RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ocular myiasis though rare, is usually found in association with basal cell carcinoma. It is rarer still in tumors other than basal cell carcinoma. We report a case of ocular myiasis in a glioma which is hitherto unreported to the best of our knowledge. CASE: A 50 year old male presented with bleeding and maggots emanating from a tumourous outgrowth which had replaced his right eye. He complained of swelling and pain in his right eye for the last 2 years. Manual removal of maggots was carried out following which he underwent total excision of the mass and local debridement. Biopsy of the mass was consistent with astrocytoma. CONCLUSION: Myiasis though rare should be suspected in long standing neglected lesions with suggestive history. Infection, ischemic necrosis and malignancy coupled with overcrowding, poor living conditions, presence of excessive arthropods in the locality and low levels of hygiene drastically increase the risk of myiasis.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Oculares/parasitologia , Glioma/parasitologia , Miíase/complicações , Animais , Biópsia , Carcinoma Basocelular/parasitologia , Neoplasias Oculares/cirurgia , Glioma/cirurgia , Humanos , Larva , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miíase/cirurgiaRESUMO
The radiation dose received by the eye depends on the pathology, tumour location (ocular globe, orbit, neighboring structures) and the radiation technique. The major complication is the complete loss of vision, which is often multifactorial. This article, based on a literature review, describes the radiation effects and the tolerance doses for all eye structures: cornea, lens, retina, optic nerves, orbit and ocular adnexa.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Oculares/radioterapia , Olho/efeitos da radiação , Tolerância a Radiação , Radioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias da Túnica Conjuntiva/radioterapia , Córnea/efeitos da radiação , Olho/anatomia & histologia , Neoplasias Oculares/parasitologia , Humanos , Aparelho Lacrimal/efeitos da radiação , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Oculares , Neoplasias Orbitárias/radioterapia , Especificidade de Órgãos , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Doenças Retinianas/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Retina/radioterapia , Neoplasias Uveais/radioterapiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements, cytokines and chemokines, and infectious agents in primary intraocular B-cell lymphoma (PIOL) cells, in order to better diagnose and understand PIOL. METHODS: We studied ocular specimens from 57 patients with PIOL at the National Eye Institute from 1991 to 2001. Specimens were analyzed for IgH gene rearrangements using microdissection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We measured vitreal interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-10 mRNA was studied in PIOL cells using microdissection and reverse transcribed (RT)-PCR. Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression was examined by using immunohistochemistry. Infectious DNA of human herpetic virus-8 (HHV-8), Epstein-Bar virus (EBV), and Toxoplasma gondii was detected by using microdissection and PCR and was confirmed with Southern blot hybridization. RESULTS: IgH rearrangement(s) were demonstrated in all 50 tested cases. Cytokine levels were measured in the vitreous of 39 patients. Thirty-one had measurable cytokine levels: 24 of 31 had elevation of IL-10 relative to that of IL-6, and, in contrast, only 7 of 31 had elevation of IL-6 relative to IL-10. IL-10 mRNA was abundant in lymphoma cells of 6 examined cases. Lymphoma cells expressed chemokine receptors of CXCR4 and CXCR5 in three tested cases. HHV-8 DNA was found in 6 of 32 cases (18.8%), EBV DNA in 2 of 21 (9.5%), and T gondii DNA in 2 of 16 (12.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Molecular analyses detecting IgH rearrangements and vitreal levels of IL-10 and IL-6 are useful adjuncts for PIOL diagnosis. A role for specific infectious agents is hypothesized in the pathogenesis of some cases of PIOL. B-cell chemokine is likely involved in attracting PIOL cells into the eye.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Oculares/genética , Neoplasias Oculares/metabolismo , Linfoma de Células B/genética , Linfoma de Células B/metabolismo , Animais , Citocinas/metabolismo , DNA de Protozoário/análise , DNA Viral/análise , Neoplasias Oculares/parasitologia , Neoplasias Oculares/virologia , Rearranjo Gênico , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 8/genética , Humanos , Cadeias Pesadas de Imunoglobulinas/genética , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Linfoma de Células B/parasitologia , Linfoma de Células B/virologia , Microdissecção , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Receptores CXCR4/metabolismo , Receptores CXCR5 , Receptores de Quimiocinas , Receptores de Citocinas/metabolismo , Toxoplasma/genética , Corpo Vítreo/metabolismoRESUMO
Primary intraocular lymphoma, a variant of primary central nervous system lymphoma with ocular involvement, is a large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Some cases of primary intraocular lymphoma have been reported to be associated with microorganisms including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8), but not parasites. We analyzed 10 cases of primary intraocular lymphoma using microdissection and PCR. Tumor and normal cells were microdissected from ocular tissue on slides and subjected to PCR for genes from Toxoplasma gondii, EBV, and HHV-8. We detected Toxoplasma gondii, not HHV-8 or EBV, DNA in the lymphoma but not in normal cells of two cases that resembled ocular toxoplasmosis clinically. We speculate that Toxoplasma gondii may play a role in some forms of primary intraocular B-cell lymphoma.