Prolactin regulation of the prostate gland: a female player in a male game.
Nat Rev Urol
; 8(11): 597-607, 2011 Oct 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21971318
ABSTRACT
Prolactin is best known for its actions on the mammary gland. However, circulating prolactin is also detected in males and its receptor (PRLR) is expressed in the prostate, suggesting that the prostate is a target of prolactin. Germline knockout of prolactin or its receptor has failed to reveal a key role for prolactin signaling in mouse prostate physiology. However, several studies involving rodent models and human prostate cell lines and specimens have supported the contribution of the canonical PRLR-Jak2-Stat5a/b pathway to prostate cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Increased expression of prolactin in the prostate itself (rather than changes in circulating prolactin levels) and crosstalk with androgen receptor (AR) signaling are potential mechanisms for increased Stat5a/b signaling in prostate cancer. In the mouse prostate, prolactin overexpression results in disorganized expansion of the basal/stem cell compartment, which has been proposed to house putative prostate tumor-initiating cells. These findings provide new insight into the molecular and cellular targets by which locally produced prolactin could contribute to prostate cancer initiation and progression. A number of pharmacological inhibitors targeting various levels of the PRLR-Jak2-Stat5a/b pathway have been developed and are entering clinical trials for advanced prostate cancer.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Temas:
Geral
/
Tipos_de_cancer
/
Outros_tipos
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Prolactina
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Próstata
/
Neoplasias da Próstata
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nat Rev Urol
Assunto da revista:
UROLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
França