Distribución geográfica y brecha de género en la revisión por pares de una revista científica biomédica en Latinoamérica / Geographic distribution and gender gap in the peer review of a Latin American biomedical scientific journal

La revisión por pares es un proceso importante al permitir tomar decisiones previas a la publicación de un artículo. Sin embargo, existe escasa información en revistas científicas de Latinoamérica sobre los profesionales que participan en estos procesos. Este trabajo se propuso determinar la distribución geográfica y de género en la revisión por pares realizada en la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública. Se analizaron las listas de agradecimiento de quienes participaron en la revisión por pares de esta revista desde el año 2010 hasta el 2017. El país de procedencia se identificó a partir de la afiliación institucional, mencionada inicialmente por los revisores, y para la identificación del género se utilizaron los nombres. En caso de existir duda con el género se realizó una búsqueda de imágenes y de perfiles académicos públicos disponibles en Internet. Se encontraron 1 628 menciones de agradecimientos a profesionales que participaron en la revisión por pares; el 60,4 por ciento (n = 983) fueron procedentes del extranjero, principalmente de España, México, Chile, Colombia y Argentina. El 71,1 por ciento (n = 1158) fueron revisores hombres y el 28,9 por ciento (n = 470) revisoras. según la procedencia de las revisoras, el 35,0 por ciento (n = 344) fueron del extranjero y el 19,6 por ciento (n = 126) de Perú; y en los revisores hombres el 65,0 por ciento fueron del extranjero y el 80,6 por ciento de Perú. La revisión por pares en una revista científica biomédica en Perú fue realizada principalmente por profesionales de otros países de habla hispana. Existe una brecha de género que es mayor para la participación de revisoras de Perú(AU)

Peer review is an important process that makes it possible to take decisions before the publication of an article. However, little information is available in Latin American scientific journals about the professionals involved in this process. The purpose of the study was to determine the geographic and gender distribution of peer review in the Peruvian Journal of Experimental Medicine and Public Health. Data about peer reviewers were obtained from the acknowledgements sections of journal issues published from 2010 to 2017. The country of origin was identified from the institutional affiliation reported by peer reviewers, and gender was derived from their proper names. In the event of doubt about a reviewer's gender, a search was conducted for images and public academic profiles available on the Internet. A total 1 628 acknowledgement mentions were found, 60.4percent (n = 983) of which referred to overseas reviewers, mainly from Spain, Mexico, Chile, Colombia and Argentina. 71.1percent (n = 1 158) of the reviewers were male and 28.9percent (n = 470) were female. 35.0percent (n = 344) of the female reviewers were foreign and 19.6percent (n = 126) were from Peru, whereas 65.0percent of the male reviewers were foreign and 80.6percent were from Peru. Peer review in a Peruvian biomedical scientific journal was mainly conducted by professionals from other Spanish-speaking countries. A gender gap was observed which is wider for participation of Peruvian female reviewers(AU)

John Hatton's manuscript record of the surgical and pathological lectures given by Joseph Jordan, FRCS, in 1837-1838.

John Hatton, LSA MRCS FRCS MD (1817-1871), was apprenticed from 1833 to Joseph Jordan, MRCS FRCS (1787-1873), a well-known Manchester surgeon. Jordan, who had been teaching anatomy since 1814, closed his Mount Street Medical School in 1834 and was elected as surgeon to the Manchester Royal Infirmary in 1835. He continued to lecture on surgery and surgical pathology at the Infirmary, and sometimes at the Pine Street Medical School run by Thomas Turner, LSA FRCS (1793-1873). During 1837-38 Hatton transcribed and illustrated these lectures in a bound manuscript and also added notes and drawings in his personal copy of The Dublin Dissector. He gained his Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries (LSA) in 1836 and Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) in 1839 and set up in Manchester as surgeon from around 1840. This paper is based on three previously unrelated documents in the University of Manchester Archives: a handwritten catalogue of specimens in Jordan's Anatomy Museum, Hatton's annotated copy of The Dublin Dissector and his manuscript record of Jordan's lectures. These documents provide a valuable insight into medical education during the 1830s.

The 100 most cited manuscripts in coronary artery bypass grafting.

INTRODUCTION: To gain a better understanding of the progression of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and its impact on clinical practice, bibliometric citation analysis can be performed. Bibliometric citation analysis is a method of determining the most influential papers on a topic based on several citations and impact factor. METHOD: A search of the Thomson Reuters Web of Science citation indexing database and research platform was completed using the terms "CABG," "Coronary artery bypass graft," "Coronary artery," "bypass," and/or "bypass grafting." The returned dataset was sorted by the number of citations. RESULTS: The search yielded a total of 11 560 papers which were ranked in order of citations. New England Journal of Medicine published the most papers in the top 100 and generated the most significant number of citations with 20 papers in total followed by Journal of the American College of Cardiology. It also has the highest impact factor and 5-year impact fact in 2007 of 79.26 and 67.513, respectively. CONCLUSION: The most cited manuscripts by Serruys et al described a randomised trial comparing percutaneous coronary intervention and CABG for treating severe coronary artery disease. This work provides the most influential references related to CABG and serves as a guide as to the area of focus in CABG.

Standards of reporting in open and endovascular aortic surgery (STORAGE guidelines).

The number of patients undergoing surgery on the thoracic and thoraco-abdominal aorta has been steadily increasing over the past decade. This document aims to give guidance to authors reporting on results in aortic surgery by clarifying definitions of aortic pathologies, open and endovascular techniques and by listing clinical parameters that should be provided for full presentation of patients' clinical profile and in particular, their outcome. The aim is to help find a common language in the treatment of aortic disease and to contribute to a better understanding of this patient population.

El buen uso del idioma español en la literatura médica / A good use of Spanish in medical manuscripts

Wording problems are common in medical literature. The essence of any scientific work is to be understandable. A correct writing technique allows to communicate with the reader in an easy and accessible way, without disregarding proper grammatical and orthographic rules. This work is an updated guideline for the proper writing of biomedical manuscripts in Spanish. It avoids cumbersome grammatical explanations, aiming to become a simple material available for quick consultation.

Cómo tener éxito al empezar a publicar en revistas médicas. Consideraciones para autores inexpertos, que podrían interesar también a los expertos / How can you succeed in having your manuscript published in a medical journal. Advices to inexpert authors that can also be useful to senior authors

Young authors may benefit by some advices on how to proceed when they decide to write a manuscript and submit it to a medical journal. They should start by selecting the journal considering the topic and nature of their study, how relevant the results seem and the interest it may have in editors and readers. A reasonable choice should consider new journals that publish good papers selected after external peer review. Then they should study and follow the Instructions to Authors of the chosen journal. A strong call is given to recognize and avoid "predatory journals". Specific statements refer to Instructions to Authors and language requirements by the journal, the need to follow "ICMJE Recommendations", the correct assignment of authorship, and a strict observance of ethical regulations in biomedical and clinical research. Special mention is given to provide a good abstract, in English, either descriptive or structured depending on the nature of their study. These advices may be useful as well as a reminder to older authors on how to improve their manuscripts before submitting them to a mainstream medical journal.

Pirated Manuscripts From Radiology's Most Impactful Journals: An International Analysis of Copyright-Infringing Downloads.

OBJECTIVES: The world's largest scholarly literature pirate website, Sci-Hub, permits readers to bypass journal paywalls, thus facilitating no-cost copyright-infringing article downloads. We studied download characteristics of internationally pirated radiology journal articles. METHODS: All download request events between September 2015 and February 2016 were retrieved from Sci-Hub's public server logs. Focusing on high-impact factor radiology journals, we targeted uniquely identifiable diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology journals with a 2015 Thompson Reuters impact factor of ≥2. Pirated article download characteristics were assessed at the individual article, journal, and geographic level. RESULTS: Of all 27,819,965 pirated article downloads, 105,075 (0.4%) were from 49 radiology journals with high impact factor. Total monthly radiology downloads ranged from 6,715 to 24,449. Downloads were most frequent for papers from Radiology (10,357 of 105,075; 9.9%), NeuroImage (10,121; 9.6%), and the International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology (8,025; 7.6%). The most downloaded articles were published in European Radiology, RadioGraphics, and NeuroImage. By country, download requests were most frequent from China (17,975 of 105,075; 17.1%), India (7,969; 7.6%), and Iran (7,327; 7.0%), but on a per capita basis, were most common in Portugal (210.8 per 1,000,000 population), Chile (135.4), and Tunisia (113.8). Only 4,450 (4.2%) of download requests were from the United States. CONCLUSIONS: Copyright-infringing downloading of pirated radiology journal articles occurs frequently across the world and impacts nearly all top impact-factor journals. New publisher pricing and business models, akin to those for digital music, may be necessary to disincentivize pirating and ensure journal financial sustainability.

Conversion of Plastic Surgery meeting abstract presentations to full manuscripts: a brazilian perspective.

Objective: to assess the conversion rate of Plastic Surgery meeting abstract presentations to full manuscript publications and examine factors associated with this conversion. Methods: we assessed the abstracts presented at the 47th and 48th Brazilian Congresses of Plastic Surgery by cross-referencing with multiple databases. We analyzed the Abstracts' characteristics associated with full manuscript publications. Results: of the 200 abstracts presented, 50 abstracts were subsequently published in full, giving the conference a conversion rate of 25%. The mean time to publish was 15.00±13.75 months. In total, there were 4.93±1.63 authors per abstract and 67.8±163 subjects per abstract; 43.5% of the abstracts were of retrospective studies; 69% comprised the plastic surgery topics head and neck, and chest and trunk, and 88.5% had no statistical analysis. Overall, 80% of the manuscripts were published in plastic surgery journals, 76% had no impact factor and 52% had no citations. Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed the presence of statistical analysis to be the most significant (p<0.05) predictive factor of conversion of abstracts into full manuscripts. Conclusion: the conversion rate found from this bibliometric research appeared a bit lower than the conversion trend of international plastic surgery meetings, and statistical analysis was a determinant of conversion success.

Objetivo: avaliar a taxa de conversão de resumos apresentados em congressos de Cirurgia Plástica em publicações de manuscritos completos e examinar fatores associados a essa conversão. Métodos: resumos apresentados nos XLVII e XLVIII Congressos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Plástica foram avaliados por meio de referências cruzadas em diversos bancos de dados. Averiguaram-se as características dos resumos associadas às publicações de manuscritos completos. Resultados: dos 200 resumos apresentados, 50 foram posteriormente publicados na íntegra, determinando uma taxa de publicação de 25%. O tempo médio para publicação foi 15,00±13,75 meses. No total, houve 4,93±1,63 autores/resumo e 67,8±163 pacientes/resumo; 43,5% dos resumos foram estudos retrospectivos; 69% pertenciam aos tópicos crânio, cabeça e pescoço, e tórax e tronco e 88,5% não apresentavam análise estatística. No geral, 80% dos manuscritos foram publicados em revistas de Cirurgia Plástica, 76% não exibiam fator de impacto e 52% não possuíam citações. As análises bivariada e multivariada revelaram que a presença de análise estatística foi o fator preditivo significativo (p<0,05) para a conversão de resumos em manuscritos completos. Conclusão: a taxa de conversão deste estudo bibliométrico foi inferior à tendência de conversão descrita em congressos internacionais de Cirurgia Plástica, e a presença de análise estatística foi um determinante para o sucesso de conversão.