice. In vitro, the addition of TCDD induced a reduction in cell migration and the proliferation of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells, which was mitigated by the addition of quercetin. The addition of quercetin did not alter the mRNA expression levels of the AhR repressor but significantly suppressed mRNA expression of CYP1A1. In addition, the binding of AhR to a xenobiotic responsive element was inhibited by quercetin, based on a chemically activated luciferase expression assay. In conclusion, our results suggest that quercetin reduces the development of TCDD-induced cleft palate by inhibiting CYP1A1 through AhR.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial , Fissura Palatina , Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas , Animais , Fissura Palatina/induzido quimicamente , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/metabolismo , Feminino , Camundongos , Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/toxicidade , Gravidez , Quercetina/farmacologia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/genética , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/metabolismo
3.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 21(1): 254, 2021 Mar 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33771100

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and the postpartum period has serious health outcomes for the mother and infant. Although some systematic reviews have shown the impact of maternal SDP on particular conditions, a systematic review examining the overall health outcomes has not been published. Hence, this paper aimed to conduct an umbrella review on this issue. METHODS: A systematic review of systematic reviews (umbrella review) was conducted according to a protocol submitted to PROSPERO ( CRD42018086350 ). CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CRD Database and HMIC databases were searched to include all studies published in English by 31 December 2017, except those focusing exclusively on low-income countries. Two researchers conducted the study selection and quality assessment independently. RESULTS: The review included 64 studies analysing the relationship between maternal SDP and 46 health conditions. The highest increase in risks was found for sudden infant death syndrome, asthma, stillbirth, low birth weight and obesity amongst infants. The impact of SDP was associated with the number of cigarettes consumed. According to the causal link analysis, five mother-related and ten infant-related conditions had a causal link with SDP. In addition, some studies reported protective impacts of SDP on pre-eclampsia, hyperemesis gravidarum and skin defects on infants. The review identified important gaps in the literature regarding the dose-response association, exposure window, postnatal smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The review shows that maternal SDP is not only associated with short-term health conditions (e.g. preterm birth, oral clefts) but also some which can have life-long detrimental impacts (e.g. obesity, intellectual impairment). IMPLICATIONS: This umbrella review provides a comprehensive analysis of the overall health impacts of SDP. The study findings indicate that while estimating health and cost outcomes of SDP, long-term health impacts should be considered as well as short-term effects since studies not including the long-term outcomes would underestimate the magnitude of the issue. Also, interventions for pregnant women who smoke should consider the impact of reducing smoking due to health benefits on mothers and infants, and not solely cessation.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Nascimento Prematuro/epidemiologia , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/epidemiologia , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Saúde do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Saúde Materna , Mães/estatística & dados numéricos , Período Pós-Parto , Gravidez , Gestantes , Nascimento Prematuro/etiologia , Nascimento Prematuro/prevenção & controle , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/etiologia , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/prevenção & controle , Fumar/epidemiologia , Prevenção do Hábito de Fumar , Revisões Sistemáticas como Assunto
4.
BMC Res Notes ; 12(1): 495, 2019 Aug 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31399144

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Although infant mortality because of birth defect has increased in both developed and developing countries, had not got attention like other health issues at national, regional, or local levels. Documenting the risk factors that influence the occurrence of birth defects and its seasonality will help to inform the community and to develop preventive strategies for the country. RESULTS: Factors associated with higher likelihood of a major structural birth defects included maternal age; neonates born from women living in urban; and in Dega; history of fever during pregnancy; intake of herbal medicine; and drinking alcohol. Counselling for pregnancy preparation and folic acid supplementation was found protective for the likelihood of birth defect.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/epidemiologia , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Anormalidades Congênitas/etiologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/prevenção & controle , Países em Desenvolvimento , Suplementos Nutricionais , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Febre/complicações , Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Idade Materna , Anormalidades Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Anormalidades Musculoesqueléticas/prevenção & controle , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/etiologia , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/prevenção & controle , Parto , Gravidez , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Fatores de Risco , Estações do Ano , População Urbana
5.
Hum Exp Toxicol ; 38(9): 1014-1023, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31169026

RESUMO

Cleft lip and cleft palate also known as orofacial cleft is a congenital malformation involving the partial or total lack of anatomical continuity of craniofacial tissue. The most common environmental factors that may cause orofacial clefts include pharmaceuticals, alcohol, addictive drugs, and tobacco smoke. Living in the area of industrial factories, garbage, ironworks, crematoria, wastewater treatment plants, and plastic waste landfills also has a significant impact on the development of the craniofacial defects. Some of the main factors causing the formation of congenital craniofacial defects are dioxins, of which emission to the environment is an important environmental and health problem. Dioxins are a diverse group of organic chemical compounds, derivatives of oxanthrene and fumarates, which are organoleptically imperceptible. Acting mainly through induction of inflammation, they influence a number of metabolic processes, including the process of bone mineralization and embryonic development. In this work, we highlight the problem of orofacial cleft including the impact of dioxin on development of this defect and the recommended prevention.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Dioxinas/toxicidade , Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidade , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez
6.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg ; 46(12): 2058-2062, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30446326

RESUMO

Clinical and experimental studies show a clear positive effect of B-vitamins in the prevention of oromaxillofacial clefts, especially cleft lip and palate (CL/P). Hereby the local effect of thiamin (B1) in the amniotic fluid is very important for the embryonic facial development as seen in palatal organ models stimulated by topical B-vitamin application (Scheller et al., 2013a). Moreover a low B1 concentration in the serum and amniotic fluid was found in pregnant mice with clefts in their offspring (Scheller et al., 2013b). Immunochemical analyses of midface sections (ThTr-1 transporter) and the placenta (ThTr-2 transporter) of cleft fetuses with orofacial clefts showed an atypical cytoplasmatic localization (Scheller et al., 2017). mRNA nalyses of different B-vitamin transporters (B1, B2, B5, B7, B9) were performed and showed ThTr2 transporter in a short splice variant in all cleft fetuses. This splice variant may cause a functional loss of the transport capacity through the placenta barrier and result in a low amniotic fluid concentration of vitamin B1. All other analyzed transport proteins showed no functional change. These findings confirm the hypothesis that cleft prevention by high vitamin B1 substitution fails in genetically determined cleft mice, caused by an insufficient B1 uptake and missing local effect.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/deficiência , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Tiamina/metabolismo , Complexo Vitamínico B/farmacologia , Animais , Transporte Biológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Feminino , Camundongos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Gravidez , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Análise de Sequência de DNA
7.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 12(3): 228-232, Sept. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-975738

RESUMO

RESUMEN: La fisura labiopalatina ha tenido una alta frecuencia en la población chilena. A partir del 2000 se inició el programa de fortificación de la harina con ácido fólico a fin de disminuir los defectos del tubo neural. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el impacto que presenta la incorporación del ácido fólico en la incidencia de fisuras labiopalatinas de la población del área occidente de la Región Metropolitana. Se recopiló información a partir de las fichas clínicas de la Fundación Gantz seleccionando a los recién nacidos entre 1990 y 2009, correspondientes a las comunas del Servicio de Salud Occidente de la Región Metropolitana. Desde el 2000 hasta el 2004 se observó una disminución importante en las tasas de fisura labiopalatina, con una tasa de 0,88 fisurados por 1000 recién nacidos vivos. Posteriormente se observó un incremento a partir del 2005 hasta el 2009 llegando a una tasa de 1,52 fisurados por 1000 recién nacidos vivos. En conclusión, el efecto protector del ácido fólico se evidencia en la disminución de las tasas de los recién nacidos con fisuras durante los primeros años de su implementación. Sin embargo, posteriormente se observó un aumento de dichas tasas, lo cual podría deberse al incumplimiento de la norma.


ABSTRACT: Cleft lip and palate has had a high frequency in the Chilean population. From the year 2000 a flour fortification program with folic acid was initiated in order to reduce the defects of the neural tube. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the incorporation of folic acid in the incidence of cleft lip and palate of the population of the western area of the Metropolitan Region. Information was collected from clinical records of the Gantz Foundation, selecting newborns from 1990 to 2009, corresponding to the districts of the western sector of the Metropolitan Region. From 2000 to 2004 there was a significant decrease in cleft lip and palate rates, with a rate of 0.88 cases per 1000 live births. Subsequently, an increase was observed from 2005 to 2009, reaching a rate of 1.52 cases per 1000 live births. In conclusion, the protective effect of folic acid is evidenced in the reduction of the rates of newborns with cleft palate during the first years of its implementation. However, an increase in these rates was subsequently observed, which could be due to noncompliance with the standard.


Assuntos
Humanos , Alimentos Fortificados , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Ácido Fólico/farmacologia , Chile/epidemiologia , Prevalência
8.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg ; 45(12): 1948-1954, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29037922

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) are one of the most common human birth defects. Animal experiments and clinical investigations show a clear reduction of teratogenic clefts by a high-dose vitamin B supplementation during early pregnancy, especially in families at risk (reduction of recurrence). The aim of this work was to examine the influence of thiamine (vitamin B1) on CL/P appearance in genetically determined A/WySn mice within different supplementation starting points. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 A/WySn female mice were orally supplemented with high doses (80 mg/kg) of thiamine at different times of pregnancy (5 groups, n = 90). The influence of thiamine on the abortion rate and CL/P appearance in the offspring was analyzed with respect to the concentration of thiamine in the serum and amniotic fluid (HPLC-chromatography). Immunochemical analyses of the ThTr-1 und ThTr-2 receptor-status were performed in midface sections of A/WySn-fetuses and the corresponding placenta, with and without CL/P. RESULTS: High doses of orally supplemented thiamine did not reduce the CL/P appearance in A/WySn mice. However, the different starting points of vitamin B1 substitution had some influence. Additionally, an obvious decrease in aborted fetuses was noticed in all supplemented groups. The oral substitution caused a clear increase of the serum concentration in all mothers, but showed no increase of the amniotic fluid concentration. Then immunohistochemistry detected an overexpression of ThTr-1 in the midface and an irregular localization of ThTr-2 in the placenta of fetuses with clefts. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a time-dependent influence of thiamine on CL/P appearance in female mice. The prophylactic/periconceptional, but not the therapeutic supplementation, starting point can be proposed as a crucial step for regular facial and palatal fusion in embryonic development. The absolute rate of CL/P was not reduced, and the concentration of the water-soluble thiamine could not increase in the amniotic fluid. Thus the proposed local effect of thiamine failed in the development of genetically determined mice.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/genética , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/genética , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Suplementos Nutricionais , Tiamina/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Animais , Fenda Labial/embriologia , Fissura Palatina/embriologia , Feminino , Camundongos , Gravidez , Falha de Tratamento
9.
Rev Med Chil ; 144(8): 1012-1019, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27905647

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The effect of food fortification with folic acid on the incidence of lip-palate fissures (FLP) is under discussion. AIM: To calculate the rate of hospital discharges due to cleft lip and palate (CLP) and explore whether they decreased after the start of folic acid fortification in Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hospital discharge databases published by the Chilean Ministry of Health were analyzed. The trends of discharge rates due to CLP of children of less than one year of life (ICD-10 Q350-379 code) and live births (lb) were calculated from 1986 to 2012. Variables such as incidence of rubella, poverty rate, obesity in pregnant women, and percentage of women who smoked or drank alcohol in the last month were included. The relative risk (RR) of CLP pre-fortification (1986-1999) and post-fortification (2000-2010) was calculated. Mixed and Prais-Winsten models were used to adjust other variables. RESULTS: The hospital discharge rate due to CLP decreased from 1.88 x 1,000 lb during 1986-1996 to 1.68 x 1,000 lb (RR = 1.09 (95% CI 1.05-1.14, p < 0.001). Prais-Winsten and Mixed models, determined that folic acid fortification is the variable explaining this decrease. During 2004-2011, hospital discharge rates for cleft lip decreased but there was an increase in the figures for cleft lip and palate. CONCLUSIONS: The 9% decrease in hospital discharge rates for CLP is concomitant with wheat folic acid fortification.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Alimentos Fortificados , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Chile/epidemiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Farinha/análise , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Análise Multivariada , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/prevenção & controle
10.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(8): 1012-1019, ago. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-830606

RESUMO

Background: The effect of food fortification with folic acid on the incidence of lip-palate fissures (FLP) is under discussion. Aim: To calculate the rate of hospital discharges due to cleft lip and palate (CLP) and explore whether they decreased after the start of folic acid fortification in Chile. Material and Methods: The hospital discharge databases published by the Chilean Ministry of Health were analyzed. The trends of discharge rates due to CLP of children of less than one year of life (ICD-10 Q350-379 code) and live births (lb) were calculated from 1986 to 2012. Variables such as incidence of rubella, poverty rate, obesity in pregnant women, and percentage of women who smoked or drank alcohol in the last month were included. The relative risk (RR) of CLP pre-fortification (1986-1999) and post-fortification (2000-2010) was calculated. Mixed and Prais-Winsten models were used to adjust other variables. Results: The hospital discharge rate due to CLP decreased from 1.88 x 1,000 lb during 1986-1996 to 1.68 x 1,000 lb (RR = 1.09 (95% CI 1.05-1.14, p < 0.001). Prais-Winsten and Mixed models, determined that folic acid fortification is the variable explaining this decrease. During 2004-2011, hospital discharge rates for cleft lip decreased but there was an increase in the figures for cleft lip and palate. Conclusions: The 9% decrease in hospital discharge rates for CLP is concomitant with wheat folic acid fortification.


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Alimentos Fortificados , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Chile/epidemiologia , Incidência , Análise Multivariada , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Farinha/análise , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/prevenção & controle
11.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg ; 44(2): 104-9, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26712483

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) shows a gender-related distribution in human beings. The reason is unknown. This study analyzed the gender-related cleft appearance with respect to teratogenically and genetically determined cleft appearance and the response to thiamine (vitamin B1) supplementation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cyclophosphamide (CPA; 0.6 mg) and dexamethasone (0.25 mg) were injected intraperitoneally to A/B-Jena mice on different days of pregnancy. The abortion and malformation rate in the A/B-Jena and A/WySn mice with genetically determined clefting was documented to be gender-specific. Vitamin B1 was given to A/B-Jena dams at different times during pregnancy before, simultaneously and after the teratogenic agent was given to the pregnant mothers. A/WySn mice received oral supplementation at different times during embryonic/fetal development. RESULTS: There were significantly more living female fetuses when mothers were treated with teratogens, and the embryo lethality and malformation affected more male individuals. However, the survival and malformation rate in A/WySn mice was not gender-specific. Especially in male fetuses, vitamin B1 decreased the teratogenic cleft rate (CPA: p < 0.001, dexamethasone: p = 0.6), whereas there was no effect in the A/WySn mice. CONCLUSION: There was a strong anti-teratogenic effect of vitamin B1, especially in the male fetuses. Genetically determined cleft appearance was not positively influenced. These findings confirm observations about cleft appearance in human beings.


Assuntos
Fissura Palatina/genética , Tiamina/farmacologia , Vitaminas/farmacologia , Animais , Fenda Labial , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Gravidez , Distribuição por Sexo , Teratogênicos
12.
Nutrients ; 7(9): 7172-84, 2015 Aug 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26343712

RESUMO

The aim of present study was to check the possible association of potential parental environmental exposures and maternal supplementation intake with the risk of nonsyndromic orofacial clefting (NSOC). A retrospective study comprised 499 cases and 480 controls was conducted in Heilongjiang Province. Chi-square analysis and unconditional multiple logistic regression were used in the study. The results showed that maternal history of fever and the common cold without fever (ORCL/P = 3.11 and 5.56, 95%CI: 1.67-5.82 and 2.96-10.47, ORCPO = 3.31 and 8.23, 95%CI: 1.58-6.94 and 4.08-16.95), paternal smoking and alcohol consumption (ORCL/P = 2.15 and 5.04, 95%CI: 1.37-3.38 and 3.00-8.46, ORCPO = 1.82 and 4.40, 95%CI: 1.06-3.13 and 2.50-7.74), maternal exposure to organic solvents, heavy metals, or pesticides (ORCL/P = 6.07, 5.67 and 5.97, 95%CI: 1.49-24.76, 1.34-24.09 and 2.10-16.98, ORCPO = 10.65, 7.28 and 3.48, 95%CI: 2.54-44.67, 1.41-37.63 and 1.06-11.46) and multivitamin use during the preconception period (ORCL/P = 0.06, 95%CI: 0.02-0.23, ORCPO = 0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.30) were associated with cleft lip or without cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate only (CPO). Maternal history of skin disease and negative life events (ORCL/P = 12.07 and 1.67, 95%CI: 1.81-80.05 and 1.95-2.67) were associated with CL/P. Some potential parental hazardous exposures during the periconception period and maternal use of multivitamins during the preconception period were associated with risk of NSOC.


Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Encéfalo/anormalidades , Fenda Labial/induzido quimicamente , Fissura Palatina/induzido quimicamente , Suplementos Nutricionais , Poluentes Ambientais/efeitos adversos , Exposição Materna/efeitos adversos , Exposição Paterna/efeitos adversos , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , China/epidemiologia , Fenda Labial/diagnóstico , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/diagnóstico , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Suplementos Nutricionais/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Gravidez , Fatores de Proteção , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
13.
Acta Med Iran ; 53(11): 703-10, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26786992

RESUMO

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a mustard alkylating agent used in the treatment of a number of neoplastic diseases and as an immunosuppressant for the prevention of xenograft rejection. There are many reports that the teratogenic effects of cyclophosphamide can be prevented by application of antioxidant drugs and stimulation of the maternal immune system. Also, there is some evidence that L-carnitine is antioxidant. Therefore, in this study, the prophylactic effect of L-carnitine on teratogenic effects of CP was evaluated. This study was performed on 31 pregnant rats divided into 5 groups. Control group received normal saline and test groups received L-carnitine (500 mg/kg), CP (15 mg/kg), CP (15 mg/kg) plus L-carnitine (250 mg/kg) and CP (15 mg/kg) plus L-carnitine (500 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at 9th day of gestation. Fetuses were collected at 20th day of gestation and after determination of weight and length; they were stained by Alizarin red-Alcian blue method. Cleft palate, spina bifida, and exencephaly incidence were 55.55%, 33.34% and 27.77% in fetuses of mice that received only CP. Cleft palate, spina bifida, exencephaly incidence were 21.42%, 4.76% and 9.52% in the group which received CP plus L-carnitine (250 mg/kg), respectively. However, cleft palate, spina bifida, and exencephaly incidence were 8%, 0% and 8% range in the group received CP plus L-carnitine (500 mg/kg), respectively. In addition, skeletal anomalies incidence including limbs, vertebrae, and sternum defects were decreased by L-carnitine. The mean of weight and length of animals' fetuses received L-carnitine were significantly greater than those received only CP. In conclusion, L-carnitine significantly decreased teratogenicity induced by CP; but this subject needs more detailed evaluation.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Carnitina/farmacologia , Ciclofosfamida/toxicidade , Tubo Neural/anormalidades , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Feto , Masculino , Camundongos , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/prevenção & controle , Gravidez , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
14.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol ; 100(11): 822-5, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25045059

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: According to the 2014 Surgeon General's Report, smoking in early pregnancy can cause orofacial clefts. We sought to examine the implications of this causal link for the potential prevention of orofacial clefts in the United States. METHODS: Using published data on the strength of the association between orofacial clefts and smoking in early pregnancy and the prevalence of smoking at the start of pregnancy, we estimated the attributable fraction for smoking as a cause of orofacial clefts. We then used the prevalence of orofacial clefts in the United States to estimate the number of orofacial clefts that could be prevented in the United States each year by eliminating exposure to smoking during early pregnancy. We also estimated the financial impact of preventing orofacial clefts caused by maternal smoking based on a published estimate of attributable healthcare costs through age 10 for orofacial clefts. RESULTS: The estimated attributable fraction of orofacial clefts caused by smoking in early pregnancy was 6.1% (95% uncertainty interval 4.4%, 7.7%). Complete elimination of smoking in early pregnancy could prevent orofacial clefts in approximately 430 infants per year in the United States, and could save an estimated $40.4 million in discounted healthcare costs through age 10 for each birth cohort. CONCLUSION: Understanding the magnitude of the preventable burden of orofacial clefts related to maternal smoking could help focus smoking cessation efforts on women who might become pregnant.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Exposição Materna/prevenção & controle , Modelos Estatísticos , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/economia , Prevenção do Hábito de Fumar , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fenda Labial/economia , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/economia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Exposição Materna/efeitos adversos , Exposição Materna/economia , Gravidez , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/estatística & dados numéricos , Cirurgiões , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
15.
Braz. oral res ; 28(spe): 1-5, 14/01/2014.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-704643

RESUMO

This article presents general aspects of risk factors and particularities of the management of individuals with oral clefts (OCs). A practical manual of prevention and management of this congenital defect was prepared based on a review of the literature and using data from Brazilian multicenter studies. Since OCs require efforts from all levels of healthcare, the data herein presented permits appropriate follow-up for affected individuals and their families. Also, the recognition of risk factors is crucial for planning and implementing preventive measures at the individual and population levels.


Assuntos
Humanos , Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Brasil , Fatores de Risco
16.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 42(11): 1424-6, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23664420

RESUMO

There is increasing evidence that dietary folic acid deficiency in utero may increase the risk of developing the 'cleft lip with or without cleft palate' (CL±P) variant of orofacial cleft. Coeliac disease is a common cause of folic acid malabsorption, and in the majority of cases remains undiagnosed. This pilot study assessed the seroprevalence of undiagnosed coeliac disease in a cohort of mothers of infants with CL±P in the Hyderabad area of India. The seroprevalence of coeliac disease of 1.15% (95% confidence interval 0.37-2.66%) was little different from the expected figure based on published population studies, making a clinically significant association unlikely.


Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/complicações , Fenda Labial/etiologia , Fissura Palatina/etiologia , Deficiência de Ácido Fólico/complicações , Adulto , Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Doença Celíaca/epidemiologia , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Intervalos de Confiança , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Deficiência de Ácido Fólico/diagnóstico , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Transglutaminases/sangue
18.
Nutr J ; 12: 34, 2013 Mar 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23514444

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dietary intake of nitrates, nitrites, and nitrosamines can increase the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds in the stomach. Results from animal studies suggest that these compounds might be teratogenic. We examined the relationship between maternal dietary intake of nitrates, nitrites (including plant and animal sources as separate groups), and nitrosamines and several types of birth defects in offspring. METHODS: For this population-based case-control study, data from a 58-question food frequency questionnaire, adapted from the short Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire and administered as part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), were used to estimate daily intake of dietary nitrates, nitrites, and nitrosamines in a sample of 6544 mothers of infants with neural tube defects (NTD)s, oral clefts (OC)s, or limb deficiencies (LD)s and 6807 mothers of unaffected control infants. Total daily intake of these compounds was divided into quartiles based on the control mother distributions. Odds ratios (OR)s and 95% confidence intervals (CI)s were estimated using logistic regression; estimates were adjusted for maternal daily caloric intake, maternal race-ethnicity, education, dietary folate intake, high fat diet (>30% of calories from fat), and state of residence. RESULTS: While some unadjusted ORs for NTDS had 95% (CI)s that excluded the null value, none remained significant after adjustment for covariates, and the effect sizes were small (adjusted odds ratios [aOR]<1.12). Similar results were found for OCs and LDs with the exception of animal nitrites and cleft lip with/without cleft palate (aORs and CIs for quartile 4 compared to quartile 1 =1.24; CI=1.05-1.48), animal nitrites and cleft lip (4th quartile aOR=1.32; CI=1.01-1.72), and total nitrite and intercalary LD (4th quartile aOR=4.70; CI=1.23-17.93). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, odds of NTDs, OCs or LDs did not appear to be significantly associated with estimated dietary intake of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamines.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/prevenção & controle , Nitratos/administração & dosagem , Nitritos/administração & dosagem , Nitrosaminas/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Fenda Labial/induzido quimicamente , Fenda Labial/patologia , Fissura Palatina/induzido quimicamente , Fissura Palatina/patologia , Intervalos de Confiança , Ingestão de Energia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lactente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/induzido quimicamente , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/patologia , Nitratos/efeitos adversos , Nitritos/efeitos adversos , Nitrosaminas/efeitos adversos , Razão de Chances , Gravidez , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
19.
Chin J Dent Res ; 16(2): 95-100, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24436944

RESUMO

The treatment, research and volunteer work for cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) has been led for over 30 years by our team. Within this period, more than 4,000 cases of CL/P were treated and at the same time, and approximately 400 papers were published as the first or partner researcher in Nature Genetics, New England Journal of Medicine and others. In addition, with $20 million that was donated from companies and laypeople, and the grant from the Japanese government, CL/P centres in many countries and in Japan, the oral and craniofacial congenital anomaly gene bank in our CL/P centre was established by our leadership. In the bank there are genes from approximately more than 8,000 cases. The genes were mapped with Professor Jeffery Murray of Iowa University in the United States, the findings about genetic syndromes such as Van der Woude Syndrome and basal cell nevus syndrome were applied in clinical settings. The genetic counselling section that specialises in the oral and maxillofacial field was established by our effort for the first time in Japan. In this review, our clinical experience and approach for genetic diagnoses and prevention of cleft lip and/or palate will be discussed.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/diagnóstico , Fissura Palatina/diagnóstico , Testes Genéticos , Animais , Fenda Labial/genética , Fenda Labial/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/genética , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cães , Humanos , Camundongos
20.
Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi ; 29(3): 197-201, 2013 May.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25069347

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether or not administration of folic acid and resveratrol have preventive effects on cleft palate formation as well as the comparison of the two drugs' s effects. METHODS: Pregnant mice were randomly divided into 9 groups, with 8 mice in each group. The TCDD group mice were dosed with TCDD 28 microg/kg body weight on gestation day 10 (GD 10) animals in folic acid group were respectively dosed with folic acid 15, 10, 5 mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg; resveratrol treated mice were divided into 3 groups: resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13 in resveratrol (GD8-13 ) group; resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13, followed hy an oral administered with TCDD on GD10 in resveratrol (GD8-13) + TCDD group; resveratrol 50mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg were used by gavage administration at GD10 in resveratrol (GD10) + TCDD group. Control mice were treated with the same volume of water for 6 consecutive days from GD8 to GD13 and were given a single dose of corn oil on GD10. The pregnant mice weight and embryos, the number of live, cleft palate, dead and resorption fetal mice were recorded on GD 17.5. The coronal sections of the fetal mice heads were prepared at GD 17.5 and observed by microscopy. RESULTS: Total frequency of clefts was 92.86% in TCDD group, 84.00% (15 mg), 73.08% (10 mg), 84.00% (5 mg) in folic acid + TCDD groups, 0% in resveratrol (GD10) group, 74.51% (GD10), 57.78% (GD8-13) in resveratrol + TCDD groups. The frequency of cleft was 0% in the control group. Compared with the control and the TCDD groups, there were significant differences in the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice in TCCD + resveratrol (GD8-13) group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in embryonic weight, live fetuses weight, the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice were found in the other groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Test dose of folic acid and resveratrol both had certain antagonistic effect on cleft palate in mice induced by TCDD, with folic acid 10 mg/kg, resveratrol 50 mg/kg GD8-13 doses having stronger antagonistic action. Effects of both the two drugs have no significant difference, but resveratrol (50 mg/kg, GD8-13) significantly affects the fetal mice's growth and development under TCDD exposure in utero.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/prevenção & controle , Fissura Palatina/prevenção & controle , Ácido Fólico/farmacologia , Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/antagonistas & inibidores , Estilbenos/farmacologia , Teratogênicos , Animais , Fissura Palatina/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Feto , Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Gravidez , Distribuição Aleatória , Resveratrol , Estilbenos/administração & dosagem
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA