RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the feasibility of open surgery and determined outcome predictors for late management of epiphyseal plate fracture of the distal radius in children. METHODS: This retrospective study included 25 patients (22 male, 3 female) who underwent open surgery for late management of epiphyseal plate fracture of the distal radius. Wrist function was evaluated on Cooney score. Potential predictors comprised age, gender, fracture type, days after injury (DAI), degree of violence (DOV), and dorsal angulation before surgery (DABS). RESULTS: Overall, wrist function after surgery was classified as excellent for 16 patients (64%), good for 6 (24%), and fair for 3 (12%). The rate of excellent wrist function was 86.7% (13/15) in children older than 10 years but only 40% (4/10) for those aged under 10 years (p = 0.0280). Cooney score correlated positively with age, but there was no correlation with gender, fracture type, DAI, DOV or DABS. CONCLUSION: Open reduction surgery for late management of distal radius epiphyseal fracture yielded good results in patients aged over 10 years. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Assuntos
Fraturas do Rádio , Fraturas Salter-Harris , Fraturas do Punho , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Idoso , Rádio (Anatomia) , Fraturas do Rádio/cirurgia , Lâmina de Crescimento/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Placas Ósseas , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Salter-Harris type II fractures are the most common pediatric phalangeal fracture. A juxtaepiphyseal fracture is a distinct fracture pattern that, although similar in radiographic appearance, occurs 1 to 2 mm distal to the growth plate. Although subtle, there are important differences in the behavior and management of these fracture types. The purpose of this study was to compare these two fracture patterns in terms of clinical features and treatment. METHODS: An institutional review board-approved retrospective chart review was conducted of patients presenting to our tertiary care pediatric hospital. One hundred fifty-eight patients with either Salter-Harris type II or juxtaepiphyseal phalangeal fractures were identified. Primary outcomes analyzed included angulation at initial presentation, stability of reduction if attempted in the emergency department, and need for operative fixation with and without Kirschner wire fixation, with final angulation measurements. RESULTS: Salter-Harris type II fractures were more common than juxtaepiphyseal fractures (83 percent versus 17 percent, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two fracture types in the patient's age, sex, or mechanism of injury. Juxtaepiphyseal fractures were radiographically more angulated on presentation than Salter-Harris type II fractures (p = 0.02). Juxtaepiphyseal fractures required significantly more operative fixation by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning compared to Salter-Harris type II fractures (42.9 percent versus 10.8 percent, respectively; p = 0.002). There was no difference in final outcomes obtained between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Juxtaepiphyseal phalangeal fractures are a distinct entity from Salter-Harris type II fractures. Presenting with significantly more radiographic angulation and clinical instability, juxtaepiphyseal fractures more frequently required operative fixation. Recognizing the differences between these pediatric fracture types is important to help guide clinical management for successful healing. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, II.
Assuntos
Falanges dos Dedos da Mão/lesões , Falanges dos Dedos da Mão/cirurgia , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: In this study, we describe a novel hemiepiphysiodesis technique to prevent implant-related perichondrial ring injury in a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Proximal tibial epiphyseal plates of a total of 16 white New Zealand rabbits were used for this animal model. The subjects were divided into three equal groups as follows: Group 1 (Kirschner wire [K-wire]/cerclage), Group 2 (8-plate) right-hind legs, Group 3 (Control) left hind legs. Using anteroposterior radiography, the medial slope angle (MSA), articular line-diaphyseal angle (ALDA), and the angle between screws of 8-plate in lateral X-ray tibial slope angle (TSA) were measured. The radiographs were taken early postoperative (Day 1) and on sacrification day (Week 8). The histological evaluation of the perichondrial ring was made on a 7-mm axial section that stained with Safranin O/fast green at X10 magnification. RESULTS: In both K-wire and 8-plate groups, the early postoperative ALDA and TSA were greater than the sacrification ALDA and TSA (p=0.028 and p<0.001, respectively). The early postoperative MSA was lower than the sacrification MSA in groups, (p<0.001). The MSA in the control group was lower than the K-wire and 8-plate groups (p<0.001 and p=0.009; respectively). The perichondrial ring thickness of the K-wire group was greater than the 8-plate group in histological evaluation (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Both of the K-wire and 8-plate groups showed similar angulation effects in the proximal tibia, although histologically less damage to the perichondrial ring was observed in the K-wire group, compared to the 8-plate group.
Assuntos
Placas Ósseas/estatística & dados numéricos , Fios Ortopédicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Lâmina de Crescimento/cirurgia , Tíbia/cirurgia , Animais , Cartilagem/diagnóstico por imagem , Epífises , Coelhos , Radiografia , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The treatment for displaced Salter-Harris II (S-H II) distal tibia fractures remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to review S-H II distal tibia fractures and evaluate the rate of premature physeal closure (PPC) treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). METHODS: We reviewed the charts and radiographs of S-H II fractures of the distal tibia with displacement > 3 mm between 2012 and 2019 treated by ORIF. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months. CT scans of injured side or contralateral ankle radiograph were obtained if there was any evidence of PPC. Any angular deformity or shortening of the involved leg was documented. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for the occurrence of PPC. RESULTS: A total of 65 patients with a mean age of 11.8 years were included in this study. The mean initial displacement was 8.0 mm. All patients but one were treated within 7 days after injury and the mean interval was 3.7 days. Supination-external rotation injuries occurred in 50 patients, pronation-eversion external rotation in 13, and supination-plantar flexion in two. The residual gap was less than 1 mm in all patients following ORIF and all fractures healed within 4-6 weeks. Superficial skin infection developed in one patient. Ten patients complained of the cosmetic scar. The rate of PPC was 29.2% and two patients with PPC developed a varus deformity of the ankle. Patients with associated fibular fracture had 7 times greater odds of developing PPC. Age, gender, injured side, mechanism of injury, amount of initial displacement, interval from injury to surgery, or energy of injury did not significantly affect the rate of PPC. CONCLUSIONS: ORIF was an effective choice of treatment for S-H II distal tibia fractures with displacement > 3 mm to obtain a satisfactory reduction. PPC is a common complication following ORIF. The presence of concomitant fibula fracture was associated with PPC.
Assuntos
Tornozelo/anormalidades , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Redução Aberta/métodos , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Deformidades Adquiridas do Pé/etiologia , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Redução Aberta/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fraturas Salter-Harris/classificação , Fraturas da Tíbia/classificação , Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Inappropriate treatment of growth plate injury may cause complications such as malunion or early arrest of the growth plate. Identification of intra-articular lesions is mandatory in patients with a growth plate injury of the distal tibia. Arthroscopic assessment is useful in identifying intra-articular injury. We report three cases of intra-articular growth plate injury of the distal tibia that were treated via internal fixation with arthroscopic assessment in our hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All three cases were performed pre- and postoperative arthroscopic assessment and open reduction and internal fixation with a cannulated cancellous screw (CCS; Meira, Japan). All patients were then examined for postoperative complications, functional recovery, at the end of the final follow-up consultation. RESULTS: Intraoperatively, a small cartilage injury was found in the non-fracture area in two cases; the remaining case had a reversed cartilage fragment at the talus, which was arthroscopically removed. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic assessment followed by internal fixation is a useful minimally invasive method for the identification of intra-articular lesions such as osteochondral injury or free bodies.
Assuntos
Artroscopia/métodos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fraturas Intra-Articulares , Fraturas Salter-Harris , Tíbia , Fraturas da Tíbia , Adolescente , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Fraturas Intra-Articulares/diagnóstico , Fraturas Intra-Articulares/cirurgia , Japão , Redução Aberta , Assistência Perioperatória , Fraturas Salter-Harris/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tíbia/cirurgia , Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
CASE: A 12-year-old male patient sustained a multisegmental both-bone forearm fracture. Definitive stabilization was ulna intramedullary pinning, with stainless steel plating of the radius followed by a titanium plate stacked atop and extending internal fixation. Currently, 36 months after surgery, he experiences no limitations or complications. All hardware remains in situ. CONCLUSION: We believe this is the first description of different material plates in direct contact, of stacked plates, and of 1 plate extending another's fixation. No adverse effects developed.
Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Traumatismos do Antebraço/cirurgia , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/instrumentação , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Aço Inoxidável , TitânioRESUMO
CASE: We describe a case of posterior hip dislocation in a 13-year-old boy after a contact football injury with attempted closed reduction resulting in complete separation of the epiphysis from the femoral neck metaphysis with associated femoral head fracture and posterior dislocation of the femoral head. Treatment was emergently performed with a greater trochanteric osteotomy, open reduction internal fixation using cannulated screws, and additional small diameter drill holes in the femoral head to promote blood flow. The patient did well postoperatively and at over 4 years follow-up had no evidence of avascular necrosis and returned to full athletics participation. CONCLUSION: Particular attention should be taken when reducing hip dislocations in the adolescent population who may be predisposed to epiphysiolysis. Preservation of periosteal soft-tissue attachments and the use of small diameter drill holes to promote femoral head blood flow may have contributed to the excellent outcome.
Assuntos
Epifise Deslocada/etiologia , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Luxação do Quadril/complicações , Fraturas Salter-Harris/etiologia , Adolescente , Epifise Deslocada/diagnóstico por imagem , Epifise Deslocada/cirurgia , Futebol Americano/lesões , Luxação do Quadril/diagnóstico por imagem , Luxação do Quadril/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Fraturas Salter-Harris/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The cartilaginous primary physis, or growth plate, at the end of long bones in children allows for longitudinal bone growth. A variety of insults to the physis can lead to physeal bridge formation, which in turn can lead to limb-shortening and angular deformities. This paper begins with a description of the causes, risk factors and mechanisms by which bridges form. Then it reviews the use of imaging in the diagnosis and characterization of bridges and in the evaluation of treatment and post-treatment complications. It is important for radiologists taking care of children to be aware of the indirect and direct imaging findings of physeal bridges to aid in their diagnosis, to be able to characterize bridges as part of preoperative planning, and to know the imaging finding of post-resection complications.
Assuntos
Doenças do Desenvolvimento Ósseo/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Desenvolvimento Ósseo/etiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Fraturas Salter-Harris/complicações , Fraturas Salter-Harris/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Doenças do Desenvolvimento Ósseo/cirurgia , Criança , Lâmina de Crescimento/diagnóstico por imagem , Lâmina de Crescimento/cirurgia , Humanos , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although physeal fractures and physeal bars can result in significant clinical consequences to growth and development of the injured physis, little orthopaedic research has focused upon this topic. Our objective was to extend a previously developed rat model to examine the immunohistochemical features following surgical application of techniques disrupting the physis. METHODS: Physes were surgically disrupted using fracture (control), epiphyseal scrape (ES), or epiphyseal drill (ED). After 1, 3, 6, 10, or 21 days, animals were euthanized, sites processed for histology and immunohistochemical localization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Factor VIII, Sox-9, PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein) and PTHrP-R (parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor) in resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic physeal zones. Incidence of physeal bars, vertical septa and islands within the metaphysis was quantified. Semiquantitative analysis of immunohistochemistry was performed. RESULTS: Physeal bars, vertical septa, and displaced cartilage islands were present each of the surgical treatments. Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant increase in the presence of physeal bars (P=0.002) and vertical septa (P=0.012) in the ED group at 10 and 21 days. Analysis of VEGF showed significant differences among the surgical treatments involving the resting zone, and the proliferative zone for days 1, 6, and 21 (P≤0.02) with greater mean scores present in the fracture (control) group, followed by the ED group; the lowest scores were present in the ES group. PTHrP-R immunolocalization showed significant differences among treatments in the hypertrophic zone at days 6 and 21 (P=0.022 and 0.044, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the type of surgical treatment, results show significant differences in the presence of VEGF (reflecting the vascular bed) in the resting and proliferating zones at days 1, 6, and 21. VEGF localization was less abundant in the ED group (which had more physeal bars), suggesting that lack of vascular ingrowth plays a role in physeal bar formation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Basic science data presented here provide insight into the importance of the various regions of the physis and its repair and continued growth after physeal fracture. We suggest that a better understanding of the cellular basis of physeal arrest following physeal fracture may have future relevance for the development of treatments to prevent or correct arrest.
Assuntos
Lâmina de Crescimento/metabolismo , Fraturas Salter-Harris/metabolismo , Técnicas de Ablação , Animais , Epífises/lesões , Epífises/metabolismo , Fator VIII/metabolismo , Lâmina de Crescimento/cirurgia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Proteína Relacionada ao Hormônio Paratireóideo/metabolismo , Ratos , Receptor Tipo 1 de Hormônio Paratireóideo/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição SOX9/metabolismo , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismoRESUMO
A 10-year-old girl presented to the emergency department having sustained a fall onto an outstretched left hand while playing soccer. Clinical and radiographical assessment identified a Salter-Harris I distal ulna fracture, as well as a buckle fracture of the distal radius. The injury was closed, and she had no neurovascular deficits on examination. She was brought to the operating theatre the following morning for closed reduction under general anaesthesia. Image intensification was used to confirm anatomical reduction, and an above-elbow moulded plaster-of-paris cast was applied. Follow-up clinical assessment at 6 weeks confirmed healing of the fracture, and she proceeded to make a full recovery. This case describes the anatomy and physiology of such rare injuries and outlines treatment principles and potential pitfalls based on best available evidence.
Assuntos
Traumatismos em Atletas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas do Rádio/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Salter-Harris/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas da Ulna/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos em Atletas/cirurgia , Criança , Redução Fechada , Feminino , Humanos , Radiografia , Fraturas do Rádio/cirurgia , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Fraturas da Ulna/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Salter-Harris fractures of the distal phalanx with or without clinical evidence of nail-bed laceration are frequently undertreated. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all patients with distal phalanx Salter-Harris fractures treated between 2004 and 2016. RESULTS: Seventy patients were treated for 72 Salter-Harris fractures at a mean ± SD age of 11.3 ± 3.7 years. Median follow-up was 6 weeks (interquartile range, 4 to 12.6 years). The thumb was most commonly involved (n = 21), followed by long (n = 18), ring (n =17), small (n = 9), and index (n = 7) fingers. Sport-related injuries accounted for 39 fractures (54 percent). Forty-two fractures (58 percent) had at least one clinical finding suggestive of nail-bed laceration (subungual hematoma, subluxation of the proximal nail plate, skin laceration proximal to the eponychial fold, bleeding from underneath the nail plate, eponychial fold laceration, and nail plate avulsion). Among 42 fractures with at least one feature of nail-bed laceration, surgical exploration was undertaken in 38 fractures. At exploration, a nail-bed laceration was found in 31 fractures (82 percent) and soft-tissue interposition was found in 18 (47 percent). Fractures with clinical features of nail-bed laceration (n = 42) were treated with open reduction and splinting (n = 25), open reduction and percutaneous pinning (n = 13), or splinting (n = 4). Excellent results were obtained, with few unfavorable outcomes. Infectious complications occurred in six patients. CONCLUSION: The high rate of nail-bed laceration and soft-tissue interposition in Salter-Harris fractures with clinical features of nail-bed laceration mandates surgical exploration. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.
Assuntos
Traumatismos dos Dedos/cirurgia , Falanges dos Dedos da Mão/lesões , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Adolescente , Algoritmos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Traumatismos dos Dedos/diagnóstico , Falanges dos Dedos da Mão/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Unhas/lesões , Unhas/cirurgia , Exame Físico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fraturas Salter-Harris/diagnóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Fracture of talus with Salter-Harris injury of the distal end of tibia is a rare injury in paediatric age group. The authors report a case of a 13-year-old male child who sustained type IV Salter-Harris injury to the medial malleolus with coronal spilt along with spilt and depressed fracture of the neck of talus and fracture of the lateral process of talus with stable compression fracture of spine sustained due to fall from 6 meters height. CT scan delineated the morphology of fracture pattern and helped in preoperative planning. Talar articular fracture was reduced and fixed arthroscopically while distal tibial fracture was fixed under image intensifier. We observed favourable outcome following arthroscopic reduction at 4-year follow-up.
Assuntos
Fraturas por Compressão/cirurgia , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Tálus/lesões , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Acidentes por Quedas , Adolescente , Fraturas por Compressão/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Fraturas Salter-Harris/etiologia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/etiologia , Tálus/cirurgia , Fraturas da Tíbia/etiologiaRESUMO
The treatment of pediatric patients in trauma surgery is a special situation in every aspect. For deciding on the correct treatment of fractures of the lower leg and ankle joint, various parameters, such as residual growth rate, skeletal age and height of the patient are decisive. The differences between fractures in children and adolescents are the open epiphyseal plate and the resulting residual growth. The bones of young children have a higher healing tendency and a greater potential for correction than in adolescents. Especially in the lower leg and the ankle joint, the potential for correction is decisive for the healing of fractures and for possible development of growth disorders. The limits of tolerance concerning axial malalignments and the expected spontaneous potential for correction must play an essential role for further treatment with conservative or operative therapy. This article deals with the special features of pediatric fractures of the lower leg and ankle joint.
Assuntos
Fraturas do Tornozelo/cirurgia , Lâmina de Crescimento/fisiopatologia , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Adolescente , Fraturas do Tornozelo/classificação , Fraturas do Tornozelo/fisiopatologia , Estatura/fisiologia , Moldes Cirúrgicos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Consolidação da Fratura/fisiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/fisiopatologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Fraturas Salter-Harris/classificação , Fraturas Salter-Harris/fisiopatologia , Fraturas da Tíbia/classificação , Fraturas da Tíbia/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the application value of three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology in the operation of distal tibia fracture involving epiphyseal plate injury for teenagers. Methods: The retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 16 cases of children patients with distal tibia fracture involving epiphyseal plate injury undergoing the operation by using of 3-D printing technology between January 2014 and December 2015. There were 12 males and 4 females with an age of 9-14 years (mean, 12.8 years). The causes of injury included traffic accident injury in 9 cases, heavy pound injury in 3 cases, and sport injury in 4 cases. The time from injury to operation was 3-92 hours (mean, 25.8 hours). According to Salter-Harris typing standard, the typing for epiphyseal injury was classified as type â ¡ in 11 cases, type â ¢ in 4 cases, and type â £ in 1 case. The thin slice CT scan on the affected limb was performed before operation, and the Mimics14.0 medical software was applied for the design and the 1â¶1 fracture model was printed by the 3-D printer; the stimulation of operative reduction was made in the fracture model, and bone plate, Kirschner wire, and hollow screw with the appropriate size were chosen, then the complete operative approach and method were designed and the internal fixator regimen was chosen, then the practical operation was performed based on the preoperative design regimen. Results: The operation time was 40-68 minutes (mean, 59.1 minutes); the intraoperative blood loss was 5-102 mL (mean, 35 mL); the intraoperative fluoroscopy times was 2-6 times (mean, 2.8 times). All the patiens were followed up 12-24 months (mean, 15 months). The fracture of 15 cases reached anatomic reduction, and 1 cases had no anatomic reduction with the displaced end less than 1 mm. All the fractures reached bony union with the healing time of 2-4 months (mean, 2.6 months). There was no deep vein thrombosis, premature epiphyseal closure and oblique, or uneven ankle surface occurred, and there was no complication such as osteomyelitis, varus or valgus of ankle joint, joint stiffness, traumatic arthritis. Helfet scores of ankle function were measured at 12 months after operation, the results were excellent in 15 cases and good in 1 case. The angulation of introversion and extroversion for the affected limb was (6.56±2.48)°, and the growth length was (4.44±2.31) mm, and there was no significant difference ( t=0.086, P=0.932; t=0.392, P=0.697) when compared with the uninjured side [(6.50±1.51)°, (4.69±1.08) mm]. Conclusion: As the assistive technology, 3-D printing technology has a certain clinical application value in improving the effectiveness of distal tibia fracture involving epiphyseal plate injury.
Assuntos
Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Impressão Tridimensional , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Lâmina de Crescimento , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tíbia , Fraturas da TíbiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Distal radial physeal fractures with volar displacement are rare. Several methods of operative treatment include volar plate without inserting distal screws, percutaneous technique using two anterior skin incisions and reversed Kapandji technique with pins introduced through a posterior approach and locked at the anterior cortex of the fracture. METHODS: We report three cases along with a literature review of the surgical techniques described in the past and a novel surgical technique for this uncommon fracture termed "Volar Kapandji". RESULTS: All patients had anatomic reduction at the last follow-up radiography, and all patients had a full range of motion and VAS 0 at the last follow-up. No complications were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: This case study presents the minimally invasive option for treating rare cases of physeal distal radius fractures with volar displacement. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V.
Assuntos
Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fraturas do Rádio/cirurgia , Fraturas Salter-Harris/cirurgia , Adolescente , Pinos Ortopédicos , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia , Fraturas do Rádio/diagnóstico por imagem , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Fraturas Salter-Harris/diagnóstico por imagem , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The so-called transitional fractures describe articular fractures in adolescents with partial closure of the epiphyseal growth plate. This shows a specific stereotype fracture pattern, which can be differentiated into biplane, triplane I and triplane II fractures depending on the involvement of the metaphysis and the number of fragments. The diagnostics and therapy can differ from fractures where the epiphyseal growth plate is still open. The main focus for surgical treatment is the reconstruction of the articular surface whereas relevant growth disturbances no longer need to be feared when the epiphysis has already begun to close.