[The presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid in various neurologic diseases]. / Aparición de bandas oligoclonales en LCR de diferentes enfermedades neurológicas.

The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of spinal fluid from 488 patients suffering neurological diseases and from a control group are reviewed. One hundred and eleven cases (22.7%) showed oligoclonal bands (OB). The highest percentage of OB appeared in the group of patients with definite multiple sclerosis (84%), followed by those with probable multiple sclerosis (46%) and inflammatory infectious diseases (43%); the group of patients with a possible multiple sclerosis (7%), vascular malignancies (11%) and other diseases (4%) showed a lower incidence of OBs. No OBs were found in groups of patients with degenerative diseases, dementia or the control group. These results confirm the great usefulness of this test to support the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, although it also shows that it is not a specific test so it should always be evaluated within a clinical context.