Molecular pathways: coexpression of immune checkpoint molecules: signaling pathways and implications for cancer immunotherapy.
Clin Cancer Res
; 19(18): 4917-24, 2013 Sep 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23868869
ABSTRACT
The expression of immune checkpoint molecules on T cells represents an important mechanism that the immune system uses to regulate responses to self-proteins. Checkpoint molecules include cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4, programmed death-1, lymphocyte activation gene-3, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin protein-3, and several others. Previous studies have identified individual roles for each of these molecules, but more recent data show that coexpression of checkpoint molecules occurs frequently on cancer-specific T cells as well as on pathogen-specific T cells in chronic infections. As the signaling pathways associated with each checkpoint molecule have not been fully elucidated, blocking multiple checkpoints with specific monoclonal antibodies results in improved outcomes in several chronic viral infections as well as in a wide array of preclinical models of cancer. Recent clinical data suggest similar effects in patients with metastatic melanoma. These findings support the concept that individual immune checkpoint molecules may function through nonoverlapping molecular mechanisms. Here, we review current data regarding immune checkpoint molecule signaling and coexpression, both in cancer and infectious disease, as well as the results of preclinical and clinical manipulations of checkpoint proteins.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Asunto principal:
Transducción de Señal
/
Puntos de Control del Ciclo Celular
/
Sistema Inmunológico
/
Inmunoterapia
/
Neoplasias
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Cancer Res
Asunto de la revista:
NEOPLASIAS
Año:
2013
Tipo del documento:
Article