Plasmablastic lymphoma involving the penis: a previously unreported location of a case with aberrant CD3 expression.

Lymphomas of the penis are rare and can either arise at this site or be a manifestation of systemic disease. We report the case of an elderly man with a plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) involving the uncircumcised penile prepuce. The neoplasm was composed of plasmablasts positive for monotypic immunoglobulin lambda light chain, CD3, CD79a, CD138 and Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER), and was negative for CD2, CD5, CD7, CD20, and PAX5. This case is highly unusual for at least two reasons. The penile foreskin is a rare location for lymphoma and PBL at this site has not been reported. Secondly, the tumour was shown by immunohistochemistry to be positive for the T-cell marker CD3. Lineage ambiguity in terminally differentiated B-cell lymphomas has been reported to be closely related with immune compromise and is associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. The literature on penile lymphomas is also reviewed.

Oropharyngeal plasmablastic lymphoma in a man with human immunodeficiency virus infection: A case report.

Oropharyngeal lymphomas are rare, typically high-grade neoplasms. We describe a case of plasmablastic lymphoma that originated in the oropharynx of a 40-year-old man who was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The diagnosis was based on fine-needle aspiration cytology of the mass followed by histopathologic examination supplemented with immunophenotyping. The mass was excised, but the patient refused antiretroviral therapy, and he died within 6 months of the diagnosis. In HIV-positive patients, non-Hodgkin lymphomas frequently involve sites, including the oropharynx, that are unusual in patients without HIV.

Primary immunoblastic B-cell lymphoma of the cranial vault.

We present the first reported patient with primary immunoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the cranial vault, with a fatal outcome in spite of complete surgical removal.

[Is Dacron carcinogenic? Apropos of a case and review of the literature]. / Le Dacron est-il cancérigène ? A propos d'un cas et revue de littérature.

Primary malignant cardiac tumours are extremely rare. The authors report a case of primary cardiac lymphoma nine years after implantation of a double leaflet mitral valve prosthesis. Malignant lymphoma is a haematological form of sarcoma. Exceptionally rare, it is a tumour of the immune system occurring principally in immuno-depressed patients. It typically presents as a nodular or diffuse myocardial infiltrate explaining its clinical expression as cardiac failure and atrioventricular block. In view of the usual degree of infiltration, surgery is rarely possible. Survival after "pure" medical therapy (chemotherapy alone or associated with radiotherapy) is 6 to 8 months after diagnosis. Dacron has been implicated in the pathogenesis of primary cardiac sarcoma. Oppenheimer demonstrated experimental induction of sarcoma in the rat by subcutaneous implantation of polymers. In conclusion, although primary cardiac lymphoma is a rare condition, it should be considered, as with thrombosis, a possible differential diagnosis of acute dysfunction of cardiac valvular prostheses.

[Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the colon: a rare but possible location. Therapeutic approach. Description of a clinical case and review of the literature]. / Linfoma non-Hodgkin primitivo del colon: una rara, ma possibile localizzazione. Iter terapeutico. Descrizione di un caso clinico e revisione della letteratura.

On the basis of a case of large cell, highly malignant, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the colon, the authors describe the special features of this rare location; the general aspects of this rare pathology of the colon are then considered. The clinical case relates to a large cell, highly malignant, non-Hodgkin's colic lymphoma located in the caecum at two thirds proximally of the ascending colon of which it occupies half the lumen. The patient had come to our observation for a quite aspecific symptomatology characterised by digestive disturbances and a tendency to stipsis. In disaccord with certain literature reports, surgical treatment was considered by the authors the key to the therapeutic approach. Surgical exeresis should be as radical as possible to permit complementary therapies (chemotherapy and radio-therapy) to act with most effectiveness and thus offer the patient a better life.

Primary malignant lymphoma of the ovary: an unusual presentation of a rare disease.

Because the outcome of patients with primary ovarian non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is controversial, we present the incidental finding of a primary malignant lymphoma of the ovary in a 50-year-old patient. Three and a half years following ablative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient is alive and disease free. Ovarian lymphoma is a disease of reportedly poor prognosis. However, many previously reported cases of ovarian lymphoma actually represented ovarian involvement by a more diffuse lymphomatous process. If stringent criteria are used for case selection, true primary ovarian lymphoma is a very rare disease and usually carries a favorable prognosis.

A patient with bilateral primary adrenal lymphoma, presenting with fever of unknown origin and achieving long-term disease-free survival after resection and chemotherapy.

Primary adrenal lymphoma is extremely rare. We describe a 64-year-old female patient who presented with fever of unknown origin. Imaging studies demonstrated bilateral bulky adrenal masses. She underwent bilateral adrenalectomy and the pathological diagnosis was large cell immunoblastic (B-cell) lymphoma. She received adjuvant combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone in the following 6 months. She has been relapse free for 52 months. To the best of our knowledge, this case has the longest disease-free survival among those reported. The present case indicated that primary adrenal lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin and/or suprarenal mass. Chemotherapy following surgical resection may be considered the treatment of choice.

Primary malignant lymphoma of the duodenum: report of a case.

We present a case of long-term survival in primary malignant lymphoma of the duodenum treated with a curative surgical resection and post-operative chemotherapy. A 72 year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of epigastric discomfort. Endoscopy revealed an ulcerative tumor in the duodenal bulb. The tumor was diagnosed histologically as malignant lymphoma by endoscopic biopsy. A distal gastrectomy and duodenal bulb resection were performed with lymph nodes dissection. The tumor was histologically classified as B-cell phenotype, large cell, immunoblastic lymphoma of high grade, according to the Working Formulation. The patient received CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) chemotherapy after the operation, and he has no sign of recurrence during a follow-up period of 6 years.

[Perirenal immunoblastic lymphoma. Description of a case]. / Linfoma immunoblastico perirenale. Descrizione di un caso.

The primary perirenal localization of non-Hodgkin lymphomas is rare and normal methods of image diagnosis do not enable a reliable preoperative diagnosis. In the majority of cases renal function is not affected and this pathology is often presented as an occasional finding. The pathologies included in the differential diagnosis are renal neoplasias, abscess and inflammatory processes in a perirenal site. Echotomography shows the lesion as an hypoanechoic zone surrounding the kidney. Computed tomography show it as isodense with the renal parenchyma. Histological tests together with immunohistochemical tests identified a malignant large B cell immunoblastic-type lymphoma in the case described here, with plasmoblastic-plasmocytic differentiation and high malignancy according to the Working Formulation. The pathogenesis of this rare localisation is controversial. We maintain that lymphomatous proliferation may be triggered off by lymphatic follicles present in the perirenal space. The concomitant presence of other clinical signs, such as splenomegalia and adenopathies, may contribute to the diagnosis. On the contrary, monolateral involvement in the absence of other signs, as in this case, raises considerable problems of differential diagnosis. Perirenal lymphoma must therefore always be borne in mind in the diagnosis of renal or perirenal masses.

Kidney conservation by delayed contralateral autotransplantation in a case of retroperitoneal lymphoma involving the ureter.

Large-cell retroperitoneal lymphoma was partially resected including a long segment of ureter. The proximal end of the ureter was clipped during surgery. A percutaneous nephrostomy was inserted after 48 h. Adjuvant chemotherapy was then delivered and the kidney was autotransplanted to the contralateral iliac fossa. Salvage of a hydronephrotic functioning kidney by nephrostomy and delayed contralateral autotransplantation in a case of huge retroperitoneal tumor involving the ureter has not, to the best of our knowledge, been described previously. This might suggest a reasonable approach for young patients with large retroperitoneal tumors involving long segments of the ureter. Autotransplantation was performed only after a disease-free status was confirmed following chemotherapy.

[Subtonsillar localization of a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Apropos of a case]. / Localisation sous-amygdalienne d'un lymphome non hodgkinien. A propos d'un cas.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the head and neck with a non-lymph node primary site represent the second commonest cause of oropharyngeal tumour, after carcinomas (5). The location in the Waldeyer's ring is classical, most frequently involving the palatine tonsil. The authors report a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in the vestigial lymphoid tissue of the subtonsillar region. They raise the problem of the differential diagnosis, despite the contribution of CT scan.

[Primary localization of malignant lymphoma in the urinary bladder?]. / Primärlokalisation eines malignen Lymphoms in der Harnblase?

We report on the case of a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma with primary location in the urinary bladder of an 83-year-old woman. Diagnosis was established by transurethral resection of the tumor and histological examination. No clinical signs (e.g. alterations of peripheral blood count) or tumor generalization were observed. To date only 86 cases of primary localization of lymphoma in the urinary bladder have been described, whereas secondary involvement occurs in 5.4-13% of cases.