A Practical Algorithm for Integrating Skincare to Improve Patient Outcomes and Satisfaction With Energy-Based Dermatologic Procedures.

BACKGROUND: Medical aesthetic procedures for facial antiaging with laser and energy-based devices (EBDs) are rapidly increasing, but standards integrating skincare before, during, and after these treatments are lacking. The algorithm for integrated skin care for facial antiaging treatment with EBDs aims to stimulate healing, reduce downtime, and improve comfort and treatment outcomes. METHODS: A panel of 8 global physicians employed a modified Delphi method and reached a consensus on the algorithm integrating skincare based on the best available evidence, the panel's clinical experience, and opinions. RESULTS: The algorithm has a pretreatment (starts 2 - 4 weeks before the procedure) and treatment (day of treatment) section, followed by care after the procedure (0 - 7 days) and follow-up care (1 - 4 weeks after the procedure or ongoing). Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF 50 or higher, combined with protective measures such as wearing a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses, is recommended to protect the face from sun exposure. Dyschromia is a significant concern for those with skin of color (SOC). Clinicians may recommend skincare using a gentle cleanser and moisturizer containing vitamins C and E, retinoid, or other ingredients such as niacinamide, kojic acid, licorice root extract, azelaic acid, and tranexamic acid, depending on the patient's facial skin condition. CONCLUSION: Medical aesthetic procedures for facial antiaging with EBDs integrating skincare or topical treatments may improve outcomes and patient satisfaction. Topical antioxidants and free radical quenchers can combat photodamage and may offer a safe alternative to topical hydroquinone.  J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(5):353-359.     doi:10.36849/JDD.8092.

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Freshwater Sapropel Extracts: In Vitro Analysis and Antioxidant Profiling for Skincare Applications.

Background and Objective: Sapropel, a biologically active sedimentary deposit, is high in organic matter and minerals and has been shown to offer health benefits. Its constituents, humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), have been found to have some therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to determine the potential therapeutically significant properties of freshwater sapropel extracts: their polyacid content, antioxidative (AO) status, and biological activity in cell culture. Materials and Methods: Freshwater lakes from the southeast region of Latvia were investigated layer by layer. The total organic carbon (TOC) was determined through combustion using the catalytic oxidation method, HA and FA were measured via acid perspiration, and the total polyphenol content (TPC) and total antioxidant status (TAS) was analysed spectrophotometrically. Sapropel extracts' regenerative abilities were tested in vitro using a Cell-IQ real-time monitoring system on mouse BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts and human keratinocyte HaCaT cell lines. Cytotoxicity was measured through neutral red uptake assessment as a concentration-dependent reduction in the uptake of neutral red dye relative to a vehicle control or untreated cells. Results: The highest AO activity was observed in sapropel extracts with elevated concentrations of HA and TPC from Audzelu Lake (1.08 ± 0.03 mmol/L), and the lowest activity was found in extracts from Ivusku Lake (0.31 ± 0.01 mmol/L). Correspondingly, the concentrations of HA in Audzelu and Ivusku Lakes were recorded as 45.2 and 27.4 mg/g, respectively. High concentrations of HA promoted in vitro cell growth upon short-term exposure (up to 6 h). Conclusions: The results show that high TPC correlates with AO status and sapropel extracts with higher concentrations of HA exhibit greater AO activity and promote in vitro cell growth, suggesting a perspective use for short-term topical therapeutic skin applications. However, higher concentrations over longer durations showed cytotoxic effects, indicating the need for further investigation.

Combining topical dermal infused exosomes with injected calcium hydroxylapatite for enhanced tissue biostimulation.

BACKGROUND: Exosome research continues to flourish. Subsequent knowledge surrounding indications, dose-response, safety, efficacy, and the ability to combine exosome treatment as a "skin primer"-for biostimulation modalities such as calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) is growing rapidly. The objective of this study was to develop safe, reproducible methods of improving topical exosome absorption to enhance the quality of skin either by themselves, or in combination with injectable CaHA. METHODS: Under IRB Approval (International Cell Surgical Society: ICSS-2022-007), 40 patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty patients underwent facial biostimulatory dermal infusion alone, to determine if this method allowed adequate exosome absorption. Five patients underwent facial biostimulatory infusion followed immediately by Dilute CaHA injection (1:1 dilution) to the face. Five patients underwent exosome biostimulatory dermal infusion followed immediately by hyperdilute CaHA (dilution 1:4) injection to the neck. Five patients underwent Facial Dilute CaHA injection (1:1 dilution) alone, without dermal infusion. Five patients underwent neck hyperdilute CaHA injection (1:4 dilution) alone, without dermal infusion. All patients had pretreatment Quantificare 3-D photo-documentation and skin analysis (Quantificare, France). In all patients, the skin was first cleansed with a gentle glycolic acid facial wash (Gregory MD). To induce a "homing inflammatory environment" for the exosomes, sea salt exfoliation was performed (SaltFacial®, SaltMed, Cardiff, CA). A nitric oxide-generating serum (N101 Pneuma Nitric Oxide, Austin, TX) was then applied to act as an enhanced vehicle for absorption. A 3 MHz ultrasound (SaltFacial®, SaltMed, Cardiff, CA) was then utilized to further deepen the absorption of the nitric oxide serum. A topical emulsion containing equal volumes (1.0 cc containing 1 million) of exosomes (Kimera Labs, Miramar, FL), 25 units of botulinum toxin (Xeomin, Merz Aesthetics, Raleigh, NC) and hyaluronic acid (Belatero, Merz Aesthetics, Raleigh, NC) was mixed via back-and-forth propulsion in a 3-cc syringe. When adequately mixed, the emulsion was then applied to the treatment areas. The cavitating ultrasound was then used to aid in the absorption of the emulsion. The patients were then treated with high-intensity LED therapy (SaltFacial®, SaltMed, Cardiff, CA), utilizing the collagen restoration preset program of combination red (660 nm) near-infrared (930 nm) wavelength for 20 min. Post-treatment Quantificare analysis was performed at 15 and 30 days after treatment. RESULTS: Without exception, all dermal infusion alone and CaHA injection alone patients showed an improvement in the tone, quality, and texture of their skin. Quantificare results showed consistent improvement in wrinkles, pores, skin evenness, improved vascularity, and a reduction in oiliness and unwanted pigment. When employed as a skin primer prior to injections (CaHA), enhanced and more rapid results were seen. CONCLUSIONS: Biostimulatory dermal infusion can be achieved utilizing topical placental mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. These exosomes can be used alone, or mixed with ancillary ingredients such as botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid dermal filler, and CaHA to customize and personalize treatments based upon individual patient needs. Topical absorption is enhanced with sea salt exfoliation, a topical nitric oxide-generating serum, and 3 MHz cavitating ultrasound. Post-absorption activity is enhanced with high-intensity LED treatment. The addition of CaHA injections after the topical exosome "priming of the skin" yielded enhanced skin quality faster than exosomes or CaHA alone.

A Review of the Challenges and Nuances in Treating Rosacea in Asian Skin Types Using Cleansers and Moisturizers as Adjuncts.

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is primarily an inflammatory disease of facial skin associated with impaired skin barrier function. While it is commonly thought of as a Caucasian person's disease, it is likely underdiagnosed in people of color, including Asians, leading to missed and delayed diagnoses and increased morbidity. The purpose of this review is to highlight literature on rosacea in Asian people and the role of non-prescription skincare in managing rosacea. METHODS: Four dermatologists (the panel) completed pre-meeting surveys and participated in a web meeting to discuss the role of skin care in treating rosacea in the Asia Pacific (APAC) region. The survey results were summarized, then presented during the virtual meeting. These survey results and relevant papers identified through a literature review were then discussed. This review shows the fruit of these discussions, as well as the advisors' expert opinions and experiences. RESULTS: The panel crafted 5 consensus statements regarding the role of skin care in the treatment of rosacea in the APAC region. The most common forms of rosacea seen by the advisors are mostly erythematous and papulopustular. Among the panel, doxycycline is the most popular treatment for papulopustular rosacea. The panel prioritize gentleness when choosing skincare products for patients with rosacea. CONCLUSIONS: In Asian patients with rosacea, adjunctive skincare is an important part of treatment, maintenance, and prescription treatment. Given the highly sensitive skin of certain Asian patients with rosacea, avoiding potentially irritating substances is crucial. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(1):45-53. doi:10.36849/JDD.7021.

Novel Approaches for the Application of Herbs for Skin Care.

Skin is the largest non-parenchymal organ of the human body. It constitutes a natural barrier against pathogens and harmful environmental exposures and contributes to the human body's homeostasis. Conditions affecting the skin range from infections and injury to autoimmune diseases and cancer. Herbs have been used to treat dermatological conditions for a long time. Traditional approaches to delivering herbs to the skin include ointments, gels, creams, and lotions. However, poor lipophilicity or hydrophilicity in most herbal preparations results in limited bioavailability and poor penetration, restricting their effectiveness. Nanotechnology-based approaches have major potential, showing more promising results in enhancing transdermal penetration than traditional approaches. This review article summarizes such advances and sheds light on future directions in using nanotechnology-based strategies.

Cuidados de enfermagem com crianças e adolescentes com epidermólise bolhosa: revisão sistemática / Cuidados de enfermería a niños y adolescente con epidermólisis ampollosa: revisión sistemática / Nursing care for children and adolescents with epidermolysis bullosa: a systematic review

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a produção científica referente às ações/Intervenções de Enfermagem no ambiente hospitalar relacionadas ao cuidado com crianças e adolescentes com epidermólise bolhosa. Métodos Revisão sistemática, cuja busca se deu nas bases Cinahl, MEDLINE®/PubMed®, SCOPUS, LILACS e SciELO, realizada no período de setembro de 2020 a janeiro de 2021. Para a busca, foram utilizados os descritores "epidermólise bolhosa" AND "criança" AND "adolescente" AND "enfermagem", nas bases Lilacs e SciELO, e "epidermolysis bullosa" AND "children" AND "adolescent" AND, "nursing" nas demais bases em inglês. Resultados Houve maior registro de artigos publicados com base na pergunta norteadora tendo como país de origem os Estados Unidos (22%). A maioria da classificação era no nível VI (44%) da evidência científica. Ainda, 86% dos estudos envolveram pesquisas para o plano de cuidados. As evidências encontradas decorreram de opiniões de especialistas, estudos de casos e consenso. Os fatores de cuidados mais citados foram planos de cuidados voltados à pele; troca de fraldas; cuidados com as roupas e uso de coberturas antiaderentes. Conclusão As pesquisas reportaram dificuldades quanto à disponibilidade de materiais, tratamento e profissionais especializados, além das limitações dos conhecimentos na prática clínica voltada às características da epidermólise bolhosa. Dentre os cuidados, houve destaque para informação sobre a complexidade e as características da ferida como forma de antecipar as estratégias de cuidado.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la producción científica referente a las acciones/intervenciones de enfermería en el ambiente hospitalario relacionadas con el cuidado a niños y adolescentes con epidermólisis ampollosa. Métodos Revisión sistemática, cuya búsqueda se realizó en las bases Cinahl, MEDLINE®/PubMed®, SCOPUS, LILACS y SciELO, realizada en el período de septiembre de 2020 a enero de 2021. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron los descriptores "epidermólisis ampollosa" AND "niño" AND "adolescente" AND "enfermería", en las bases Lilacs y SciELO, y "epidermolysis bullosa" AND "children" AND "adolescent" AND, "nursing" en las demás bases en inglés. Resultados Con base en la pregunta orientadora, hubo un mayor registro de artículos publicados que tenían como país de origen Estados Unidos (22 %). La mayoría de la clasificación era de nivel VI (44 %) de la evidencia científica. Además, el 86 % de los estudios incluyeron investigaciones en el plano de los cuidados. Las evidencias encontradas derivaban de opiniones de especialistas, estudios de casos y consenso. Los factores de cuidados más citados fueron planos de cuidados orientados a la piel, cambio de pañales, cuidados con la ropa y uso de coberturas antiadherentes. Conclusión Las investigaciones indicaron dificultades en cuanto a la disponibilidad de material, tratamiento y profesionales especializados, además de las limitaciones de conocimientos en la práctica clínica orientada hacia las características de la epidermólisis ampollosa. Entre los cuidados, se destacó la información sobre la complejidad y las características de la herida como forma de anticipar las estrategias de cuidado.

Abstract Objective To analyze the scientific production regarding actions/Nursing Interventions in hospital environments related to the care of children and adolescents with epidermolysis bullosa. Methods This is a systematic review, which was searched in the CINAHL, MEDLINE®/PubMed®, Scopus, LILACS and SciELO databases, carried out from September 2020 to January 2021. For the search, the descriptors "epidermólise bolhosa" AND "criança" AND "adolescente" AND "enfermagem" were used, in Portuguese, in the LILACS and SciELO databases, and "epidermolysis bullosa" AND "children" AND "adolescent" AND "nursing" in the other databases. Results There was a greater number of articles published based on the guiding question having the United States as the country of origin (22%). Most of the classification was at level VI (44%) of scientific evidence. Still, 86% of studies involved research for the care plan. The evidence found resulted from expert opinions, case studies and consensus. The most cited care factors were skin care plans, diaper changing, clothing care and non-stick coating use. Conclusion The surveys reported difficulties regarding the availability of materials, treatment and specialized professionals, in addition to limitations of knowledge in clinical practice focused on the characteristics of epidermolysis bullosa. Among the care, there was emphasis on information about the wound complexity and characteristics as a way of anticipating care strategies.

Supplement Article: Skin Barrier Deficiency in Rosacea: An Algorithm Integrating OTC Skincare Products Into Treatment Regimens.

INTRODUCTION: Rosacea is a chronic condition involving inflammation leading to a diminished skin barrier function in sebaceous gland-rich facial skin. The current algorithm represents part II of a series investigating similar topics associated with preventing, treating, and maintaining rosacea, including ceramides-containing skincare. METHODS: The consensus process consisted of a modified Delphi technique. A previously published review by the US Cutaneous Rosacea Outcomes (USCRO) group on skin barrier deficiency in rosacea and the integration of over-the-counter (OTC) products and skincare recommended for rosacea treatment and maintenance informed the development of the current algorithm. The selected information from the literature searches, coupled with the USCRO group's opinion and experience, was used to develop, discuss, and reach a consensus on an evidence-based clinical treatment and maintenance algorithm focusing on rosacea phenotypes. RESULTS: The algorithm includes foundational measures to be taken by all patients with rosacea and rosacea-prone skin. These measures include education, behavioral modifications, avoidance of triggers and skin irritants, preventative skincare, and sun avoidance and sunscreen use. The algorithm further describes how assessment of skin condition and grading of cutaneous rosacea should take place during treatment and maintenance while the preventative measures continue. CONCLUSIONS: Prescription medications combined with gentle cleansers, moisturizers, and sunscreen support a successful rosacea therapy. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022;21:9(Suppl 1):s3-10.

A Consensus on Stomal, Parastomal, and Peristomal Complications.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a consensus on terminology used to define stomal, parastomal, and peristomal complications in Australia. METHODS: A list of stomal, parastomal, and peristomal complications was generated through group dialogue, which was informed by clinical and academic knowledge of the researchers. An extensive literature review was undertaken to identify any additional terms and to create a database of definitions/descriptions. A library of images related to the identified conditions was generated. An online Delphi process was conducted among a representative, purposive sample of Australia expert wound, ostomy, and continence nurses and colorectal surgeons. Ten terms were presented to the panel with descriptive photographs of each complication. Up to three Delphi rounds and, if necessary, a priority voting round were conducted. RESULTS: Seven of the 10 terms reached agreement in the first round. One term ( allergic dermatitis ) was refined ( allergic contact dermatitis ) and reached agreement in the second round. Two terms ( mucocutaneous granuloma and mucosal granuloma ) were considered by the panel to be the same condition in different anatomical locations and were combined as one term ( granuloma ). Two terms ( skin stripping and tension blisters ) were combined as one term ( medical adhesive-related skin injury ) and reached agreement in round 2. CONCLUSIONS: A consensus in terminology used to describe stomal or parastomal/peristomal complications will enhance communication among patients and health professionals and advance opportunities for education and benchmarking of stomal, parastomal, and peristomal complications nationally.

Senotherapeutic Drugs: A New Avenue for Skincare?

SUMMARY: Skin aging is an outward manifestation of other cellular and molecular aging processes occurring elsewhere in the body. These processes are known collectively as the "hallmarks" of aging, which are a series of basic health maintenance mechanisms that fail over time. Cellular senescence is one of the most studied of the hallmarks of aging; senescent cells accumulate over time and are major drives of the aging process. Here, we discuss the impact of cellular senescence in the context of skin aging, and discuss the emerging landscape of interventions designed for their selective removal by targeted cell death (senolytics) or rejuvenation (senomorphics). We discuss the serotherapeutic strategies that are currently under investigation for systemic aging, which may bring eventual benefits for skin health. Next, we discuss a newly discovered hallmark of aging, dysregulated mRNA processing, which can be targeted for the senomorphic effect. Finally, we highlight a new modality for manipulation of disrupted mRNA processing, oligonucleotide therapeutics. The emerging field of senotherapeutics is set to revolutionize how we view and treat skin aging, and senotherapies are now poised to become a new class of skincare interventions.

Care of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi in Newborns and Infants: Review and Management Recommendations.

A pediatric dermatology expert working group performed a narrative review to describe care related to congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) in neonates and infants. There are no published guidelines for most aspects of care, including routine skin care and visit intervals. Few guidelines exist for surgical management; newer recommendations favor conservative practice. Emerging evidence contributes to recommendations for screening MRI to evaluate for neural melanosis and related central nervous system complications, however, more research is needed. Risk for melanoma is generally low, but those with large, giant, or multiple CMN have a higher risk. Multidisciplinary care, with a focus on family and patient preferences, is of paramount importance. Without standardized screening and management guidelines, questions abound regarding appropriate physical examination intervals, potential treatment including full or partial excision, timing and frequency of imaging, melanoma risk, and assessment for neural melanosis. This review highlights the current state of knowledge concerning care of patients with CMN, reveals gaps in the literature surrounding skin care, and provides management recommendations. We additionally discuss cutaneous complications of CMN, such as pruritus, hypertrichosis, and wound healing. Resources and references for families and providers can help patients navigate this sometimes challenging diagnosis. Finally, we contribute expert care recommendations to the current body of literature as a foundation for the development of future, more comprehensive care guidelines.

[Antalgic effects of socio-aesthetics in cancer patients]. / Effets antalgiques de la socio-esthétique chez les patients atteints de cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Socio-aesthetics is the delivery appropriate beauty care in a population weakened by a physical, psychological and/or social attack. It has found its place in indications in both medical (especially in oncology) and social settings. It offers many types of treatments including facials, foot beauty, make-up, wig tips, body massage, product advice, cosmetic manicure, varnishing… The main purpose of this study was to evaluate pain reduction as a result of socio-aesthetics. METHODS: One hundred and eighty patients were offered a socio-aesthetic session between 12/01/2018 and 11/30/2019. One hundred and fifty-seven (87,2%) accepted the care (56.7% of women/43.3% of men, regardless of the type of cancer) and all agreed to complete a questionnaire on the type of treatment received, the benefits felt and a Likert pain assessment scale before and after the treatment. RESULTS: No patient experienced an increase in pain after the socio-aesthetic care. In the general population, the mean pain evaluation was rated at 1.31/10 and 0.78/10 before and after the session respectively, p<10-5. By selecting patients experiencing pain before treatment (40 patients, 28.0% of the total population), the mean pain evaluation was 4.27/10 and 2.52/10 before and after the treatment respectively, p<10-5. Pain was significantly reduced by massage. No patient found the socio-aesthetic treatment unnecessary. CONCLUSION: Socio-aesthetics is definitely a supportive care in oncology as it is significantly analgesic. It is easily accepted by men and regardless of the type of cancer. Researchers should conduct more studies on its impact on the quality of life.

Evidence of Barrier Deficiency in Rosacea and the Importance of Integrating OTC Skincare Products into Treatment Regimens.

BACKGROUND: Rosacea, an inflammatory skin disease that leads to an impaired skin barrier function commonly involves the face. Symptoms of rosacea can be bothersome and include pain, stinging, burning, itching, and facial flushing. This review explored skin barrier impairment in rosacea and reduced symptomatology when using over the counter (OTC) skincare products. METHODS: Nine dermatologists (the panel) completed a survey on OTC products they recommend for rosacea. The survey results were summarized, presented, and discussed during the online meeting, together with the results of a literature review. The outcome of these discussions, coupled with the panel's expert opinion and experience, is shown in the current review. RESULTS: Addressing barrier dysfunction by use of moisturizer and cleanser formulations that restore skin hydration, normalize skin pH, restore the microbiome, and skin lipids can assist in improving rosacea signs and symptoms. The panel's consensus was that in addition to the use of prescription medications, skincare recommendations are a crucial part of successful rosacea therapy. In addition to occlusives and humectants, barrier restoring ingredients such as ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and niacinamide were considered beneficial. Equally important was the absence of potentially irritating substances. CONCLUSIONS: The use of OTC products can improve rosacea symptomatology and signs. As adjuncts, these products are recommended before and during prescription therapy and as part of a maintenance regimen. J Drugs Dermatol. 20(4):384-392. doi:10.36849/JDD.5861 THIS ARTICLE HAD BEEN MADE AVAILABLE FREE OF CHARGE. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO ACCESS THE FULL fTEXT OF THIS ARTICLE WITHOUT LOGGING IN. NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. PLEASE CONTACT THE PUBLISHER WITH ANY QUESTIONS.

Polyphenol treatments increase elastin and collagen deposition by human dermal fibroblasts; Implications to improve skin health.

BACKGROUND: Skin aging is marked by progressive loss in elastin and collagen that causes wrinkling and sagging of skin. Tropoelastin (TE) is the precursor monomer of elastin secreted by cells that cross-links extracellularly to create functional elastic fibers. Cells maintain the capacity to make TE during the aging process. However, the process of extracellular tropoelastin cross-linking diminishes with age. Others have shown that TE production by cells increases with UV exposure. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that polyphenols may help coacervate cell secreted TE due to its elastin binding property and increase insoluble elastin in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Increase in TE production by short term UV exposure may further improve elastin deposition by polyphenols. METHODS: We treated HDFs with polyphenols viz epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) either with or without intermittent (UVA, 12 min three times a week) exposure for 3, 7, and 14 days. RESULTS: Polyphenols increased insoluble elastin deposition several folds as compared to control untreated cells. Furthermore, short UVA light exposure led to several-fold increased TE production in HDFs. Still, UVA exposure alone was unable to increase insoluble elastic fibers. When polyphenols were introduced with UVA exposure, insoluble elastin deposition was further enhanced in HDFs (30-45-fold increase). Polyphenol treatments with UVA exposure also led to increased collagen deposition in cell cultures. Polyphenols also prevented cell oxidation during UVA exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Polyphenols in combination with short exposure to UVA light increase extracellular matrix deposition of elastin and collagen and may improve skin properties.

Rosacea: New Concepts in Classification and Treatment.

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis mainly affecting the cheeks, nose, chin, and forehead. Rosacea is characterized by recurrent episodes of flushing or transient erythema, persistent erythema, phymatous changes, papules, pustules, and telangiectasia. The eyes may also be involved. Due to rosacea affecting the face, it has a profound negative impact on quality of life, self-esteem, and well-being. In addition to general skin care, there are several approved treatment options available for addressing these features, both topical and systemic. For some features, intense pulse light, laser, and surgery are of value. Recent advances in fundamental scientific research have underscored the roles of the innate and adaptive immune systems as well as neurovascular dysregulation underlying the spectrum of clinical features of rosacea. Endogenous and exogenous stimuli may initiate and aggravate several pathways in patients with rosacea. This review covers the new phenotype-based diagnosis and classification system reflecting pathophysiology, and new and emerging treatment options and approaches. We address new topical and systemic formulations, as well as recent evidence on treatment combinations. In addition, ongoing studies investigating novel therapeutic interventions will be summarized.

Regulatory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum-GMNL6 on human skin health by improving skin microbiome.

Bacteria response to their environment by producing some compounds which are used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Some probiotics can regulate immune response and modulate the symptoms of several diseases. Bacteria affect skin response to skin care products. Bacteria are thought to play an important role in acne incidence, skin moisture, and nutrient metabolism, but only a few studies have focused on the extracts of Lactobacillus plantarum in skin care. In this study, we identified that L. plantarum-GMNL6 enhanced collagen synthesis and the gene expression of serine palmitoyltransferase small subunit A. Meanwhile, L. plantarum-GMNL6 reduced the melanin synthesis, the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus, and the proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes. Information from clinical observation during the ointment for external face use in people displayed that the syndromes of skin moisture, skin color, spots, wrinkles, UV spots, and porphyrins were improved. The diversification of human skin microbiomes was affected by smearing the face of volunteers with L. plantarum-GMNL6. Understanding the potential mechanisms of the action of L. plantarum-GMNL6 in dermatologic conditions promotes the development of care products.

Skin cancers in people with albinism in Togo in 2019: results of two rounds of national mobile skin care clinics.

BACKGROUND: In people with albinism (PWA), the deficiency of melanin increase the risk of skin cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin cancers and characteristics of these detected skin cancers (histological types, localization) in PWA in 10 cities in Togo in 2019. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of medical records of PWA systematically examined during two mobile skin care clinics in 2019, as part of a programme for the prevention and management of skin cancers in these subjects. RESULTS: During the study period, 280 (95.2%) of the 294 PWA consulted, had developed skin lesions. Of the 280 PWA, the pathological reports from the medical records of 33 patients (11.8%; (95%CI = [8.2-16.2]) had concluded to non-melanoma skin cancers. The mean age of these 33 patients was 38.6 ± 15.2 years and the sex-ratio was 1. Their occupations were mainly resellers (21.2%), traders (15.2%) and farmers (12.2%). In the 33 patients, 54 cases of non-melanoma skin cancers were identified, with some patients having more than one tumor, and some of them having more than one (histologically confirmed) diagnosis. These 54 non-melanoma skin cancers were divided into 21 cases of invasive squamous cell carcinomas, 2 cases of Bowen's disease and 31 cases of basal cell carcinomas. These non-melanoma skin cancers mainly occurred in the head and neck (33 cases; 61.1%), the upper limbs (15 cases; 27, 8%) and the trunk (4 cases; 7.4%). CONCLUSION: The results of this study show a high prevalence of skin cancers among PWAs in Togo in 2019, only non-melanoma skin cancers. In addition, they illustrate the role of ultraviolet rays with regard to the localization of skin cancers and the occupations of patients. Popularization and compliance with photo protection measures, systematic and regular examination of the skin of these PWAs will allow early detection and treatment of these skin cancers.

Excessive cleansing: an underestimating risk factor of rosacea in Chinese population.

Appropriate skincare is essential in the prevention and management of rosacea. We sought to investigate whether cleansing habits, the initial step of skin care, would influence the onset and progression of rosacea and their associations with clinical features of rosacea in the Chinese population. We analyzed the daily cleansing habits data collected from 999 rosacea cases and 1010 skin-healthy controls from China. Overall, the high frequency of cleansing (more than once daily) (OR = 1.450) and the large amount of cleansers (> 5 pieces/year) (OR = 1.612) presented a positive correlation with rosacea occurring. The cleansing duration and types of cleansers appeared not to be correlated with the onset of rosacea in this study. Significant risk factors also included the deep cleansing habits, such as the overuse of cleansing tool (more than four times/week) (OR 2.179) and oil control and exfoliating behaviors via daily used products (OR 2.435), facial mask (OR 1.459) or projects in beauty salons (OR 2.688). The analysis of the clinical features of rosacea showed that patients who prefer deep cleansing were more prone to present an initial symptom of papule and pustule (OR 1.63-3.15). What is more, using daily exfoliating products presented a positive correlation with the progression of the symptoms from flushing to erythema (OR = 2.01), papule and pustule (OR = 2.28) and telangiectasis (OR = 2.14), and the affected areas from a single area to pan facial (OR = 1.650). In conclusion, excessive cleansing habits were substantial risk factors for the incidence and progression of rosacea in the Chinese population.