El etiquetado nutricional: su expresión en el contexto mexicano / Nutritional labeling: its expression in the Mexican context

Introduction: Food is a process that carries implicit socio-cultural elements in a specific historical moment. The changes in the diet caused an increase in problems of obesity and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Mexico. Measures have been taken through public policies that seek to reduce the effects of the consumption of foods with high energy value, one of them is the nutritional labeling of foods. Development: As the first axis, a sociohistorical reconstruction is developed around food labeling in Mexico as an initiative that is part of an international public policy to present nutritional information for the selection and consumption of food. In a second moment, an analysis is carried out from a critical position on the implementation and exercise of decision-making for the consumption of said products, since it is subject to a complex network of sociocultural and individual factors that determine and are determinants of styles. and frequency of consumption of the products. Conclusions: The new labeling with nutritional information is an information tool for the selection in food consumption to face the problem of overweight and obesity in Mexico. However, eating habits and practices respond to sociocultural and economic elements that are above healthy lifestyles and a culture of prevention. It is necessary to build and promote community participation-action that promotes tools such as nutritional labeling to make its objectives effective.

Introducción: la alimentación es un proceso que implica elementos socioculturales en un momento histórico concreto. México se encuentra en un problema de salud generalizado de obesidad y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Ante esto se han tomado medidas mediante políticas públicas que buscan disminuir los efectos del consumo de alimentos de alto valor energético, una de ellas es el etiquetado nutricional de los alimentos. Desarrollo: como primer eje se desarrolla una reconstrucción sociohistórica en torno al etiquetado de alimentos en México como iniciativa que forma parte de una política pública internacional para presentar información nutricional para la selección y consumo de los alimentos. En un segundo momento se realiza un análisis desde un posicionamiento crítico sobre la implementación y el ejercicio de las tomas de decisión del consumo de dichos productos, ya que está sujeta a una compleja red de factores socioculturales e individuales que determinan y son determinantes de los estilos y frecuencia de consumo de los productos. Conclusiones: el nuevo etiquetado con información nutricional es una herramienta de información para la selección en el consumo de alimentos para enfrentar el problema de sobrepeso y obesidad en México. Sin embargo, los hábitos y prácticas de alimentación responden a elementos socioculturales y económicos que están por arriba de los estilos de vida saludable y una cultura de prevención. Es necesario construir y promover una participación-acción comunitaria que potencie las herramientas como el etiquetado nutricional para hacer efectivos sus objetivos.

Rotulagem do leite humano ordenhado pasteurizado / Etiquetado de la leche humana extraída pasteurizada / Labeling of pasteurized expressed human milk

Esta Norma Técnica tem por objetivo estabelecer o processo de rotulagem de recipientes ou frascos que acondicionem o leite humano ordenhado pasteurizado, visando a garantia da qualidade em Bancos de Leite Humano e sua certificação.

El objetivo de esta Norma Técnica es establecer el proceso de etiquetado de los recipientes o frascos que acondicionen leche humana extraída pasteurizada, con el fin de asegurar la calidad de los Bancos de Leche Humana y su certificación.

Seleção e classificação leite humano ordenhado cru / Selection and classification raw expressed human milk

Esta Norma Técnica tem por objetivo estabelecer os critérios necessários para seleção e classificação do leite humano ordenhado cru, visando a garantia da qualidade em Bancos de Leite Humano e sua certificação.

Rotulagem do leite humano ordenhado cru / Labeling expressed breast milk

Esta Norma Técnica tem por objetivo estabelecer o processo de rotulagem de recipientes ou frascos que acondicionem o leite humano ordenhado cru em Bancos de Leite Humano e Postos de Coleta de Leite Humano, visando a garantia da qualidade nestes serviços e sua certificação.

Alegações nutricionais e o real benefício para o consumidor de biscoitos infantis / Nutritional claims and the real benefit for the child biscuit consumer

Atualmente, observa-se o aumento do consumo de biscoitos infantis que são acrescidos com micronutrientes. O objetivo desse artigo é avaliar o valor nutricional e seu benefício para esse público. Foram analisados 16 (dezesseis) rótulos de biscoitos infantis, contendo alegações de fonte de vitaminas e minerais. A avaliação foi baseada na Portaria nº 31/98 sobre Regulamento Técnico, referente a alimentos adicionados de nutrientes essenciais, e na Portaria nº 33/98, sobre a Ingestão Diária Recomendada para Lactantes e Crianças. Os dados tabulados foram divididos em três gráficos: primeiro para Conformidade dos Rótulos; segundo da Quantidade dos Micronutrientes de Acordo com a Portaria nº 33/98; e terceiro Análise da Porção de Acordo com IDR para Lactantes e Crianças da Portaria nº 33/98. Dos biscoitos analisados, 94% estavam em conformidade quanto às informações contidas nos rótulos. Em relação à quantidade dos micronutrientes, as vitaminas B1, B2 e B3 apresentaram valores superiores ao recomendado. Conclusão: Os rótulos dos biscoitos avaliados não apresentaram de forma clara as informações necessárias para o consumidor. É necessário construir normas mais específicas direcionadas às atribuições nutricionais nas rotulagens, com uma linguagem mais acessível para a sociedade.(AU)

Currently, there is an increase in the consumption of children's cookies that are added with micronutrients. The article's purpose is to assess the nutritional value and its benefit for this audience. 16 (Sixteen) children's biscuit labels were analyzed, holding claims from source of vitamins and minerals. The evaluation of this was based on Portaria nº 31/98 about Regulamento Técnico regarding foods added with essential nutrients and on Portaria nº 33/98 about Recommended Daily Intake for Lactants and Children. The charted data were divided into three graphs: First for Label Compliance; Second for Quantity of Micronutrients According to Portaria nº 33/98; And third Analysis from the Portion of Agreement with IDR for Lactating and Children of Portaria nº 33/98. From the analyzed cookies, 94% were in compliance with the information on the labels. Regarding to the amount of micronutrients, the vitamins B1, B2 and B3 showed higher values than recommended. Conclusion: The labels of the evaluated cookies did clearly present the necessary information for the consumer. It is necessary to build more specific norms directed to the nutritional attributions in the labels, with a language more accessible to society.(AU)

Association between the nutrient profile system underpinning the Nutri-Score front-of-pack nutrition label and mortality in the SUN project: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Front-of-pack nutrition labelling is a key public health policy that can be adopted as part of a comprehensive set of measures to promote healthy diets. The Nutri-Score, a five-colour summary label based on a modified version of the British Food Standards Agency Nutrient Profiling System (FSAm-NPS), is being considered for implementation in several European countries including Spain. This study aimed to prospectively assess the association between the FSAm-NPS and mortality rate in a Spanish cohort of university graduates. METHODS: Analyses included 20 503 participants (mean [SD] age: 38 [12] years) from the SUN cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and after 10-years of follow-up with a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. The FSAm-NPS was calculated for each food/beverage based on their amount of energy, saturated fat, sugar, sodium, fibre, protein, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, rapeseed, walnut and olive oils per 100 g of product. The FSAm-NPS Dietary Index (DI) was computed as an energy-weighted mean of the FSAm-NPS scores of all foods and beverages consumed by each participant. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to baseline and updated FSAm-NPS DI scores. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 10.9 years, 407 participants died. A higher baseline FSAm-NPS DI score, reflecting consumption of foods with lower nutritional quality and hence less favourable Nutri-Score rating, was directly associated with all-cause mortality (HR Q4 versus Q1 = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.47; p-trend<0.001) and cancer mortality (HR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.54 to 3.85; p-trend<0.001). No association was found for cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of food products with a higher FSAm-NPS score (lower nutritional quality) was associated with a higher rate of all-cause and cancer mortality in a large prospective cohort of Spanish, middle-aged university graduates. These findings further support the implementation of Nutri-Score in Euro-Mediterranean countries.

Comparison of the Performance of Partial Least Squares and Support Vector Regressions for Predicting Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid Classes in Marine Oil Dietary Supplements by Using Vibrational Spectroscopic Data.

ABSTRACT: Simple, fast, and accurate analytical techniques for verifying the accuracy of label declarations for marine oil dietary supplements containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are required because of the increased consumption of these products. We recently developed broad-based partial least squares regression (PLS-R) models to quantify six fatty acids (FAs) and FA classes by using the spectroscopic data from a portable Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) device and a benchtop Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectrometer. We developed an improved quantification method for these FAs and FA classes by incorporating a nonlinear calibration approach based on the machine learning technique support vector machines. For the two spectroscopic methods, high accuracy in prediction was indicated by low root mean square error of prediction and by correlation coefficients (R2) close to 1, indicating excellent model performance. The percent accuracy of the support vector regression (SV-R) model predicted values for EPA and DHA in the reference material was 90 to 110%. In comparison to PLS-R, SV-R accuracy for prediction of FA and FA class concentrations was up to 2.4 times higher for both ATR-FTIR and FT-NIR spectroscopic data. The SV-R models also provided closer agreement with the certified and reference values for the prediction of EPA and DHA in the reference standard. Based on our findings, the SV-R methods had superior accuracy and predictive quality for predicting the FA concentrations in marine oil dietary supplements. The combination of SV-R with ATR-FTIR and/or FT-NIR spectroscopic data can potentially be applied for the rapid screening of marine oil products to verify the accuracy of label declarations.

Argumentos de la industria alimentaria en contra del etiquetado frontal de advertencias nutricionales en Uruguay / Food industry arguments against front-of-package nutrition labels in Uruguay / Argumentos da indústria alimentícia contra a rotulagem frontal de advertência nutricional no Uruguai

RESUMEN Objetivo. Identificar los argumentos de la industria alimentaria en contra del etiquetado frontal de advertenciasnutricionales en Uruguay. Métodos. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de los comentarios de la industria alimentaria recibidos durante la consulta pública implementada durante el proceso de diseño del decreto que reglamenta la inclusión de rotulación nutricional frontal basada en advertencias en Uruguay mediante una codificación inductiva. Resultados. La mayoría de los comentarios manifestaron la preocupación por la elevada prevalencia de obesidad y enfermedades no transmisibles en el país y destacaron el compromiso con la implementación de acciones que contribuyan a combatir esta problemática de salud. Sin embargo, 81% de los comentarios planteó desacuerdo con la propuesta de decreto elevada a consulta pública y realizó críticas generales sobre su validez. El contenido de los comentarios se relacionó con siete dimensiones: falta de justificación de la medida, violación de compromisos internacionales, críticas al sistema de advertencias, discriminación a alimentos industrializados envasados, críticas al modelo de perfil de nutrientes, otras críticas a aspectos específicos del proyecto de decreto y efectos económicos negativos. En cada dimensión se discute la pertinencia y consistencia técnica y normativa de los contenidos vertidos por los representantes de la industria. Conclusiones. Bajo un aparente acuerdo con la necesidad de adoptar medidas, se evidenció, sin embargo, una fuerte oposición a la política y en particular al sistema de advertencias por parte de la industria alimentaria. Los resultados del análisis aportan insumos para facilitar el proceso de implementación de regulaciones similares en otros países.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective. To identify the food industry's arguments against front-of-package nutrition labels in Uruguay. Methods. Content analysis and inductive coding were applied to the comments made by the food industry during the public consultation on the draft decree regulating the inclusion of front-of-package nutrition labels (warnings) in Uruguay. Results. Most of the comments expressed concern about the high prevalence of obesity and noncommunicable diseases in the country and emphasized a commitment to implementing actions to help combat these health problems. However, 81% of the comments disagreed with the draft decree presented for public consultation; these included general criticisms of its validity. The content of the comments related to seven areas: lack of rationale for the measure; violation of international commitments; criticisms of the warning system; discrimination against industrialized packaged food; criticisms of the nutrient profile model; other criticisms of aspects specific to the draft decree; and adverse economic effects. For each area, there is discussion of the technical and normative relevance and consistency of the content presented by the industry representatives. Conclusions. Despite apparent agreement about the need to adopt measures, it is clear that the food industry is strongly opposed to the policy and, in particular, to the warning system. The results of this analysis may help to facilitate the process of implementing similar regulations in other countries.(AU)

RESUMO Objetivo. Identificar os argumentos da indústria alimentícia contra a rotulagem frontal de advertência nutricional no Uruguai. Métodos. Realizou-se uma análise do conteúdo dos comentários de representantes da indústria alimentícia obtidos em uma consulta pública conduzida no Uruguai durante o processo de elaboração do decreto para regulamentar a inclusão de rotulagem frontal de advertência nutricional com uso de códigos indutivos. Resultados. Os comentários, na sua maioria, revelaram preocupação com a alta prevalência de obesidade e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no país e destacaram o compromisso com a implementação de ações para combater estes problemas de saúde. No entanto, verificou-se que, em 81% dos comentários, os participantes discordavam da proposta do decreto apresentada na consulta pública e teceram críticas gerais quanto à sua validade. Observaram-se sete dimensões distintas no conteúdo dos comentários: falta de justificação da medida, descumprimento de compromissos internacionais, críticas ao sistema de advertência, discriminação de alimentos industrializados em embalagens, críticas ao modelo de perfil nutricional, outras críticas relativas a aspectos específicos do projeto do decreto e repercussão econômica negativa. Para cada dimensão, foram discutidas a relevância e a coerência técnica e normativa do conteúdo dos comentários feitos pelos representantes da indústria. Conclusões. Apesar de uma suposta concordância quanto à necessidade de adotar medidas, observou-se uma firme oposição da indústria alimentícia à política e, em particular, ao sistema de advertência nutricional propostos. Os resultados desta análise servem para facilitar o processo de implementação de regulamentações semelhantes em outros países.(AU)

Análise comparativa da rotulagem das embalagens de melados de cana-de-açúcar com a legislação vigente / Comparative analysis of the sugarcane syrup package labeling with the current legislation

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as informações contidas no rótulo de embalagem de melados de cana-de-açúcar disponíveis no mercado, seguindo-se as regulamentações vigentes no Brasil. As marcas dos melados indicaram nos respectivos rótulos, a denominação, os dados, a origem e a validade dos produtos. Contudo não houve a apresentação do padrão de rotulagem quanto à tabela nutricional de melado de cana-de-açúcar, e seis (40%) das marcas avaliadas não indicaram todas as informações requisitadas. Dada a importância da rotulagem para o entendimento e o conhecimento do produto e na sua compra consciente pelo consumidor, bem como na relevância destas informações para a valorização do produto, fica evidente a necessidade de efetuar estudos abrangentes sobre o assunto, a fim de regularizar a rotulagem de forma fiável, considerando-se que esta seja uma fonte segura de informação ao consumidor.

This study aimed at evaluating the information contained in the label of the commercial sugarcane syrup, in accordance with the prevailing regulations in Brazil. All of the samples presented the denomination, the origin data, and the validity, in their respective labels. However a no labeling standard for the nutritional table of sugarcane syrup was shown, and six (40%) of the evaluated brands did not indicated all of the required information. Given the importance of labeling for the customer understanding and for the conscious buying, and also the relevance of this information for the product appreciation, it becomes evident the need for performing the comprehensive studies on the product, in order to regulate the labeling to become reliable, and being a safe source for consumer information.

Commercially produced complementary foods in Bandung City, Indonesia, are often reported to be iron fortified but with less than recommended amounts or suboptimal forms of iron.

Commercially produced complementary foods (CPCF) that are iron fortified can help improve iron status of young children. We conducted a review of 217 CPCF sold in 42 stores in Bandung, Indonesia, in 2017. There were 95 (44%) infant cereals, 71 (33%) snacks or finger foods (biscuits or cookies, puffs, and noodles or crackers), 35 (16%) purees, and 16 (7%) other foods for which we obtained label information. Nearly 70% of CPCF reported iron content on their labels, but only 58% of products were reported to be fortified with iron according to ingredient lists. Among iron-fortified products, only one fifth indicated a specific type of iron used as the fortificant, but all of these were recommended by the World Health Organization for fortifying complementary foods. Infant cereal was more likely to contain added iron (81%) compared with snacks or finger food (58%) and purees (14%) and had higher iron content per median serving size (cereal = 3.8 mg, snacks or finger food = 1.3 mg, mixed meals = 2.7 mg, and purees = 0.9 mg). Infant cereal was most likely to meet the recommended daily intakes for iron (41% for infants 6-12 months of age and 66% for children 12-36 months) compared with snacks or finger food (infants = 14%, children = 22%), mixed meals (infants = 28%, children = 46%), or purees (infants = 9%, children = 15%). Regulations on fortification of complementary foods need to specify minimum levels and forms of iron and require reporting in relation to requirements by child age and serving size. Monitoring and enforcement of regulations will be essential to ensure compliance.

Controle e conservação de pães de forma industrializados através das informações obrigatórias de rotulagem / Control and conservation of industrialized loaf bread trough required label informations

Atualmente, podem ser encontrados nos mercados, pães com ingredientes e características totalmente diferentes dos consumidos em épocas passadas. No entanto, mesmo com tamanha diversidade, todos esses produtos devem conter informações obrigatórias de rotulagem previstas pela Vigilância Sanitária e pelo Ministério da Saúde, de modo a assegurar a saúde e o direito à informação dos consumidores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar tais informações, no tocante ao controle e conservação, contidas nas embalagens de pães de forma embalados e industrializados. Para isso foram analisadas 26 amostras de pães expostos à venda no município do Rio de Janeiro. A partir das análises observacionais e estatísticas dos rótulos, pôde-se concluir que as mesmas estão dentro do padrão previsto.

Avaliação da rotulagem do leite UHT zero lactose / Evaluation of UHT zero lactose milk labeling

O rótulo apresenta uma série de informações relevantes e que causam impacto direto na saúde da população. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se diferentes marcas de leite UHT zero lactose atendem aos parâmetros de rotulagem estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. Foram avaliadas cinco marcas de leite zero lactose. Os rótulos das amostras foram analisados quanto a legislação no que se refere a rotulagem geral, rotulagem nutricional, informações quanto a alergias e intolerâncias. Os resultados encontrados na maioria dos leites UHT sem lactoses analisados estão dentro dos padrões exigidos pela legislação vigente, com exceção da amostra A que apresentou divergência quanto aos ingredientes.

The label presents a series of relevant information that has a direct impact on the health of the population. The objective of this study was to verify if different brands of UHT zero lactose milk meet the labeling parameters established by Brazilian legislation. Five brands of zero lactose milk were evaluated. Sample labels were reviewed for legislation on general labeling, nutritional labeling, and allergy and intolerance information. The results found in most of the lactose-free UHT milks analyzed are within the standards required by current legislation, with the exception of sample A that presented divergence regarding the ingredients.

A Critical Overview of Labeling Information of Pomegranate Juice-Based Drinks: Phytochemicals Content and Health Claims.

Punicalagin is responsible for over 50% of the antioxidant activity of pomegranate, but ellagic acid (EA) and total polyphenol content (TPC) are also key parameters regarding pomegranate bioactivity. Many juices and other drinks based on pomegranate take advantage from the widespread healthy image of this fruit, whereas their real content of bioactive phytochemicals is low. For that reason, the objective of this study was to compare the labelling information with the real phytochemical contents (TPC, punicalagin [Pn] [isomers α, ß], and EA). Titratable acidity (TA), color density (CD), polymeric color (PC), and sensory profiles (trained panel) were assessed. The experimental ranges of TPC and Pn contents were 2.75 to 70.9 mg/g and traces to 3.18 mg/g, respectively. The percentage of pomegranate juice was highly correlated with the intensity of the pomegranate ID attribute (R = 0.85; p < 0.001), Pn content (R = 0.71; p < 0.001), and EA content (R = 0.36; p < 0.001). The experimental results showed a high variability in the content of bioactive compounds and the need to urge food companies to optimize processes and storage conditions. Although no health claim for pomegranate has been authorized so far at the European Union, significant mismatches among labelling and bioactive compounds content are misleading consumers. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Pomegranate juice and nectar producers need to evaluate the real content of bioactive Pn, EA, and TPC in their products to optimize formulation, heat treatment, packaging and storage conditions to guarantee high levels of bioactive compounds during shelf life. Producers' organizations may benefit from harmonizing Pom products labelling, so they may fulfill consumer expectations and may be ready if health claims are finally authorized for these products. The development of a new sensory quality marker will be an interesting option.

Ibero⁻American Consensus on Low- and No-Calorie Sweeteners: Safety, Nutritional Aspects and Benefits in Food and Beverages.

International scientific experts in food, nutrition, dietetics, endocrinology, physical activity, paediatrics, nursing, toxicology and public health met in Lisbon on 2⁻4 July 2017 to develop a Consensus on the use of low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS) as substitutes for sugars and other caloric sweeteners. LNCS are food additives that are broadly used as sugar substitutes to sweeten foods and beverages with the addition of fewer or no calories. They are also used in medicines, health-care products, such as toothpaste, and food supplements. The goal of this Consensus was to provide a useful, evidence-based, point of reference to assist in efforts to reduce free sugars consumption in line with current international public health recommendations. Participating experts in the Lisbon Consensus analysed and evaluated the evidence in relation to the role of LNCS in food safety, their regulation and the nutritional and dietary aspects of their use in foods and beverages. The conclusions of this Consensus were: (1) LNCS are some of the most extensively evaluated dietary constituents, and their safety has been reviewed and confirmed by regulatory bodies globally including the World Health Organisation, the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Food Safety Authority; (2) Consumer education, which is based on the most robust scientific evidence and regulatory processes, on the use of products containing LNCS should be strengthened in a comprehensive and objective way; (3) The use of LNCS in weight reduction programmes that involve replacing caloric sweeteners with LNCS in the context of structured diet plans may favour sustainable weight reduction. Furthermore, their use in diabetes management programmes may contribute to a better glycaemic control in patients, albeit with modest results. LNCS also provide dental health benefits when used in place of free sugars; (4) It is proposed that foods and beverages with LNCS could be included in dietary guidelines as alternative options to products sweetened with free sugars; (5) Continued education of health professionals is required, since they are a key source of information on issues related to food and health for both the general population and patients. With this in mind, the publication of position statements and consensus documents in the academic literature are extremely desirable.

Awareness of the Link between Alcohol Consumption and Cancer across the World: A Review.

Since 1988, the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified alcohol as a Group 1 carcinogen, the highest level of risk. Growing evidence suggests that alcohol increases the risk of several types of cancer including breast, bowel, prostate, and liver, and accounts for a significant proportion of preventable cancers. Despite ample evidence of this relationship, public awareness is less clear. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we reviewed 32 studies examining lay awareness of alcohol as a risk factor for cancer in 16 countries. Our results show that awareness appears to be low and varies internationally; it is relatively higher in the United Kingdom, Morocco, and Australia. Methodologic differences in assessment obfuscate cross-country and cross-sample comparisons. In general, people are more likely to endorse alcohol as a risk factor when presented with a list of possible risk factors than when asked to list risk factors in an open-ended format. Attempts to increase awareness have been limited and constitute a significant public health need. We provide potential strategies to increase awareness, such as alcohol bottle labeling and fostering patient/physician discussions regarding the link. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 429-37. ©2018 AACR.

Incongruências no regulamento técnico para chocolate e produtos de cacau que interferem na qualidade do chocolate brasileiro e na saúde do consumidor / Incongruities in the technical regulations for chocolate and cocoa products that interfere with Brazilian chocolate quality and consumer health

[{"text": "O chocolate no Brasil é produzido com padrões inferiores às normas internacionais\r\ndo Codex Alimentarius, que estipulou para a sua composição,em\r\n1981, um índice mínimo de 35% de sólidos de cacau, atribuindo não menos\r\nde 18% para manteiga de cacau e 14% para massa de cacau. A Agência\r\nNacional de Vigilância Sanitária, como órgão responsável pela elaboração\r\ne publicação das normas brasileiras referentes ao chocolate e produtos de\r\ncacau, adotou em 2005 o índice mínimo de 25%, não especificando taxasaos\r\nsubprodutos, gerando especulações. Diante de metodologia básica e aplicada,\r\no presente trabalho baseou-se na leitura e análise de leis, projetos de\r\nlei, normas, relatórios de pesquisa, publicações em periódicos, dissertações,\r\nteses, entre outros, apoiada em pesquisa bibliográfica virtual,paraverificare\r\nindicaras incongruências no Regulamento Técnico para Chocolate e Produtos\r\nde Cacau contidas na RDC 264. Faz parte do objetivo deste estudo tentar\r\nevidenciaras consequências da Resolução para a saúde do consumidor, para\r\na qualidade do chocolate nacional\r\ne para a credibilidade da ANVISA\r\ncomo órgão promotor da qualidade\r\ne segurança alimentar. Pretende-se\r\ntambém apoiar a aprovação de Projetos\r\nde Lei que tramitam pelo Congresso\r\nNacional, que têm como objetivo\r\no ajuste da RDC 264 através\r\nde propostas de atualização do seu\r\nRegulamento Técnico, embasadasnas\r\nnormas de reconhecimento internacional,\r\nem prol da qualidade do\r\nchocolate nacional, do consumidor e\r\ndo comércio global.(AU)", "_i": "pt"}]

Rotulagem de alimentos funcionais: análise de informações / Functional food labeling: information analysis

[{"text": "A rotulagem de alimentos é uma\r\nferramenta de informações e, caso\r\nnão esteja de acordo com as regras\r\nestabelecidas em legislação, pode influenciar\r\nas escolhas alimentares de\r\nforma equivocada. O crescimento do\r\nconsumo de alimentos funcionais, e\r\nseus benefícios para a qualidade de\r\nvida faz com que haja a necessidade\r\nde estudos quanto às informações declaradas\r\nnos rótulos desses alimentos.\r\nO presente estudo trata de uma\r\nanálise transversal, tendo como objetivo\r\nanalisar as informações contidas\r\nnos rótulos de alimentos funcionais,\r\nconfrontando-as com as legislações\r\nvigentes. Constatou-se forte presença\r\nde inconformidade em itens de\r\nrotulagem geral, nutricional e específica\r\npara alimentos funcionais nos\r\nprodutos analisados. As irregularidades\r\nencontradas são preocupantes\r\npor se tratarem de informações que\r\npodem levar o consumidor a uma\r\ncompra ou consumo equivocado de\r\ngêneros alimentares.(AU)", "_i": "pt"}]

Were policies in Brazil effective to reducing trans fat from industrial origin in foods?

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the trans fatty acids content of processed foods frequently consumed by adults living in a Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, after the enactment of a mandatory trans fatty acids labelling policy. METHODS Between February 2014 and January 2015, a specifically dietary questionnaire was completed by 107 adults to assess the frequency of processed foods consumption. The most commonly consumed products from the survey, including vegetable oils, margarine, biscuits, snacks, cheese bread (pão de queijo), french fries, cheeseburger and ice cream, were then analyzed for their trans fatty acids content using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. RESULTS Differences in the levels of trans fatty acids were observed among 22 products analyzed, considering that trans fatty acids content ranged between 0.0 g/100 g in samples of cream cracker biscuit 1 and olive oil to 0.83 g/100 g in samples of cheeseburger (fast food), 0.51 g/100 g in samples of frozen pão de queijo and 12.92 g/100 g in samples of chocolate sandwich cookies with cream filling 2. The overall trans fatty acids content of the different samples of margarine brands was 0.20 g/100 g for brand 1 and 0.0 g/100 g for brand 2. These data are significantly lower than those observed in a survey conducted in 2003, when the regulation had been enacted. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that Brazilian regulation is very likely implicated in the observed drop in trans fatty acids of the most processed foods but has yet to eliminate them, which reinforces the urgent need to revise the legislation, since a minimum amount of trans fat does not mean that the food product does not contain this type of fat.

Fraudes em peixes na região central da cidade de Joinville, SC / Fish fraud in the central region of the city of Joinville, SC

Joinville é a maior cidade do estado de Santa Catarina em termos populacionais e, estando próxima a uma região litorânea, o consumo de peixes pelos seus habitantes faz parte dos costumes locais, sejam eles frescos ou congelados. Dentre as variedades de espécies e produtos de peixes congelados, destaca-se o filé de pescada, pelo seu preço acessível e versatilidade no preparo. Na produção, é necessária a prática de glaciamento, que consiste em envolver o filé em uma camada de gelo limitada a 20% do seu peso total. Esse processo servirá para proteger o produto contra oxidação e rancificação, porém muitos produtores extrapolam o limite de 20% para aumentar os ganhos com o produto, o que caracteriza uma fraude. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi mensurar o nível de glaciamento nos filés de pescada congelados, comercializados na região central da cidade de Joinville/SC. A metodologia utilizada foi a preconizada pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento na Instrução Normativa nº 25, de 2 de junho de 2011, em 14 amostras triplicadas. Foram constatadas 5 fraudes nas 14 amostras, totalizando 35,72%. Juntamente a isso, observou- se que havia diferença entre o peso líquido anunciado e o peso real de pescado em 100% das amostras, o que é considerado uma fraude de rotulagem pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Por meio dos resultados, pode-se observar a necessidade do aumento de medidas oficiais de controle pelos órgãos reguladores.(AU)

Joinville is the largest city in the state of Santa Catarina in population terms and, being close to a coastal region, the consumption of fish by its inhabitants is part of local customs, be they fresh or frozen. Among the varieties of frozen fish species and products, we highlight hake fillet, for its affordable price and versatility in preparation. In production, it is common practice to glaze, which involves wrapping the fillet in a layer of ice limited to 20% of its total weight. This process will protect the product against oxidation and rancification, but many producers extrapolate the 20% limit to increase product gains, which is a fraud. Therefore, the objective of this work is to measure the level of glaciation in frozen hake fillets marketed in the central region of the city of Joinville/SC. The methodology used was that recommended by the Ministério de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento in Normative Instruction nº. 25, dated June 2, 2011, in 14 triplicate samples. Four frauds were detected in the 14 samples, totaling 35,72%. Together with this, it was observed that there was a difference between the announced net weight and the actual weight of fish in 100% of the samples, which is considered a labeling fraud by Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Through the results, it is possible to observe the need for an increase in official control measures by regulatory agencies.

Estudo dos produtos alimentícios para lactentes e crianças de primeira infância: papinhas doces e salgadas / Study of food products for infants and young children: sweet and salty

A fim de avaliar, com base na legislação, a presença de conservantes químicos, valor calórico, rotulagem e conservação em produtos alimentícios para lactentes e crianças de primeira infância, industrializados e orgânicos, foram avaliados vinte e seis rótulos de papinhas doces e salgadas, cujas informações foram coletadas em sites das marcas selecionadas e em dois supermercados da cidade de Salvador, BA. Foram selecionadas quatro marcas, duas industrializadas (A e B) e duas orgânicas (C e D). As papinhas industrializadas (A e B) apresentaram maior variedade quando comparadas às papinhas orgânicas (C e D). Dos resultados obtidos referentes aos produtos indicados para 1ª e 2ª etapas, observa-se que a marca C apresentou maiores valores para o valor calórico, carboidratos e fibras; enquanto a marca D, apresentou maiores teores de proteína e a marca B continha maior teor de sódio. Nas papinhas a partir de 12 meses (3ª etapa), a marca A apresentou maior quantidade de proteínas, gorduras totais, saturadas e sódio, enquanto a marca B, apresentou maiores teores de carboidratos e fibras. Diante do exposto, a marca A apresentou maior quantidade de sódio, gorduras totais e saturadas; a marca B apresentou maiores teores de carboidrato e fibras; enquanto a marca C apresentou variação no valor calórico e a marca D apresentou maior quantidade de proteína.(AU)