[Approximation analysis in the study of the epidemiology of the epistaxis]. / Approksimatsionnyi analiz v izuchenii epidemiologii nosovykh krovotechenii.

Epistaxis or nosebleeds (NB) are the most common emergency pathology that otorhinolaryngologists have to deal with. Purpose of the work: to study the prevalence of patients with NB in the otorhinolaryngological departments of hospitals in Moscow from 2003 to 2019. The reports of the heads of the ENT departments of the city clinical hospitals in Moscow were studied. Inclusion criteria were hospitals working with an adult contingent of patients. An approximation analysis was carried out and trend indicators of the prevalence of NB were studied. RESULTS: 2003 to 2019 the total number of patients treated in ENT hospitals was 563 189 people, 20 623 (3.7%) patients were treated with NB, of which 52 (0.25%) died. The average age of the deceased was 64.7 years, men are 73.7% more prevalent than women. In 96.2% of patients, epistaxis was a complication of the underlying disease, and in 3.8%, it was regarded as a concomitant condition. In 30.8% of the deceased, NB recurred with the background of malignant lesions of the nose and nasopharynx, in 69.2% - posthemorrhagic anemia aggravated diseases of other organs and systems. Over the past 17 years, there has been a tendency for the growth of treated patients with diseases of ENT organs and patients with nosebleeds by 58.5% and 51.1%, respectively. The studied approximation of the relative prevalence and mortality rates in patients with NB showed that for the period from 2003 to 2019. trend values are practically at the same level with the minimum multidirectional linear dynamics - -0.24% and +0.04%, respectively.