Prevenção e controle de sintomas no ambulatório de quimioterapia: construção e validação de vídeos educativos em saúde / Prevention and control of symptoms in the chemotherapy clinic: construction and validation of educational health videos

Objetivos: Construir e validar vídeos educativos sobre as necessidades de saúde relacionadas ao tratamento quimioterápico no ambulatório do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA). Tipologia/Estratificação do produto: Desenvolvimento de material didático e instrucional produzido para educação em saúde. Caracteriza­-se pelo desenvolvimento de produto tecnológico, passível de proteção, podendo gerar registros de propriedade de direito autoral. Método: Estudo do tipo metodológico, desenvolvido em quatro etapas: Identificação das necessidades de saúde; Construção dos vídeos educativos em saúde; Validação dos vídeos; e Adequação dos vídeos. Resultados: As necessidades de saúde identificadas foram categorizadas em: sintomas; tratamento quimioterápico; autonomia e autocuidado; e psicossocial. A partir disso, foram desenvolvidos 03 vídeos educativos, que foram validados por 32 juízes especialistas com índice de concordância de 98%. Posteriormente, foram realizadas adaptações aos vídeos sugeridas pelos juízes. Conclusão, aplicabilidade e impacto: A pesquisa possibilitou o desenvolvimento de vídeos educativos confiáveis e validados, construídos após investigação e discussão das necessidades de saúde da clientela. Os vídeos serão incorporados à consulta de enfermagem, reproduzidos na sala de espera da quimioterapia do INCA e disponibilizados para compartilhamento através das redes sociais, estimulando mudanças de comportamentos e fomentando informações importantes para o manejo dos sintomas e consequentemente a melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes

Objectives: Build and validate educational videos on health needs related to chemotherapy treatment at the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) outpatient clinic. Typology/Product stratification: Development of didactic and instructional material produced for health education. It is characterized by a technological product development, subject to protection, which can generate copyright ownership records. Method: Methodological study, developed in four stages: Health needs identification; Educational health videos construction; Videos validation; and Videos adequacy. Results: Health needs identified were categorized into: symptoms, chemotherapy, autonomy and self­care and psychosocial. Then, 03 educational videos were developed and validated by 32 specialized judges with a 98% agreement rate. Subsequently, some adaptations suggested by the judges were made to the videos. Conclusion, applicability and impact: The research enabled educational and validated videos development, built after investigation and discussion of the clientele health needs. The videos will be incorporated into the nursing consultation, played in the chemotherapy waiting room of INCA and made available for sharing through social networks, stimulating behavior changes and fostering important information for symptoms management and consequently improving life quality of patient

Web-based audiovisual patient information system--a study of preoperative patient information in a neurosurgical department.

BACKGROUND: In the current climate of increasing awareness, patients are demanding more knowledge about forthcoming operations. The patient information accounts for a considerable part of the physician's daily clinical routine. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of the information is understood by the patient after solely verbal elucidation. To optimise information delivery, different auxiliary materials are used. METHODS: In a prospective study, 52 consecutive stationary patients, scheduled for an elective lumbar disc operation were asked to use a web-based audiovisual patient information system. A combination of pictures, text, tone and video about the planned surgical intervention is installed on a tablet personal computer presented the day before surgery. All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire. RESULTS: Eighty-four percent of all participants found that the audiovisual patient information system lead to a better understanding of the forthcoming operation. Eighty-two percent found that the information system was a very helpful preparation before the pre-surgical interview with the surgeon. Ninety percent of all participants considered it meaningful to provide this kind of preoperative education also to patients planned to undergo other surgical interventions. Eighty-four percent were altogether "very content" with the audiovisual patient information system and 86% would recommend the system to others. CONCLUSIONS: This new approach of patient information had a positive impact on patient education as is evident from high satisfaction scores. Because patient satisfaction with the informed consent process and understanding of the presented information improved substantially, the audiovisual patient information system clearly benefits both surgeons and patients.

A diversidade cultural presente nos vídeos em saúde / La diversidad cultural presente en los vídeos sobre salud / Cultural diversity in health-related videos

Os vídeos, cada vez mais, são utilizados como suportes informacionais nas ações de intervenção social na área da saúde. Conhecer os elementos culturais existentes nos vídeos em saúde foi o objetivo deste trabalho, pois eles são facilitadores da transferência da informação. Estudos sobre o uso da informação em saúde no país, a força das imagens no processo cognitivo dos indivíduos e a necessidade de contextualização das informações repassadas serviram de base para a análise dos vídeos finalistas da III Mostra de Vídeos em Saúde, promovida pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) e realizada no Rio de Janeiro, em 1998. Com base na observação de alguns dados das fichas técnicas desses vídeos, foi possível identificar o meio cultural no qual eles foram produzidos. A diversidade cultural presente nas ações comunicacionais em todos os âmbitos, inclusive na promoção da saúde e na prevenção de doenças, é um elemento essencial para o progresso social.

Videos are increasingly used as informational support in health-related social intervention actions. The objective of this paper was to become acquainted with the cultural elements in health-related videos, since they are information transfer facilitators. Studies on the use of health-related information in Brazil, the strength of images in individuals' cognition process and the need to put conveyed information into context served as the basis for analyzing the finalists among videos at the Third Health-Related Video Show, promoted by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) and held in Rio de Janeiro in 1998. By observing some of the technical data on these videos, it was possible to identify the cultural setting within which they were produced. The cultural diversity present in communication actions within all spheres, including health promotion and disease prevention, is an essential element for social progress.

Los vídeos, cada vez más, se utilizan como soportes informacionales en las acciones de intervención social en el área de la salud. Conocer los elementos culturales existentes en los vídeos sobre salud ha sido el objeto de este trabajo, ya que son facilitadores de la transferencia de la información. Estudios sobre le uso de la información, a fuerza de imágenes en el proceso cognitivo de los individuos y la necesidad de contextualización de las informaciones transmitidas han servido de base para el análisis de los vídeos finalistas de la III Muestra de Vídeos en Salud organizada por la Fundación Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) y realizada en Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, en 1998. A partir de la observación de algunos datos de las correspondientes fichas técnicas, ha sido posible identificar el medio cultural en el que se produjeron. La diversidad cultural presente en las acciones de comunicación constituyen elemento esencial para el progreso social.

The quality of podium presentations at the american society of colon and rectal surgeons: does a decade make a difference?

PURPOSE: The technology of the seven-minute scientific presentation has changed greatly with the universal acceptance of computerized slides and graphics. We performed this study to see whether the quality of delivery has improved pari passu with technical advances in presentation of data. METHODS: In 1993 and in 2003 a sample of the podium presentations given at The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons annual scientific meeting was analyzed. Number of slides, type of slides, time of presentation, and quality of presentation were recorded. Quality was scored by the presence of poor presentation techniques such as presenting too fast for the slide to be comprehended, presenting data that were different to what was on the slide, using fonts that were too small to be read, and reading the exact wording of the slide. One point was awarded for each transgression and for any talk lasting more than 7.9 minutes; the higher the score, the worse the presentation. RESULTS: Thirty-eight presentations were analyzed from the 1993 meeting in Orlando and 40 were analyzed from the 2003 meeting in New Orleans. There was no difference in mean time of the presentation (1993, 7.5 minutes +/- 1.5 standard deviation vs. 2003, 7.2 minutes +/- 0.7 standard deviation), in mean number of slides used per presentation (1993, 16.4 +/- 3.3 standard deviation vs. 2003, 17.1 +/- 5.4 standard deviation), or in slides per minute (1993, 2.3 +/- 0.8 standard deviation vs. 2003, 2.5 +/- 1.0 standard deviation). Presentation technique was much worse in 1993, however, with a mean quality score of 2.2 +/- 1.1 standard deviation vs. 0.8 +/- 0.9 standard deviation in 2003 (P < 0.001). The most common fault in both years was presenting a slide too rapidly, a fault more pervasive in 1993 than in 2003 (1993, 30/38 presentations vs. 2003, 16/40). Only ten presentations went over the allotted time in 2003, by an average of one minute. In 1993, 18 presentations were too long, by an average of 1.8 minutes each. CONCLUSIONS: The basic structure of the seven-minute podium presentation has changed little over the last ten years, despite major advances in technology. The most notable improvements have been in the technique of delivering the talk.

Eficacia de la técnica de modelado con video preoperatorio en pacientes de 4 a 6 años de edad / Efficacy of the modeling technique with preoperative video in 4- to 6-year-old patients

Este estudio se realizó para evaluar el comportamiento de niños de difícil manejo utilizando la técnica de modelado con video. La muestra consistió en 15 niños con experiencia odontológica previa, cuyo comportamiento fue clasificado como definitiva o levemente negativo de acuerdo a la escala de Frankl. Cada niño se atendió en dos citas: en la primera se sometió a un tratamiento restaurador convencional; previo a la segunda cita, los pacientes observaron un video donde se mostró la atención de un niño de buen comportamiento. Inmediatamente después, recibió tratamiento similar al de la primera cita. Todos los procedimientos fueron grabados y editados para ser evaluados por un juez, previamente estandarizado, quien clasificó el comportamiento de los niños en cada momento operativo y en forma global para cada cita. Al comparar el comportamiento de las dos citas, se encontró que hubo una mejoría del 53.3 por ciento (p=0.25 por ciento) durante la aplicación de la anestesia, 73.3 por ciento (p=0.02) durante el tallado de la cavidad y 60 por ciento (p=0.001) al momento de la restauración. En la evaluación global, la técnica de mostró ser efectiva en el 80 por ciento de los pacientes (p=0.008). Se concluyó que la técnica puede ser efectiva cuando es utilizada en niños de 4 a 6 años con comportamientos levemente negativos, logrando éxito en el mejoramiento del comportamiento disruptivo

Seminario del Comité Argentino del ICOM / Seminar of the ICOM, Argentine Committee

Se reseñan las actividades desplegadas en el tercer Seminario Latino Americano sobre Patrimonio Cultural, que organizado por el Comité Argentino del Consejo Internacional de Museos tuvo lugar en Buenos Aires durante el mes de octubre de 1994. El tema tratado fue "Educación, Comunicación y Multimedia en las Instituciones Culturales y Educativas". Durante su transcurso, además de conferencias y paneles a cargo de los mejores especialistas sobre el tema, fue digna de destacar la Teleconferencia vía Satélite entre Washington y Buenos Aires, sobre "Tráfico ilícito de bienes culturales"; como también la XI Reunión Plenaria del ICOMSUR, con la participación de la Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay

Teaching pathology in the 21st century. An experimental automated curriculum delivery system for basic pathology.

In late 1984, the "General Professional Education of the Physician" (GPEP) report recommended, among other things, that medical curricula be revised to rely less on lectures and more on independent study and problem solving. We seem to have anticipated, in 1980, the findings of the GPEP panel by formulating and starting to test the hypothesis that certain "core" information in medical curricula can be as effectively delivered by technology-based self-study means as by lecture or formal laboratory. We began, at that time, to prepare a series of self-study materials using, at first, videotape and then computer-controlled optical videodiscs. The content area selected for study was basic microscopic pathology. The series was planned to cover the following areas of study: cellular alterations and adaptations, cell injury, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation and wound healing, cellular accumulations, circulatory disturbances, necrosis, and neoplasia. All are intended to provide learning experiences in basic pathology. The first two programs were released for testing in 1983 as a two-sided videodisc accompanied by computer-driven pretests, study modules, and posttests that used Apple computers and Pioneer (DiscoVision) videodisc players. An MS DOS (eg, IBM) version of the computer programs was released in 1984. The first two programs are now used in 57 US, Canadian, European, and Philippine health professions schools, and over 1300 student and faculty evaluations have been received. Student and faculty evaluations of these first two programs were very positive, and, as a result, the others are in production and will be completed in 1988. Only when a critical mass of curriculum is available can we really test our stated hypothesis. In the meantime, it is worthwhile to report the evaluation of the first two programs.