E-cigarette palatability in smokers as a function of flavorings, nicotine content and propylthiouracil (PROP) taster phenotype.
Addict Behav
; 91: 37-44, 2019 04.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30470456
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The popularity of E-cigarettes is due in part to their flavorings. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect on smokers' sensory perceptions and liking of various e-cigarette flavorings, and the degree to which those perceptions are influenced by nicotine level, sex, and PROP bitter taster phenotype.METHODS:
We recruited 132 non-treatment-seeking, daily cigarette smokers. In repeated trials in one laboratory session participants vaped the Joyetech eGo-C e-cigarette with each of the following flavorings (in random order) unflavored, tobacco, cherry, chocolate, and menthol. Participants vaped the e-juice first without nicotine and then with high nicotine (18â¯mg/ml), and provided sensory (bitterness/sourness, irritation, sweetness) and liking ratings. Perceived intensity of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) was used to classify the participants as non-tasters (nâ¯=â¯28), medium-tasters (nâ¯=â¯74), or supertasters (nâ¯=â¯28). Mixed-effects linear models and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate ratings as a function of flavor interacting with nicotine content, sex and taster phenotype, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, menthol use, and nicotine dependence.RESULTS:
Regardless of nicotine level, cherry (ßâ¯=â¯1.76, pâ¯<â¯.001) and chocolate (ßâ¯=â¯0.69, pâ¯<â¯.001) were rated as sweeter, but were not better liked, than unflavored e-juice. Menthol elicited the highest liking rating, especially for women (ßâ¯=â¯12.23, pâ¯<â¯.05) and supertasters (ßâ¯=â¯20.52, pâ¯<â¯.05). Regardless of flavor, high nicotine was rated as more irritating (ORâ¯=â¯1.43, 95% CIâ¯=â¯1.02-2.01) than the no-nicotine e-juice. Irritation (ßâ¯=â¯-13.65, pâ¯<â¯.001), bitterness/sourness (ßâ¯=â¯-11.38, pâ¯<â¯.001), and sweetness (ßâ¯=â¯4.79, pâ¯<â¯.001) were associated with liking.CONCLUSION:
Menthol may enhance e-cigarette palatability for some smokers, which may increase e-cigarette utility in smoking cessation.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Asunto principal:
Agonistas Nicotínicos
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Comportamiento del Consumidor
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Percepción del Gusto
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Aromatizantes
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Sistemas Electrónicos de Liberación de Nicotina
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Vapeo
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Nicotina
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Addict Behav
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article