Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin as empiric therapy in febrile neutropenic patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

ABSTRACT

This pilot study was done to assess the efficacy and toxicity of intravenous ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin in patients developing febrile neutropenia while undergoing high-dose myeloablative therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). All patients undergoing high-dose chemoradiotherapy and HSCT for leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, and solid tumors received open-label ceftazidime 2 g intravenously every 8 hours and ciprofloxacin 400 mg intravenously every 12 hours if they developed fever while they were neutropenic. Success with or without modification of this regimen was defined as survival through the neutropenic period; failure was defined as death secondary to infection. Among 45 patients treated with this regimen, the success rate was 98%. Sixty-two percent (28 of 45) of the patients achieved defervescence within 48 to 72 hours and remained afebrile without regimen modification. In 16 patients (36%) the regimen was modified because of persistent fever. The combination of ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin as initial empiric antibacterial therapy in febrile neutropenic patients undergoing myeloablative therapy and HSCT appears to be highly effective and is associated with minimal toxicity.