Applicability assessment of empty fruit bunches from palm oil mills for use as bio-solid refuse fuels.
J Environ Manage
; 234: 1-7, 2019 Mar 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30599325
ABSTRACT
Palm kernel shells (PKS), empty fruit bunches (EFB), and trunks are by-products of the palm oil industry and form approximately 50â¯wt % of fresh fruit bunch (FFB). In particular, EFB accounts for approximately 20â¯wt % of FFB. Although large amounts of EFB are generated from palm oil mills every year in Indonesia and Malaysia, EFB is treated as waste because commercial technologies for thermo-chemical conversion of EFB into renewable energy are still under development. A robust conversion method can transform EFB into an appealing renewable energy source. In order to secure this renewable energy source, Korea can import EFB as biomass. This paper investigates literature on the status of utilization of EFB, by-products from palm oil mills in order to identify the best available technological process to use EFB as bio-solid refuse fuels (SRF). Meanwhile, physico-chemical analyses (proximate, elemental, and calorific value analyses), biomass and heavy metal content were measured in order to assess whether EFB would be suitable for use as a bio-SRF, in accordance with the Korean quality standard for SRF. According to the analysis results, EFB showed applicability to use as bio-SRF; main analysis results - moisture (9.63â¯wt %), ash (5.94â¯wt %), biomass content (97.82â¯wt %) and calorific value (3668â¯kcalâ¯kg).
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Temas:
Agentes_cancerigenos
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Arecaceae
/
Frutas
País/Região como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Environ Manage
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article