Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 207
Filtrar
1.
BMC Womens Health ; 24(1): 448, 2024 Aug 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39118058

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A recent meta-analysis revealed that vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV; a biomarker of emotion regulation capacity) significantly decreases in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. As two follow-up studies suggest, these vmHRV decreases are driven primarily by increased luteal progesterone (P4). However, analyses also revealed significant interindividual differences in vmHRV reactivity to the cycle, which is in line with longstanding evidence for interindividual differences in mood sensitivity to the cycle. The present study begins to investigate whether these interindividual differences in vmHRV cyclicity can explain who is at higher risk of showing premenstrual emotional changes. We expected a greater degree of midluteal vmHRV decrease to be predictive of a greater premenstrual increase in negative affect. METHODS: We conducted an observational study with a naturally cycling community sample (N = 31, M = 26.03 years). Over a span of six weeks, participants completed (a) daily ratings of negative affect and (b) counterbalanced lab visits in their ovulatory, midluteal, and perimenstrual phases. Lab visits were scheduled based on positive ovulation tests and included assessments of baseline vmHRV and salivary ovarian steroid levels. RESULTS: In line with previous research, multilevel models suggest that most of the sample shows ovulatory-to-midluteal vmHRV decreases which, however, were not associated with premenstrual emotional changes. Interestingly, it was only the subgroup with luteal increases in vmHRV whose negative affect markedly worsened premenstrually and improved postmenstrually. CONCLUSION: The present study begins to investigate cyclical changes in vmHRV as a potential biomarker of mood sensitivity to the menstrual cycle. The results demonstrate a higher level of complexity in these associations than initially expected, given that only atypical midluteal increases in vmHRV are associated with greater premenstrual negative affect. Potential underlying mechanisms are discussed, among those the possibility that luteal vmHRV increases index compensatory efforts to regulate emotion in those with greater premenstrual negative affect. However, future studies with larger and clinical samples and more granular vmHRV assessments should build on these findings and further explore associations between vmHRV cyclicity and menstrually related mood changes.


Assuntos
Frequência Cardíaca , Fase Luteal , Progesterona , Humanos , Feminino , Fase Luteal/fisiologia , Fase Luteal/psicologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Adulto , Progesterona/sangue , Emoções/fisiologia , Afeto/fisiologia , Nervo Vago/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia
2.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 49(13): 3608-3618, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39041133

RESUMO

Premenstrual syndrome(PMS) lacks a highly consistent and feasible animal model that aligns with diagnostic and therapeutic standards in both traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and western medicine, resulting in a lack of reliable experimental carriers for studying its pathogenesis and pharmacological effects. This study aims to systematically analyze the biological implications of PMS from the perspective of the "disease-syndrome-symptom" correlation and establish preparation and evaluation methods for an improved animal model of this disease. Firstly, clinical symptom gene sets related to the Qi stagnation syndromes due to liver depression and blood stasis in PMS in both modern medicine and TCM diagnostic standards were collected through GeneCards, DisGeNET, Mala-Cards, and the System of Foundational Diagnostic Association(SoFDA) database, as well as published literature. Based on the interaction information between genes, a "disease-syndrome-symptom" correlation network of PMS was established. Based on data mining results, an improved rat model of PMS was prepared by combining chronic restraint stress with the classical progesterone-withdrawal mo-del to simulate emotional depression caused by external environmental stimuli during the clinical onset process, inducing pathological damage from both physiological and emotional dimensions. The evaluation of the improved model before and after modification included open field experiment scores, organ indices, ovarian pathological changes, serum levels of estradiol(E_2), follicle-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone(FSH/LH), 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), dopamine(DA), norepinephrine(NE), as well as coagulation parameters and hemorheology indexes. By calculating the degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality of nodes in the "disease-syndrome-symptom" correlation network, 163 core genes with topological importance were identified. Further biological function mining results indicated that core genes in PMS mainly participated in the regulation of the "nervous-endocrine-immune" system and pathways related to circulatory disorders. Mapping analysis of clinical phenotype symptom gene sets suggested significant correlations between core genes in PMS and depressive symptoms and pain symptoms caused by blood stasis. Compared with the simple progesterone withdrawal model, rats subjected to combined injections and restraint stress showed more significant abnormalities in open field experiment scores, ovarian tissue pathology, serum neurotransmitter levels of 5-HT and DA, as well as serum hormone levels of E_2 and FSH/LH. The modified modeling conditions exacerbated the pathological changes in blood rheology, coagulation function, and red blood cell morphology in model rats, confirming that the improved rat model could characterize the "nervous-endocrine-immune" system disorder and circulatory system disorders in the occurrence and progression of PMS, consistent with the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic standards of both TCM and western medicine. The establishment of the improved rat model of PMS can provide a reliable experimental carrier for elucidating the pathogenesis of PMS and discovering and evaluating therapeutic drugs. It also provides references for objectively reflecting the clinical characteristics of PMS in TCM and western medicine and precision treatment.


Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual , Progesterona , Animais , Ratos , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Progesterona/sangue , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Humanos , Emoções/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia
3.
Clin Drug Investig ; 40(12): 1097-1106, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32980990

RESUMO

Hormonal contraceptives are used worldwide by more than 100 million women. Some studies have been published about the possible appearance of depressive symptoms when using hormonal contraceptives, but this link is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of the literature on this issue, and to investigate the possible explanations of this problem based on animal and human studies. The main pathway responsible for menstrual cycle-related mood changes is the γ-aminobutyric acid pathway, which is sensitive to changes in the levels of progesterone and of its metabolites, the neurosteroids. In particular, allopregnanolone is a potentiating neurosteroid with anxiolytic and anti-convulsant effects whose levels change during a normal menstrual cycle together with progesterone levels. Progestins have different effects on allopregnanolone, mainly owing to their diverse androgenicity. Moreover, they might affect brain structure and function, even though the meaning of these changes has yet to be clarified. It is important to define the groups of women in which negative mood disorders are more likely to occur. Adolescence is a critical period and this age-specific vulnerability is complex and likely bidirectional. Moreover, women with a history of mood affective disorders or premenstrual dysphoric syndrome are at a higher risk when taking contraceptives. In this review, we aim to provide clinicians with advice on how to approach these difficult situations.


Assuntos
Depressão/fisiopatologia , Contracepção Hormonal , Transtorno Disfórico Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Ciclo Menstrual , Pregnanolona/metabolismo , Progesterona/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
4.
Horm Behav ; 124: 104811, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32592725

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: While there is evidence for increased food intake and craving during the luteal phase, underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The present study investigated electrophysiological responses to food pictures as a function of menstrual cycle phase. In addition, the moderating effects of progesterone, eating behaviors (restraint, emotional, orthorexic), negative affect, and premenstrual complaints were explored. METHODS: Using a within-subject design, 35 free-cycling women watched and rated pictures of food (high and low caloric) and control items during the follicular, the ovulatory, and the luteal phase (counterbalanced), while EEG was recorded to examine the late positive potentials (LPP). Salivary gonadal hormones and affect were examined at each occasion. Eating behaviors and premenstrual complaints were assessed once. RESULTS: For parietal regions, average LPPs were comparable between cycle phases but slightly larger LPP amplitudes were elicited by high caloric food pictures as compared to the neutral category. Descriptively, both food categories elicited larger parietal LPPs than neutral pictures during the luteal phase. Analyses of LPPs for central-parietal regions showed no effect of picture category or cycle phase, except higher amplitudes in the right area during the luteal phase. During the luteal phase, progesterone and functional interference from premenstrual symptoms (but not age, BMI, picture ratings, affect, estradiol, or eating behaviors) significantly predicted larger parietal LPPs towards high caloric (but not low caloric) pictures. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a heightened food cue reactivity during the luteal phase, which may relate to higher ovarian hormone secretion and more functional impact of premenstrual symptoms. This research contributes to a better understanding of menstrual health and the identification of preventive strategies for premenopausal women.


Assuntos
Afeto/fisiologia , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Alimentos , Ciclo Menstrual/psicologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual , Adolescente , Adulto , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Sinais (Psicologia) , Eletroencefalografia , Emoções/fisiologia , Estradiol/análise , Estradiol/metabolismo , Potenciais Evocados/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Fase Luteal/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/metabolismo , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia , Progesterona/análise , Progesterona/metabolismo , Saliva/química , Saliva/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
5.
Psychoneuroendocrinology ; 107: 217-224, 2019 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31152968

RESUMO

A woman's social behaviour reportedly varies across the menstrual cycle. In this study, we estimated changes in sensitivity to social exclusion across the menstrual cycle and scrutinized the related role of progesterone. Forty-nine naturally cycling women played a virtual ball-tossing game (Cyberball) to manipulate social inclusion. All participants underwent inclusion and exclusion conditions during the late follicular and the luteal phase. We assessed salivary progesterone concentrations at each cycle phase. After each Cyberball session we measured positive/negative mood using the Multidimensional Mood State Questionnaire (MDMQ). Multilevel analyses indicated that women showed worse mood following exclusion as compared to inclusion conditions (p = 0.014). Notably, this exclusion effect was more pronounced during the luteal phase than the late follicular phase (p = 0.029). As expected, progesterone concentrations were higher during the luteal phase as compared to the late follicular phase, but interestingly, progesterone concentrations were negatively associated with exclusion effects. When accounting for mediation via progesterone, direct cycle-phase related differences in social exclusion effects even increased as compared to the model without mediator. These findings suggest that progesterone may function as buffer against negative feelings that result from being socially excluded. The relevance of these findings for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are discussed, and we conclude that social exclusion may represent an important research domain criterion (RDoC) of relevance for PMDD, with progesterone pointing to new potential pharmacological targets.


Assuntos
Progesterona/metabolismo , Resiliência Psicológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Alienação Social/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Afeto , Emoções , Estradiol , Feminino , Fase Folicular/fisiologia , Humanos , Fase Luteal/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual , Transtorno Disfórico Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Distância Psicológica , Comportamento Social , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
6.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am ; 45(4): 629-640, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30401547

RESUMO

Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) are the primary menopausal symptoms, occurring in up 80% of women and peaking around the final menstrual period. The average duration is 10 years, longer in women with an earlier onset. Compared with non-Hispanic white women, black and Hispanic women are more likely and Asian women are less likely to report VMS. Risk factors include greater body composition (in the early stage of menopausal transition), smoking, anxiety, depression, sensitivity to symptoms, premenstrual syndrome, lower education, and medical treatments, such as hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and breast cancer-related therapies. VMS patterns over time and within higher-risk subgroups are heterogeneous across women.


Assuntos
Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Menopausa/fisiologia , Sistema Vasomotor/fisiopatologia , Saúde da Mulher , Ansiedade/fisiopatologia , Fumar Cigarros , Depressão/fisiopatologia , Escolaridade , Feminino , Fogachos/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Menopausa/psicologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Risco
7.
Behav Brain Res ; 351: 178-187, 2018 10 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29885381

RESUMO

Emotional reactivity varies across the menstrual cycle although physiological findings are not entirely consistent. We assessed facial EMG and heart rate (HR) changes in healthy free cycling women (N = 45) with an emotional startle paradigm both during the early follicular and the late luteal phase, verified by repeated salivary 17ß-estradiol, progesterone and testosterone assessments. Cycle phase impacted startle responses with larger magnitudes during the luteal phase. Notably, this effect was only present when premenstrual symptoms and sequence of lab sessions were included as co-variates. At rest, participants showed a tendency towards higher HR and reduced high frequency (HF) power during the luteal phase indicating reduced parasympathetic tone. HF power was also negatively associated with startle magnitudes. HR changes in response to emotional images differed between the two cycle phases. Initial HR deceleration was more marked during the follicular phase particularly when viewing negative pictures. However, cycle phase did not significantly impact corrugator and zygomaticus activity in response to emotional pictures. Among the three gonadal steroids, correlation patterns were most consistent for testosterone. During the follicular phase, testosterone was associated with zygomaticus activity while viewing neutral or positive pictures and with less pronounced HR deceleration in response to negative images. During the luteal phase, testosterone was negatively associated with fear potentiated startle. The findings underscore the importance of considering menstrual cycle phase when investigating physiological indicators of emotion. However, the modulating effect of premenstrual symptoms also emphasizes potential inter-individual differences.


Assuntos
Emoções/fisiologia , Músculos Faciais/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual/psicologia , Reflexo de Sobressalto/fisiologia , Adulto , Eletrocardiografia , Eletromiografia , Estradiol/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático/fisiologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia , Progesterona/metabolismo , Saliva/metabolismo , Testosterona/metabolismo , Percepção Visual/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
8.
J Voice ; 32(2): 226-233, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28596097

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the anatomical and functional features of the vocal folds during different phases of the female menstrual cycle. METHODS: An observational study of 17 healthy fertile female volunteers not using hormonal contraception was carried out. Each volunteer underwent two examinations: first, during the early days of the menstrual cycle when progesterone levels are low (p-depletion), and second, during premenstruation when progesterone levels are high (p-peak). The workup included blood hormone levels, Voice Handicap Index, acoustic analysis, rigid telescopy, stroboscopy, and narrow band imaging. The videos were evaluated by blinded observers. RESULTS: The participants' mean age was 31.7 ± 5.6 (range 23-43). Progesterone levels were 13- to 45-fold higher in p-peak relative to p-depletion. No significant differences were detected in Voice Handicap Index scores, stroboscopic reports, or acoustic analysis between p-peak and p-depletion examinations. Analyzing the rigid telescopy and narrow band imaging videos, the observers tended to estimate the different laryngeal subsites more vascularized during the p-peak examination. Moreover, this tendency was significantly correlated with blood progesterone levels during the p-depletion examinations; the lower the blood progesterone levels were during p-depletion, the higher the probability for the observers to estimate the p-peak examinations more vascularized (P value = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in laryngeal vascular characteristics are evident throughout the menstrual cycle and may suggest increased congestion during premenstrual days. Variations in progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle correlate with laryngeal vascular changes. Hormone-related alterations in vocal folds' vascularity may have a role in the variability of vocal performance in certain women.


Assuntos
Laringe/irrigação sanguínea , Ciclo Menstrual , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/etiologia , Prega Vocal/irrigação sanguínea , Distúrbios da Voz/etiologia , Qualidade da Voz , Acústica , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Avaliação da Deficiência , Estradiol/sangue , Feminino , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Laringoscopia , Ciclo Menstrual/sangue , Imagem de Banda Estreita , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/sangue , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Progesterona/sangue , Estroboscopia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Gravação em Vídeo , Distúrbios da Voz/sangue , Distúrbios da Voz/diagnóstico , Distúrbios da Voz/fisiopatologia , Adulto Jovem
9.
J Int Med Res ; 45(1): 332-339, 2017 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28222642

RESUMO

Objectives This study aimed to predict patients who have caesarean operations under regional anaesthesia and are at risk for intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV), for ultimately prompting anaesthetists and surgeons to take preventive measures. Methods This was a retrospective study on 209 patients who had caesarean section under spinal-epidural combined regional anaesthesia. The relevant medical history, such as severe nausea and vomiting in the first trimester, smoking, a history of motion sickness, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS), were obtained from the patients' records and interviews. Results Patients who had a female neonate, a history of severe nausea and vomiting in the first trimester, and a history of PMS and motion sickness before pregnancy experienced a significantly higher rate of IONV. Smokers were less susceptible to IONV, but this was not significant. Conclusion This study shows that some factors in the medical history of a patient can help identify those who are more likely to suffer from IONV.


Assuntos
Anestesia por Condução , Antieméticos/uso terapêutico , Cesárea/efeitos adversos , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/diagnóstico , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Anestesia Obstétrica , Raquianestesia , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Enjoo devido ao Movimento/fisiopatologia , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/etiologia , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fumar/fisiopatologia
10.
Psychoneuroendocrinology ; 77: 158-164, 2017 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28064085

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The incidence of menstrual symptoms is reported to be as high as 90% in cyclic women. These symptoms, including anxiety and pain, might be associated with cortisol, as its receptors are widely distributed in the brain areas associated with behavior. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the cortisol awakening response (CAR) throughout the menstrual cycle and correlate it with pain perception and trait anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CAR was assessed by measuring salivary cortisol at 0, 15, 30, and 60min following awakening in the same women (n=59, age 22.2±0.37years) at various stages of the menstrual cycle (menses, midcycle, luteal and premenstrual phases). Progesterone and estradiol concentrations were also determined in saliva samples to assess cyclic changes. Self-reported pain, trait anxiety, and menstrual symptoms were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-T), and the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP), respectively. RESULTS: Estradiol was significantly elevated during the midcycle period and remained high during the early luteal phase (p<0.05). Progesterone was increased during the luteal phase (p<0.05). Post-awakening cortisol values increased during midcycle, luteal phase, and premenstrual phase (p<0.05, classical CAR), but not during the menses (p>0.05, blunted or flat CAR). Positive and significant correlations were found between cortisol and estradiol (R2=0.322; p=0.000), cortisol and progesterone (R2=0.156; p=0.000), and estradiol and progesterone (R2=0.349; p=0.001). Premenstrual symptom scores were higher in the menses and premenstrual phases than in the midcycle and luteal phases (p<0.001). Pain perception was the highest during the menses followed by the premenstrual phase (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: CAR was blunted during the menses, suggesting that cortisol might play a phase-specific role in the regulation of the cycle. Additionally, premenstrual symptoms, including pain, were more severe when ovarian steroid levels reduced (i.e., menses and the premenstrual phase).


Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Hidrocortisona/análise , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Percepção da Dor/fisiologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Estradiol/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Ciclo Menstrual/psicologia , Progesterona/análise , Saliva/química , Vigília/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
11.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr ; 84(7): 432-49, 2016 Jul.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27472002

RESUMO

Epidemiological studies indicate sex-specific differences in prevalence rates and the natural course of mental disorders. Affective, anxiety, somatoform and eating disorders are more prevalent in women than men, whereas substance use disorders occur more commonly in men, and some disorders are equally distributed in both sexes (e. g. psychotic disorders). The aim of this review is to depict the natural course of mental disorders during the reproductive stages (premenstrual phases, peripartum period, perimenopause) in women, including also neuroendocrine features associated with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, puerperium and perimenopause. Recommendations for sex-specific diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are provided.


Assuntos
Depressão Pós-Parto/diagnóstico , Depressão Pós-Parto/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Perimenopausa/psicologia , Período Periparto/psicologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Depressão Pós-Parto/epidemiologia , Depressão Pós-Parto/fisiopatologia , Estrogênios/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Perimenopausa/fisiologia , Período Periparto/fisiologia , Gravidez , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/epidemiologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Progesterona/sangue , Adulto Jovem
12.
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol ; 42(2): 123-8, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26054102

RESUMO

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is triggered by hormonal events ensuing after ovulation. The symptoms can begin in the early, mid, or late luteal phase and are not associated with defined concentrations of any specific gonadal or non-gonadal hormone. Women with PMS experience affective or somatic symptoms that cause severe dysfunction in social or occupational realms. Although evidence for a hormonal abnormality has not been established, the symptoms of the premenopausal disorders are related to the production of progesterone by the ovary. The progesterone metabolites may bind to a neurosteroid-binding site on the membrane of the neurotransmitters. Thus, ovulation suppression is an area of focus for diagnostic and treatment options. Many treatment studies have focused on suppression of ovulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa), high doses of transdermal estrogen, and bilateral oophorectomy all have positive evidence as treatment options for prevention of PMS. However, because of these limitations and their substantial intensive care, these do not appear to be appropriate methods for conventional treatment of PMS. Serotonergic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are well-established, highly effective, and first-line pharmacologic therapy.


Assuntos
Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/etiologia , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/uso terapêutico , Estradiol/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Fase Luteal , Ovariectomia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia
13.
J Obstet Gynaecol ; 35(4): 389-92, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25279689

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms, haematological and hormonal parameters in young women. A total of 30 participants aged 16-20 years and complaining of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) were randomly assigned into two groups: a control group received vitamin B6 and Ca supplements once daily and a study group received the same medical treatment and participated in treadmill training three times per week for 3 months. A premenstrual syndrome questionnaire (MSQ), complete blood picture and hormone assays were performed for the assessment of all participants at the start and after the end of the treatment course. The study group showed a significant decrease in all post-treatment subscale symptoms, scores and total score. Haemoglobin, haematocrit, red cell count and platelet count were significantly increased, while mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and white blood cell count showed no significant differences. There was also a significant decrease in prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone levels. In conclusion, aerobic exercise increases haemoglobin, haematocrit, red cell count and platelet count, and decreases levels of prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone, resulting in improvement of fatigue, impaired concentration, confusion and most premenstrual symptoms.


Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Exercício Físico , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual , Adolescente , Contagem de Eritrócitos/métodos , Estradiol/sangue , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Feminino , Hematócrito/métodos , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Contagem de Plaquetas/métodos , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/sangue , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/terapia , Progesterona/sangue , Prolactina/sangue , Inquéritos e Questionários , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
14.
Brain Res ; 1597: 129-38, 2015 Feb 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25481417

RESUMO

Prefrontal regions are involved in processing emotional stimuli and are a topic of interest in clinical and neurological research. Although sex steroids are potent neuromodulators, the influence of menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptive use is rarely taken into account in neuroimaging studies. Our purpose was to evaluate changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in women, as measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), with phases of the menstrual cycle and use of hormonal contraceptives, and to assess correlations with premenstrual symptoms.Three MRI sessions per cycle were obtained in the natural cycle group, and two sessions in the hormonal contraceptives group. In addition to an anatomical scan, single voxel MRS in the prefrontal area was performed. After quality control, 10 women with natural cycle and 21 women taking hormonal contraceptives were included for analysis. Peripheral blood samples were obtained to determine endogenous hormone concentrations. Subjects were asked to complete a daily rating of severity of problems questionnaire, to quantify premenstrual symptoms. In the natural cycle group, we found a significant increase in prefrontal GABA concentration at the time of ovulation. Conversely, in the hormonal contraceptives group, no differences were found between the pill phase and pill-free phase. GABA concentrations did not significantly correlate with endogenous hormone levels, nor with premenstrual symptoms. Our results indicate that spectroscopically measured GABA concentrations are higher during ovulation in women with a natural menstrual cycle. We suggest that neuroimaging studies should take into account this variability.


Assuntos
Anticoncepcionais Orais Hormonais/farmacologia , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Córtex Pré-Frontal/efeitos dos fármacos , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/metabolismo , Creatina/metabolismo , Estradiol/sangue , Feminino , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Humanos , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Ovulação/efeitos dos fármacos , Ovulação/fisiologia , Progesterona/sangue , Adulto Jovem
15.
Georgian Med News ; (235): 37-41, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25416214

RESUMO

To identify risks of development of any disease is a priority of modern medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of polymorphic variants of A-351G gene estrogen receptor ESR1 in patients with various forms of PMS. Molecular genetic analysis of ESR1 gene polymorphism in 50 women with PMS (25 women of them had edematous form of disease, 25 - neuropsychical, 25 - mild, 25 - severe form) was carried out. 25 women without diagnosis of PMS were examined as controls. The study A-351G polymorphism estrogen gene ESR1 showed no statistically significant differences in the frequency of distribution of genotypes and alleles between women with PMS and without this pathology. However, the frequency of GG genotype in women with severe PMS was significantly higher in 8.0 times compared with healthy women (χ2=4.87, p=0.03) and in women with edematous form of PMS - in 7.0 times (χ2=3.72, p=0.05). Thus, a polymorphic variant of A-351G gene ESR1 estrogen can be considered as a marker of PMS. Pathological variant GG genotype was significantly associated with the presence of edematous and severe forms of the disease.


Assuntos
Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/genética , Estrogênios/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Alelos , Feminino , Genótipo , Haplótipos , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Risco
16.
Post Reprod Health ; 20(4): 132-7, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25398672

RESUMO

An email survey of patients attending a PMS and Menopause Centre produced 238 patients whose principal presenting symptom was depression. Seventy-seven percent claimed to have had severe or moderate depression, 17% had had at least one psychotic episode and 14% had attempted suicide. Fifty-eight percent had seen a psychiatrist. Seventy-one percent had received antidepressants and 17% had received mood stabilising drugs. Twelve percent had been admitted to a psychiatric hospital and 3.8% had received electroconvulsive therapy. Sixty-eight percent had premenstrual syndrome as a teenager and 145 women (89%) out of 165 women who had been pregnant had no depression during pregnancy but 110 (66%) developed postnatal depression. Ninety-seven women (58%) who had been pregnant had suffered both premenstrual depression and postnatal depression. All were treated with transdermal estrogens and 93% also had transdermal testosterone. One hundred and seventy-one patients had a uterus and received cyclical progestogen to protect the endometrium and 63% of these developed the premenstrual syndrome-type symptoms of progesterone intolerance during the progestogen days. Thirty-five percent of patients claimed to be cured and 55% had a considerable improvement with estrogen therapy. Only 3.7% reported that there was no improvement. For 94%, the hormone therapy was a life-changing event for the better. None were worse. Forty patients had hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy for progesterone intolerance or heavy uterine bleeding and 38 replied that it was life changing for the better with less or no depression. It is concluded that premenstrual and postnatal depressions appear in the same vulnerable women. These women are typically well during pregnancy and are a sub group of reproductive depression which also develops climacteric depression in the transition phase. These types of depression are the product of hormonal changes and respond well to transdermal hormone therapy.


Assuntos
Depressão Pós-Parto/tratamento farmacológico , Depressão Pós-Parto/psicologia , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal/métodos , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia , Fenômenos Reprodutivos Fisiológicos , Administração Cutânea , Adulto , Depressão Pós-Parto/fisiopatologia , Implantes de Medicamento , Estrogênios/administração & dosagem , Estrogênios/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Progesterona/administração & dosagem , Progesterona/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Testosterona/administração & dosagem , Testosterona/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
Minerva Ginecol ; 66(4): 365-75, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25020055

RESUMO

AIM: The aim was to study prevalence of menstrual symptoms and their presenting patterns, and to assess nutrition and behaviours correlates. METHODS: The study enrolled 108 women, who were prospectively assessed for menstrual symptoms; a 212 items questionnaire about lifestyle and nutrition was administered. Diagnosis and intensity of symptoms were separately compared for dietary and other factors. The χ2 test or Fisher exact test as required and a multivariate analysis were performed. RESULTS: Seventeen percent of the sample reported no symptoms; core PMD was diagnosed in 14%, and related to symptoms of moderate intensity, to late menarche, irregular, long cycles, dysmenorrhoea, and to lower intake of complex carbohydrates, fibers, calcium; non-cyclical pattern in 27%, and related to symptoms of severe intensity, to young age, unemployed, to poor health, stress, traumatic events, abnormal BMI, to long, heavy menses, to lower intake of fibers, magnesium, vitamin B6, and to higher intake of fat, proteins, sodium, caffeine; variant PMD-premenstrual exacerbation in 42%, and related to symptoms of severe - moderate intensity, to young age, students, unemployed, sedentary work, abnormal BMI, stress, to cycle irregularities, heavy menses, to higher intake of simple sugars and sodium, and to lower intake of calcium, magnesium, and vitamin B6. Regardless of diagnosis, severe intensity of symptoms was associated with young age /students (P<0.001), lower education, unemployed, smoke, sedentary work, poor health, stress, heavy menses (P<0.01), dysmenorrhea, more unfavorable and less favorable nutrients. CONCLUSION: Lifestyle, nutrition, and general health considerations seem to be important issues in the management of menstrual symptoms, prospective symptoms chart being mandatory for diagnosis.


Assuntos
Dieta , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Estilo de Vida , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/epidemiologia , Adulto , Dismenorreia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Análise Multivariada , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
18.
Vertex rev. argent. psiquiatr ; 25(117): 370-6, 2014 Sep-Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1177006

RESUMO

Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by physical, cognitive, affective and behavioral symptoms that occur cyclically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolved quickly at the beginning or within few days after menstruation started. The most severe form is represented by premenstrual dysphoric disorder included in the DSM 5. Over 40


of women experience emotional symptoms such as irritability, tension, emotional lability; and physical symptoms such as breast tenderness, fatigue, and abdominal distension. It has not yet been established the underlying pathophysiological mechanism, although hypotheses related to sex hormones and the GABAergic and serotonergic regulation have been postulated. Treatment includes nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions, being serotonin reuptake inhibitors the first-line treatment.


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/terapia , Transtorno Disfórico Pré-Menstrual/diagnóstico , Transtorno Disfórico Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Transtorno Disfórico Pré-Menstrual/terapia
19.
Bol Asoc Med P R ; 105(3): 53-5, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24282923

RESUMO

Exacerbation of symptoms in mood disorders such as bipolar disorders, major depressive disorders and premenstrual dysphoric disorders could be influenced by the hormonal changes of the menstrual cycles in female patients. Menarche has been related to onset of mood symptoms, which at times have been described as menstrual psychoses and could represent an early presentation of Pediatric bipolar disorders. Pediatric bipolar disorders appear to be characterized by less clearly defined mood episodes, shorter duration of these episodes, and different hallmark symptoms than in adults. This report describes a pediatric patient who had no previous psychiatric symptoms and for whom menstrual psychosis was the presenting symptom of bipolar disorder not otherwise specified.


Assuntos
Transtorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/psicologia , Adolescente , Idade de Início , Anorexia/etiologia , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Bipolar/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Bipolar/fisiopatologia , Transtorno Bipolar/psicologia , Dibenzotiazepinas/uso terapêutico , Estrogênios/fisiologia , Feminino , Alucinações/etiologia , Humanos , Menarca , Transtornos Paranoides/etiologia , Periodicidade , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Agitação Psicomotora/etiologia , Fumarato de Quetiapina , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/etiologia
20.
Minerva Endocrinol ; 38(3): 305-19, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24126551

RESUMO

The excess in physical activity could be closely linked to considerable negative consequences on the whole body. These dysfunctions called as "female athlete triad"' by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) include amenorrhea, osteoporosis and disorder eating. The female athlete triad poses serious health risks, both on the short and on the long term, to the overall well-being of affected individuals. Sustained low energy availability can impair health, causing many medical complications within skeletal, endocrine, cardiovascular, reproductive and central nervous system. On the contrary, several studies have shown, that physical activity improves cardiovascular risk factors, hormonal profile and reproductive function. These improvements include a decrease in abdominal fat, blood glucose, blood lipids and insulin resistance, as well as improvements in menstrual cyclicity, ovulation and fertility, decreases in testosterone levels and Free Androgen Index (FAI) and increases in sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Other studies reported that physical activity improved self-esteem, depression and anxiety. Thus, the aim of this review is to elucidate the effect of physical exercise on female reproductive system and viceversa the impact of hormonal status on physical activity and metabolism. In addition this review supports the idea that physical exercise is a helpful tool for the management of obesity, prevention of cardiovascular, metabolic diseases and female reproductive organs related diseases (e.g. breast cancer). When the excess in physical activity leads up to the female athlete triad, it is imperative to treat each component of the triad by employing both pharmacological and non pharmacological treatments.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Reprodução/fisiologia , Amenorreia/etiologia , Amenorreia/fisiopatologia , Atletas , Peso Corporal , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/etiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/metabolismo , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/etiologia , Infertilidade Feminina/fisiopatologia , Distúrbios Menstruais/etiologia , Distúrbios Menstruais/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Osteoporose/etiologia , Osteoporose/fisiopatologia , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/etiologia , Síndrome Pré-Menstrual/fisiopatologia , Risco
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA