Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers.
Environ Res
; 135: 76-80, 2014 Nov.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25262078
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There is scarce evidence about passive exposure to the vapour released or exhaled from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) under real conditions. The aim of this study is to characterise passive exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes' vapour and conventional cigarettes' smoke at home among non-smokers under real-use conditions.METHODS:
We conducted an observational study with 54 non-smoker volunteers from different homes 25 living at home with conventional smokers, 5 living with nicotine e-cigarette users, and 24 from control homes (not using conventional cigarettes neither e-cigarettes). We measured airborne nicotine at home and biomarkers (cotinine in saliva and urine). We calculated geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD). We also performed ANOVA and Student's t tests for the log-transformed data. We used Bonferroni-corrected t-tests to control the family error rate for multiple comparisons at 5%.RESULTS:
The GMs of airborne nicotine were 0.74 µg/m(3) (GSD=4.05) in the smokers' homes, 0.13 µg/m(3) (GSD=2.4) in the e-cigarettes users' homes, and 0.02 µg/m(3) (GSD=3.51) in the control homes. The GMs of salivary cotinine were 0.38 ng/ml (GSD=2.34) in the smokers' homes, 0.19 ng/ml (GSD=2.17) in the e-cigarettes users' homes, and 0.07 ng/ml (GSD=1.79) in the control homes. Salivary cotinine concentrations of the non-smokers exposed to e-cigarette's vapour at home (all exposed ≥ 2 h/day) were statistically significant different that those found in non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke ≥ 2 h/day and in non-smokers from control homes.CONCLUSIONS:
The airborne markers were statistically higher in conventional cigarette homes than in e-cigarettes homes (5.7 times higher). However, concentrations of both biomarkers among non-smokers exposed to conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes' vapour were statistically similar (only 2 and 1.4 times higher, respectively). The levels of airborne nicotine and cotinine concentrations in the homes with e-cigarette users were higher than control homes (differences statistically significant). Our results show that non-smokers passively exposed to e-cigarettes absorb nicotine.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Temas:
Geral
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco
/
Biomarcadores
/
Produtos do Tabaco
/
Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
Limite:
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Res
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article