Central cholinergic regulation of respiration: nicotinic receptors.
Acta Pharmacol Sin
; 30(6): 761-70, 2009 Jun.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19498418
ABSTRACT
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in brainstem and spinal cord regions involved in the control of breathing. These receptors mediate central cholinergic regulation of respiration and effects of the exogenous ligand nicotine on respiratory pattern. Activation of alpha4* nAChRs in the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC), an essential site for normal respiratory rhythm generation in mammals, modulates excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission and depolarizes preBötC inspiratory neurons, leading to increases in respiratory frequency. nAChRs are also present in motor nuclei innervating respiratory muscles. Activation of post- and/or extra-synaptic alpha4* nAChRs on hypoglossal (XII) motoneurons depolarizes these neurons, potentiating tonic and respiratory-related rhythmic activity. As perinatal nicotine exposure may contribute to the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), we discuss the effects of perinatal nicotine exposure on development of the cholinergic and other neurotransmitter systems involved in control of breathing. Advances in understanding of the mechanisms underlying central cholinergic/nicotinic modulation of respiration provide a pharmacological basis for exploiting nAChRs as therapeutic targets for neurological disorders related to neural control of breathing such as sleep apnea and SIDS.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Asunto principal:
Respiración
/
Receptores Nicotínicos
/
Nicotina
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
Límite:
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Newborn
/
Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Asunto de la revista:
FARMACOLOGIA
Año:
2009
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos