A surgical approach in the treatment of preputial gland abscesses in mice.

BACKGROUND: Preputial gland infection is a common occurrence in non-breeder male mice and can lead to abscesses. This report describes a surgical approach to treating and preventing this condition. RESULTS: Surgical removal of the glands was undertaken in 258 male C3H/HeNHsd mice. The glands were successfully removed in all of the animals with a low rate of post-surgery complications. Abscess recurrence due to incomplete gland resection occurred in 2.3% of animals. Surgical wound opening (3.1%) and infection of the surgical site (2.3%) also occurred but were treated successfully. CONCLUSION: In the study described here, early intervention was successful in preventing intercurrent infection compromising both animal welfare and the outcome of the study.

Skene's gland cyst excision.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: We review our experience with long-term outcome after Skene's gland cyst excision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After receiving institutional review board approval, we reviewed a surgical database of all procedures performed by two surgeons at one institution for Skene's gland cyst excision. Parameters evaluated include presenting symptoms, preoperative evaluation, excision site, perioperative complications, and clinical outcomes. The technique of surgical excision is presented in the accompanying video, and includes cystoscopy, dissection of cyst wall from the floor of the urethra, complete removal of the cyst wall, and primary vaginal-wall closure. RESULTS: From 2001 to 2013, ten women underwent Skene's gland cyst excision. Mean follow-up was 3.5 years (range 3-96 months). Presenting symptoms were dyspareunia (4), urinary tract infections (4), vaginal mass (1), and voiding dysfunction (1). Five patients had more than one presenting symptom. To exclude urethral diverticulum, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done in all patients and a voiding cystourethrogram in five. No perioperative complications were reported. A distal meatoplasty was done in two women. No recurrence occurred. Eight of ten women who were sexually active remained sexually active postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Excision of Skene's gland cyst is a safe procedure with acceptable long-term functional outcomes.

Adenocarcinoma of the paraurethral glands: a case report.

Adenocarcinoma of the paraurethral glands represents a very rare neoplasm of the urinary tract. Due to the rarity of this disease, there is no standard therapeutic approach. We report a case of adenocarcinoma of the paraurethral glands in a 56-year-old woman, presenting with abnormal serous vaginal discharges. The radiologic examination revealed a 5-cm mass around the urethra, which underwent surgical resection. After surgical resection, the histology revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, probably arising from the paraurethral glands. One month later, a pelvic recurrent mass was radiologically diagnosed; consequently, an anterior pelvic exenteration with lymph node dissection was performed. Histological examination revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, with glandular and micropapillary architecture, with multiple lymph node metastases. The absence of modifications such as urethritis cystic glandularis on the urethral mucosa, as well as the lack of a lesion in situ, associated with the immunohistochemical expression of PAX8 and negativity for GATA3 and S100p, suggested that the adenocarcinoma originated from the paraurethral glands rather than from the urethral mucosa. Post-surgery CT scans revealed no evidence of metastatic disease. The patient received 6 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel. One year after the pelvic exenteration, because of inguinal lymph node progression, an inguinal lymphadenectomy was performed. Four months later, a TC-PET revealed a multidistrectual lymph node and a lung micronodule disease progression. Invasive micropapillary carcinomas have been characterized as a rare distinctive variant of carcinomas in several anatomic sites and are distinguished by a marked tendency to lymphovascular invasion, justifying the association with high-stage disease and poor prognosis. In the present case, both the poor prognosis connected with micropapillary structure and the lymph node involvement, encouraged adjuvant cisplatinum-based chemotherapy.

Suture anchor placement technique around the insertion of the ventral rectus muscle for the replacement of the prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs: 100 dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a rapid and efficacious procedure to anchor the prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 100 affected dogs (122 eyes) with third eyelid gland prolapse that were surgically anchored with a nonabsorbable suture around the insertion of the ventral rectus muscle. RESULTS: Hundred dogs (122 eyes) were included in this study. Twenty-three pure-bred and several mixed-breed dogs were represented with the right eye affected in 60 cases and the left eye in 62 cases. Thirty-four eyes (27.9%) were previously operated on at another facility prior to referral. The average age of the patients was 2.2 years (57 days to 11 years). No recurrences of gland prolapse were observed over the course of study. Minor intraoperative conjunctival perforations were observed and easily repaired at the time of the surgery in 21 cases (17.2%). Five cases demonstrated preexistent keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), and all had improved Schirmer tear test following surgical correction and medical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The suture anchor placement technique provides a cosmetic, rapid, and successful replacement of the prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs. No recurrences were noted. Complications were easily addressed.

Sequential therapy for gonococci inflammation of paraurethral glands in males.

OBJECTIVE: To approach the method of sequential therapy in gonococcal inflammation of the paraurethral glands around the external urethral orifice in males. METHODS: Step one: ceftriaxone sodium (1 g intramuscularly (IM) once daily for 5 days) was used for all patients. Step two: refractory patients from step one were treated with incision and drainage, followed by administration of IM ceftriaxone sodium. Step three: patients' sinus tracts were cauterized with a monopulse CO(2) laser. RESULTS: After step one, 34 patients recovered (recovery rate 70.83%). However, 14 patients were unaffected, and sinus tracts appeared in two patients. After step two, 11 of 14 patients recovered and three patients developed sinus tracts, two of whom had sinus tracts in step one that did not heal in step two. After step three, all patients with sinus tracts that had been treated with monopulse CO(2) laser therapy recovered in 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: This sequential therapy can be used to successfully treat gonococcal inflammation of the paraurethral glands around the external urethral orifice in males.

[Electrocoagulation of the paraurethral glands (Reiser's operation) in women with urethro-cystalgia]. / L'électrocoagulation des glandes para-urétrales (opération de Rieser) dans les uréthro-cystalgies de la femme.

One hundred nineteen cases of women with chronic urethrocystalgia were reviewed. The symptoms were dominated by urethral burning (83%) and pollakiuria (75%). Electrosection of the paraurethral glands according to Rieser's technique and resection of the urethral floor (100% of cases) were combined with hymeneoplasty in 9% of cases. The results concern 67 women with a mean follow-up of 6 years: cure: 36%; marked improvement: 34%; no change: 30%. The authors discuss the presence of paraurethral glands, their role in the urethrocystalgia syndrome and the place of Rieser's operation in their treatment.

Pancreas transplantation with pancreatico-duodeno-cystostomy for exocrine drainage: cystographic findings.

Pancreatic transplantation is becoming accepted therapy for a select subset of patients with type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes. At many centers, whole-organ transplants with pancreatico-duodeno-cystostomy for drainage of exocrine secretions is the preferred surgical procedure. We obtained 21 cystograms in nine patients who underwent this procedure who were suspected of having anastomotic leaks and possible abscess. Positive findings included extrinsic bladder compression (nine patients), filling of the transplanted duodenal segment (three patients), edematous bladder wall (four patients), intraperitoneal (two patients) and extraperitoneal (four patients) leaks, and fistulae (two patients). Intraperitoneal extravasation resulted in abscess formation and cutaneous fistulae, and these transplants were subsequently removed. We conclude that cystography is a useful technique in evaluating the site and extent of anastomotic leaks and fistulae.