RESUMO
Red ginseng (RG) is one of the most popular herbal medicines and used as a dietary supplement in recent years. The bioactive ingredient in RG can induce the production of novel microbial metabolite from fermented RG. Using the one strain-many compounds strategy, the reinvestigation of the metabolites from Daldinia eschscholzii JC-15 cultured in red ginseng medium led to the isolation of an unprecedented benzopyran-naphthalene hybrid, daldinsin (1) and a new lactone (2). In this research, a new lactone, 8-hydroxylhelicascolide A (2) instead of helicascolide A was produced by the D. eschscholzii JC-15 induced by the red ginseng medium. Compound 1 showed anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with the inhibition ratio of 38.8% at 50 µM. Compound 2 indicated antimicrobial activities against Fusarium Solani, F. oxysporum, and Escherichia coli with MICs at 128 µg/mL. RG is therefore a promising activator in production of novel microbial metabolite.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Panax/química , Xylariales/efeitos dos fármacos , Xylariales/metabolismo , Células 3T3-L1 , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Inibidores da Colinesterase/química , Inibidores da Colinesterase/metabolismo , Inibidores da Colinesterase/farmacologia , Meios de Cultura/farmacologia , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Fermentação , Fusarium/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lactonas/metabolismo , Lactonas/farmacologia , Camundongos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Metabolismo SecundárioRESUMO
Phialemoniopsis species are ubiquitous dematiaceous molds associated with a wide variety of superficial and systemic infections in human. In this study, we isolated a mold from the forearm nodule biopsy specimen from a patient with underlying liver cirrhosis, ankylosing spondylosis, and tuberculosis. He was treated with itraconazole, but unfortunately, he succumbed as a result of disseminated tuberculosis with multiorgan failure. The histology results of the skin biopsy showed necrotizing granulomas in which numerous fungal elements were found. On Sabouraud dextrose agar, the fungal isolate grew as white-to-cream and smooth-to-velvety colonies. Microscopically, oval-to-cylindrical conidia were observed from abundant adelophialides, which possessed barely visible parallel collarettes but no basal septa. The azole drugs voriconazole, itraconazole, and posaconazole, as well as amphotericin B, showed high activities against this fungus. Internal transcribed spacer, 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA), and ß-actin and ß-tubulin gene sequencing showed that this fungus is most closely related to but distinct from Phialemonium curvata. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the MALDI-TOF MS spectrum of this fungus is most closely related to that of Phialemonium pluriloculosa. We propose a new species, Phialemoniopsis hongkongensis sp. nov., to describe this fungus.
Assuntos
Feoifomicose/diagnóstico , Feoifomicose/microbiologia , Xylariales/classificação , Xylariales/isolamento & purificação , Actinas/genética , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Biópsia , Análise por Conglomerados , Coinfecção/diagnóstico , Coinfecção/microbiologia , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/química , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Evolução Fatal , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Masculino , Técnicas Microbiológicas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 28S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Espondilite Anquilosante/complicações , Tuberculose/complicações , Tubulina (Proteína)/genética , Xylariales/efeitos dos fármacos , Xylariales/genéticaRESUMO
Informational suppressors and antisuppressors have been previously isolated in Podospora anserina, and a range of exclusively genetic arguments have led to the assumption that they correspond to ribosomal mutations. An in vivo and in vitro comparison of the effect of the ribosomal inhibitor cycloheximide on wildtype and mutant strains described in this paper confirms the ribosomal hypothesis for at least some mutants. Indeed, the four mutants in the AS3 gene were cycloheximide resistant, and their ribosomes were found to be resistant when analyzed by polyuridyl-directed polyphenylalanine systhesis. On the other hand, ribosomes from two su 1 mutants were hypersensitive to the drug.