A história de uma mulher negra e gorda: cotidiano, afetividade e sexualidade / The story of a fat black woman: daily life, affectivity and sexuality

Resumo Toda mulher que foge do rígido padrão de beleza atual sofre julgamento, rejeição, críticas e é propícia à marginalização - este é o caso das mulheres gordas. O preconceito sofrido pelas pessoas gordas é chamado de gordofobia e limita a vida desses indivíduos, impedindo inclusive que estes vivenciem sua sexualidade plenamente. Este trabalho realizou um relato de caso sobre a percepção do corpo gordo por parte de uma mulher adulta, gorda, de baixa renda e negra e como o ser gorda perpassa a vida desta mulher e sua relação afetiva e sexual com seu companheiro. Constatou-se que as mulheres gordas sentem insatisfação em relação aos seus corpos e comparam-se aos estereótipos de beleza difundidos pela mídia, o que lhes causa frustração e sentimentos de inferioridade. Preconceito, isolamento e exclusão são constantes na vida das mulheres em função de seus corpos grandes e volumosos. Esse preconceito se potencializa nas mulheres negras, uma vez que o racismo é estrutural e a população negra segue sendo marginalizada. O sofrimento e o impacto do corpo gordo no cotidiano, na autoestima, na relação sexual e afetiva são constantemente pauta na vida da mulher gorda, e a gordofobia emerge como razão considerável de sofrimento psíquico, sobretudo para a mulher.

Abstract Every woman who runs away from the current rigid standard of beauty suffers judgment, rejection, criticism and is prone to marginalization, this is the case for fat women. The prejudice suffered by fat people is called fatphobia and limits the lives of these individuals, even preventing them from fully experiencing their sexuality. This work carried out a case report on the perception of the fat body according to an adult woman, fat, low-income, and black and how the fat permeating the life of this woman and her affective and sexual relationship with her partner. It was found that fat women feel dissatisfied with their bodies and compare themselves to the stereotypes of beauty spread by the media, which causes them frustration and feelings of inferiority. Prejudice, isolation, and exclusion are constant in women's lives due to their large and bulky bodies. This prejudice is potentiated in black women, since racism is structural, and the black population continues to be marginalized. Suffering and the impact of the fat body in daily life, in self-esteem, in sexual and emotional relationships are constantly on the agenda of fat women, and fatphobia emerges as a considerable reason for psychological suffering, especially for women.

Intersectionality and Health Behaviors Among US High School Students: Examining Race/Ethnicity, Sexual Identity, and Sex.

BACKGROUND: Little research exists examining the impact of multiple minority identities, particularly sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and sex on health-risk behaviors like mental health, substance use, violence, and sexual risk among high school students in the United States. In this study, we use a nationally representative dataset to examine differences between non-Hispanic white heterosexuals (HSs) and non-Hispanic white sexual minority, black HS, black sexual minority, Hispanic HS, and Hispanic sexual minority students. METHODS: Data from the 2015 wave of the Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System were used in this study. Chi-square and hierarchical logistic regression models examined differences between the groups on outcomes including: (1) mental health and suicide, (2) alcohol, tobacco, and illicit substances, (3) sexual risk and protective factors, and (4) school and physical and/or sexual violence. RESULTS: Whereas sexual minority youth (SMY) generally demonstrate poorer health outcomes compared to HSs, SMY who are also racial/ethnic minorities often have even poorer health outcomes, particularly relating to substance use, sexual risk behaviors, physical/sexual violence, and suicide. CONCLUSIONS: The need for culturally tailored education and school-based interventions that consider intersections between race/ethnicity, sexual identity, and biological sex are warranted to address health disparities related to mental health and suicide, substance use, sexual risk, and violence.

Erotización infantil y gramáticas afectivas: discursos sobre la infancia en la era 2. 0 en Argentina / Child erotization and affective grammar: discourses about childhood in the 2. 0 era in Argentina / Erotização infantil e gramáticas afetivas: discursos sobre a infância na era 2. 0 na Argentina

Resumen Basado en el análisis sociosemiótico de los discursos, deudor de Bajtin, Foucault y Angenot, el presente trabajo se propone abordar las diversas significaciones de la (a)sexualidad infantil en los discursos de prevención del acoso sexual de niños, niñas y adolescentes a través de internet -grooming- en la Argentina actual. En primera instancia, indagaremos en el espesor histórico del dispositivo de (a)sexualización infantil, regido por el modelo de estratificación de la sexualidad por edad. En segundo lugar, atenderemos cómo, en la industria cultural contemporánea, esas normas se ven desplazadas por otra tópica: la "hipersexualización" de la infancia. Ambas figuras cobran una particular complejidad en los discursos de prevención del grooming, que proponen un modo de gobierno fuertemente punitivo de la agencia sexual infantil.

Abstract Based on the sociosemiotic analysis of discourses inspired by Bajtin, Foucault and Angenot, the present work addresses the different meanings of child (a)sexuality in the sexual harassment of children and adolescents prevention discours on the internet-or grooming-in Argentina. We investigate the history of the (a)sexualization device of children, governed by the stratification model of sexuality by age. We will also analyze how in contemporary cultural industry these norms are displaced by another topic: the "hyper-sexualization" of childhood. Both figures are particularly complex in the grooming prevention discourses, which propose a strongly punitive mode of governing the sexual agency of children.

Resumo Baseado na análise sócio semiótica dos discursos, inspirada em Bajtin, Foucault e Angenot, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo abordar os diferentes significados da (a)sexualidade infantil nos discursos de prevenção do assédio sexual de crianças e adolescentes na internet - ou grooming - na Argentina. No primeiro caso, investigaremos a espessura histórica do dispositivo de (a)sexualização infantil, regido pelo modelo de estratificação da sexualidade por idade. Em segundo lugar, veremos como, na indústria cultural contemporânea, essas normas são substituídas por outro tópico: a "hipersexualização" da infância. As duas figuras possuem uma particular complexidade nos discursos de prevenção de grooming, que propõem um modo de governo fortemente punitivo da agência sexual infantil.

Te quiero...para una vez. Representaciones sociales del "sexo sin compromiso" en jóvenes mexicanos / Eu te quero...por uma vez. Rrepresentações sociais do "sexo sem compromisso" em jovens mexicanos / I want you...for once. Social representations of "casual sex" among young mexicans

Resumen Este artículo explora el campo semántico con el cual los jóvenes refieren y definen "sexo sin compromiso" (SSC) como objeto social, lo que permite identificar la estructura que subyace al contenido de la representación social de hombres y mujeres. El muestreo fue intencionado, se entrevistó y aplicó "listados libres" a 88 jóvenes. El análisis prototípico muestra que para quienes han tenido la experiencia de SSC, ésta representa un acto de decisión libre sobre su placer, y que las amistades se consideran parejas potenciales. En el caso de quienes no han tenido la experiencia, representa un acto sin pensar, que favorece los riesgos y la discriminación. Los hombres relacionan el SSC, principalmente, con "diversión" y "placer"; las mujeres, con "irresponsabilidad". Se discute sobre las normas sociales restrictivas que estigmatizan la práctica sexual, que evitan generar estrategias de cuidado y favorecen la violencia.

Resumo O estudo explora o campo semântico com o qual os jovens referem e definem "o sexo sem compromisso" (SSC) como um objeto social, o que permite identificar a estrutura subjacente ao conteúdo da representação social de homens e mulheres. A amostragem foi intencional, entrevistaram-se e aplicaram-se "listagens livres" para 88 jovens. A análise prototípica mostra que para aqueles que tiveram a experiência do SSC, essa prática representa um ato de decisão livre sobre o seu prazer e que as amizades são consideradas parceiros potenciais. No caso de quem não teve a experiência, representa um ato sem pensar que favorece os riscos e a discriminação. Os homens relacionam o SSC principalmente com "diversão" e "prazer"; as mulheres o relacionam com a "irresponsabilidade". Discute-se sobre as normas sociais restritivas que estigmatizam a prática sexual, evitam gerar estratégias de cuidados e favorecem a violência.

Abstract This study explores the semantic field with which young people refer to and define "casual sex" (CS) as a social object, identifying the structure underlying the content of the social representation of men and women. The sampling was intentional, with 88 interviews and "freelisting" with young people. The prototypical analysis show that for those who had the experience, this practice represents freedom of decision about their pleasure, and that friends are considered potential partners. In the case of those who did not have the experience, it represents a careless act, deemed risky and discriminated against. Men associate CS mainly with "fun" and "pleasure"; women associate it mostly to "irresponsibility". Restrictive social norms that stigmatize sexual practices, do not foster strategies of care and favor violence are discussed.

ATTITUDES TOWARDS AND PRACTICE OF SEXUALITY AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN LEBANON.

Sexuality is still a taboo in Middle Eastern countries, and Lebanon is no exception. This study's objective was to evaluate attitudes towards sexuality and its practice among university students in Lebanon and assess their respective correlates. The cross-sectional study was carried out among students selected from seventeen universities across Lebanon. The participants received a self-administered standardized questionnaire that assessed their attitudes towards sexuality. It included questions on socio-demographic factors, risk-taking, risky behaviours and sexuality-related questions. Among 3384 students, 2700 (79.8%) answered the questions on sexuality. Around 15% had engaged in sexual activity, while 20% were regularly sexually active. Among males, 34.8% had never had sexual activity, 29.9% had tried it and 35.3% were regularly sexually active. Among females the results were respectively 85.1%, 5.3% and 9.6% (p<0.001). Only 36% regularly used condoms during their relationships. A liberal attitude towards sex, male sex, motives for risky behaviours, current cigarette smoking and problematic alcohol consumption were associated with sexual activity. Realizing that risky behaviours are dangerous, health concerns related to sexual relationships and a liberal attitude towards sex were associated with regular condom use. However, being bothered by condoms and female sex were inversely associated with condom use. Finally, participants who had motives for, and those who felt excited about risky behaviours, and those reporting current cigarette and waterpipe smoking and problematic alcohol consumption (ß=0.600; p=0.002) embraced a more liberal attitude towards sex. Conversely, females (ß=-7.58; p<0.001) and individuals who considered risky behaviours as dangerous reported an unfavourable attitude towards sexuality. A substantial proportion of Lebanese university students have regular sexual activity, but a low percentage use condoms for protection. Interventions are required among males in particular in view of these attitude and behavioural changes towards sexuality.

Does Race Influence Health-related Quality of Life and Toxicity Following Proton Therapy for Prostate Cancer?

OBJECTIVE: This matched-paired analysis explores disparities in health-related quality of life (QOL) and common toxicities between African American (AA) and white patients following proton therapy for prostate cancer at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1536 men with clinically localized prostate cancer were treated from 2006 to 2009 with definitive proton therapy to a median dose of 78 Gy +/- androgen deprivation therapy. A cohort of 92 consecutively treated AA men was matched to a cohort of 92 white men on the basis of National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk category and age. The 2 groups were compared with regard to comorbidities, demographics, and treatment regimen. Differences in genitourinary and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events scale and QOL data from the Expanded Prostate Index Composite 26-question questionnaire were reported. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 2.1 years. Baseline patient and treatment characteristics were similar between the 2 groups with the exception of prostate-specific antigen ≥10 (32% for AAs vs. 20% for whites; P=0.068) and use of androgen deprivation therapy (26% for AAs vs. 21% for whites; P=0.38). No difference in Expanded Prostate Index Composite 26-question sexual summary, urinary incontinence, urinary obstruction, or bowel summary scores was detected between the 2 groups, nor was there a difference in grade 2 or higher GI toxicity (P=0.45). AAs had a statistically nonsignificant higher absolute incidence of late grade 3 genitourinary toxicity (4.4% vs. 0%; P=0.12). CONCLUSIONS: After 2 years, there were no disparities in health-related QOL, physician-reported Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events GI toxicity, or biochemical relapse. Longer follow-up is needed to confirm these findings.

La iniciación sexual entre mujeres de sectores vulnerables en cuatro provincias argentinas / A iniciação sexual entre mulheres de setores vulneráveis em quatro províncias argentinas / Sexual initiation among women from vulnerable social sectors in four Argentinean provinces

Este artículo examina el calendario y contexto en el que ocurre la iniciación sexual en base a una encuesta a 1571 mujeres adolescentes y jóvenes en tres capitales provinciales y en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires. En primer lugar, se analiza la edad a la que ocurre el debut sexual para las diferentes generaciones. Seguidamente, se aborda el rol que juegan el contexto de crianza, la escolaridad y el inicio de relaciones románticas en precipitar o retrasar la iniciación sexual. Finalmente, se describen las circunstancias en que ocurre la iniciación, incluyendo el vínculo con la pareja, el uso de anticoncepción, y el lugar que cumplen la escuela, la familia y el grupo de pares como fuente de información respecto de la sexualidad y los métodos anticonceptivos. El análisis compara la experiencia de las adolescentes con las de las jóvenes para identificar cambios generacionales en las circunstancias relativas al debut sexual.

O artigo examina o calendário e o contexto em que ocorre a iniciação sexual com base em uma pesquisa com 1.571 mulheres adolescentes e jovens em três capitais provinciais e na área metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Em primeiro lugar, analisa-se a idade em que acontece a estreia sexual para as diferentes gerações. Em seguida, aborda-se o papel que representam o contexto de criação, a escolaridade e o início de relações românticas em precipitar ou atrasar a iniciação sexual. Finalmente, descrevem-se as circunstâncias em que ocorre a iniciação, incluindo o vínculo com o parceiro, o uso de anticoncepcional, e o lugar que cumprem a escola, a família e o grupo de pares como fonte de informação em relação à sexualidade e aos métodos anticoncepcionais. A análise compara a experiência das adolescentes com as das jovens para identificar mudanças entre gerações nas circunstâncias relativas à estreia sexual.

The article examines the timing and context of sexual initiation based on a survey of 1571 female adolescents and young women (18 to 24 y.o.) in three Argentinean provinces and the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. Firstly, we describe the age at which sexual debut took place for different generations. Then, we analyze the role played by family, school and romantic relations in precipitating or delaying sexual initiation. Finally, we describe the circumstances of debut, including type of relation with partner, use of contraception, and the role played by school, family and peers regarding information on sexuality and contraception. We compare the experience of adolescents and young women to identify generational changes in the timing and context of the transition to sexual initiation.

Gender and sexuality of people with mental disorders in Brazil / Género y sexualidad de las personas con trastornos mentales en Brasil / Gênero e sexualidade das pessoas com transtornos mentais no Brasil

The goal of this study was to understand the ways of living and thinking about sexuality of people with mental disorders. Open interviews were conducted with men and women in public mental health services in Brazil. Transcrips were examined based on the proposal of sexual scripts. Major imbalances coming from conceptions of masculinity and femininity in society were identified in the sexual scripts experienced by these men and women. Interviewees have little pleasure in their sexual lives, with recurrent complaints of sexual abuse, even by steady partners; prejudice; and lack of affection in their relationships. Additionally, they were found to have few self-care skills concerning sexual health, in a context marked by social exclusion. The results showed the need to promote sexual health as a human right, and fight gender stereotypes, which cause so much damage to the sexual health of people with mental disorders.

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender las formas de vivir y de pensar acerca de la sexualidad de las personas con trastornos mentales. Fueron realizadas entrevistas abiertas con hombres y mujeres en servicios públicos de salud mental en Brasil y las mismas fueron examinadas con base en la propuesta de scripts sexuales. En los scripts sexuales experimentados por hombres y mujeres fueron identificados los desequilibrios propios de los conceptos de masculinidad y feminidad de la sociedad . Las y los entrevistados tienen poco placer en sus vidas sexuales, con recurrentes denuncias de abuso sexual, inclusive por parte de sus parejas estables; prejuicios; y falta de afecto en sus relaciones. Además, fueron encontradas escasas habilidades de autocuidado relativas a la salud sexual, en un contexto marcado por la exclusión social. Los resultados mostraron la necesidad de promover la salud sexual como un derecho humano y combatir los estereotipos de género, que causan mucho daño a la salud sexual de las personas con trastornos mentales.

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as formas de viver e de pensar a respeito da sexualidade das pessoas com transtornos mentais. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com homens e mulheres em serviços públicos de saúde mental no Brasil e elas foram examinadas com base na proposta de scripts sexuais. Nos scripts sexuais experimentados por homens e mulheres, foram identificados os desequilíbrios próprios dos conceitos de masculinidade e feminilidade da sociedade. As entrevistadas e os entrevistados têm pouco prazer em suas vidas sexuais, com recorrentes denúncias de abuso sexual, inclusive por parte de seus companheiros estáveis; prejuízos; e falta de afeto em suas relações. Além disso, foram encontradas escassas habilidades de autocuidado relativas à saúde sexual, em um contexto marcado pela exclusão social. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de promover a saúde sexual como um direito humano e combater os estereótipos de gênero que causam muito dano à saúde sexual das pessoas com transtornos mentais.

Sexualidad(es) y colectividad. La vigilancia y el juzgamiento social como mecanismos de producción corporal / Sexualidade(es) e coletividade. A vigilância e o julgamento social como mecanismos de produção corporal / Sexualities and colectivity: The surveillance and the social judgment as mechanisms for the corporal production

Este artículo aborda la vigilancia y el juzgamiento social como mecanismos de producción y legitimación del cuerpo, claves para comprender los procesos de socialización de mujeres pertenecientes a la clase media de Santiago de Chile. Se basa en la revisión crítica de los resultados de un estudio empírico sobre significados que mujeres santiaguinas de estratos sociales medios construyen en relación a su cuerpo, a través de entrevistas acerca de sus prácticas sexuales, en particular, respecto del uso de juguetes sexuales. Los procesos de socialización de género que regulan el comportamiento sexual de dichas mujeres involucran prácticas de legitimación social de las corporalidades, así como de vigilancia y juzgamiento interpersonal en sus entornos inmediatos.

Este artigo aborda a vigilância e o julgamento social como mecanismos de produção e legitimação do corpo, que são chaves para compreender os processos de socialização de mulheres pertencentes à classe média de Santiago do Chile. Se baseia na revisão crítica dos resultados de um estudo empírico sobre significados que mulheres santiaguinas de estratos sociais médios constroem em relação ao seu corpo, atraves de entrevistas respeito de suas práticas sexuais, especificamente quanto ao uso de brinquedos sexuais. Os processos de socialização de gênero que regulam o comportamento sexual de tais mulheres envolvem práticas de legitimação social das corporalidades, assim como de vigilância e julgamento interpessoal nos seus entornos imediatos.

This article addresses surveillance and social judgment as mechanisms of female body production and legitimation, which play a key role in the gender socialization of middle-class women in Santiago, Chile. It is based on a critical review of the main findings of a study on the meanings produced by middle-class women about their bodies, while interviewed about their sexual practices, in particular about their use of sex toys. The socialization processes whereby women’s sexuality is regulated involve the legitimation of women’s bodies, as well as their surveillance and social judgment in everyday settings.

Corpo aberto, rua sem saída. Cartografia da pegação em João Pessoa / Cuerpo abierto, calle sin salida: cartografía del levante en João Pessoa / Open bodies, dead end streets: a cartography of cruising in João Pessoa, Brazil

O presente trabalho se insere na interseção entre os estudos de gênero e a antropologia urbana. A pesquisa etnográfica foi desenvolvida entre os anos de 2012 e 2014 na cidade de João Pessoa. No presente artigo buscamos apresentar agentes e espaços que compõem um circuito caracterizado pela busca de trocas eróticas e sexuais sem vínculos afetivos ou interesses financeiros entre homens que não necessariamente identificam a si mesmos como homossexuais: a pegação. A pesquisa aponta para relações de permeabilidade entre pessoas e lugares, bem como para processos de tensionamento de modelos identitários através de uma experiência marcada pela fluidez e a eventualidade, engendrando um contínuo processo de reinvenção do espaço e dos próprios envolvidos, ainda que submetida a mecanismos de controle social.

Este artículo se localiza en la intersección entre los estudios de género y la antropología urbana. Basado en una investigación de carácter etnográfico desarrollada entre los años 2012 y 2014 en la ciudad de João Pessoa, (Paraíba, Nordeste de Brasil), el artículo presenta los agentes y espacios que conforman un circuito de sociabilidad homoerótica caracterizado por la búsqueda de intercambios eróticos y sexuales sin elementos emocionales o intereses financieros, entre hombres que no necesariamente se identifican como homosexuales (el levante). La investigación apunta a las relaciones de permeabilidad entre personas y lugares, así como a los procesos de tensión de modelos identitarios, a través de una experiencia marcada por la fluidez y la eventualidad, generando un continuo proceso de reinvención, tanto del espacio como de los involucrados, sometido a mecanismos de control social.

The article is located at an intersection between gender studies and urban anthropology. Based on ethnographic research conducted between 2012 and 2014 in João Pessoa, State of Paraíba (Northeastern Brazil), we present the agents and spaces that make up a circuit homoerotic sociability known to locals as “pegação,” i.e., cruising for erotic and sexual exchanges without emotional ties or financial interest by men who do not necessarily self-identify as homosexual. Findings indicate relations of permeability between people and places, as well as the tensioning of identity models through an experience marked by fluidity and eventuality, generating a continuous process of reinvention of space and of those involved themselves, while subjected to mechanisms of social control.

Body image and sexuality in Indonesian adults with a disorder of sex development (DSD).

In Indonesia, disorders of sex development (DSDs) are not well recognized and medical care for affected individuals is scarce. Consequently, many patients live with ambiguous genitalia and appearance. We compared reported outcomes on body image, sexual functioning, and sexual orientation of 39 adults with DSDs (aged 18 to 41) and 39 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and residential setting (urban, suburban, rural). Differences in gender and treatment status (treated or untreated) were also explored. On body image, adults with DSDs reported dissatisfaction with sex-related body parts. Compared to the matched controls, women with DSDs reported greater sexual distress, and men with DSDs reported lower erectile and ejaculation frequencies, and more dissatisfaction with sexual life but not with sexual desire and activities. Men with DSDs who had undergone genital surgery reported higher erectile and ejaculation frequencies than untreated men. More women than men in the DSDs group reported a nonexclusive heterosexual orientation. DSDs and infertility had a great impact on sexuality. Fear of ostracism complicated DSD acceptance. Findings were compared to those of Western studies. Based on these results, education about DSDs and their psychosexual consequences may help reduce the sexual distress and problems in adults with DSDs and improve quality of life.

"Como un trabajo" Tensiones entre sentidos de lo laboral y la sexualidad en mujeres que hacen sexo comercial en Argentina / "Como um trabalho". Tensões entre sentidos do trabalho e a sexualidade em mulheres que fazem sexo comercial na Argentina / "Like a job". Tensions between meanings of labor and sexuality among women who perform commercial sex in Argentina.

Los feminismos han entablado una discusión acerca de la prostitución que ha devenido un debate polarizado. Dejando de lado este esquema dicotómico -prostitución como violencia o como trabajo- este artículo aborda las miradas de las propias mujeres dedicadas al sexo comercial desde la cotidianeidad de su práctica. A partir de entrevistas y observaciones realizadas en tres ciudades de Argentina, se describen y analizan las visiones de mujeres dentro y fuera de las organizaciones que las nuclean y en diversas modalidades de sexo comercial. Se busca comprender los sentidos nativos asociados al "trabajo" y las tensiones en su articulación con el sexo comercial, por un lado, y con las concepciones de sexualidad, por el otro. Finalmente, el artículo plantea la necesidad de reflexionar sobre las características singulares que adquieren los discursos de estas mujeres en el contexto local, que no siempre pueden ser comprendidas desde las líneas de lectura más usuales...

Os feminismos estabeleceram uma discussão a respeito da prostituição que ocasionou um debate polarizado. Deixando de lado este esquema dicotômico - prostituição como violência ou como trabalho - este artigo aborda os olhares das próprias mulheres dedicadas ao sexo comercial desde a cotidianidade de sua prática. A partir de entrevistas e observações realizadas em três cidades da Argentina, descrevem-se e analisam-se as visões de mulheres dentro e fora das organizações que lhes servem de núcleo e em diversas modalidades de sexo comercial. Busca-se compreender os sentidos nativos associados ao "trabalho" e as tensões em sua articulação com o sexo comercial, por um lado, e com as concepções de sexualidade, por outro. Finalmente, o artigo estabelece a necessidade de refletir sobre as características singulares que adquirem os discursos destas mulheres no contexto local, que nem sempre podem ser compreendidas a partir das linhas de leitura mais usuais...

The feminist discussion on prostitution has become a polarized debate. Leaving aside the prostitution as violence / prostitution as labor dichotomy, this article addresses the views of women who engage in commercial sex from their everyday life in that practice. Drawing on interviews and observations conducted in three cities of Argentina, the views of women who do and do not belong to organizations, and in various forms of commercial sex, are described and analyzed. The native meanings associated to "work" are considered in line with the tensions in its articulation with commercial sex, on the one hand, and with conceptions of sexuality, on the other. The article finally argues for the need to rethink the singular characteristics acquired by the discourses of these women in their local context, which the more usual viewpoints overlook...

Novas tecnologias de intervenção na sexualidade: o panorama latino-americano / New technological interventions on sexuality: the Latin American panorama / Nuevas tecnologías de intervención en sexualidad: el panorama latinoamericano

Este artigo busca refletir sobre o desinteresse pela área que congrega estudos e intervenções clínicas sobre a sexualidade por parte dos estudiosos críticos da sexualidade como campo político na América Latina. Iniciamos com um panorama sobre as sexualidades e as políticas na América Latina e, em seguida, apresentamos um panorama histórico do campo da sexologia e da medicina sexual na região. Procuramos argumentar que considerar a medicalização da sexualidade apenas como uma forma da sua despolitização deixa de lado aspectos importantes do processo, em especial no que diz respeito à produção de novos sujeitos na esfera do consumo. Em nossas conclusões realizamos uma reflexão crítica acerca do crescente consumo de biotecnologias na esfera da sexualidade e das concepções que lhes são subjacentes, buscando ressaltar seu aspecto eminentemente político.

This essay deals with the lack of interest in the studies and clinical interventions on sexuality on the part of those who have a critical view of sexuality as a political field in Latin America. We begin with an overview on the field of sexualities and politics in Latin America and then go on to present a historical overview of the field of sexology and Sexual Medicine in the same region. We argue that to consider the medicalization of sexuality merely as a part of its depoliticization leaves out important aspects of the process, especially regarding the production of new subjects in the sphere of consumption. In our conclusions we conduct a critical analysis of the growing use of biotechnology in the field of sexuality, as well as the concepts that underlie this use, seeking to highlight their eminently political aspect.

Este artículo reflexiona sobre el desinterés por estudios e invervenciones clínicas en sexualidad por parte de aquellos estudiosos que tienen una visión crítica de la sexualidad como campo político en América Latina. Comienza con un panorama sobre las sexualidades y las políticas en América Latina y, a continuación, se presenta un panorama histórico del campo de la sexología y de la medicina sexual en la región. Se argumenta que considerar la medicalización de la sexualidad sólo como una forma de su despolitización deja de lado aspectos importantes de ese proceso, en especial los relativos a la producción de nuevos sujetos en la esfera del consumo. En las conclusiones, se realiza una reflexión crítica sobre el creciente consumo de biotecnología en la esfera de la sexualidad y de las concepciones subyacentes a éste, buscando descatar su aspecto eminentemente político.

Pigmentocracia dei deseo en el mercado sexual Trans de Cali, Colombia / Pigmentocracy of desire in the trans sexual market in Cali, Colombia / Pigmentocracia do desejo no mercado sexual Trans de Cali, Colômbia

Este artículo analiza el efecto de la condición étnico/racial para las mujeres negras Trans en el mercado sexual Trans femenino en Cali, Colombia. Se trata de un estudio sobre el trabajo sexual desde una perspectiva interseccional, a través de los aportes del black feminism, articulando raza como color de piel, auto-identidad de sexo/género, clase social y grupo etario, en la producción y consumo de servicios sexuales ofrecidos por mujeres no biológicas, que realizan en determinados casos el trabajo de peluquería. La hipótesis indica, como efecto más importante que el "exotismo de los cuerpos negros", en el juego de los capitales eróticos, valoriza sobremanera las "mujeres masculinas" o "activas" dotadas con "pene potente". Ello, debido a la confluencia entre clientes cuya fantasia sexual se recrea en una mujer fálica, y hombres biológicos, jóvenes de clases populares, en su mayoría negros, que reconstruyen sus identidades de sexo/género y encuentran en el mercado sexual un espacio laboral.

This article analyzes the effect of black trans women's ethnic/racial condition in the female trans sex market in the city of Cali, Colombia. The study looked at sex work from an intersectional perspective, with the contributions of Black Feminism, articulating race as skin color, sex/gender self-identity, social class and age group in the production and consumption of sex services offered by not-biologically-born women who sometimes work as hairdressers. We argue that the "exoticism of black bodies" as erotic capital gives a high value to the "wellendowed male" or "active" black woman with a "potent penis", in the confluence of clients whose sexual fantasy valorizes a phallic woman, and lower class male-born black youths who reconstruct their sex/gender identities and find a labor niche in the sex market.

Este artigo analisa o efeito da condição étnico/racial para as mulheres negras trans no mercado sexual trans feminino em Cali, Colômbia. Trata-se de um estudo sobre o trabalho sexual a partir de uma perspectiva interseccional, através das contribuições do black feminism, articulando raça como cor de pele, autoidentidade de sexo/gênero, classe social e grupo etário na produção e no consumo de serviços sexuais oferecidos por mulheres não biológicas, que realizam, em determinados casos, o trabalho de cabeleireiras. A hipótese indica que o "exotismo dos corpos negros", no jogo dos capitais eróticos, valoriza sobremaneira as "mulheres masculinas" ou "ativas" dotadas de "pênis potente". Isto devido à convergência entre clientes cuja fantasia sexual se recria em uma mulher fálica e em homens biológicos, jovens de classes populares, em sua maioria negros, que reconstroem suas identidades de sexo/ gênero e encontram no mercado sexual um espaço de trabalho.

Límites, excedentes y placeres: prácticas y discursos en torno al trabajo sexual en una zona rural de México / Limits, excesses and pleasures: practices and discourses on sexual work in a Mexican rural community / Limites, excessos e prazeres: práticas e discursos em torno do trabalho sexual em uma zona rural do México

En una pequena ciudad de la costa mexicana del Pacífico se encuentra una zona de tolerancia donde un grupo de trabajadoras sexuales, separadas del resto de la ciudad por contenedores de basura, ofrece sus servicios a los hombres de la localidad. Las mujeres se presentan, material y simbólicamente, como agentes regulatorias de una sexualidad masculina que se construye desbordante e insaciable y que, de no ser por ellas, amenazaría el orden social fundado en la familia. A partir de entrevistas realizadas con trabajadoras y con autoridades municipales, en este artículo se analizan las maneras en que un sistema de sexo-género produce localmente una serie de limites cuyos ejes son, al tiempo, geográficos y subjetivos: la periferia y el control, cuerpo e intimidad, y la frontera de la animalidad.

In a small city in the Pacific coast of Mexico there is a red-light district where a group of sex workers, separated from the rest of the town by trash containers, offer their services to local men. The women present themselves both materially and symbolically as regulatory agents of a male sexuality understood as overflowing and insatiable and which, were it not for them, would threaten a social order founded in the family. Drawing from interviews with sex workers and municipal authorities, this article discusses the ways in which a sexgender system produces local borders which are both geographical and subjective: periphery and control, body and intimacy, and the boundaries of humanity and heterosexuality.

Em uma pequena cidade da costa mexicana do Pacífico se encontra uma zona de tolerância onde um grupo de trabalhadoras sexuais, separadas do resto da cidade por contêineres de lixo, oferece seus serviços aos homens da localidade. As mulheres se apresentam material e simbolicamente como agentes reguladoras de uma sexualidade masculina que se constrói de forma transbordante e insaciável e que, se não fosse por elas, ameaçaria a ordem social baseada na família. A partir de entrevistas realizadas com trabalhadoras e com autoridades municipais, neste artigo se analisam as maneiras com que um sistema de sexo-gênero produz localmente uma série de limites cujos eixos são, ao mesmo tempo, geográficos e subjetivos: a periferia e o controle, corpo e intimidade e a fronteira da animalidade.

Sexual orientation disparities in cancer-related risk behaviors of tobacco, alcohol, sexual behaviors, and diet and physical activity: pooled Youth Risk Behavior Surveys.

OBJECTIVES: We examined sexual orientation disparities in cancer-related risk behaviors among adolescents. METHODS: We pooled data from the 2005 and 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. We classified youths with any same-sex orientation as sexual minority and the remainder as heterosexual. We compared the groups on risk behaviors and stratified by gender, age (< 15 years and > 14 years), and race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Sexual minorities (7.6% of the sample) reported more risk behaviors than heterosexuals for all 12 behaviors (mean = 5.3 vs 3.8; P < .001) and for each risk behavior: odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 1.4) to 4.0 (95% CI = 3.6, 4.7), except for a diet low in fruit and vegetables (OR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.5, 0.8). We found sexual orientation disparities in analyses by gender, followed by age, and then race/ethnicity; they persisted in analyses by gender, age, and race/ethnicity, although findings were nuanced. CONCLUSIONS: Data on cancer risk, morbidity, and mortality by sexual orientation are needed to track the potential but unknown burden of cancer among sexual minorities.

Uma nova pedagogia da sexualidade para homens: discursos midiáticos e suas reverberações / A new pedagogy of sexuality for men: media discourse and its reverberations

Este artigo, norteado pelos conceitos de gênero, masculinidades e sexualidade, analisa os discursos de homens e da revista Men's Health acerca dos aprendizados sobre sexualidade. Foram analisados os editoriais da revista dos anos de 2008 e 2009, as edições desse último ano, e discursos de homens durante entrevistas e grupos focais. Concluímos que a revista apresenta a ideia de uma nova pedagogia da sexualidade para homens, algo novo entre as publicações masculinas, e, com relação aos informantes, que as variáveis classe social, geração e vinculação ao modelo dominante de masculinidade influem fortemente em seus aprendizados sobre sexualidade e na aceitação dessa pedagogia na revista.

This paper, guided by the concepts of gender, masculinity and sexuality, analyzes the speeches of men and Men's Health magazine about learning on sexuality. We analyzed the editorial of the magazine issues in 2008 and 2009, 2009 editions, and speeches of men during interviews and focus groups. We conclude that the magazine presents the idea of a new pedagogy of sexuality for men, something new in publications for men, and, concerning the informants, the variables social class, generation and adherence to the dominant model of masculinity have considerable influence on their learning about sexuality and acceptance of this pedagogy in the magazine.

A systematic review of the aetiology of tobacco disparities for sexual minorities.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the literature examining risk factors/correlates of cigarette smoking among lesbian, gay and bisexual (ie, sexual minority) populations. METHODS: Sets of terms relevant to sexual minority populations and cigarette smoking were used in a simultaneous search of 10 databases through EBSCOhost. The search was limited to the peer-reviewed literature up to January 2011, using no geographic or language limits. For inclusion, the paper was required to: (1) have been written in English, (2) have sexual minorities (defined by either attraction, behaviour, or identity) included in the study population and (3) have examined some form of magnitude of association for risk factors/correlates of any definition of cigarette smoking. A total of 386 abstracts were reviewed independently, with 26 papers meeting all inclusion criteria. Abstracts were reviewed and coded independently by authors JB and JGLL using nine codes derived from the inclusion/exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Studies used various measures of sexual orientation and of smoking. Risk factors that could be considered unique to sexual minorities included internalised homophobia and reactions to disclosure of sexual orientation. Some studies also indicated common smoking risk factors experienced at higher rates among sexual minorities, including stress, depression, alcohol use and victimisation. CONCLUSIONS: This review identified risks that were associated with sexual minority status and common to the general population but experienced at potentially higher rates by sexual minorities. Government and foundation funds should be directed towards research on the origins of this disparity.

La sexualidad en adolescentes de la secundaria básica Viet Nam / Sexuality of adolescent students in Viet Nam junior high school

Introducción: en la actualidad existe en los adolescentes una temprana iniciación de las relaciones sexuales y cambios en la actitud social hacia la sexualidad. Objetivo: identificar las particularidades y conocimientos sobre sexualidad en adolescentes. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva y transversal en adolescentes entre los 12 y 15 años, de la secundaria básica Viet Nam del municipio Arroyo Naranjo, durante los años 2009-2010. El universo estuvo constituido por 296 estudiantes y la muestra por 150, seleccionados mediante sorteo hasta completar 50 estudiantes de cada año. La información se obtuvo de una encuesta validada por el Ministerio de Educación. Todos los seleccionados expresaron su consentimiento para participar en la investigación. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino y los adolescentes de 15 años. El inicio de las relaciones sexuales fue a los 14 años en los muchachos y a los 15 en las muchachas; 72 (56,69 porciento) adolescentes utilizaron el condón en su primera vez. Las principales vías de obtención de información fueron los padres, profesores y la información televisiva. Hubo mayor conocimiento sobre VIH-sida, gonorrea y sífilis y menor sobre, herpes simple y clamidia. El condón resultó ser el método anticonceptivo más conocido. Conclusiones: hay un inicio precoz en las relaciones sexuales y poco conocimiento acerca de los métodos anticonceptivos biológicos o naturales, lo que pudiera estar indicando la importancia que tiene la familia, sobre todo los padres, los profesores y médicos de familia, en incrementar y mantener la labor educativa con los jóvenes en relación con la sexualidad

Introduction: there exists an early onset of sexual relations in adolescents at present, together with changes in the social attitude towards sexuality. Objective: to identify the particularities of and the knowledge on sexuality in adolescents. Methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive research study was conducted in 12 to 15 years-old adolescent students from Viet Nam junior high school located in Arroyo Naranjo municipality, during 2010 and 2011. The universe of study was 296 students from whom 150 finally made up the sample. They were randomly selected to complete 50 students representing each grade. A survey validated by the Ministry of Education served to collect information. All the participants gave their consent to be included in the study. Results: males and 15 years-old adolescents prevailed. The onset of sexual relations occurred at the age of 14 years for boys and 15 years for girls. Seventy two (56.69 percent) adolescents used condom in their first sexual intercourse. The main channels of information were the parents, the professors and the TV programs. There were greater knowledge on HIV-aids, gonorrhea, and syphilis than on herpes simple and Chlamydia. Condom was the most common and known contraceptive method. Conclusions: this study showed the early onset of sexual relations and the poor knowledge about biological and natural contraceptive methods, which might point to the importance of the family, particularly the parents, the professors and the family physicians, in the increase and continuation of the educational work with the young people in terms of sexuality

Israeli and Chinese partners of women with breast cancer: a cross-cultural view of marital issues.

OBJECTIVE: Cultural nuances may influence the interface between the cancer experience and marital issues, specifically for the partner. Most of the literature has focused on the woman's narrative or couple's adjustment to cancer in general. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the marital relationship, sexuality, and marital adjustment of Israeli and Chinese husbands of women with breast cancer and the discussion of the health-care team concerning these issues. METHODS: A convenience sample of 50 Chinese and 50 Israeli men, ages of 28-79 years, completed components of the Psychological Adjustment to Illness Scale, the Locke Wallace Adjustment Scale, and a background questionnaire. RESULTS: The majority of husbands were in their first marriage. The average time since diagnosis was 16.7 months. No significant difference was found between the two groups on issues of marital relationship. Significant differences were found between Israeli and Chinese husbands on sexual interest, pleasure, and performance (p<0.05). Israeli husbands reported a significantly higher level of marital adjustment as opposed to the Chinese husbands (p = 0.006). Marital adjustment for both groups was significantly related only to perceived quality of the relationship (p<0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Significant cultural differences were found in sexuality variables with no differences discerned on marital relationship variables. Couple-based interventions for marital issues are a critical component of support for both partners. Culturally sensitive assessment and care of the spouse as well as the woman with breast cancer should be part of a holistic, comprehensive family care plan.