Factors influencing the research impact in cancer research: a collaboration and knowledge network analysis.

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a major public health challenge globally. However, little is known about the evolution patterns of cancer research communities and the influencing factors of their research capacity and impact, which is affected not only by the social networks established through research collaboration but also by the knowledge networks in which the research projects are embedded. METHODS: The focus of this study was narrowed to a specific topic - 'synthetic lethality' - in cancer research. This field has seen vibrant growth and multidisciplinary collaboration in the past decade. Multi-level collaboration and knowledge networks were established and analysed on the basis of bibliometric data from 'synthetic lethality'-related cancer research papers. Negative binomial regression analysis was further applied to explore how node attributes within these networks, along with other potential factors, affected paper citations, which are widely accepted as proxies for assessing research capacity and impact. RESULTS: Our study revealed that the synthetic lethality-based cancer research field is characterized by a knowledge network with high integration, alongside a collaboration network exhibiting some clustering. We found significant correlations between certain factors and citation counts. Specifically, a leading status within the nation-level international collaboration network and industry involvement were both found to be significantly related to higher citations. In the individual-level collaboration networks, lead authors' degree centrality has an inverted U-shaped relationship with citations, while their structural holes exhibit a positive and significant effect. Within the knowledge network, however, only measures of structural holes have a positive and significant effect on the number of citations. CONCLUSIONS: To enhance cancer research capacity and impact, non-leading countries should take measures to enhance their international collaboration status. For early career researchers, increasing the number of collaborators seems to be more effective. University-industry cooperation should also be encouraged, enhancing the integration of human resources, technology, funding, research platforms and medical resources. Insights gained through this study also provide recommendations to researchers or administrators in designing future research directions from a knowledge network perspective. Focusing on unique issues especially interdisciplinary fields will improve output and influence their research work.

Migraine with aura and stroke - the role of warning signs in the context of secondary headaches: case report / Enxaqueca com aura e acidente vascular cerebral ­ o papel dos sinais de alerta no contexto das cefaleias secundárias: relato de caso

Introduction: Headache is a very common complaint in doctors' offices, with primary causes being the majority in relation to secondary ones. Despite this, the identification of secondary headaches is very relevant in clinical practice, since these can be a life-threatening condition, functionality or even a reversible cause. However, imaging screening for all individuals with headache is costly and unrewarding. Therefore, it is important to know the warning signs that, together with the clinical context, lead to a more precise indication of these exams and early and well-targeted therapeutic interventions. Clinical case: This is a 60-year-old man, previously dyslipidemic and smoker, with migraine with aura reported since childhood, who underwent treatment with sodium valproate, with headache attack suppression. About 4 months before admission, he presented with an alteration in the pain pattern, amaurosis fugax in the right eye, dizziness and mild paresis and hypoesthesia in the left side of the body, primarily treated by him as migraine crises, without improvement with the use of triptans. A new outpatient investigation was carried out, which showed multiple small infarcts in the right hemisphere secondary to atheromatous plaque in the right carotid bulb with an obstruction of approximately 85%. Diagnostic and therapeutic arteriography was performed, with stent implantation, uneventfully. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis between migraine with aura and a cerebrovascular event has already been widely reported in the literature and constitutes a pitfall in the routine of headaches, since a serious and potentially disabling condition can be overlooked. The joint evaluation of the alarm signs with the global context becomes an important tool in the propaedeutics of these patients, with knowledge of this casuistry being something relevant within clinical practice.

Introdução: A cefaleia é uma queixa muito comum nos consultórios médicos, sendo as causas primárias majoritárias em relação às secundárias. Apesar disso, a identificação de cefaleias secundárias é muito relevante na prática clínica, uma vez que estas podem ser uma condição potencialmente fatal, funcional ou mesmo uma causa reversível. No entanto, o rastreio imagiológico para todos os indivíduos com cefaleias é dispendioso e pouco recompensador. Portanto, é importante conhecer os sinais de alerta que, juntamente com o contexto clínico, levam a uma indicação mais precisa destes exames e a intervenções terapêuticas precoces e bem direcionadas. Caso clínico: Trata-se de um homem de 60 anos, previamente dislipidémico e fumador, com queixa de enxaqueca com aura desde a infância, que realizou tratamento com valproato de sódio, com supressão das crises de cefaleia. Cerca de 4 meses antes da internação apresentou alteração do padrão álgico, amaurose fugaz em olho direito, tontura e leve paresia e hipoestesia no lado esquerdo do corpo, tratada por ele primariamente como crises de enxaqueca, sem melhora com o uso de triptanos. Foi realizada nova investigação ambulatorial que evidenciou múltiplos pequenos infartos no hemisfério direito secundários a placa de ateroma no bulbo carotídeo direito com obstrução de aproximadamente 85%. Foi realizada arteriografia diagnóstica e terapêutica, com implante de stent, sem intercorrências. Conclusão: O diagnóstico diferencial entre enxaqueca com aura e evento cerebrovascular já foi amplamente relatado na literatura e constitui uma armadilha na rotina das cefaleias, uma vez que uma condição grave e potencialmente incapacitante pode ser negligenciada. A avaliação conjunta dos sinais de alarme com o contexto global torna-se uma ferramenta importante na propedêutica destes pacientes, sendo o conhecimento desta casuística algo relevante dentro da prática clínica.

Accidentes de trabajo mortales y enfermedades profesionales en la minería (Régimen General). Perú: 2010-2019 / Fatal work accidents and professional diseases in mining (General Regime). Peru: 2010-2019

Se analiza el comportamiento de los accidentes de trabajo mortales (ATM) y de las enfermedades profesionales (EP), en relación con las empresas del régimen general en la minería peruana, durante los años 2010 al 2019. Se realizó un estudio transversal de la base de datos del Ministerio de Energía y Minas. El estudio incluyó las notificaciones de accidentes de trabajo mortales y de las enfermedades profesionales reportadas en esa década por las empresas mineras del régimen general; del 2010 al 2019 para los ATM, y entre 2011- 2019 para las EP, a nivel nacional. Resultados: De 422 ATM notificados entre 2010-2019 se determinan cuatro rangos, considerando 126 empresas. El rango D (dos empresas) son el 2% pero las que presentan la mayor siniestralidad laboral. La empresa D1 acredita 29 ATM y la empresa D2 tiene19 ATM, ambas asumen el 11.34% del total de los ATM en la década analizada. El rango A, son 95 empresas, conforman el 75% del total y presentan entre 1 a 3 ATM para el mismo periodo. El 61% de trabajadores víctimas de ATM son de contratistas y conexas; mientras que el 39% son ATM de las empresas principales. Entre 2011-2019 se notificaron 40,001 EP en las empresas mineras, trabajadores con menos de un año registran EP y mayores de 55 años tienen una curva pronunciada de EP. El 1% son trabajadoras mineras y el 99% son trabajadores. Se necesita mayor investigación sobre las EP en el sector minero(AU)

To analyse the behavior of fatal work accidents (ATMs for its acronym in Spanish) and occupational diseases (EPs), in companies under the general regime of the mining sector in Peru during the years 2010 to 2019. A cross-sectional study was carried out using the database from the Ministry of Energy and Mines (MINEM). The study included notifications at the national level of ATMs (2010-2019) and EPs (2011 to 2019) reported by the mining companies under the general regime. Results: Of 422 ATMs reported by 126 companies between 2010-2019, four range categories were determined. Rank D grouped two companies (representing only 2%) that had the highest occupational accident rate. Company D1 reported 29 ATMs and company D2 reported 19 ATMs, together accounting for 11.34% of the total number of ATMs during the study period. Rank A consisted of 95 companies (representing 75%) and reporting between 1 to 3 ATMs for the same period. Contractor and outsourcing companies reported 61% of workers victims of ATMs, while main companies reported 39% of ATMs. Between 2011-2019, 40,001 EPs were reported in mining companies, workers under one year reported EPs, and workers over 55 years of age had a steep EP curve. Female workers represent 1% of mining workers and 99% are male workers. More research is needed on EPs in the mining sector(AU)

Evaluation of turkish pharmaceutical track and trace system (ITS): perspective of community pharmacists

Abstract Turkish Pharmaceutical Track & Trace System (ITS) is implemented as a system in which drug movements are tracked in order to ensure drug safety. The system is integrated among drug stores, pharmacies and reimbursement institutions. As the pharmacies are the primary users, their evaluations regarding the system are considered important. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the pharmacies'- a shareholder of ITS in Turkey- satisfaction level for ITS and problems and suggestions encountered in the system. The most expressed contribution of ITS to the pharmacists' work was the ease of medicine tracking and control with 27.1%. The average satisfaction level of pharmacists about ITS was found to be 2.9±1.2. In the research, the most expressed of the regarding the areas of ITS that need to be developed is 'work without interruption' with 37.1%. ITS application has provided advantages for pharmacies in many aspects that facilitate operations. However, continuous development of technology, increasing information resources and diversity, changing expectations, and utilization levels of the users require the constant improvement of the performance of the system.

Revisão de escopo das publicações sobre transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) e a pandemia de Covid-19 entre 2020 e 2022 / Scope review of the publications on obsessive compulsive disorder (TOC) and pandemic between 2020 and 2022

A proposta desta dissertação foi realizar uma revisão de escopo de 96 artigos científicos que analisaram a relação do quadro psicopatológico do Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC) no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19, disponíveis em revistas indexadas. Tais publicações utilizadas neste mapeamento foram retiradas das bases de dados PubMed, PsyInfo e da biblioteca virtual Scielo. Elas são referentes ao período entre 2020 até março de 2022. A busca e filtragem deste material foi orientada pela metodologia da revisão de escopo. A análise destes artigos indicou a presença de dois objetivos nas pesquisas indicadas: a discussão da trajetória de evolução dos quadros de TOC e a terapêutica do TOC na pandemia. No capítulo a respeito dos quadros clínicos, a análise dos dados foi organizada a partir dos grupos populacionais estudados pelos autores (adultos, profissionais de saúde, gestantes e puérperas e crianças e adolescentes). A partir da divisão em grupos populacionais, as publicações foram agrupadas tendo em vista suas metodologias para o exame de seu desenvolvimento e achados. No capítulo sobre a terapêutica do TOC na Covid-19, os achados foram organizados por metodologias para seu exame. Os dados destes estudos mostraram que a maior parte dos autores se dedicaram a analisar o público adulto ou não especificaram objetivamente a idade das pessoas que avaliaram. Os profissionais de saúde foram a população menos contemplada por esta temática dentro das populações sobre as quais os artigos versaram. Os artigos sobre grávidas e puérperas buscaram discutir a influência das condições de vida para a saúde mental e o TOC destas pessoas, o que destoa das outras pesquisas nesta revisão de escopo. O impacto da pandemia, a explicação deste impacto para indivíduos com TOC, a influência das informações midiáticas sobre a Covid-19 e do grupo familiar sobre pessoas com TOC foram questões contempladas pelos autores mencionados neste capítulo. Os artigos sobre a terapêutica do transtorno em questão na Covid-19 discutiram as limitações originárias da crise sanitária para o tratamento do TOC, e exemplificaram ferramentas tecnológicas que podem ser utilizadas no tratamento das pessoas em questão. Alguns também buscaram traçar perfil de vulnerabilidade para o TOC na pandemia com a majoritariedade dos resultados apontando para a vulnerabilidade feminina. O tratamento da população composta por crianças e adolescentes com o transtorno foi pouco foi contemplado pelos pesquisadores nesta seção. Os determinantes sociais de saúde relacionadas ao gênero feminino, indicado como mais vulnerável ao TOC nos dois capítulos acima mencionados foram discutidos em uma seção própria. Nesta seção, dados de estudos sobre as condições de vida na pandemia da população feminina no Brasil e na América Latina foram utilizados para ilustrar a vulnerabilidade desta população.

The proposition of this dissertation was to make a scope review of 96 scientific articles that analyzed the relation of the psychopathological board of obssessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in the context of covid-19 pandemics, available in indexed magazines. Such publications utilized in this mapping were taken from the databases PubMed, PsyInfo and from the Scielo virtual library. They refer to the year of 2020 up to March 2022. The research and filtering of this material were oriented by the scope review methodology. The analysis of these articles pointed to the presence of two objectives in the referred researches: the discussion about the evolutionary trajectory of OCD cases and the therapeutics of OCD in the pandemic. In the chapter about the clinical cases, the data analysis was organized by the populational groups studied by the authors (adults, health professionals, pregnant and puerperal women, children and adolescents). By dividing the populational groups, the publications were arranged considering their methodologies for examining the developments and findings. In the chapter about the therapeutics of OCD during Covid-19, the findings were organised by the methodologies for their examination. The data from these studies show that the majority of authors have either dedicated themselves to analyze the adult public or didn´t speciffy objectively the age of the population evaluated. Health professionals were the population less considered by this thematics. The articles about pregnant and puerperal women focused on discussing the influence of the living conditions to mental health and the OCD of these people, wich differs from the other researches in this scope review. The impact of the pandemic, the explanation of this impact to individuals with OCD, the influence of media informations about Covid-19 and the family group about people with OCD were points contemplated by the authors mentioned in this chapter. The articles about the therapeutics of the disorder in question, during Covid-19, argued about the limitations that came from the sanitary crisis for the treatment of OCD, and exemplified technological tools that can be used on the treatment of such people. Some also tried to trace the profile of vulnerability to OCD in the pandemic, with the majority of the results pointing to female vulnerability. The treatment of the population composed by children and adolescents with the disorder was mentioned little by the researches in this section. The social determiners of health related to the female gender, pointed as the most vulnerable to OCD in the two chapters mentioned before, were discussed in a chapter of their own. In this chapter, data from studies about the life conditions, in the pandemic, of the feminine population in Brazil and Latin America were used to illustrate the vulnerability of this population.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical practice, training, and research in Nigeria.

INTRODUCTION: the rising rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections has caused perceptible strain on the global health system. Indeed, this disease is also a litmus test for the resilience of the structures in the African health system including surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical practice, training and research in Nigeria. METHODS: it was a cross-sectional study conducted over three weeks in Nigeria among doctors in 12 surgery-related specialties. Consenting participants filled a pre-tested online form consisting of 35 questions in 5 sections which assessed demographics, infection control measures, clinical practice, academic training, research program, and future trends. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 20. RESULTS: a total of 384 respondents completed the form. Their mean age was 38.3 years. Lockdown measures were imposed in the state of practice of 89.0% of respondents. Most participants reported a decrease in patient volume in outpatient clinics (95.5%) and elective operations (95.8%) compared to reports for emergency operations (50.2%). They also noted a decrease in academic training [Bedside teaching (92.1%), seminar presentation (91.1%) and journal presentation (91.8%)] and research (80.5%). Except in bedside teaching, those who had other virtual academic programmes were thrice the number of those who used in-person mode for the events. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant change in pattern and a decrease in the volume of patients seen by surgeons in their practice as well as a decrease in the frequency of academic programs and research activities in Nigeria.

The frequency of medical reversals in a cross-sectional analysis of high-impact oncology journals, 2009-2018.

BACKGROUND: Identifying ineffective practices that have been used in oncology is important in reducing wasted resources and harm. We sought to examine the prevalence of practices that are being used but have been shown in RCTs to be ineffective (medical reversals) in published oncology studies. METHODS: We cross-sectionally analyzed studies published in three high-impact oncology medical journals (2009-2018). We abstracted data relating to the frequency and characterization of medical reversals. RESULTS: Of the 64 oncology reversals, medications (44%) represented the most common intervention type (39% were targeted). Fourteen (22%) were funded by pharmaceutical/industry only and 56% were funded by an organization other than pharmaceutical/industry. The median number of years that the practice had been in use prior to the reversal study was 9 years (range 1-50 years). CONCLUSION: Here we show that oncology reversals most often involve the administration of medications, have been practiced for years, and are often identified through studies funded by non-industry organizations.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Neurosurgery Research Productivity in Arab Countries Between 2005 and 2019.

BACKGROUND: The Arab world is lagging behind in the world of publications and research, especially in the biomedical-related field. This is a bibliometric analysis that aims to assess the neurosurgical research productivity across different Arab countries. METHODS: PubMed was used to quantify the number of neurosurgery-related articles published by each Arab country, by several journals, investigating specific topics between 2005 and 2019. Numbers were normalized with respect to each country's average population and average gross domestic product (GDP). RESULTS: Arab countries contributed 0.53% of total neurosurgery publications. Egypt had the highest number of neurosurgery-related publications (362), ahead of Saudi Arabia (238) and Lebanon (133). In terms of publications per million persons, Lebanon was first with 21.6 publications per million persons. In terms of GDP, Egypt ranked first with 18.85 publications per million $. There was an insignificant correlation between the number of publications on one hand and the average GDP (P = 0.09) on the other hand, whereas the average population explains around 50% of the neurosurgery-related publications (R squared = 0.49, P < 0.01). Neoplasms were the dominating area of research, and the WORLD NEUROSURGERY journal had the highest number of publications. CONCLUSIONS: The results reached by this study reflect an undoubtable need for more research on neurosurgery by Arab countries. This goes back to the different obstacles facing Arab countries every day, affecting the economic, educational, and health care systems.

[National certification for gynecological cancer surgery]. / Certification nationale pour la chirurgie des cancers gynécologiques.

OBJECTIVE: In France, we are lacking an identified pathway for training in gynaecological cancer surgery. The four competent French learned societies: the SFOG, the CNGOF, the SFCO and the SCGP supported by the CNU of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, and UNICANCER agreed to materialize this course and attest it by a certification awarded by a national jury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The national committee of certification in gynaecological oncology made up of ten members, representing the 6 concerned organizations, set itself five objectives: the definition of the eligibility criteria for training centres; the determination of a check-list to be filled by the candidate; the determination of a targeted curriculum for the training in gynecological oncological surgery; the determination of the assets necessary for the certification of a candidate already in practice; and the practical organization of the certification. RESULTS: Criteria for approval of centres for training included 150 gynaecological cancer cases per year, among which 100 excisional surgeries, including twenty advanced-stage ovarian cancers. For certification of candidate who followed the curriculum established by the committee or by validation of prior experience for an actual practitioner, a candidate must validate a logbook and fill out a checklist including four parts: theoretical and practical training; research and publications; teaching and subscription to a continuing education program. The accomplished elements of the logbook and the checklist will be evaluated by a score. The first certification session is planned for the end of 2021.

Research activity amongst DCM research priorities.

INTRODUCTION: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. DCM is common (estimated prevalence, 2% of adults) and significantly impacts quality of life. The AO Spine RECODE-DCM (Research Objectives and Common Data Elements in DCM) project has recently established the top research priorities for DCM. This article examines the extent to which existing research activity aligns with the established research priorities. METHODS: A systematic review of MEDLINE and Embase for "Cervical" AND "Myelopathy" was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Full-text papers in English, exclusively studying DCM, published between January 1, 1995 and August 08, 2020 were considered eligible. Extracted data for each study included authors, journal, year of publication, location, sample size and study design. Each study was then analysed for alignment to the established research priorities. RESULTS: In total, 2261 papers with a total of 1,323,979 patients were included. Japan published more papers (625) than any other country. Moreover, 2005 (89%) of 2261 papers were aligned to at least one research priority. The alignment of papers to the different research priorities was unequal, with 1060 papers on the most researched priority alone (#15, predictors of outcome after treatment), but only 64 total papers on the least-researched 10 priorities. The comparative growth of research in the different priorities was also unequal, with some priorities growing and others plateauing over the past 5 years. DISCUSSION: Research activity in DCM continues to grow, and the focus of this research remains on surgery. The established research priorities therefore represent a new direction for the field.

The 2021 Nucleic Acids Research database issue and the online molecular biology database collection.

The 2021 Nucleic Acids Research database Issue contains 189 papers spanning a wide range of biological fields and investigation. It includes 89 papers reporting on new databases and 90 covering recent changes to resources previously published in the Issue. A further ten are updates on databases most recently published elsewhere. Seven new databases focus on COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 and many others offer resources for studying the virus. Major returning nucleic acid databases include NONCODE, Rfam and RNAcentral. Protein family and domain databases include COG, Pfam, SMART and Panther. Protein structures are covered by RCSB PDB and dispersed proteins by PED and MobiDB. In metabolism and signalling, STRING, KEGG and WikiPathways are featured, along with returning KLIFS and new DKK and KinaseMD, all focused on kinases. IMG/M and IMG/VR update in the microbial and viral genome resources section, while human and model organism genomics resources include Flybase, Ensembl and UCSC Genome Browser. Cancer studies are covered by updates from canSAR and PINA, as well as newcomers CNCdatabase and Oncovar for cancer drivers. Plant comparative genomics is catered for by updates from Gramene and GreenPhylDB. The entire Database Issue is freely available online on the Nucleic Acids Research website (https://academic.oup.com/nar). The NAR online Molecular Biology Database Collection has been substantially updated, revisiting nearly 1000 entries, adding 90 new resources and eliminating 86 obsolete databases, bringing the current total to 1641 databases. It is available at https://www.oxfordjournals.org/nar/database/c/.

The Impact of Hospital/University Affiliation on Research Productivity Among US-Based Authors in the Fields of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Acute Care, and Emergency General Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Research productivity is critical to academic surgery and essential for advancing surgical knowledge and evidence-based practice. We aim to determine if surgeon affiliation with top US universities/hospitals (TOPS) is associated with increased research productivity measured by numbers of peer-reviewed publications in PubMed (PMIDs). METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was performed for PMIDs. Affiliated authors who published in trauma surgery (TS), surgical critical care (SCC), acute care surgery (ACS), and emergency general surgery (EGS) were evaluated for publications between 2015 and 2019, and lifetime productivity. Our analysis included 3443 authors from 443 different institutions. Our main outcome was PMIDs of first author (FA) and senior author (SA) in each field (2015-2019) and total lifetime publications. RESULTS: Significant differences exist between PMIDs from TOPS vs non-TOPS in FA-TS (1.34 vs 1.23, P = .001), SA-TS (1.71 vs 1.46, P < .001), total SA-PMIDs (44.10 vs 26.61, P < .001), and SA-lifetime PMIDs (90.55 vs 59.03, P < .001). There were no significant differences in PMIDs for FA or SA-SCC, FA or SA-ACS, FA or SA-EGS, FA-total PMIDs 2015-2019, or FA-lifetime PMIDs (P > .05 for all). CONCLUSION: There were significantly higher TS PMIDs among FAs and SAs affiliated with top US institutions in 2015-2019, along with higher total PMIDs (2015-2019) and lifetime PMIDs. These findings are of significance to future graduate medical applicants and academic surgeons who need to make decisions about training and future career opportunities.

Critical Evaluation of Interventional Neuroradiology Fellowship Program Websites in North America.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accessibility and content of interventional neuroradiology (INR) fellowship program websites in North America. METHODS: We obtained a list of INR/endovascular surgical neuroradiology (ESN) fellowship programs from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, the Committee on Advanced Subspecialty Training, the Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, and the Neurosurgical Fellowship Training Program Directory websites. Individual program websites were evaluated for 27 different fellow recruitment and education criteria. U.S. programs were grouped based on census region and national ranking, and differences between these groups with regard to fellow recruitment and education characteristics were analyzed using nonparametric statistics. RESULTS: A total of 79 INR/ESN fellowship websites were evaluated for presence of fellow recruitment and education features. Approximately one third of all features pertinent to recruitment (32.11%) and approximately 1 in 5 features regarding education (19.11%) were described in these websites. Program description (69.6%), program coordinator/administrator contact e-mail (59.5%), program director's name (59.5%), program eligibility requirements (51.9%), research opportunities (40.5%), and faculty listing (39.2%) were among the most frequently described features, whereas details about parking (1.3%), interview day itinerary (1.3%), meal allowance (2.5%), retirement and benefits (3.8%), and call schedule (5.1%) were the least frequently described features. There was no significant difference between surveyed features and programs when stratified by U.S. census region, neurosurgery/neurology hospital rankings, or accreditation status. CONCLUSIONS: INR/ESN fellowship website content is variable across North America and there is room for improvement to develop and enhance comprehensiveness of program website content.

Quantifying the scientific interest in surgical training and education: numerical evidence of a PubMed analysis.

The scientific interest (SI) for a given field can be ascertained by quantifying the volume of published research. We quantified the SI in surgical education to clarify the extent of worldwide efforts on this crucial factor required to improve health-care systems. A set of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) was defined for the PubMed search. The number of Pubmed Indexed Papers (nPIP) relevant to the SI was extracted from database conception to December 2016 and their distribution and evolution by country were analyzed at 10-year intervals. Population Adjusted Index (PAI) and Medical School Adjusted Index (MSAI) analyses were performed for countries with the nPIP > 30. We identified 51,713 articles written in 33 different languages related to surgical education; 87.6% of these were written in English. General surgery was the leading surgical specialty. The overall nPIP doubled every 10 years from 1987 (from 6009 to 13,501, to 26,272) but stabilized at 3707, 3800 and 3433 in the past 3 years, respectively. The PAI and MSAI analyses showed that the USA, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Canada, Australia and Ireland are top producers of published research in surgical education, constituting a combined 62.88% of the nPIP. Our quantification of the change in SI in surgical education and training gives a clear picture of evolution, efforts and leadership worldwide over time. This picture mirrors an international academic society that should encourage all those involved in surgical education to improve efforts in educational research.

Metassíntese e metanálise: limites e possibilidades de encontro na educação física / Meta-synthesis and meta-analysis: limits and possibilities of physical education encounters

O aperfeiçoamento das técnicas utilizadas nas revisões é importante para sistematizar todo o aumento do conhecimento na Educação Física (EF); entretanto são escassos os artigos que as esclarecem. O objetivo do estudo é apresentar os principais elementos da metassíntese (qualitativo), metanálise (quantitativo) e síntese da pesquisa mista (qualitativo e quantitativo), destacando seus caminhos na EF. Utilizou-se a revisão de literatura para verificar em artigos científicos os métodos apresentam estrutura organizacional que, imparcialmente, promovem atualizações do conhecimento. Conclui-se que raros são os estudos que apresentam elementos das revisões. Além disso, são incipientes as revisões que envolvem a abordagem qualitativa na área da EF, aspecto fundamental para emergir um novo paradigma para as revisões.

The improvement of techniques used in review studies is important to systematize the increase of knowledge in Physical Education (PE). However, only a few articles clarify these techniques. The aim of the study is to present the main elements of meta-synthesis (qualitative), meta-analysis (quantitative) and mixed-research synthesis (both qualitative and quantitative), highlighting the paths in Physical Education. The literature review technique was used to verify in scientific articles the methods presenting an organizational structure that impartially promote knowledge updates. It is concluded that articles presenting review elements are rare. In addition, reviews on the qualitative approach are incipient in the PE area and are a fundamental aspect to the emergence of a new paradigm of reviews.

Mapeamento das estratégias educativas para estudantes do ensino básico quanto ao processo de doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos humanos: revisão integrativa / Mapping of educational strategies for elementary school students regarding the process of donation and transplantation of human organs and tissue: an integrative review

Objetivou-se mapear as estratégias educativas utilizadas para estudantes do ensino básico, quanto ao processo de doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos humanos. Realizou-se uma metassíntese, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de estudos publicados entre 1990 a 2018, veiculados no portal da Public Medical e nas bases de dados: Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Embase Subject Headings, Web of Science, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados em Enfermagem e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde do Adolescente. Resultando em 1.331 registros, que após levantamento efetivo, resultaram em 14 artigos selecionados, os quais foram submetidos à leitura criteriosa quanto à metodologia utilizada, ferramentas educativas aplicadas, resultados obtidos e conclusões. Processaram-se sínteses, construídas da análise temática dos resultados, o que permitiu identificar 11 intervenções educativas, representadas, por: dinâmica em grupo (25,0%); palestras com profissionais da área (16,6%); vídeo educativo (13,8%); palestras com candidatos, receptores e familiares que doaram os órgãos para transplante (11,1%); Website interativo (8,3%); Folder explicativo, peça de teatro e intervenção educativa realizada pelos professores em sala de aula, cada um apresenta 5,5% das ferramentas educativas; literatura sobre a temática (fábula), criação de desenhos e premiações como incentivo, representam 2,7%, individualmente. Os estudos demonstram a importância da aplicação de diferentes estratégias educativas e discussões realizadas em sala de aula, quanto ao processo de doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos humanos, sendo imprescindível a participação dos escolares no processo de construção do conhecimento acerca do tema.

This study aimed at mapping the educational strategies used for students of elementary education regarding the process of donation and transplantation of human organs and tissue. Qualitative meta-synthesis was carried out through an integrative literature review of studies published between 1990 and 2018 published on the Public Medical portal and on the following databases: Scopus; Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature; Embase Subject Headings; Web of Science; Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences; Nursing Database and Virtual Library on Adolescent Health. This search resulted in 1,331 records, which after effective survey, resulted in 14 selected articles. Those selected articles were then subjected to thorough reading as to the methodology used, educational tools applied, results obtained and conclusions. Syntheses were processed, constructed from thematic analysis of the results, which allowed the identification of 11 educational interventions, represented by group dynamics (25.0%); lectures with professionals in the area (16.6%); educational video (13.8%); lectures with candidates, recipients and family members who donated the organs for transplant (11.1%); interactive website (8.3%); explanatory folder, play and educational intervention carried out by teachers in the classroom, each one representing 5.5% of the educational tools; literature on the theme (fable), creation of drawings and awards as an incentive, represent 2.7%, individually. The studies demonstrate the importance of the active participation of the students in the teaching-learning process, as well as the propagation, for their families, of the discussions held in the classroom.

Publication of cardiac surgery research papers in top cardiovascular journals.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To evaluate the publication rate of articles related to cardiac surgery in the four main cardiovascular journals over the last 5 years. METHODS: A bibliometric review of all full-length articles published between January 2014 and March 2020 in the top four cardiovascular journals (Circulation, European Heart Journal (EHJ), Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC), and JAMA Cardiology) was conducted. For each eligible article in the four journals, the journal of publication, study design, area of interest, country of origin, and type of intervention tested (for cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology studies) were extracted. The affiliations of all editorial board members were identified from journal websites or from online searches and recorded as from cardiac surgery, cardiology, or another discipline. Correlations between variables were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 4835 articles were reviewed. Cardiac surgery studies amounted to 6.2% (104) of total research publications in JACC, 4.4% (74) in Circulation, 3.6% (13) in JAMA Cardiology, and 2.0% (22) in EHJ (P < .001). The percentage of cardiac surgery publications was significantly less than interventional cardiology publications (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac surgery studies represent only a small minority of the articles published in the top cardiovascular journals over the last 5 years, with significant differences between individual journals. Cardiac surgery studies were more often observational and this may constitute one important reason for their under-representation.