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1.
BMC Oral Health ; 24(1): 501, 2024 May 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38725023

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Releasing of metal ions might implicate in allergic reaction as a negative subsequent of the corrosion of Stainless Steel (SS304) orthodontic wires. The aim of this study was to evaluate the corrosion resistance of zinc-coated (Zn-coated) SS orthodontic wires. METHODS: Zinc coating was applied on SS wires by PVD method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Potentiodynamic polarization tests and Tafel analysis methods were used to predict the corrosion behavior of Zn-coated and uncoated SS wires in both neutral and acidic environments. RESULTS: The values of Ecorr ,icorr and Rct ,which were the electrochemical corrosion characteristics, reported better corrosion behavior of Zn-coated SS wires against uncoated ones in both artificial saliva and fluoride-containing environments. Experimental results of the Tafel plot analyses were consistent with that of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses for both biological solutions. CONCLUSION: Applying Zn coating on bare SS orthodontic wire by PVD method might increase the corrosion resistance of the underlying stainless-steel substrate.


Assuntos
Espectroscopia Dielétrica , Teste de Materiais , Fios Ortodônticos , Saliva Artificial , Aço Inoxidável , Zinco , Corrosão , Aço Inoxidável/química , Zinco/química , Saliva Artificial/química , Ligas Dentárias/química , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/química , Fluoretos/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Humanos , Propriedades de Superfície , Potenciometria
2.
Clin Exp Dent Res ; 10(3): e893, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38770579

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The present study reviews the current literature regarding the utilization of the extended finite element method (XFEM) in clinical and experimental endodontic studies and the suitability of XFEM in the assessment of cyclic fatigue in rotary endodontic nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An electronic literature search was conducted using the appropriate search terms, and the titles and abstracts were screened for relevance. The search yielded 13 hits after duplicates were removed, and four studies met the inclusion criteria for review. RESULTS: No studies to date have utilized XFEM to study cyclic fatigue or crack propagation in rotary endodontic NiTi instruments. Challenges such as modelling material inputs and fatigue criteria could explain the lack of utilization of XFEM in the analysis of mechanical behavior in NiTi instruments. CONCLUSIONS: The review showed that XFEM was seldom employed in endodontic literature. Recent work suggests potential promise in using XFEM for modelling NiTi structures.


Assuntos
Endodontia , Análise de Elementos Finitos , Níquel , Titânio , Humanos , Ligas Dentárias/química , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Endodontia/instrumentação , Endodontia/métodos , Teste de Materiais , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Estresse Mecânico
3.
Dental Press J Orthod ; 29(2): e2423282, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38775601

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), flexural strength (FS) and surface alterations between stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy (Ti-MIs) orthodontic mini-implants. METHODS: Twenty-four MIs (2 x 10 mm; SS-MIs, n = 12; Ti-MIs, n = 12) were inserted on artificial bone blocks of 20 lb/ft3 (20 PCF) and 40 lb/ft3 (40 PCF) density. The maximum IT was recorded using a digital torque meter. FS was evaluated at 2, 3 and 4 mm-deflection. Surface topography and chemical composition of MIs were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). General linear and mixed models were used to assess the effect of the MI type, bone density and deflection on the evaluated outcomes. RESULTS: The IT of Ti-MIs was 1.1 Ncm greater than that obtained for the SS-MIs (p= 0.018). The IT for MIs inserted in 40 PCF test blocks was 5.4 Ncm greater than that for those inserted in 20 PCF test blocks (p < 0.001). SS-MIs inserted in higher density bone (40 PCF) had significantly higher flexural strength than the other groups, at 2 mm (98.7 ± 5.1 Ncm), 3 mm (112.0 ± 3.9 Ncm) and 4 mm (120.0 ± 3.4 Ncm) of deflection (p< 0.001). SEM evidenced fractures in the Ti-MIs. EDS revealed incorporation of 18% of C and 2.06% of O in the loaded SS-MIs, and 3.91% of C in the loaded Ti-MIs. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings of this in vitro study, it seems that SS-MIs offer sufficient stability and exhibit greater mechanical strength, compared to Ti-MIs when inserted into higher density bone.


Assuntos
Ligas Dentárias , Implantes Dentários , Resistência à Flexão , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica , Aço Inoxidável , Propriedades de Superfície , Titânio , Torque , Titânio/química , Aço Inoxidável/química , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/instrumentação , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/métodos , Ligas Dentárias/química , Técnicas In Vitro , Espectrometria por Raios X , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Humanos , Estresse Mecânico , Densidade Óssea
4.
J Endod ; 50(7): 1011-1016, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38642733

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of side flattening of cutting flutes on the cyclic resistance and torsional resistance of nickel-titanium files. METHODS: Both novel flattened Platinum V.EU (PL) and standard nonflattened CC Premium V.EU (CC) rotaries were tested. For cyclic fatigue tests, all the files were rotated in an artificial root canal with a curvature of 45° and a radius of 6.06 mm at 300 rpm (n = 15 in each group). The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated. For torsional tests, the files were rotated at 2 rpm clockwise until fracture occurred. The maximum torque value at fracture was measured and the toughness and distortion angle were computed. Subsequently, 5 fragments were randomly selected in each experiment, the cross-section and longitudinal direction of the fragments were photographed using a scanning electron microscope. An unpaired t-test was performed at a significance level of 95%. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in NCF between CC and PL (P < .05). CC showed higher NCF than PL. There was no statistically significant difference between CC and PL with regards to the parameters related to torsional resistance (distortion angle, ultimate strength, and toughness) (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, side flattening of the file did not improve cyclic resistance or torsional resistance of the files. As side flattening may reduce a file's cyclic resistance, such files should be used with caution in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Falha de Equipamento , Níquel , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Titânio , Torção Mecânica , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Teste de Materiais , Desenho de Equipamento , Torque , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Ligas Dentárias/química
5.
Dent Mater J ; 43(3): 329-337, 2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38583993

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate how preset torque settings influence the torque, vertical force, and root canal-centering ability of ProGlider and ProTaper NEXT nickel-titanium rotary instruments in canals with different curvature locations. Based on micro-computed tomography, mesial roots of human mandibular molars (25°-40° curvature) were allocated to the apical curvature (apical 1-5 mm) or the middle curvature (apical 5-9 mm) groups, and mandibular incisors (curvature <5°) to the straight canal group. Each group was subjected to automated instrumentation and torque/force measurement with the preset torque of 1, 2.5, or 5 N•cm. Canal-centering ratios were determined with micro-computed tomography. Instrument fracture occurred only in the 2.5 and 5 N•cm groups in curved canals. The preset torque setting and curvature location did not influence canal shaping ability.


Assuntos
Níquel , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Propriedades de Superfície , Titânio , Torque , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Humanos , Titânio/química , Níquel/química , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Técnicas In Vitro , Cavidade Pulpar , Dente Molar , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Teste de Materiais , Desenho de Equipamento , Ligas Dentárias/química , Análise do Estresse Dentário
6.
J Dent ; 144: 104936, 2024 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38492806

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the three-dimensional (3D) stability and accuracy of additively manufactured surgical templates fabricated using two different 3D printers and materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty surgical templates were designed and printed using two different 3D printers: the resin group (n = 20) used a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer with photopolymer resin, and the metal group (n = 20) employed a selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printer with titanium alloy. All surgical templates were scanned immediately after production and re-digitalized after one month of storage. Similarly, the implant simulations were performed twice. Three-dimensional congruency between the original design and the manufactured surgical templates was quantified using the root mean square (RMS), and the definitive and planned implant positions were determined and compared. RESULTS: At the postproduction stage, the metal templates exhibited higher accuracy than the resin templates (p < 0.001), and these differences persisted after one month of storage (p < 0.001). The resin templates demonstrated a significant decrease in three-dimensional stability after one month of storage (p < 0.001), whereas the metal templates were not affected (p > 0.05). No significant differences in implant accuracy were found between the two groups. However, the resin templates showed a significant increase in apical and angular deviations after one month of storage (p < 0.001), whereas the metal templates were not affected (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Printed metal templates showed higher fabrication accuracy than printed resin templates. The three-dimensional stability and implant accuracy of printed metal templates remained unaffected by one month of storage. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: With superior three-dimensional stability and acceptable implant accuracy, printed metal templates can be considered a viable alternative technique for guided surgery.


Assuntos
Impressão Tridimensional , Titânio , Humanos , Titânio/química , Desenho Assistido por Computador , Lasers , Implantes Dentários , Ligas/química , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/instrumentação , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos , Materiais Dentários/química , Ligas Dentárias/química , Teste de Materiais
7.
J Oral Sci ; 66(1): 60-65, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38233156

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To investigate the surface topography and nickel content of nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires exposed to either routine oral hygiene or a prophylactic regimen with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) during orthodontic treatment. METHODS: This in vivo study involved 40 orthodontic patients with fixed appliances, who were randomly assigned to either a routine oral hygiene group or a CPP-ACP supplementary regimen group. Twenty new NiTi archwires served as controls. All archwires underwent scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy to evaluate their surface topography and elemental composition. The nickel content was quantified as a percentage of total weight and the Ni/Ti ratio, and statistical comparisons were made using pairwise tests. RESULTS: Wires exposed to fluoride toothpaste showed signs of pitting corrosion, deep grooves, and corrosion debris. In contrast, wires exposed to supplementary CPP-ACP exhibited smooth surface areas interspersed with microdefects and deposits. Statistically significant differences in nickel content were found between the new and retrieved archwires, as well as between wires exposed to routine oral hygiene and CPP-ACP (P < 0.001). The archwires exposed to CPP-ACP had the lowest nickel content (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The use of CPP-ACP holds promise for application as a safe anticariogenic agent with possible protective properties during orthodontic treatment.


Assuntos
Fosfatos de Cálcio , Caseínas , Fosfopeptídeos , Humanos , Níquel/química , Titânio/química , Ligas Dentárias/química , Aparelhos Ortodônticos Fixos , Propriedades de Superfície , Teste de Materiais
8.
BMC Oral Health ; 23(1): 825, 2023 10 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37904159

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the phase composition, phase transformation temperatures, bending property, and cyclic fatigue resistance of different heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments with the same tip diameter and taper at room (RT; 25 ± 1 °C) and body (BT; 37 ± 1 °C) temperatures. METHODS: Five heat-treated NiTi rotary instruments, HyFlex EDM (EDM), HyFlex CM (CM), Vortex Blue (VB), RE file CT (RE) and JIZAI, and a non-heat-treated NiTi rotary instrument (Mtwo) with a size 40, 0.04 taper were investigated. Temperature-dependent phase transformation was examined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The bending loads of the instruments at RT and BT were evaluated using a cantilever-bending test. Cyclic fatigue resistance at RT and BT was measured using a dynamic test, during which the instruments were rotated in combination with a 2-mm back-and-forth motion in an artificial curved canal, and the number of cycles to failure (NCF) was determined. The results were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance, a simple main effect test, and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: DSC results indicated that EDM and Mtwo were primarily composed of martensite/R-phase and austenite, respectively, while the other heat-treated instruments were composed of a mix of martensite/R-phase and austenite at the tested temperatures. Regardless of the temperature setting, the bending loads of heat-treated instruments were significantly lower than those of Mtwo (p < 0.05). EDM showed the lowest bending loads and highest NCF at both temperatures (p < 0.05). CM, VB, and JIZAI showed significantly higher bending loads at BT than at RT (p < 0.05). The NCF of all the heat-treated instruments, except VB, was lower at BT than at RT (p < 0.05). At BT, the NCF of CM, VB, RE, and JIZAI were not significantly higher than that of Mtwo (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Heat-treated NiTi instruments exhibited lower bending loads and higher NCF values than Mtwo. However, this tendency was less pronounced at BT than at RT, especially in the NCF values of instruments with a mixture of martensite/R-phase and austenite phases at the tested temperatures.


Assuntos
Temperatura Alta , Titânio , Humanos , Titânio/química , Níquel/química , Temperatura Corporal , Falha de Equipamento , Ligas Dentárias/química , Teste de Materiais , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Estresse Mecânico
9.
BMC Oral Health ; 23(1): 703, 2023 09 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37777753

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To analyse the changes in surface and nickel ion release characteristics of fractured root canal shaping instruments in a simulated body fluid environment. METHODS: A total of 54 new instruments were studied. The instrument groups consisted of five different NiTi alloys and a stainless-steel alloy. To standardize instrument fracture, a torsional type of failure was created on each instrument. The fractured specimens of each instrument group were randomly divided into three static immersion subgroups of 1 h, 7-day, and 30-day (n = 3). Simulated body fluid (SBF) was prepared to mimic human blood plasma by Kokubo&Takadama protocol for ex situ static immersions at 37ºC. The surfaces were examined via scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. To determine the quantitative ion release, the retrieved SBFs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests sought the statistical significance of the nickel ion values(p < 0.05). RESULTS: In 1 h of immersion, the newly formed structures, exhibiting mostly oxygen signals, were widespread and evident on NiTi surfaces. In contrast, fewer structures were detected on the SS surface in that subgroup. In 7 days of immersion, a tendency for a decrease in the density of the new structures was revealed in NiTi groups. The oxygen signals on NiTi group surfaces significantly increased, contrary to their decrease in SS. Signals of sodium, chlorine, and calcium were detected, indicating salt precipitates in groups. In 30 days of immersion, salt precipitates continued to form. The Ni-ion release values in all instrument groups presented significant differences in comparison to the SBF control in all immersion periods(p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in immersion time periods or instrument groups(p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of the presented study, it was concluded that the fractured SS and NiTi root canal instruments release Ni ions in contact with body fluid. However, the Ni ion release values determined during the observation periods are lower than the critical toxic or allergic thresholds defined for the human body. This was due to the ionic dissolution cycle reaching a stable state from 1-hour to 30-day exposure to the body fluid of fractured instruments.


Assuntos
Níquel , Tratamento do Canal Radicular , Humanos , Níquel/química , Ligas , Ligas Dentárias/química , Titânio/química , Íons , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Propriedades de Superfície , Teste de Materiais , Desenho de Equipamento
10.
Int J Oral Sci ; 14(1): 12, 2022 02 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35181648

RESUMO

Various engine-driven NiTi endodontic files have been indispensable and efficient tools in cleaning and shaping of root canals for practitioners. In this review, we introduce the relative terms and conceptions of NiTi file, including crystal phase composition, the design of the cutting part, types of separation. This review also analysis the main improvement and evolution of different generations of engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments in the past 20 years in the geometric design, manufacturing surface treatment such as electropolishing, thermal treatment, metallurgy. And the variety of motion modes of NiTi files to improve resistance to torsional failure were also discussed. Continuous advancements by the designers, provide better balance between shaping efficiency and resistance to of NiTi systems. In clinical practice an appropriate system should be selected based on the anatomy of the root canal, instrument characteristics, and operators' experience.


Assuntos
Níquel , Titânio , Ligas Dentárias/química , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Desenho de Equipamento , Níquel/química , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Titânio/química
11.
Biomed Mater ; 16(6)2021 09 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34517359

RESUMO

The rationale behind the success of nickel free or with extremely low nickel austenitic high manganese and nitrogen stabilized stainless steels is adverse influences of nickel ion on human body. Replacement of nickel by nitrogen and manganese provides a stable microstructure and facilitates better biocompatibility in respect of the conventional 316L austenitic stainless steel (316L SS). In this investigation, biocompatibility of the high-manganese and nitrogen stabilized (Fe-18Cr-22Mn-0.65N) austenitic stainless steel was studied and found highly promising.In vitrocell culture and cell proliferation (MTT) assays were performed on this stainless steel and assessed in respect of the 316L SS. Both the steels exhibited similar cell growth behavior. Furthermore, an enhancement was observed in cell proliferation on the Fe-18Cr-22Mn-0.65N SS after surface modification by ultrasonic shot peening (USP). The mean percent proliferation of the MG-63 cells increased from ≈88% for Un-USP to 98% and 105% for USP 3-2 and USP 2-2 samples, respectively for 5 d of incubation. Interestingly,in vivoanimal study performed in rabbits for 3 and 6 weeks showed callus formation and sign of union without any allergic reaction.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Ligas Dentárias , Próteses e Implantes , Aço Inoxidável , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/toxicidade , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligas Dentárias/química , Ligas Dentárias/toxicidade , Humanos , Manganês/química , Teste de Materiais , Nitrogênio/química , Aço Inoxidável/química , Aço Inoxidável/toxicidade
12.
Microsc Res Tech ; 83(8): 928-936, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32233101

RESUMO

This study was undertaken to assess in vivo the corrosion in two commercial nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic archwires removed from the oral cavity of patients using fluoride mouthwashes. Five volunteers took part in this study on the corrosion behavior of two brands of NiTi archwires (3M and AO (brand of archwire)) during use of two mouthwashes with neutral sodium fluoride 1.1%, one with acidulated fluoride 1.1%, and one with placebo and a control group. Each patient used one mouthwash in three different periods of time for 1 min a day for 30 days. The archwires were assessed with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The values obtained with atomic force microscopy (AFM) were submitted to normality test, two-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's test at a significance level of 5%. The AFM images showed a gradual qualitative increase in the roughness of both types of wire between the treatments: control < placebo < neutral fluoride < acidulated fluoride. The arithmetic average of the roughness and root mean square of the roughness were similar. As for 3M archwires, only the acidulated fluoride group differed statistically from the others. As for AO archwires, the control and placebo groups did not differ from each other, but differed from the other fluoride treatments. The group using neutral fluoride also differed significantly from the acidulated fluoride group. 3M archwires were not affected by daily oral challenges. AO archwires were not affected by daily oral challenges either; their association with fluoride, either neutral or acidulated, increased their roughness.


Assuntos
Ligas Dentárias/química , Níquel/química , Fios Ortodônticos , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Propriedades de Superfície , Titânio/química , Adolescente , Adulto , Corrosão , Cárie Dentária/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Antissépticos Bucais/química , Antissépticos Bucais/farmacologia , Fluoreto de Sódio/química , Fluoreto de Sódio/farmacologia , Desmineralização do Dente/patologia , Adulto Jovem
13.
Niger J Clin Pract ; 23(1): 41-45, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31929205

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study aimed to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of HyFlex EDM (HEDM), Vortex Blue (VB), ProTaper Gold (PG), and OneCurve (OC) nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: About 12 HEDM (25/.~), 12 VB (25/.06), 12 PG (25/.08), and 12°C (25/.06) instruments were included in this study. All the instruments were tested with a 60° angle of curvature and a 3-mm radius of curvature. All the instruments were utilized until fracture occurred, and then the number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U-tests. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: HEDM instruments had the highest cyclic fatigue resistance among all the other instruments (P < 0.05). The OC instruments had a significantly higher fatigue resistance than the PG and VB instruments (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between PG and VB instruments in the NCF (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it was found that the cyclic fatigue resistance was higher for the HEDM instruments than for the VB, PG, and OC instruments.


Assuntos
Ligas Dentárias/química , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Falha de Equipamento , Teste de Materiais , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Ligas , Desenho de Equipamento , Ouro , Humanos , Níquel/química , Titânio/química
14.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater ; 101: 103433, 2020 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31539734

RESUMO

Conventional coarse-grained (CG) biomedical austenitic stainless steel with grain size in the micrometer range was subjected to a novel phase reversion concept involving severe cold deformation, followed by annealing, when the cold deformed martensite reverts to austenite with grain size in the nanometer/ultrafine (NG/UFG) regime (~200-400 nm). The mechanical behavior of CG and NG/UFG steels was studied via load-controlled and displacement-controlled experiments using a nanoindentation technique with the aim to simulate micromotion. The plastic zone associated with the indentation-induced deformed region was characterized by post-mortem electron microscopy of the deformed region to elucidate the deformation mechanism. Nanoscale twinning was the deformation mechanism in steel with grain size in the NG/UFG regime, and contributed to the ductility of high strength steel. In contrast, strain-induced martensite contributed to the ductility of low strength CG steel with micrometer grain size. Interestingly, besides the differences in the mechanical behavior, the biological functions of the two steels were remarkably different. Higher cell attachment, proliferation and higher expression level of prominent proteins, fibronection, actin and vinculin were favored by a surface with grain size in the nanometer regime and was in striking contrast with the surface with micrometer grain size. This behavior is attributed to the differences in the fraction of grain boundaries that are high energy two-dimensional defects. The study advances our understanding of the mechanical behavior of biomaterials and their cellular functions.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Ligas Dentárias/química , Fenômenos Mecânicos , Nanoestruturas/química , Aço Inoxidável/química , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos
15.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1135560

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: To compare the amount of mercury in new and old dental amalgam restorations. Material and Methods: This study analyzed twenty samples of dental amalgam restorations, dividing into two groups. Group 1 consisted of samples of new dental amalgam restoration (n=10) and group 2 consisted of samples of old dental amalgam restoration (5-years old) (n=10). In each group, the mercury involved in the dental amalgam restoration was calculated using the cloud point extraction (CPE) method. The new dental amalgam restorations are taken from the patients' mouth after condensation and analyzed directly after setting. The old dental amalgam restorations are removed from the patients' mouth, after 5 years of use by the patients, and then they are analyzed. The independent-samples t-test was used to analyze the differences (p<0.05). Results: For new amalgam restorations, the mean of mercury was 0.1281 µg/mL, while for old restorations it was 0.1029 µg/mL. There was a significant difference between the new and old amalgam restorations in the amount of mercury available (p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant loss of mercury over a five years period in the patient mouth.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ligas Dentárias/química , Amálgama Dentário , Materiais Dentários , Mercúrio , Iraque
16.
Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg ; 37(7): 442-450, 2019 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31265379

RESUMO

Objective: This study compared the effects of different surface treatments on the surface roughness (Ra), and shear bond strength (SBS) of resin cement to yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) ceramic and nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) base metal alloy, respectively. Materials and methods: Thirty disk-shaped specimens (3 mm height and 10 mm diameter) of each material (Y-TZP and Ni-Cr) were prepared. Both zirconia and metal specimens were randomly assigned to three equal groups, according to the surface treatments (n = 10): sandblasting, sandblasting + Er:YAG laser, and sandblasting + Nd:YAG laser. Resin cement cylinders (4 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness) were placed on each specimen. The SBS tests were performed at a 1 mm per minute crosshead speed through a knife-edge rod after 5000 thermal cycles. The Ra (µm) of the specimens was measured using a profilometer and evaluated topographically by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference, in addition to the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Mann-Whitney U test, were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05). Results: Combined sandblasting and laser treatment of the metal groups led to statistically higher Ra values than sandblasting alone (p < 0.05). For Y-TZP, there were no significant differences between the Ra values of the subgroups (p > 0.05). The SBS of the sandblasted metal group was significantly higher than the other two laser-irradiated groups, whereas the SBS of sandblasted zirconia was only significantly higher than the Nd:YAG laser-irradiated group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Combined laser and sandblasting surface treatments resulted in rougher surfaces than sandblasting alone, especially for the metal specimens. Sandblasting, alone, improved the SBS of resin cement in both metal and zirconia, compared with the laser and sandblasting treatments, combined.


Assuntos
Ligas de Cromo/química , Ligas Dentárias/química , Colagem Dentária/métodos , Corrosão Dentária/métodos , Porcelana Dentária/química , Lasers de Estado Sólido , Cimentos de Resina/química , Ítrio/química , Zircônio/química , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Resistência ao Cisalhamento/efeitos da radiação , Propriedades de Superfície
17.
Int Orthod ; 17(1): 60-72, 2019 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30777734

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Surface topography is a crucial factor in bracket sliding mechanics. Literature on surface roughness of aesthetic archwires is scarce, and there is no study on surface topography of such archwires affected by any sterilization methods. The aim of this study was to compare the surface topography of plain nickel-titanium (NiTi) versus as-received aesthetic coated NiTi wires versus aesthetic wires sterilized by autoclaving or glutaraldehyde immersion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This in vitro study was performed on 80 atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations, 160 profilometry observations, and 40 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images from rectangular wires of the brands 'American Orthodontics, Ortho Organizers, SIA, and Gestenco'. AFM consisted of 8 subgroups of NiTi orthodontic wires, consisting of 4 subgroups of 4 brands of coated orthodontic wires and 4 subgroups of 4 brands of uncoated wires from the same brands. Profilometry consisted of 16 subgroups of NiTi orthodontic wires, consisting of 4 subgroups of 4 brands of coated orthodontic wires and 12 subgroups of 4 brands of uncoated wires from the same brands (4 as-received wire subgroups, 4 autoclaved, and 4 cold-sterilized subgroups). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and AFM images were subjectively evaluated. AFM and profilometry data were analysed statistically (α=0.05). RESULTS: Overall, the difference between surface roughness parameters of coated versus uncoated archwires was not significant (P>0.05). However, surface roughness of brands differed significantly. Mann-Whitney did not show any significant differences between sterilized wires (both sterilization methods together as one group) and unsterilized wires (both unsterilized coated and uncoated as one group) (P>0.460). After excluding plain uncoated NiTi group, the coated wires in 3 sterilization groups (no sterilization, autoclaving, glutaraldehyde) were not significantly different in terms of average overall surface roughness (Ra) and maximum roughness depths (Rq) of different sterilization groups (P>0.1) but the average maximum peak to valley heights (Rz) values of 3 sterilization groups were significantly different (P=0.0415). Dunn test showed that among three post-hoc pairwise comparisons of Rz values, only the comparison of "no sterilization versus autoclaving" was significant (P<0.05) and the other two were non-significant. CONCLUSION: Coating might not affect the surface roughness considerably. Brands have different surface roughnesses. Autoclaving but not cold sterilization might affect the surface roughness of coated archwires.


Assuntos
Microscopia de Força Atômica/métodos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura/métodos , Níquel/química , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Fios Ortodônticos , Esterilização/métodos , Titânio/química , Ligas Dentárias/química , Estética Dentária , Glutaral , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Desenho de Aparelho Ortodôntico , Propriedades de Superfície
18.
J Int Med Res ; 47(2): 803-814, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30616411

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of clinical use on both force retention and the deactivation of closed-coil nickel-titanium (NiTi) springs in a 16-week trial. METHODS: The force-activation curves for NiTi springs were determined before and after clinical use. The rate of tooth movement and maximum force (MF), hysteresis between activation and deactivation, and mean force of the deactivation plateau (MDF) were examined and correlated as a function of 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of clinical use. To recover the force properties, the springs were heat treated at 100°C and the results were compared with the preceding data. RESULTS: A total of 36 springs were analysed. The MF loss after use was 60, 74, 55, and 48 g for the 4-, 8-, 12- and 16-week springs, respectively. Heat treating had little effect on the MF. Clinical use lowered hysteresis by a mean of 180 g*mm compared with the pre-clinical use data, and heat treating increased the hysteresis by a mean of 59 g*mm above the post clinic testing data. The MDF was nominally 100 g less than the MF. Teeth moved approximately 1 mm/month, independent of the force loss. CONCLUSIONS: The loss of MF and the lowering of the MDF was not time dependent. Heat treating can partially recover the mechanical properties of the used springs.


Assuntos
Ligas Dentárias/química , Níquel/química , Fechamento de Espaço Ortodôntico/instrumentação , Fios Ortodônticos , Titânio/química , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Teste de Materiais , Fenômenos Mecânicos , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos
19.
Int Endod J ; 52(1): 86-93, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29858500

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate and compare the canal shaping ability of BioRace, ProTaper NEXT and Genius engine-driven nickel-titanium (NiTi) file systems in extracted mandibular first molars using micro-computed tomography (MCT). METHODOLOGY: Sixty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were randomly divided into three equal groups, according to the instrument system used for root canal preparation (n = 20): BioRace (BR), ProTaper NEXT (PTN) or Genius (GN). Root canals were prepared to the full WL using a crown-down technique up to size 35, .04 taper instruments for BR and GN groups and size 30, .07 taper instruments for the PTN group. MCT was used to scan the specimens before and after canal instrumentation. Changes in dentine volume, the percentage of uninstrumented canal surface and degree of canal transportation were evaluated in the coronal, middle and apical thirds of canals. Data were analysed statistically using one-way analysis of variance and Tuckey's post hoc tests with the significance level set at 5%. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the three groups in the terms of dentine removed after preparation and determination of the root canal volume, or percentage of uninstrumented canal surface (P > 0.05). No significant differences were found between the systems for canal transportation in any canal third (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The shaping ability of the BR, PTN and GN NiTi file systems was equally effective. All instrumentation systems prepared curved root canal systems with no evidence of undesirable changes in 3D parameters or significant shaping errors.


Assuntos
Ligas Dentárias/química , Níquel/química , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Titânio/química , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos , Análise de Variância , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Cavidade Pulpar/anatomia & histologia , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dentina/anatomia & histologia , Dentina/patologia , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Técnicas In Vitro , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/cirurgia , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Propriedades de Superfície
20.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e097, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039297

RESUMO

Abstract To evaluate the torsional properties of engine-driven pathfinding instruments manufactured from different NiTi alloys - R-Pilot (tip size 12.5;.04 taper; M-Wire) and One G (tip size 14;.03 taper; Conventional NiTi). A total of 40 NiTi instruments from engine-driven pathfinding instruments (n = 20) were used. The torsion tests followed ISO 3630-1 (1992). Three millimeters of each instrument tip was fastened to a small load cell by a lever arm linked to the axis of torsion. During the test, the torsion testing machine software measured the maximum torsional strength and angle of rotation (0) before instrument failure. The fractured surface of each instrument was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, a supplementary examination was performed to measure the cross-sectional area and the metal mass volume of each instrument 3 mm from the tip. Data were analyzed using a t-test, with significance level set at 5%. R-pilot had significantly higher torsional strength than did One G (p < 0.05). Regarding the angle of rotation to fracture, One G had higher angles than did R-Pilot (p < 0.05). The supplementary examination showed that R-Pilot had the highest cross-sectional area and volume of metal mass at 3 mm from the tip (p < 0.05). R-pilot (M-Wire NiTi alloy) had a significantly higher torsional strength and One-G (superelastic NiTi alloy) had the highest angle of rotation to fracture.


Assuntos
Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Ligas Dentárias/química , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Ligas/química , Valores de Referência , Estresse Mecânico , Propriedades de Superfície , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Análise de Variância , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Torque , Desenho de Equipamento
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