The role of endogenous pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) in nicotine self-administration, reward and aversion.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
; 181: 46-52, 2019 06.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31028757
ABSTRACT
Pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2) are localized in brain regions implicated in stress response, reward seeking and aversive responses, raising the possibility that PACAP may be involved in motivational effects of nicotine. To test this hypothesis, we used two-bottle choice (TBC) and place conditioning paradigms and assessed if nicotine preference or conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) induced by nicotine would be altered in mice lacking PACAP compared to their wild-type controls. In the TBC paradigm, mice had access to two water bottles during the first week and then one of the water bottles was switched to nicotine solution (20, 40 and then 80⯵g/mL). The volume of water and nicotine consumed was measured every day. In the place conditioning paradigm, mice were tested for baseline place preference on day 1, received conditioning with saline versus a low (0.25) or high (1â¯mg/kg) dose nicotine and, respectively, tested for CPP or CPA 24â¯h following the last conditioning. We discovered that mice lacking PACAP compared to their wild-type controls exhibited more preference for nicotine over water in the TBC paradigm, particularly at the two higher concentrations of nicotine. While the rewarding action of the low dose nicotine was not altered in mice lacking PACAP, the aversive effect of the high dose nicotine was blunted in these mice compared to their wild-type controls. The present results suggest that endogenous PACAP may play a functional role in nicotine preference and its aversive effect.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Temas:
Geral
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Recompensa
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Polipeptídeo Hipofisário Ativador de Adenilato Ciclase
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Agentes Aversivos
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Nicotina
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos