Especies de Malassezia causantes de pitiriasis versicolor en Paraguay / Malassezia species causative of pityriasis versicolor in Paraguay

Resumen Introducción: La pitiriasis versicolor es una patología frecuente en Paraguay; sin embargo, su epidemiologia es desconocida. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de especies de Malassezia causantes de pitiriasis versicolor y las características epidemiológicas de la población. Materiales y Métodos: Se recolectaron muestras de pacientes con diagnóstico presuntivo de pitiriasis versicolor. El diagnóstico de laboratorio se realizó mediante examen en fresco y cultivo en agar Dixon modificado y agar cromogénico Chromagar Malassezia®, incubados a 32°C; y la identificación por las características macro y micromorfológicas, pruebas bioquímicas y fisiológicas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 102 pacientes (51% femenino), de 1 mes a 63 años de edad, predominando el grupo de 11 a 20 años (35,3%). La localización más frecuente fue el dorso (60,8%). Predominaron las formas hipocrómicas (48%). La especie más frecuente fue M. globosa (52,9%), seguida de M. furfur (24,5%), M. sympodialis (18,6%) y M. slooffiae (6,9%). Conclusiones: La epidemiología observada es similar a otros estudios sudamericanos, no hace distinción de sexo, se presenta predominantemente en la forma clínica hipocrómica y M. globosa aparece como principal responsable. Este es el primer reporte sobre las especies causantes de pitiriasis versicolor en Paraguay y las características de la población con esta patología.

Background: Pityriasis versicolor is a frequent pathology in Paraguay; however, its epidemiology is unknown. Aim: To determine the frequency of Malassezia species causing pityriasis versicolor and the epidemiological characteristics of the population. Methods: Samples from patients with a presumptive diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor were collected. Laboratory diagnosis was carried out by fresh examination and culture in modified Dixon agar and chromogenic Chromagar Malassezia®, incubated at 32° C, and identification by macro and micromorphological features, biochemical and physiological tests. Results: 102 patients were included (51% female) from 1 month to 63 years of age, the predominant age group was 11-20 years (35.3%). The most frequent location was on the back (60.8%). Hipocromic clinical forms (48%) predominated. The most frequent species was M. globosa (52.9%), followed by M. furfur (24.5%), M. sympodialis (18.6%) and M. slooffiae (6.9%). Conclusions: The observed epidemiology is similar to other South American studies, with no sex distinction, predominantly hypochromic clinical form and as primary responsible species appears M. globosa. This is the first report on species causing pityriasis versicolor in Paraguay and the characteristics of the affected population.

Dermatophytes and other associated fungi in patients attending to some hospitals in Egypt

Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi that infect keratinized tissues causing diseases known as dermatophytoses. Dermatophytes are classified in three genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. This investigation was performed to study the prevalence of dermatomycosis among 640 patients being evaluated at the dermatology clinics at Kasr elainy, El-Husein and Said Galal hospitals in Cairo and Giza between January 2005 and December 2006. The patients were checked for various diseases. Tinea capitis was the most common clinical disease followed by tinea pedis and tinea corporis. Tinea cruris and tinea unguium were the least in occurrence. Tinea versicolor also was detected. The most susceptible persons were children below 10 years followed by those aged 31–40 years. Unicellular yeast was the most common etiological agent and T. tonsuranswas the second most frequent causative agent followed by M. canis.

Sixteen years o Pityriasis Versicolor in metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil / Dezesseis anos de Pitiríase Versicolor na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Sul do Brasil

SUMMARYPityriasis versicolor is the most common of the diseases caused by Malasseziayeasts. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of pityriasis versicolor and its etiological aspects in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil. A retrospective crosssectional study with data from patients of a reference hospital from 1996 to 2011 was performed. Collected data included: date, age, gender, ethnicity, anatomical region of lesion and the direct mycological examination results. Among the positive results in the direct mycological examination, 5.8% (2,239) were positive for pityriasis versicolor. The angular coefficient (B) was -0.3%/year, showing a decrease over the years. The disease was more prevalent in men (7.1% of men versus 5.1% of women that underwent the direct mycological examination); younger age (median 31 years old); "pardo" and black people (3.7% more than expected in the sample); trunk (73.44% of the affected anatomic sites). Lesions in rare sites (groin, genitals, legs, feet and hands) were also observed in this study. In conclusion, due to the decrease in the prevalence of pityriasis versicolor, long-term epidemiological studies in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, are needed to continue the monitoring of this disease.

RESUMOPitiríase versicolor é a mais comum das doenças causadas pelas leveduras do gênero Malassezia. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a prevalência de pitiríase versicolor e seus aspectos etiológicos na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo transversal com dados de pacientes de hospital de referência entre 1996 a 2011. Os dados coletados foram: data, idade, gênero, etnia, local anatômico da lesão e resultados do exame micológico direto. Dentre os resultados positivos do exame micológico direto, 5,8% (2.239) foram positivos para pitiríase versicolor. O coeficiente angular (B) foi -0,3%/ ano, mostrando uma diminuição ao longo dos anos. A doença foi mais prevalente em homens (7,1% dos homens versus 5,1% das mulheres que se submeteram ao exame micológico direto); jovens (mediana de 31 anos); pardos e pretos (3,7% acima do esperado para a amostra); tronco (73,4% dos locais anatômicos afetados). Lesões em locais raros (virilha, genitálias, pernas, pés e mãos) também foram observadas no estudo. Em conclusão, devido à diminuição da prevalência de pitiríase versicolor, estudos epidemiológicos de longo prazo são necessários para continuar o monitoramento da doença na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Brasil.

Tinea versicolor in dark-skinned individuals.

In this article, we review the salient features of tinea versicolor and describe the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and histopathology of this mycosis in dark-skinned individuals. Tinea versicolor is caused by an overgrowth of the Malassezia genus. It manifests clinically as asymptomatic hypopigmented macules, hyperpigmented macules, or a combination of the two. Under light microscopy, Malassezia presents as a dimorphic fungus - in both the hyphal and yeast form. Most clinicians have found that the majority of dark-skinned patients present solely with hypopigmented lesions. Under light microscopy, lesions on dark skin involved with tinea versicolor tend to have a thicker stratum corneum, more tonofilaments in the granulosum, and more sequestered melanosomes. Differential diagnosis includes confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, pityriasis alba, and vitiligo. Tinea versicolor can be successfully managed in most cases with topical antifungal treatments. Cases of recurrence, such as those seen in immunocompromised patients, may necessitate scheduled oral or topical therapy.

Pityriasis versicolor: clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients in the urban area of Buerarema-BA , Brazil / Pitiríase versicolor: caracterização clínico-epidemiológica em pacientes da área urbana de Buerarema-BA, Brasil

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a cutaneous pigmentation disorder caused by a lipophilic yeast of the genus Malassezia sp. It is a superficial mycosis characterized by well-defined, slightly scaly skin lesions of variable color. In Brazil, the number of reported cases is small, and there are few epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVES: to assess incidence, characteristics of the lesions, effectiveness of the Zileri's Sign procedure, and the epidemiological profile of PV in the urban area of Buerarema - Bahia. METHODS: Biological samples were collected on pre-established days at Basic Health Care Units from July to September 2010. Sample collection was followed by laboratory diagnosis using Porto's Method. RESULTS: Of the 158 patients with suspected PV participating in the study, 105 (66.5%) were positive; 72 (68.6%) were female and 33 (31.4%) were male. Sex and location of lesions showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05). The region with the highest rate of cases of PV was found to be the center of the city, with 40.9% of diagnosed cases. The most affected age group was between 10 and 19 years. There was a significant association between the results produced through Zileri's Sign and Porto's Method in relation to positive and negative results (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a higher prevalence of PV among individuals at puberty. The Zileri's Sign method proved to be counterproductive, because it showed low efficacy as a method for clinical diagnosis, yielding negative results for 36 (34.3%) patients who had been diagnosed with PV through laboratory examination. .

FUNDAMENTOS: A pitiríase versicolor é um distúrbio de pigmentação cutânea causada pela levedura lipofílica do gênero Malassezia sp. É uma micose superficial caracterizada por produzir lesões delimitadas, com descamação fina e de cor variável. No Brasil, o relato do número de casos e de estudos é restrito. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a incidência, as características das lesões, a eficácia do Sinal de Zileri e o perfil epidemiológico da pitiríase versicolor na área urbana do município de Buerarema-BA. MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas amostras biológicas no período de julho a setembro de 2010, em dias pré-establecidos, nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. O Método de Porto foi utilizado como diagnóstico laboratorial. RESULTADOS: Dos 158 pacientes cadastrados com suspeita de pitiríase versicolor, 105 (66,5%) mostraram-se positivos, sendo 72 (68,6%) do sexo feminino e 33 (31,4%) do sexo oposto. Ocorreu diferença estatisticamente significante entre sexo e localização das lesões (p<0,05). A região com maior índice de pitiríase versicolor foi detectada no centro do município com 40,9% dos casos diagnosticados. A faixa etária mais acometida foi entre 10 e 19 anos. Houve associação significante entre o resultado do Sinal de Zileri e do Método de Porto em relação aos resultados positivos e negativos (p<0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Frente aos resultados, observou-se maior prevalência da pitiríase versicolor em jovens no período da puberdade. O Sinal de Zileri mostrou-se ...

Pityriasis versicolor during anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody therapy: therapeutic considerations.

Anecdotal reports have shown that tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibition may cause unchecked superficial infection with the microorganisms responsible for pityriasis versicolor (PV). We observed several cases of PV, which is frequently resistant to topical therapies, in psoriatic patients undergoing anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody therapy. To evaluate the incidence and the therapeutic management of PV in this group of individuals, between 1 January and 27 December 2010, we examined 153 psoriatic patients for the hypopigmented/hyperpigmented macular and scaling lesions associated with PV. All patients positive for PV were given topical therapy with miconazole nitrate cream twice daily for 28 days, after which they were re-evaluated. In patients non-responsive to topical therapy, we started systemic therapy with fluconazole, 300 mg week(-1) for 3 weeks. We diagnosed seven cases of PV. At the end of topical treatment, complete healing of lesions was observed in only one patient. In the other six patients, systemic treatment led to complete resolution of the infection. Although the onset of PV during anti-TNF-α therapy is seldom reported, it is not likely to be rare, but rather under-reported because of its limited pathological significance. In our opinion, the therapeutic management of this condition deserves greater consideration, as the use of topical treatments alone is largely ineffective compared with systemic treatment.

Perfil de la patología cutánea en una población penal de Chile / Profile of skin disorders in a detention center in Chile

Introducción: Las patologías cutáneas son una frecuente razón de consulta en prisiones. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el perfil de patologías cutáneas en un centro penal chileno. Metodología: Se estudiaron 89 internos con cinco o más años de reclusión seleccionados al azar. La muestra corresponde al 36 por ciento de la población de un centro penal ubicado en la IV Región de Coquimbo. Se registraron los siguientes datos: nivel educacional, orientación sexual, antecedentes de uso de drogas, hábito de fumar, ingesta de alcohol, fenotipo cutáneo, actividad laboral en prisión y años de reclusión. Resultados: La edad promedio de los reclusos fue de 34,8 años, con un promedio de tiempo de reclusión de 7 años. Un 85,4 por ciento de los internos examinados presentó alguna patología cutánea, dentro de las cuales las más frecuentes fueron pitiriasis versicolor (22,4 por ciento), onicomicosis (18 por ciento) y tinea pedis (14,6 por ciento). No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el perfil patologías cutáneas y prisioneros con más o menos de 10 años de reclusión; hábito de fumar; orientación sexual; ingesta alcohólica; fenotipo de piel; actividad laboral dentro de la prisión y consumo de drogas ilícitas. Discusión: Este es el primer estudio acerca del perfil de patologías dermatológicas en un recinto penitenciario chileno, cuyos resultados confirman reportes previos descritos en otros países, donde las patologías cutáneas más frecuentes encontradas corresponden a patologías de origen micótico, posiblemente explicado por el estrés, condiciones sanitarias, poco acceso a la atención de salud, actividad física, entre otras. A diferencia de otros estudios, en el nuestro no se encontró escabiosis ni pediculosis.

Introduction: The skin diseases are a frequent reason for consultation in prisons. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the profile of skin disorders in a detention center in Chile. We studied 89 inmates with five or more years of imprisonment randomly selected. Results: The sample corresponds to 36 percent of the population of a penal facility located in the IV Region of Coquimbo. The following data were recorded: educational level, sexual orientation, drug use, smoking, alcohol intake, skin phenotype, work activity in prison and years of imprisonment. The average age of inmates was 34.8 years, with an average time of seven years imprisonment. 85.4 percent of inmates analyzed, showed some skin disease, the most frequent were pityriasis versicolor (22.4 percent), onychomycosis (18 percent) and tinea pedis (14.6 percent). No significant differences were found between the profile of skin diseases and the following: prisoners with more and less than 10 years of imprisonment, smoking habit , sexual orientation, alcohol intake, skin phenotype; work activity within the prison and use of illicit drugs. Discussion: This is the first study on the profile of dermatological diseases in a Chilean prison, whose results confirm previous reports described in other countries, where the most common skin diseases found correspond to diseases of fungal origin, possibly explained by stress, health conditions, poor access to health care, physical activity, among others. Unlike other studies, in our investigation, we did not observed scabies or lice.

Pitiriasis versicolor por Malassezia pachydermatis: caso clínico / Pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia pachydermatis: clinical case

Se presenta un caso clínico de pitiriasis versicolor por M. pachydermatis en una paciente de 11 años de edad, diagnosticado mediante clínica, morfofisiología y biología molecular. Malassezia pachydermatis es parte de la microbiota común de diversos mamíferos domésticos y animales salvajes. En éstos se reconoce como agente causal de dermatitis y otitis externa. En humanos se han descrito escasas infecciones ya sea superficiales como invasoras, lo que puede atribuirse a la difícil transmisión y adaptación a partir de los animales domésticos. Se comentan los aspectos biológicos y epidemiológicos de esta infección zoonótica.

A clinical case of pityriasis versicolor caused by M. pachydermatis in an 11 year old patient which was diagnosed by means of clinic, morphophysiology and molecular biology is presented. Malassezia pachydermatis is part of regular microbiota in several domestic mammals as well as wild animals. It is recognized as the causing agent of dermatitis and external otitis in the latter. As to human beings, superficial infections have rarely been given an invasive character what can be explained by the difficult transmission and adaptation coming from domestic animals. Biological and epidemiological aspects of this zoonotic infection are described.

Aspectos clínicos de pacientes com pitiríase versicolor atendidos em um centro de referência em dermatologia tropical na cidade de Manaus (AM), Brasil / Clinical aspects of patients with pityriasis versicolor seen at a referral center for tropical dermatology in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

FUNDAMENTOS: A pitiríase versicolor (tinha versicolor) é uma micose superficial crônica, causada por leveduras do gênero Malassezia spp. comensais das camadas queratinizadas da pele e que, sob determinadas condições ainda não esclarecidas, se torna patogênica, determinando as manifestações clínicas da doença. É uma dermatose recidivante e, mesmo após tratamento, pode deixar hipopigmentação persistente, causando problemas sociais aos indivíduos acometidos. OBJETIVO: Descrever as características clínicas e epidemiológicas de pacientes com diagnóstico de tinha versicolor atendidos em uma unidade de referência em Dermatologia (Fundação Alfredo da Matta). MÉTODOS: Estudo de série de casos em que foram detalhadas as manifestações cutâneas e as características epidemiológicas de pacientes atendidos na Fundação Alfredo da Matta com diagnóstico de tinha versicolor. RESULTADOS: Cento e dezesseis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo no período de janeiro a agosto de 2008. A maioria dos indivíduos é do sexo masculino, de cor parda, da faixa etária jovem e formada por estudantes, que apresentavam fatores predisponentes ao surgimento das manchas. Também a maioria apresentava lesões extensas e história passada da doença. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo mostrou alta proporção de indivíduos com quadros extensos e de longa duração da doença.

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) is a chronic superficial mycosis caused by yeasts of the Malassezia spp. genus commensal of the keratinized layers of the skin. Under conditions not yet understood, it becomes pathogenic determining the clinical manifestations of the disease. It is a recurrent skin condition and persistent hypopigmentation may remain after treatment, causing social problems to those affected. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of patients diagnosed with tinea versicolor treated at a referral center for dermatology (Alfredo da Matta Foundation). METHODS: Case-studies in which cutaneous manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with tinea versicolor treated at Alfredo da Matta Foundation were detailed. RESULTS: One hundred and sixteen patients were included in the study from January to August 2008. Most subjects were male, of mixed ethnicity and young age. Most were students who were predisposed to the development of macules. The majority had extensive injuries and past history of the disease. CONCLUSION: The results revealed a high proportion of individuals with extensive clinical manifestations and duration of the disease.

Atrophying tinea versicolor: a clinical and histological study of 12 patients.

BACKGROUND: We describe 12 patients with an atrophying dermatitis in whom the biopsy findings were compatible with tinea versicolor. DESIGN: We encountered 12 skin biopsies from 12 patients in whom a clinically atrophying dermatosis was associated with light microscopic (LM) evidence of atrophy and epidermal colonization by Pityrosporum sp. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were cut at 5 microns and stained with H&E, alcian blue-PAS and PAS-diastase preparations. RESULTS: Five men and seven women aged 17-73 years in whom lesions characterized as atrophic plaques, patches or macules prompted clinical differential diagnoses including parapsoriasis or mycosis fungoides (MF), anetoderma, lupus erythematosus, and steroid atrophy. A LM examination showed epidermal colonization with pityrosporum hyphae and spores accompanied by variable epidermal and dermal atrophy characterized by rete-ridge effacement, subepidermal fibroplasia, pigment incontinence and elastolysis. CONCLUSIONS: Atrophying cutaneous lesions comprise part of the clinical spectrum of tinea versicolor for which we propose the term 'atrophying tinea versicolor'. The pathogenetic basis is unclear but could be the sequela of delayed type hypersensitivity and the release by T-helper lymphocytes of leukotrienes which perturb collagen metabolism and/or keratinocyte growth. Lesions may be mistaken clinically for MF or other atrophying dermatoses.

Intertriginous lesions in pityriasis versicolor.

BACKGROUND: The well-recognized sites of involvement in pityriasis versicolor are the upper part of the trunk, the neck and the upper arms. There is little documentation regarding pityriasis versicolor lesions in flexural areas. OBJECTIVES: To study the occurrence and morphology of lesions of pityriasis versicolor in flexural areas. METHODS: One hundred and ten cases of pityriasis versicolor were studied. Sites of lesions and other clinical features were determined. RESULTS: Flexural lesions in pityriasis versicolor were not uncommon. They were not correlated to age, sex, duration or relapses of the infection. CONCLUSION: Thorough inspection and examination of the skin by Wood's light before establishing treatment is prudent in cases of pityriasis versicolor located in typical sites.

[Pityriasis versicolor in children: a retrospective study of 164 cases]. / Pityriasis versicolor de l'enfant: étude rétrospective de 164 cas.

INTRODUCTION: Pityriasis versicolor is a superficial mycosis uncommonly reported in children. It occurs frequently in warm humid climates. Clinical diagnosis can be confirmed by mycology examination of a biopsy sample or a patch-test. The aim of our work was to assess the frequency of pityriasis versicolor in children in our region and ascertain the contribution of the cutaneous patch test and its diagnostic specificity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients meeting the following inclusion criteria over a 5-year period: age < 14 years, clinical presentation compatible with pityriasis versicolor, a positive patch-test. Age, sex, clinical features and favoring factors were recorded for all patients. Patch tests were performed in a control group of age-matched children with eczema or vitiligo. RESULTS: Pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in 1,379 cases during the study period including 164 children (11.8 p. 100). Age varied from 5 months to 14 years (mean 11 years), with a slight female predominance. Facial lesions were the most frequent (n = 78; 47.5 p. 100), preferentially on the forehead (n = 53; 68 p. 100). An achromic and hypochromic aspect predominated (n = 118; 72 p. 100). The adhesive tape tests were negative in all controls. DISCUSSION: Pityriasis versicolor is exceptional in children in our region. The adhesive tape test provides a specific diagnostic tool. Preferential facial localization and predominant achromic and hypochromic aspect are characteristic of childhood pityriasis versicolor in our region. These 2 features are also reported in the literature. Childhood cases suggests the pathogenic factors involved in pityriasis versicolor should be reconsidered. Pityriasis versicolor should be included in the differential diagnosis of childhood hypopigmentation of the face.

Pitiríase versicolor em Manaus, Amazonas - Brasil / Pityriasis versicolor in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

FUNDAMENTOS - A pitiríase versicolor é micose cosmopolita muito freqüente na regiäo amazônica. OBJETIVOS - Estudar os aspectos epidemiológicos e micológicos da pitiríase versicolor na cidade de Manaus. PACIENTES e MÉTODOS - Trezentos e cinco pacientes com suspeita da micose foram avaliados e submetidos ao exame micológico. RESULTADOS - A idade variou de 2 meses e 75 anos; o tempo de evoluçäo, de dois dias a 15 anos; e a maior incidência concentrou-se entre os adultos, com 66 porcento dos casos, e a menor entre os pré-escolares e lactentes, com 3,5 porcento. As mulheres estavam discretamente mais afetadas (56,72 porcento dos pacientes) e a distribuiçäo nas áreas corporais, em ordem decrescente, era: disseminada (31,50 porcento), tronco (20,65 porcento), braço e antebraço (13,75 porcento), coxa ou perna (9,50 porcento), face (8,85 porcento), couro cabeludo (4,90 porcento), axilas (2,9 porcento), abdômen (1 porcento), regiäo retroauricular (0,70 porcento), pés (0,50 porcento), e mäos (0,50 porcento). Ao exame micológico direto observou-se filamentos grossos, septados, retos ou curvos, e conídios arredondados, de paredes espessas. A observaçäo microscópica das culturas em desenvolvimento evidenciou leveduras típicas. CONCLUSÖES - A pitiríase versicolor é muito freqüente no meio analisado, ocorre em todas as idades, em especial adolescentes e adultos. Em relaçäo ao sexo, ambos säo atingidos, sendo observada uma incidência discretamente maior entre as mulheres.

Epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections.

This paper briefly reviews the current knowledge of the epidemiology and modes of transmission of nosocomial fungal infections and some of the therapeutic options for treating these diseases. In the mid-1980s, many institutions reported that fungi were common pathogens in nosocomial infections. Most, if not all, hospitals care for patients at risk for nosocomial fungal infections. The proportion in all nosocomial infections reportedly caused by Candida spp. increased from 2% in 1980 to 5% in 1986 to 1989. Numerous studies have identified common risk factors for acquiring these infections, most of which are very common among hospitalized patients; some factors act primarily by inducing immunosuppression (e.g., corticosteroids, chemotherapy, malnutrition, malignancy, and neutropenia), while others primarily provide a route of infection (e.g., extensive burns, indwelling catheter), and some act in combination. Non-albicans Candida spp., including fluconazole-resistant C. krusei and Torulopsis (C.) glabrata, have become more common pathogens. Newer molecular typing techniques can assist in the determination of a common source of infection caused by several fungal pathogens. Continued epidemiologic and laboratory research is needed to better characterize these pathogens and allow for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Pityrosporum ovale en cuero cabelludo: estudio piloto en población sana de Santiago / Pityrosporum ovale in scalp: pilot study in healthy population in Santiago

Nuestro propósito fue investigar la prevalencia aproximada del Pityrosporum ovale (PO) en el cuero cabelludo de población sana en diferentes grupos etarios. Se estudiaron 6 grupos desde RN hasta adultos de más o menos 20 personas cada uno, a los que se les tomó muestra de escamas de cuero cabelludo y se hizo cultivo especial para PO. En total se estudiaron 133 casos, encontrando diferentes positividades a distintas edades. En el grupo de RN no se cultivó PO, el cual se empieza a aislar desde la edad lactante. En los escolares y adolescentes se encontró positividad más alta (86% y 60% respectivamente). Estos resultados nos dan información para futuros estudios de prevalencia en nuestra población

Pityrosporum orbiculare y pityrosporum ovale prevalencia en piel sana de niños y ancianos de comunidad educativa y asilo en el Estado Zulia / Pityrosporum orbiculare and pityrosporum ovale prevalence in skin health of children and ancients of comunity educational and asilum in the State Zulia

Con el fin de determinar la prevalencia de pityrosporum orbiculare y Pityrosporum ovale en piel sana de un grupo de niños (pre-escolares y escolares) de una Comunidad Educativa, y ancianos residenciados en una Casa Hogar (Asilo), se realizó el presente estudio. Para ello se tomaron muestras de diferentes áreas del cuerpo por el método de la cinta "Scocht Tape" (Transparente). Analizando los resultados obtenidos se confirma la presencia de ambas especies de Pityrosporum en un 79,50%, correspondiendo un 49,60% al grupo de niños y 29.90% al de ancianos, quedando demostrado estadísticamente que la presencia de Pityrosporum está asociada al período de vida. Relacionando la presencia de Pityrosporum con el sexo, se observó que en el grupo de ancianos un 37.50% correspondió al masculino y un 56.25% al femenino, siendo la diferencia en estos porcentajes estadísticamente significativas; resultados diferentes se obtuvieron en el grupo de niños, donde un 36.40% correspondió al sexo masculino y un 35.90% al femenino. En la población estudiada se observó el Pityrosporum orbiculare colonizando en forma individual en un 68.40% y colonizando asociado a Pityrosporum ovale en un 36.60%. Es de resaltar que el Pityrosporum ovale nunca se observó colonizando en forma individual. Debido al carácter lipofílico del Pityrosporum, fue notoria la variación en la distribución sobre piel sana, encontrándose la más alta prevalencia en aquellas áreas en las cuales la actividad excretora de las glándulas sebáceas es mayor, como son cara y cuero cabelludo. Los resultados de este estudio reafirman la afinidad del Pityrosporum orbiculare por los folículos pilosos, así como la presencia del Pityrosporum ovale en el cerumen el cual representa su gran reservorio

Censo Epidemiológico de lesôes e afeccôes cutâneas em escolares de Ribeirâo Prêto, S. P., Brasil / Epidemiologieal census of cutaneous lesions in schoolchildren of R. Preto, S.P., Brazil

Um total de 5150 escolares de 6 a 16 anos foram examinados em uma cidade subtropical. Excluídas cicatrizes e lesôes traumáticas a prevalência de dermatoses foi de 72%. As mais comun (>2%) foram nevos pigmentados (72%),cicatrizes e lesôes residuais (36%), efélides (19,6%), pediculose (19,6%), dermatite seborréica (19,5%), dermatoviroses (18,6%), acne (15,7%), lesôes traumáticas (9,5%), pitiríase capitis (5%), piodermites (4,3%), dermatite eozematosa (2,6%), estrófulo + picada de inseto (3,1%), ceratose palmar el ou plantar (2,1%) e disidrose (2%). Muitos doentes apresentaron dois ou mais tipos de lesoes ou affeccôes cutâneas. A prevalencia de vibix, estomatite angular, dermatoses actínicas, ictiose, pele xerótica, intertrigo, milia, livedo reticular, hipertricosee escabiose foi menor porén relativamente elevada (de 1,61 a 0,66%). A prevalencia foi discretamente maior em escolares de sexo masculino que no feminino e as diferencas estatisticamente significantes (p<0,001). A diferenca de prevalência entre os grupos etarios nâo foi significante para masculinos e femininos. As meninas aprentaron taxa mais elevada de pediculose, enquanto em meninos prevaleceram pitiríase alba (dartro volante), pitiríase versicolor e piodermites. As condicôes sócioeconômicas parecen ter tido influencia nas taxas de prevalênia de pediculose, pitiríase alba e "tinea pedis", mas nâo nas de dermatoviroses, pitiríase versicolor e piodermite. Os resultados e comentários sâo válidos para uma àrea subtropical semelhante à de Ribeirâo Prêto, com as mesmas características ecológicas, socio-econômicas e de populacâo. Quando se planeja um programa de saúde pública em escolas é importante realizar antes um censo epidemiológico ou estudo piloto, a fim de obter as relevantes informacôes bàsicas.

A clinical study of Pityriasis versicolor in Madras.

One hundred subjects with extensive pityriasis versicolor determined clinically and confirmed by wet preparations (potassium hydroxide positive) were studied. Its incidence in relation to sex, seasons and age groups was analyzed. More than fifty patients sought medical advice on grounds of cosmetic handicap. The most pronounced clinical feature was to be found on the trunk. One case was Confluent and Reticulated Papillomatosis of Gugerot-Carteaud (CRP) (16). Among the factors of susceptibility, pulmonary tuberculosis (P.T.) emerged statistically significant.